Mamuli No. 13
Title
Mamuli No. 13
extracted text
mamuli
Tqveni
qarTvel emigrantTa patriotuli gamocema amerikaSi
Tqveno aRmatebulebav,
batono prezidento,
uwinaresad, uRrmes madlobas gwiravT,
rom wyvetilobiT, magram samiaTaswlovani
saxelmwifoebriobis mqone saqarTvelos
dasdeT udidesi pativi Tqveni vizitiT.
am istoriul Jests Cven aRviqvamT Tqveni
diadi saxelmwifosa da misi lideris
mier kavkasiis gulis - saqarTvelos mniSvnelobis, funqciisa da misiis gacnobierebad, rac gvafiqrebinebs, rom saqarTvelo daexsneba mezobeli imperiis mier
Tavsmoxveul geografiul, politikur, moralur paradoqsebs da dasavleTis, Tqveni
SemweobiT damkvidrebul msoflios axal
RirebulebaTa sistemaSi Rirseul, ganumeorebel, TviTmyofad da unikalur adgils moipovebs.
Cveni qveyana daiqanca. mas edavebian imas,
rac udavo da aprioria. Cveni qveynis aw
ukve dafleTil teritoriaze, qarTvelTa
da afxazTa rogorc avtoqtonTa, aseve
misi yvela moqalaqis uflebebi irRveoda da irRveva ruseTis sxvadasxvagvari
modifikaciis imperiis recidivebis uzneo
zegavleniT.
sayovelTaod cnobilia, rom bolSevikurma ruseTma imperiebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli primitiuli formuliT fsevdoavtonomiuri warmonaqmnebi moaxvia Tavs
Cvens qveyanas. demokratiuli Rirebulebebis erTguli dRevandeli saqarTvelo
mis teritoriaze mcxovreb yvela eTnoss
sTavazobs TviTmyofadobisa da kulturis ganviTarebis yvelaze farTo arCevans,
xolo afxazebsa da osebs dRevandeli
xelisuflebis mier eqmnebaT saSuri pirobebi, gaakeTon samarTliani arCevani fsevdo da WeSmarit avtonomiebs Soris.
batono prezidento,
Tqven imaSic dagveTaxmebiT, rom samarcxvinoa, tragikulze rom araferi vTqvaT,
Cvens dRevandel saxelmwifos hyavdes
aseul aTasobiT Sida migranti, devnili
da ltolvili. Tqveni saxelmwifos upiratesi damsaxurebaa, rom maTi udidesi
nawili fizikurad gadarCa, magram maTTvis
sicocxleze zeaRmatebuli Rirebulebisaa qveynis teritoriuli mTlianobis
aRdgena, romlis realizeba uTqvenod, ubralod, uperspeqtivod gveCveneba.
batono prezidento, kidev erTxel gwiravT madlobas, rom saqarTvelo arasdros
migitovebiaT gansacdelSi. amitom Rrmad
gvwams, rom moureveli gansacdeli, Tqveni SemweobiT, dReniadag Segvimcirdeba.
< < r e d a q c i a EDITORIAL >>
mamuli
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Your Excellency, Mr. President
We would first and foremost like to
thank you for your visit that is honorable
to Georgia whose statehood is three
thousand years old. This historic step
makes it clear that your great country and
you, its leader, understand the significance, function, and mission of Georgia that is in the heart of the Caucasus.
This provides grounds for hope that
Georgia will be able to escape the geographic, political, and moral paradoxes
imposed by the neighboring empire and
will occupy a deserved, unique, and distinctive place in the system of new values established in the world thanks to
your country`s efforts.
Our country is tired. There is much
controversy over what cannot be contested. The rights of the Georgians and
Abkhazians, indigenous peoples on our
country`s territory that has been torn to
pieces, as well as the rights of all its citizens are being and have always been
violated under the influence of the Russian Empire of different modifications.
It is common knowledge that Bolshevik Russia, just like other empires, used
a primitive formula to impose pseudoautonomies on our country. Today`s Georgia that is faithful to democratic values offers all ethnic groups residing on
its territory a wide choice for the development of their unique identities and cultures. As regards the Abkhazians and
Ossetians, the current authorities are
creating for them enviable conditions for
making a fair choice between the pseudo and true autonomies.
Mr. President,
You will perhaps agree if we say that
it is shameful, if not tragic, that our country now has hundreds of thousands of
internal migrants, displaced persons,
and refugees. It is your country that is to
be credited for the fact that most of them
have survived. However, the restoration
of this country`s territorial integrity is
more precious for them than their lives
and we believe that this aim is unachievable without your assistance.
Once more, we would like to express
our gratitude for never leaving Georgia
in trouble. This is why we hope that this
country will have to face fewer insurmountable problems in the future.
1
momaval
nomerSi
SeSfoTebuli werda das: `leqsebi, romelic
mis sikvdiliswina werilSi aRmoCnda, didi xnis
winaa dawerili da me miZRvna... da isini sulac
ar iyo sikvdilisTvis gankuTvnili”...
lilia
lilia brike
brike
ar
ar ijerebda!
ijerebda!
kaxa Citaia cekvavs vals
a n u
reqviemi restoran `nacionalSi~
redaqtoris reportaJi saaRdgomo banketidan
faSizmisagan
CerCils
davuxsnivarT!
sensacia
CF[FHT,BC F[FKB HTLFMWBF
SBSJTEKB MFHSDTKBCFSDBC UFCFUT,
TYFPT RFYJYBREHB NTMCNBC CHEKB LFWDBS
gazeTi `mamuli~ bednieria, rom momavali nomridan warmogidginoT wyaro Cveni cxovrebisa saxareba, romelic aTaswleulTa manZilze mravaljer Targmnila, gadawerila da pirvelyofili ieric dahkargvia. ufro metic, ZvelqarTulad aJRerebuli macxovris cxovrebis qronologia bevri TanamedrovesaviT, samwuxarod, gaugebaria, xolo axalqarTulad Targmnili teqsti zogjer imdenad bundovani da damaxinjebuli gaxlavT, rom SeuZlebeli xdeba mTeli sakvanZo debulebebis swori aRqma.
Cvens xelTaa erTaderTi da unikaluri Tanamedrove redaqcia oTxTavisa, romelzedac ukve
ocdaaTi weliwadia muSaobs yofili mitropoliti, mdabali gaioz keratiSvili, saqarTvelos
eklesiis meore piri 1978 wlamde da amave wels
SevardnaZis reJimis mier usamarTlod da ganukiTxavad 15 wliT TavisuflebaaRkveTili. swored daRestnis Sroma-gasworebis koloniaSi ixveweboda Tanamedrove qarTveli mkiTxvelisaT-
interviu CerCilis
SviliSvilTan
mamulisa da asaval-dasavalis
erToblivi proeqti
Cemi sizmari da ocneba
- CerCili rom ar yofiliyo, didi britaneTi jer kidev
1940 wlis zafxulSi danebdeboda faSistebs. da maSin hitleri mTel Zalebs ssr kavSiris winaaRmdeg daZravda, da,
SesaZloa, wiTel armias verc ki gaewia medgari winaaRmdegoba.
Cemi azriT, CerCilis piradi vaJkacoba da gambedaoba rom
ara, dasavleTi evropis yvela qveynis da sabWoTa kavSiris
Tavzec svastikiani droSa ifrialebda.
stumrad
saakaSvilebTan
Zalian gvinda, ZaRli rom
gvyavdes, magram aseTi sacxovrebeli pirobebi ar gvaqvs.
samoTaxian binaSi vcxovrobT,
es sul 60 kvadratuli metria. amitom sandras yvela
mcdeloba, rom saxlSi moiyvanos ZaRli, Cemgan aRkveTil
iqna da swored es mimaCnia
am wlis mTavar miRwevad.
gazeTi dasabeWdad mzad iyo
iyo...
roca dagvikavSirda stambis direqcia da gvacnoba,
rom me-9 gverdze Sepirebuli xatis dabeWdva gacilebiT met dros moiTxovs, vidre maT miaCndaT. arada Cveni survili iyo, rom dRes Tqvens ojaxSi wmida ninos
unikaluri xatis feradi reproduqcia SemobrZanebuliyo.
ise gveCqareboda am xatis TqvenTan SemobrZaneba, rom
andazam `moCqares mougviandeso~, Tavi Segvaxsena.
miiReT Cveni bodiSi da dapirebac, rom xats gazeTis
momaval nomerTan erTad miiRebT.
2
vis uZvelesi qarTuli margalitebiT Semkuli
axali redaqcia qarTuli oTxTavisa. mogvianebiT
es fundamenturi naSromi kidev mravalgzis iqna
Sedarebul-Sejerebuli saxarebis sxvadasxva gamocemasTan. gaioz keratiSvilma scada, miseuli varianti maqsimalurad identuri yofiliyo saxarebis kanonikuri teqstisa, amasTan aRdgeniliyo
masSi is aucilebeli niuansebi, romlebic saRmrTo
wignSi daSifrul WeSmaritebas qarTul yalibSi
Camoasxamda da yvelasaTvis gasagebs gaxdida.
siyvaruli da SiSi uflisa, ai, udiadesi mizani, romelic yvela mokvdavs aZlevs Sanss, gaigos
karTan momdgari macxovris kakuni, locviT xelapyrobili miegebos da farTod gaxsnili bWeni
sulisani miagebos.
maS ase, kidev erTxel movisminoT, ras gveubneba
saxareba meored mosvlis zRurblze, raTa uflis
madliT gabrwyindes Cveni xelaxali dabadeba!
gulaxdili saubari salome zurabiSvilTan
ssrk-s maSindeli pirveli mdivani xruSCovi parizSi Cadioda.
eSinodaT, vinmes bombi ar esrola. erT diliT, levan zurabiSvili
da ramdenime `saSiSi” qarTveli parizs gaarides da cota xniT,
korsikaze gadaasaxles. Svilebi, patara salome da oTari dabRverilebi uyurebdnen, rogor mihyavdaT mamiko. imave dilas dedam bavSvebi skolaSi waiyvana. skola moSorebiT iyo da avtobusiT unda emgzavraT. avtobusebze sabWoTa droSebi iyo damagrebuli. bavSvebma es rom dainaxes, ar avalTo - gamoacxades. dedam uTxra, xruSCovis gulisTvis taqsSi fuls
ar davxarjav, Tvalebze xelebi avifaroT da ise vimgzavroTo...
dRes es patara salome, patara saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa ministria da im dros qarTvel emigrantTa Svili am postze verc iocnebebda.
es foto
ibeWdeba pirvelad
rom wamovizarde, galaktions davuaxlovdi. erTxel
zemelTan Semxvda, belinskis quCaze wavediT, sardafSi.
iq Cveni fexburTelebi qeifobdnen, matCi hqondaT mogebuli da... ukiTxa galaktionma leqsebi... amaze didi
jildo ra iqneboda, - modioda da modioda sadRegrZeloebi, mere mxrebSi amovudeqiT da barbaciT miviyvaneT
saxlamde. sul CemTan dadioda suraTebis gadasaRebad... erTi misi foto
maqvs, jer arsad dabeWdila. rom dakarga, is leninis ordeni ukeTia da xelSi “papirozi”uWiravs. aseTi iyo sinamdvileSi...
rasputinis quTaiseli sasiZo
peterburgSi mudmivad mcxovrebi simonika arasdros iviwyebda mSobliur keras. igi drodadro Camodioda
quTaisSi da aucileblad moinaxulebda naTesavebsac. Tan Camohqonda saCuqrebi da bevr saintereso
ambavsac yveboda sasaxlis karis cxovrebaze. es ulamazesi vaJkaci nikoloz II-is ojaxSi xSirad xvdeboda
rasputinis qaliSvils matronas, romelsac Zlier Sehyvarebia simonika. imperatoris ojaxs xeli Seuwyvia
da simonika misi oficialuri saqmro gaxda, magram rasputinis mkvlelobam xeli SeuSala am qorwinebas.
mamuli
premier-ministr zurab Jvaniasa
da raul usupovis gardacvalebis
saqmeSi skandaluri detalebi Cndeba. vidre oficialuri gamoZieba
dums, Jvania-usupovis saeWvo gardacvalebis irgvliv upasuxo kiTxvebs studia ”reportioris” direqtori, Jurnalisti vaxtang komaxiZe pasuxobs.
Jvania-usupovis gardacvalebidan
oTxi Tve gavida. incidenti Tavidanve ubedur SemTxvevad moinaTla,
magram oficialuri gamoZieba saqmis daxurulad gamocxadebas ar
Cqarobs. ratom? gamoZiebas amis uamravi mizezi aqvs. yvelaze logikuri mizezi ki, albaT, damoukideblad
Seqmnili sagamoZiebo jgufebis am
saqmisadmi dainteresebaa. araa gamoricxuli, damoukideblad gamoZiebulma daskvnam saxelisuflebo
gamoZieba CixSi Seiyvanos.
Jvania-usupovis ”nikalaTi” mowamvlis oficialur versiaze sazogadoebisTvis momxdarisTanavea
cnobili. qarTvel samarTaldamcvelebs azri verc amerikelma eqspertebma Seacvlevines. sazogadoeba ki
daarwmunes, rom amerikelebs isini
arafriT Camouvardebian.
damoukidebeli gamoZiebis
skandaluri masalebi
Jurnalist vaxtang komaxiZis
studiis mier gamoZiebuli saqme,
romelic telekompania ”202”-iT
ukve aCvenes, oficialuri gamoZiebisagan radikalurad gansxvavebulia. Tumca, rogorc Jurnalisti
CvenTan saubarSi aRniSnavs: ”naCvenebi filmi, uxeSad rom vTqvaT, imis
20%-ic araa, rac Cven cnobebi mogvepoveba am faqtTan dakavSirebiT.
gamoZieba grZeldeba, sazogadoeba sxva
masalebs mogvianebiT naxavs”.
komaxiZis mier gamoZiebuli masalebiT, Jvanias sikvdilamde ramdenime saaTiT adre movlenebi Semdegnairad viTardeba:
2005 wlis 2 Tebervals premier-ministrma zurab Jvaniam, saxelmwifo kancelaria dRis bolos, daaxloebiT, 22 saaTsa da 55 wuTze
datova.
am dros raul usupovi varkeTilSi, avtosadgomze Sevida. avtosadgomis daraji, romelic usupovs kargad icnobda, ixsenebs, rom
im RamiT rauls marTlac daurekes, ramdenime wami ilaparaka, saubris Semdeg ki sadRac gaemgzavra da
daibara, rom erT-or saaTSi dabrundeboda. zari, romlis Semdegac
usupovma avtosadgomi datova, zurab Jvanias nomridan iyo dafiqsirebuli.
usupovis manqana 1 saaTis ganmavlobaSi varkeTilidan saburTalos
quCisken midioda. Jvanias avtomanqanam rusTaveli, kostavas quCa gaiara da daaxloebiT 11 saaTze Sartavas quCaze mdebare binaSi mivida.
35 wuTSi ki isic saburTalos
quCisken gaemgzavra.
gamoZiebisas Jurnalisti jeoselisa da magTis anZebis ganlagebis
mixedviT satelefono zarebis amonabeWdebis monacemebs eyrdnoba. aseve gamoyenebulia faruli Canaweric, romelSic Jvanias dacvis wevri mixeil ZaZamia im saRamos movlenebze miseul versias aviTarebs.
farul CanawerSi ZaZamia ambobs:
”davsxediT, im marSrutiT wavediT,
igi
mokles!
iqidan movtrialdiT, supermarketSi SevediT, Tan telefonze laparakobda...” ZaZamia ambobs, rom Jvania
konspiraciul binaSi eskortis gareSe waiyvana, gzaSi sursaTi da
koniaki SeiZina, manqanas nela marTavda, radgan Jvania telefonze laparakobda. xolo roca saxlTan
mividnen, Jvaniam daavala, rom usupovisTvis daereka. 23 saaTi da 59
wuTi iyo.
”miTxra, gadaureke, sad ariso, davureke da miTxra movdivaro. saxlis kuTxeSi videqi, miTxra, male
movalo”, - ambobs ZaZamia.
misive TqmiT, isini saburTalos
53-Si konspiraciul binaSi Sevidnen. sinaTle aanTo, gamaTbobeli CarTo, am dros usupovma karze daakakuna. kari Jvaniam gaaRo da ZaZamias
uTxra, wadi da roca dagirekav,
maSin modio.
komaxiZe logikurad askvnis, rom
ZaZamia am dros JvaniasTan erTad
saburTalos 53-Si ver iqneboda.
verc sinaTles da verc gamaTbobels
ver aanTebda, radgan 23 saaTsa da
59 wuTze ZaZamias telefonma didubis anZasTan siaxloves dareka.
rogorc irkveva, premier-ministris
dacvis wevri SemTxvevis adgilze
savaraudod, mxolod 3 saaTze dabrunda da misive TqmiT, JvaniasTan
dakavSirebas cdilobda.
ZaZamias monayoli: ”mas mere, rac
kari ar gamiRes, Sevamtvrie. aqeTa
kuTxis fanjaraze farda rom gadavwie, davinaxe, zura aqeTa kuTxis
kresloSi iyo, kuTxisken. zura ar
reagirebda. davureke kobas da vuTxari, ar reagirebs-meTqi, miTxra, movdivaro (koba xarSilaZe, visac ZaZamiam daureka, premier-ministris dacvis ufrosi iyo. igi zaris miRebisTanave saburTalos quCisken gaemgzavra). telefoni damijda. iq
aris staianka, iq Sevitane telefoni dasatenad”.
avtosadgomi, sadac ZaZamia telefonis dasatenad wavida, SemTxvevis
adgilidan daaxloebiT 200 metriTaa daSorebuli. gzad gazis wnevis
maregulirebeli jixuri mdebareobs. premieris sikvdilis dRes jixuris saketi gatexili iyo. am
oTaxSi, premier-ministrTan dacvam
mxolod 4 saaTze SeaRwia.
ZaZamia ambobs: ”koba SeZvra, gamovwieT Jaluzi. me gareT velodebodi, 4-5 wuTis mere kobam gamiRo
karebi. zura iwva”.
ZaZamia ambobs, rom premier-ministri da usupovi ukve gardacvlilebi iyvnen. iqve iyo gaSlili sufra da nardi. kobas miTiTebiT ZaZamiam gazis gamaTbobeli gadaketa.
”me ver davinaxe, gazi enTo Tu
ara, gazis fSitini mesmoda da gadavkete”, - ambobs ZaZamia. Tumca,
damoukidebuli gamoZiebiT dadgenilia, rom Tbilgazis saavario samsaxurma am ubanze gazi erTi saaTiT adre gadaketa. amis mizezi
saburTalos quCidan TbilgazSi gazis wnevis momatebis Sesaxeb Sesuli Setyobinebaa, romelic Ramis
samis naxevarze Sevida. Tbilgazis
Jurnalis mixedviT, 2 saaTsa da 35
wuTze saavario jgufi ubanze gaemarTa. 2 saaTsa da 55 wuTze ki
gazi gadaketili iyo.
”Tbilgazis” TanamSromeli nodar suxaSvili, romelmac gazi uSualod gadaketa, ambobs, rom jixuris saketi gatexili daxvda.
”Tbilgazi” adasturebs, rom wnevam im Rames marto am ubanze moimata, rac mxolod gatexili saketis
miRma mdebare wnevis regulatoris
amoqmedebiT iyo SesaZlebeli. ase
rom, Tu gazi 2:55 saaTze gadaiketa,
dacvis warmomadgenlebma ki binaSi
4 saaTisTvis SeaRwies, SeuZlebelia, vinmes oTaxSi gazis xma gaego.
qarTulad naTargmanebi
amerikuli daskvna
momxdaris Semdeg amerikelebma gamoikvlies, Tu ra gavlena SeeZlo
moexdina Rumelis gaumarTaobas haerSi Jangbadisa da naxSirbadis koncentraciaze, rac winaswari gamoZiebis azriT, sikvdilis mizezi gaxda.
eqspertebma 12 saaTze nikala CarTes da eqsperimenti daiwyo, romelic oTxsaaTnaxevari gagrZela. specialuri mowyobilobebiT isini haerSi Jangbadis Semcvelobas zomavdnen. eqsperimentis dawyebisas Jangbadis donem 20,5 procenti Seadgina, oTxsaaTnaxevris Semdeg ki 18,4
procentamde daiwia. oTxsaaTnaxevarSi gamaTbobeli gamorTes da normaluri koncentracia momentalurad aRdga.
mamuli
Tu ra fiziologiur gavlenas
moaxdenda Jangbadis Semcvelobis
kleba 20,5%-dan 18,4 %-mde, eqspertebma amerikis standartizaciis
erovnuli institutis parametrebi gamoiyenes.
am standartebis mixedviT: 20,9
% normaluri raodenobaa. 19 %
iwvevs garkveul, Tumca, SeumCnevel
fiziologiur zegavlenas. 16%-ze
Senelebuli azrovnebaa da modunebulia yuradReba, aseve, gauaresebulia koordinacia. 14% uCveulo
daRlilobas da modunebas iwvevs
12,5% dros Zalze garTulebulia
azrovneba da koordinacia, iwyeba
gulisreva. 10%-is qveviT - konvulsiebi da sikvdili. anu ra periodic Jvaniam da usupovma binaSi
dahyves, aparaturam 18,8 % aCvena,
rac sikvdilis mizezi ar SeiZleboda gamxdariyo. es mxolod msubuq fiziologiur moSlilobas gamoiwvevda.
naxSirbadis monoqsidi, romelic
qarTvelma eqspertebma sikvdilis
mizezad daasaxeles, gamoZiebis federaluri biuros momdevno kvlevis sagani gaxda. naxSirbadis monoqsidi qimiuri nivTierebaa, romelic mowamvliT gamowveuli ubeduri SemTxvevebis yvelaze gavrcelebul mizezad iTvleba.
naxSirbadis monoqsidis koncentraciis gasazomad eqspertebma moculobiTi sazomi erTeuli - pipiemi (parts per milion) gamoiyenes.
amerikuli standartebiT, janmrTelobisa da sicocxlisTvis saxifaTo zRvari 1200 pipiemia. eqsperimenti amjeradac oTxsaaTnaxevris ganmavlobaSi mimdinareobda da
oTaxSi sicocxlisTvis saxifaTo
zRvarze 200-jer naklebi koncentracia dafiqsirda.
FBI-is biuros laboratoriis
mier Catarebulma sisxlis analizma
aCvena, rom Jvanias sisxlis naxSirbad-hemoglobiniT gajerebis done
72 procenti, usupovis ki - 74
procenti iyo. biologiur mecnierebaTa doqtoris lazarevis cnobaris mixedviT, 3 saaTis ganmavlobaSi rom sisxli naxSirbad-hemoglobiniT Tundac 60 procentze
gajerdes, haerSi naxSirbadis monoqsidis koncentracia 1000 pipi-
emze meti unda yofiliyo.
SemTxvevis adgilze Catarebuli
eqsperimentis dros ki mxolod 6
pipiems miaRwia. Tu rogor SeiZleboda aRmoCeniliyo Jvanias da
usupovis sisxlSi am raodenobis
naxSirbad-hemoglobini, gamoZieba internet gverdebze gamoqveynebul wyaroebs eyrdnoba, romlis mixedviTac, ruseTis specsamsaxurebs SeiaraRebaSi hqondaT qimiuri SenaerTi, saxelwodebiT rkinis pentakarbonili. esaa Ria moyviTalo xsnari da mZime momwamvleli efeqti
aqvs organizmSi, rogorc saylapavi,
aseve ineqciis gziT moxvedrisas.
amasTan, praqtikulad ar gansxvavdeba naxSirbadis monoqsidiT gagudulisgan.
FBI-is eqspertTa mosazrebaTa winaaRmdegobriobis miuxedavad ki daskvna aseTi iyo: ”gamoZiebis federaluri biuros laboratoria aRniSnavs, rom TbilisSi Catarebuli
eqspertizis dros, naxSirbadis monoqsidis koncentracias ar miuRwevia da ar gadauWarbebia si el
da ai di eih el standartebisTvis”.
erTi sityviT, inglisur variantSi miTiTebulia, rom ar gadauWarbebia, qarTulSi ki - weria, rom
gadaaWarba.
sisxlCaqceva da naWdevi
damoukidebeli gamoZiebis udides interess iwvevs Jvanias qveda
tuCis marcxena naxevarSi mdebare
sisxlCaqceva da naWdevi. eqspertiziT, naWdevi ganviTarebuli unda
iyos sikvdilis dadgomis Semdeg,
axlo periodSi.
Tumca eqsperti maia nikoleiSvili ambobs, rom daskvnaSi aseTi Canaweris arseboba tendenciurobaze
mianiSnebs, radgan sisxlCaqceva SeiZleba ganviTardes rogorc sicocxleSi, aseve sikvdilis Semdeg
mokle droSic, magram, radgan eqspertiza yovelgvari damatebiTi
garemoebebis gareSe dazianebas sikvdilis Semdeg dros miakuTvnebs,
igulisxmeba, rom arsebobs direqtiva da arasasurvelia dazianebis
sikvdilamdeli periodiT daTariReba...
Jvanias da usupovis sisxlSi
naxSirbad-hemoglobinis maRali pocentis mizezi gazis gamaTbobeli
rom ar iyo, Zlierdeba monaTxrobiT, romlis mixedviTac usupovs
mkerdis areSi nanemsarebi hqonda.
monaTxrobis avtorebi ki arian pirebi, romlebmac usupovis gvami uSualod daaTvalieres.
mTavari ki, razec damoukidebeli
gamoZiebisTvis ubeduri SemTxveva
saeWvo xdeba, esaa TiTis anabeWdebi
- binaSi, sadac gamoZiebis versiiT,
premier-ministrma ukanaskneli Rame
gaatara, sadac ivaxSma da cotaodeni sasmelic miirTva, gamoZiebis
mier amoRebul arc erT nivTze,
arc erT saganze zurab Jvanias da
raul usupovis TiTis anabeWdebi
ar aRmoCnda.
ra gavlenas iqoniebs damoukidebeli gamoZieba Jvania-usupovis saqmeze, es mokle droSi gamoCndeba.
Tavad vaxtang komaxiZe ki acxadebs:
”ar vici, ra reagireba mohyveba. es
maTi mosafiqrebeli da mosamoqmedebelia. pasuxi ki namdvilad sWirdeba”.
lali rozomaSvili
3
Cemo Zvirfasebo, Cemo Tanamemamuleno,
dRes, Cven erTad vwerT saqarTvelos istorias. am qalaqis
kedlebs, Cveni qalaqis kedlebs
Zalian bevri ram axsovT. Cveni
amayi, Cveni usazRvrod lamazi
samSoblo saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi iyo mravali damyroblis
saTareSo arena. ar darCenila
msoflioSi arc erTi imperia,
romelsac ar moetana aq sisxli,
ngreva, mcdeloba qarTveli eris
ganadgurebisa. am kedlebs axsovT romaelebi, bizantielebi, osmalebi, sparselebi, monRolebi, rusebi - veravin ver gagvanadgura.
Cven dRes aq vdgavarT, amayad vdgavarT da vdgavarT Tavisuflebi.
Cveni istoriis ganmavlobaSi araerTi didi saxelmwifos lideri Camosula, Camosula rogorc
dampyrobeli, Camosula rogorc
dammonebeli, Camosula imisaTvis,
rom kidev metad daengria, kidev
metad daemcirebina, kidev meti
Seuracxyofa mieyenebina Cveni
erisTvis. maTi aq Camosvla iyo
mxolod sisxlis da ngrevis momtani. dRes pirvelad Cveni qveynis istoriaSi Cvens gverdiT
Tqvens winaSe dgas saxelmwifos
lideri, romelic aris msoflios uZlieresi saxelmwifo da
dgas rogorc megobari, rogorc
partniori, rogorc mokavSire, rogorc TanamebrZoli, rogorc adamiani, visi Camosvla gvaxarebs
TiToeul Cvengans da visi misalmebac saamayoa CemTvis, rogorc
qveynis prezidentisTvis, mogesalmebiT batono prezidento.
batono prezidento,
ramdenime dRis win Tqven iyaviT holandiaSi, raTa mogenaxulebinaT amerikeli jariskacebis
sasaflao. Tqvenamde ori dRiT
adre me viyavi teqselze, holandiaSi. Zalian bevrma ar icis
msoflioSi, rom meore msoflio
omis bolo brZola evropaSi ibrZoles qarTvelebma. 620 maTgani
gmirulad daeca evropisa da mTeli msoflios TavisuflebisTvis
da isini gamovidnen gamarjvebulni. Cvenma xalxma SesaZlebelze meti gaakeTa evropis gaTavisuflebisTvis. Cveni filosofosi, moazrovne da sasuliero moRvawe grigol feraZe, romelic gaeqca bolSevikebs poloneTSi da romelic Casves osvencimSi imis gamo, rom icavda
ebrael bavSvebs dapatimrebisgan,
ebraeli bavSvis nacvlad Sevida
gazis kameraSi da daiRupa gmirulad am bavSvis da mTeli evropis TavisuflebisTvis. da bolos, SeiZleba am dReebSi amaze
bevri ar gaxsenebiaT sxvagan, magram raixstagze, germanul raixstagze, hitleris raixstagze
droSa aRmarTa meliton qanTariam, qarTvelma, Cvenma Tanamemamulem da Cven amiT yvelani Zalian vamayobT. qarTvelebi yvelgan vibrZodiT TavisuflebisTvis,
magram saqarTvelos am brZolebis Sedegad Tavisufleba ar moupovebia.
Tumca, Cven aq ar SevkrebilvarT warsulze sasaubrod. dRes
jorj buSis aq yofna aris das-
4
prezident
saakaSvilis
gamosvla
Tavisuflebis
moedanze
amerika daicavs
saqarTvelos erTianobas
turi imisa, ra SeuZlia erTianobas, ra SeuZlia TavisuflebisTvis erTian swrafvas, Cvens
erTsulovnebas, Cvens erT muStad Sekrul xelisuflebas. pirvelad saqarTvelos hyavs mTavroba, romelic usmens xalxs, romelic usmens xalxs nacvlad
imisa, rom karnaxobdes mas Tavis
nebas, es aris mTavroba, romelic
scems Tqven azrs pativs, es aris
mTavroba, romelic emsaxureba
xalxs imis nacvlad, rom Zarcvavdes da aCanagebdes mas da,
rac mTavaria, es aris mTavroba,
romelic angariSvaldebulia TiTeuli Tqvenganis winaSe, srulad aqvs gacnobierebuli pasuxismgebloba Cveni Svilebis momavlis winaSe. ukanaskneli 18
Tvis ganmavlobaSi warsuls Cabarda dro, rodesac Cveni axalgazrdebi midiodnen saqarTvelodan, radgan aq aranairi perspeqtiva ar iyo. SarSandeli weli
iyo pirveli weli, roca meti
qarTveli dabrunda saqarTveloSi,
vidre miatoves saqarTvelos farglebi. warmatebuli Svilebi,
warmatebuli qarTvelebi brundebian Tavisi qveynis dasaxmareblad Tavisi samSoblos asaRorZineblad. warsuls Cabarda
dro, rodesac korumpirebuli, gazuluqebuli moxeleebi sisxls
wovdnen Cvens xalxs. warsuls
Cabarda aWaraSi tiraniis dro.
warsuls Cabarda adamianebis uflebebis darRvevis dro. warsuls Cabarda dro, rodesac Cven
vcxovrobdiT saxelmwifoSi, romelsac ar SeeZlo daecva Tavisi Tavi, hqonoda sakuTari sazRvrebi, ar SeeZlo daecva sakuTari xalxi. magram me minda
giTxraT erTi ram, yvelas erTad
gvakisria pasuxismgebloba Cveni
samSoblos winaSe, yvelas erTad
gvaqvs pasuxismgebloba demokratiis gavrcelebis winaSe mTels
msoflioSi, dawyebuli belorusiidan, romlis xalxi imsaxurebs Tavisuflebas da Cven videgiT ukraineli xalxis gverdiT,
Cven videgiT sxva xalxis gverdiT - dawyebuli CrdiloeT koreidan, kubidan da es aris demokratiis mxardaWera. saqarTvelo iqneba amerikis mTavari partniori yofil sabWoTa sivrceSi da axlo aRmosavleTSi demokratiis gavrcelebis saqmeSi.
es aris Cveni SemoTavazeba TqvenTvis, batono prezidento.
batono prezidento,
Cven viziarebT Tqvens rwmenas,
rom demokratiuli cvlilebebis nayofebi aRmocendeba axlo
aRmosavleTSi da niSnad imisa,
rom eraySic iqneba demokratia,
rom eraySic arian TiTze melanwasmuli xalxi, aris iseTive amaRelvebeli sayurebeli, rogorc
vardebiT xelSi gamosuli xalxi. me minda mivesalmo im qarTvelebs, vinc amerikelebis gverdiT mxardamxar msaxuroben eraySi isini aq arian warmodgenilni da me minda yvelam erTad
mivesalmoT Cven Tanamemamuleebs,
romliTac Cven Zalian vamayobT.
Cven qarTvelebi siamayiT geubnebiT Tqven amerikelebs: Cven mudmivad Tqvens gverdiT viqnebiT
TavisuflebisaTvis, demokratiisTvis da usafrTxoebisTvis brZolis saqmeSi. Tavisuflebis dacva,
saqarTvelos mraval-eTnikuri
kultura aris Cveni erT-erTi
mTavari siZliere. dRes Cven mTeli msoflios dasanaxad kidev
erTxel vuwvdiT Zmobis, megobrobis xels Cvens afxaz da os
Zmebs da debs. Cven ar gvinda omi,
Cven gvinda mSvidoba erTiani saqarTvelos farglebSi. me minda
maTTan erTad maTi Rirsebis, maTi identurobis dacva da erTad brZola Cveni qveynisTvis.
me minda mivmarTo amerikas, me
mamuli
minda (dRes mTeli msoflio uyurebs) mTeli msoflios gasagonad giTxraT: maSin, rodesac 1990wlebis dasawyisSi saqarTvelos
damoukidebloba axali mopovebuli iyo, rodesac xalxs fizikurad Sioda, puri cxveboda amerikuli xorbliT, romelsac amerika gvaZlevda usasyidlod. me
minda madloba giTxraT, patono
prezidento, maSin am daxmarebisTvis. rodesac sami wlis win
saqarTvelos teritoria daibomba
da Cveni mSvidobiani mosaxleoba daiRupa, amerika iyo erTaderTi qveyana, romelmac aimaRla xma
saqarTvelos dasacavad da uTxra yvela Cvens mezobels, rom
wiTeli xazi gadis kavkasiis qedze, imis iqiT aravis araferi esaqmeba, es aris damoukidebeli da
Tavisufali qveyana. me minda madloba giTxraT, batono prezidento da amerikelebo, amisaTvis.
rodesac Cven yvelani gamovediT
am moedanze Cveni Tavisuflebisa
da Rirsebis dasacavad, amerika
iyo pirveli qveyana, vinc gverdiT daudga qarTvelebs TavisuflebisTvis brZolis saqmeSi da
Cven gvinda madloba giTxraT
amisaTvis, batono prezidento. magram saqarTvelosTvis jer kidev
Zalian mniSvnelovania amerikis
daxmareba. miuxedavad vardebis
revoluciis warmatebisa saqarTveloSi, aris mxareebi, sadac adamianebs warTmeuli aqvT Tavisufleba. Cven unda davamTavroT afxazeTSi da cxinvalis regionSi
mcxovreb Cvens moqalaqeTa izolaciaSi yofna, mivceT maT Tanabari SesaZlebloba ganviTardnen
Tavisuflebis, demokratiis, erTianobis pirobebSi. Cven dRes
amerikis prezidentma, rogorc arc
erTi sxva saxelmwifos liderma, xmamaRla kidev erTxel mTeli msoflios gasagonad Tqva,
rom saqarTvelo iqneba erTiani
da amerika daicavs saqarTvelos
erTianobasa da mTlianobas. me
weRan mogaxseneT, rom Cven gvWirdeba usafrTxoebis damatebiTi
garantiebi Cveni demokratiis, Cveni
Tavisuflebis SesanarCuneblad.
amisaTvis saqarTvelom myarad
Tqva, mTelma qarTvelma xalxma
myarad Tqva, rom saqarTvelo unda gaxdes nato-s Crdiloatlantikuri aliansis wevri da prezidentma buSma dRes kidev erTxel
gamoxata Ria mxardaWera saqarTvelos natoSi gawevrianebisaTvis. ra Tqma unda, Cven kidev
grZeli gza unda gaviaroT demokratiuli reformebis kuTxiT,
Cven bevri gvaqvs gasakeTebeli.
batono prezidento,
gasul zamTars (es iyo pirveli zamTari Cveni demokratiuli revoluciis Semdeg) me mqonda SesaZlebloba mesmina Tqveni
meore sainauguracio gamosvlisTvis. me maxsovs Tqveni sityvebi
- “yvelam, vinc cxovrobs tiraniaSi da uimedobaSi, unda icodes, aSS ar daxuWavs Tvals Tqvens
Seviwroebaze, ar apatiebs maT, vinc
gCagravT Tqven, Tqven, romlebic
aRsdgebiT Tqveni TavisuflebisTvis, Cven amerikelebi mudam davdgebiT Tqvens gverdiT.” im saRamos me megona, rom Tqven piradad me mommarTavdiT, Cvens xalxs
momarTavdiT, Cvens Tavisuflebaze saubrobdiT, Cvens warmatebaze laparakobdiT, Cven demokratias icavdiT, iseve rogorc yvela mezobeli xalxis demokratias da Tqven Tqveni sityva dRes
SeasruleT. dRes mTeli msoflios dasanaxad amerika, romelic idga Cvens gverdiT revoluciis dros, dgas dRes mravali Tbiliselis, mravali qarTvelis winaSe da dRes aq aris
150 000-ze meti adamiani. dRes,
Tqven dgaxarT aq Cvens gverdiT,
rogorc sityvis kaci da rogorc
Cveni megobari. me minda Tavisuflebis moedanze mTeli eris
saxeliT mivesalmo msoflios
liders, romelsac rogorc aravis, udidesi wvlili miuZRvis
TavisuflebisTvis brZolis saqmeSi. mivesalmo mas, rogorc Cvens
did mxardamWers da Cvens did
megobars, rogorc TavisuflebisTvis mebrZols - Welcome to
Georgia Mr. President.
gasuli wlis seqtemberSi saqarTvelos parlamentma daawesa
wminda giorgis saxelobis ordeni saqarTvelosTvis winaSe gansakuTrebuli damsaxurebebisTvis.
Cven am periodis ganmavlobaSi
es ordeni aravisTvis gadagvicia,
Tumca, ra Tqma unda, ar vicodiT
SarSan, rom prezidenti buSi aq
Camovidoda. me minda saqarTvelos Tavisuflebis ganmtkicebaSi, saqarTvelos demokratiis ganmtkicebaSi, mTels postsabWoTa
sivrcesa da axlo aRmosavleTSi demokratiisTvis brZolaSi
Setanili gansakuTrebuli wvlilisTvis am axali qarTuli ordenis pirvel mimRebad, wminda
giorgi ordenis kavalerad gamovacxado aSS-is prezidenti baton jorj buSi da Tqveni saxeliT gadavce mas es ordeni.
didi madloba daxvedrisaTvis!
Tavisufali qveynis moqalaqeebi,
lora da me am mxareSi vimyofebodiT da TqvenTan Camosvlac gadavwyviteT, raTa gveTqva - gamarjoba!
gadavwyviteT im xalxis gverdiT
dgoma, romelmac TavisuflebisaTvis brZolaSi udidesi suliskveTeba da gambedaoba gamoiCina.
Tqven liderebi xarT. lora da
me vamayobT, rom qarTveli xalxis
gverdze, swored im adgilas vdgavarT, romelmac saamayo saxeli, Tavisuflebis moedani daimsaxura.
rodesac 16 wlis winaT, aq qarTveli xalxi Seikriba, am moedans
sxva saxeli hqonda.
leninis civi gamoxedvis qveS
aTasobiT qarTveli loculobda
Relavda da moiTxovda damoukideblobas.
sabWoTa armiam gaJlita protestis dRe, magram maT ver SesZles
qarTuli sulis ganadgureba.
momdevno wels qarTvelebi dabrundnen am moedanze da leninis
Zegli Camoagdes.
1991 wlis 9 aprils Tqven msoflios gamoucxadeT, rom sabWoTa saqarTvelo aRar arsebobs da Tavisufali saqarTvelos dabadeba amcneT!
im istoriul dRes Tqven damoukidebloba aRidgineT, magram imediani dasawyisi, romelic Tqven
wamoiwyeT, ar asrulda.
18 Tvis winaT, qarTvelebi am
moedans isev daubrundnen, raTa 1989
wels wamowyebuli saqme, Rirseulad daesrulebinaT.
Tqven aq vardebiT SeikribeT da
rwmeniT SeiaraRebulebma Tavisufleba moiTxoveT.
Tqveni moqmedebebis Sedegad saqarTvelo dRes Tavisufali da
damoukidebeli qveyanaa, romelic
am regionSi da mTels msoflioSi
sanimuSo magaliTs warmoadgens.
es gza ar aris ioli, magram Tqven
ar mogiwevT am gzis marto gavla!
amerikelebi pativs scemen Tqvens
mamac arCevans, Tavisuflebis mopovebisaTvis.
Tavisufali da demokratiuli
saqarTvelos Senebisas amerikeli
xalxi Tqvens gverdiTaa!
Tqven aSenebT Tavisufal momavals Tqveni Svilebisa da SviliSvilebisaTvis da igive miznebis ganxorcielebaSi sxva qveynebsac exmarebiT.
rodesac avRaneli xalxi sakuTari qveynis pirvel prezidents
irCevda, qarTveli jariskacebi iq
usafrTxoebas uzrunvelyofdnen.
rodesac eraySi teroristuli
Zaladoba gamZafrda, saqarTvelom
Tavisi gambedaoba aCvena - eraySi
Tqveni jaris raodenoba xuTjer
gazardeT.
erayelebi, amerikelebi da Tqveni
koaliciuri mokavSireebi amisaTvis madlobeli arian.
Tqveni udidesi wvlili SegaqvT TavisuflebisaTvis brZolaSi, magram yvelaze mniSvnelovani
wvlili Tqvenive magaliTia.
bolo Tveebis ganmavlobaSi mTeli msoflio gaocebulia imedismomcemi cvlilebebiT, romelic mimdinareobs baRdadidan beiruTamde
da beiruTidan biSkekamde, magram
sanam eraySi iasamnisferi revolucia moxdeboda, titebis revo-
...They could not crush
the Georgian spirit
maT ver SesZles
qarTuli sulis ganadgureba
lucia yirgizeTSi da narinjisferi revolucia ukrainaSi, manamde saqarTveloSi vardebis revolucia moxda.
Tqveni suliskveTeba atyobinebs
mTels msoflios, rom Tavisuf-leba
iqneba yoveli erisa da msoflioSi
yvela adamianis momavali.
Tavisufali sazogadoebis Seneba Taobebis samsaxuria. TiTqmis
15 weli daWirda brZolas, sanam am
qveyanaSi Tavisufleba da samarTlianoba moikidebda fexs.
weliwadnaxevris winaT, am moedanze gamosul bevr students da
ubralo adamians - umetesad axalgazrdebs, 1989 wlis saprotesto
aqciebi naklebad emaxsovrebodaT,
magram maT TavianTi mSoblebis dawyebuli saqme daasrules.
amJamad kavkasiis, centraluri
aziisa da aRmosavleTis qveynebSi
Cven igives vxedavT - Tavisuflebis wyurvils, romelic axalgazrdebis gulis wadilia.
isini Tavisuflebas moiTxoven
da moipoveben kidevac mas.
rogorc Tavisufal qveynebs, amerikasa da saqarTvelos didi pasuxismgebloba gaaCnia da Cvens movaleobebs erTad SevasrulebT.
Tavisufali sazogadoebebi mSvidobian sazogadoebebs warmoadgenen. milionobiT adamianebisaTvis
aq gancdili Tavisuflebis miniWebiT Cven win wavwevT Tavisuflebisa da mSvidobis mopovebis
safuZvels.
Cveni movaleobebic TavisuflebisaTvis globalur brZolaSi iwyeba, Tumca mSvidobian revoluciebs represiuli reJimebis Camogdeba SeuZlia, WeSmarit amocanas
ki, Tavisufali institutebis ganviTareba warmoadgens.
es rTuli saqmea da Tqven amas
Rirseulad, gabedulad arTmevT Tavs!
ekonomikuri reformis gansaxorcieleblad da korufciis aRmosafxvrelad sakmaod rTuli nabijebi gadadgiT.
Tqven demokratiul sazogadoebas aSenebT, sadac umciresobebis
uflebebi daculia.
Tavisufali presa yvavis, qveyana
miesalmeba Zlier opozicias da
erToba TavisuflebiT miiRweva.
am axal saqarTveloSi kanonis
uzenaesoba gaimarjvebs da Tavisufleba TiToeuli moqalaqis ufleba iqneba!
es iyo Tqveni awgardacvlili
premier-ministris Jvanias ocneba,
romelmac odesRac Tqva, SemTxveviT ar momxdara, rom Cven ori Zalze mniSvnelovani idea avirCieT. es
idea ”Tavisufleba da pasuxismgebloba” Cvens lozungad iqca. dRes
Cven qeds vixriT am udidesi qarTveli patriotis winaSe, romelic globaluri demokratiuli revoluciis didi lideri gaxda!
Tavisufali da pasuxismgeblobis grZnobiT gamsWvaluli sazogadoebis SenebiT mis xsovnas Tqven
pativs miagebT da mis memkvidreobas agrZelebT!
Tqvens qveyanaSi Tavisufali
sazogadoebis SenebiT, is kavSirebi, romlebic Cvens qveynebs aerTianebs, ufro gaRrmavdeba.
Cvens pativs vcemT saqarTvelos
survils SeuerTdes evropis institutebs da mxars vuWerT nato-sTan Tqvens mWidro TanamSromlobas.
saqarTvelos liderebma ician,
rom konfliqtebis mSvidobianad
mogvareba aucilebelia Tqveni
trans-atlantikur aliansSi integraciisaTvis.
amave dros, saqarTvelos damoukideblobasa da teritoriul mTlianobas yvela qveyana unda sces
pativi.
istoriul epoqaSi, sadac Tavisufleba Savi zRvidan kaspiis
zRvisken miiwevs, sparseTis yureSi
da ufro Sorsac, rodesac mTel
msoflioSi xedavT TavianTi qveynebis droSebiT mofriale Tavisufali xalxis moednebze Sekrebebs, romlebic RmerTis mier miniWebul uflebas moiTxovs, am dros,
Tqven ukve SegiZliaT miRweuliT
iamayoT.
es TqveniT aris gamowveuli da
Tqveni warmatebis magaliTze maTac didi imedi eZlevaT!
WeSmariti Tavisuflebis Senebisas unda icodeT, rom qarTul
miwaSi Tqvens mier daTesili Tavisuflebis Tesli mTels msoflioSi Rvivdeba!
me aq Camovedi, raTa Tqveni gambedaobisTvis madloba gadagixadoT!
amerikeli xalxi afasebs Tqvens
megobrobas da moxiblulia Tqveni
simtkiciT!
yvela amerikelis saxeliT gixdiT madlobas! RmerTma daglocoT! saqarTvelos gaumarjos!
mamuli
Mr. President, thank you for that
introduction. Citizens of a free Georgia, Laura and I were in the neighborhood - we thought we`d swing
by and say gamarjoba.
I am proud to stand beside a
President who has shown such
spirit, determination, and leadership in the cause of freedom. And
Laura and I are proud to stand with
the courageous people of Georgia,
in this place that has earned a
proud name - Freedom Square.
When Georgians gathered here
16 years ago, this square had a
different name. Under Lenin`s steely gaze, thousands of Georgians
prayed and sang, and demanded
their independence. The Soviet army crushed that day of protest, but
they could not crush the spirit of
the Georgian people.
The following year, Georgians
returned to this square and pulled
down the statue of Lenin. And on
April 9th, 1991, you declared to the
world that Soviet Georgia was no
more, and that the independent
nation of Georgia was born. On that
historic day, you reclaimed your
sovereignty, but the hopeful start
you made was not fulfilled. So 18
months ago, Georgians returned
to this square to complete the task
you began in 1989. You gathered
here armed with nothing but roses
and the power of your convictions,
and you claimed your liberty. And
because you acted, Georgia is today both sovereign and free, and a
beacon of liberty for this region and
the world.
The path of freedom you have
chosen is not easy, but you will not
travel it alone. Americans respect
your courageous choice for liberty.
And as you build a free and democratic Georgia, the American people
will stand with you.
You are building a free future for
your children and grandchildren,
and you are helping other nations
to do the same. When the Afghan
people defied terrorists to vote in
that nation`s first free presidential
elections, Georgian soldiers were
there to provide security. And last
year - and last year, when terrorist
violence in Iraq was escalating,
Georgia showed her courage. You
increased your troop commitment
in Iraq fivefold. The Iraqi people are
grateful, and so are your American
and coalition allies.
You are making many important
contributions to freedom`s cause,
but your most important contribution is your example. In recent months, the world has marveled at the
hopeful changes taking place from
Baghdad to Beirut to Bishkek. But
before there was a Purple Revolution in Iraq, or an Orange Revolution in Ukraine, or a Cedar Revolution in Lebanon, there was the Rose
Revolution in Georgia.
Your courage is inspiring democratic reformers and sending a message that echos across the world:
Freedom will be the future of every
nation and every people on Earth.
Building a free society is the
work of generations. It took nearly
15 years of struggle before liberty
and justice fully took root in this
country. Many of the students and
workers who gathered here on this
square 18 months ago were too
young to remember the protests of
1989, but they took up freedom`s
cause and finished the work that
their parents had begun.
Now, across the Caucasus, in
Central Asia and the broader Middle East, we see the same desire
for liberty burning in the hearts of
young people. They are demanding their freedom - and they will
have it.
As free nations, the United States and Georgia have great responsibilities, and together, we will do
our duty. Free societies are peaceful societies. And by extending liberty to millions who have not known
it, we will advance the cause of
freedom, and we will advance the
cause of peace.
In this global struggle for liberty,
our duties begin at home. While
peaceful revolutions can bring
down repressive regimes, the real
changes and the real challenge is
to build up free institutions in their
place. This is difficult work, and you
are undertaking it with dignity and
determination. You have taken tough steps to reform your economy
and to crack down on corruption.
You are building a democratic society where the rights of minorities
are respected, where a free press
flourishes, a vigorous opposition
is welcome, and unity is achieved
through peace. In this new Georgia,
the rule of law will prevail, and
freedom will be the birthright of
every citizen.
This was a dream of your late
Prime Minister Zhvania who once
said, “It is not by mere chance that
we have adopted two very important
ideas as our watch words: freedom
and responsibility“. Today, we pay
tribute to this Georgian patriot who
became a great leader of the global
democratic revolution. In building
a free and responsible society, you
honor his memory and you carry
on his legacy.
As you build free institutions at
home, the ties that bind our nations
will grow deeper, as well. We respect Georgia`s desire to join the
institutions of Europe. We encourage your closer cooperation with
NATO. Georgia`s leaders know
that the peaceful resolution of conflict is essential to your integration
into the transatlantic community. At
the same time, the sovereignty and
territorial integrity of Georgia must
be respected - the territorial and
sovereignty of Georgia must be respected by all nations.
We are living in historic times
when freedom is advancing, from
the Black Sea to the Caspian, and
to the Persian Gulf and beyond. As
you watch free people gathering in
squares like this across the world,
waving their nations` flags and
demanding their God-given rights,
you can take pride in this fact: They
have been inspired by your example and they take hope in your success.
As you build freedom in this
country, you must know that the
seeds of liberty you are planting in
Georgian soil are flowering across
the globe. I have come here to thank
you for your courage. The American
people value your friendship, and
admire your determination. On
behalf of all Americans, thank you,
God bless you. Sakartvelos
gaumarjos.
5
batono prezidento, am istoriul RonisZiebasTan dakavSirebiT, minda mogesalmoT.
rogorc miTxres saqarTvelos quCebSi Tqvens dasaxvedrad 150 aTasamde adamiania
Sekrebili.
msurs mogaxsenoT, rom saqarTvelos istoriaSi es uprecendento SemTxvevaa da
Tqveni vizitis mniSvnelobaze
metyvelebs.
guSin aeroportTan swored
is xalxi naxeT, romelic quCaSi
Tqvens dasaxvedrad gamovida.
es CrdiloeT korea ar aris.
Cven ar SegviZlia mosaxleoba movatyuoT da mcdari informacia mivawodoT.
es piradad CemTvis Zalze
amaRelvebeli iyo.
am SenobasTan 18 Tvis winaT,
demokratiisa da misi principebis dasacavad 180 aTasi adamiani Seikriba.
vardebis revoluciis Semdeg, usafrTxoebis sferoSi gaweuli daxmarebebisa da demokratiis ganviTarebis mxriv,
saqarTvelos mimarT arc erT
qveyanas iseTi mxardaWera ar
gamouxatavs, rogorc amerikis
SeerTebul Statebs.
am TvalsazrisiT qarTvelebi
amerikelebis mimarT madlierebas mudmivad gamoxataven.
msurs mivesalmo amerikis
SeerTebuli Statebis prezidents!
amerikasa da saqarTvelos
Soris partniorobas udidesi
mniSvneloba eniWeba, aqedan gamomdinare, Cveni urTierToba,
milsadenebis proeqtebsa da
sxva strategiul sakiTxebze
ufro mniSvnelovania.
es Tavisuflebisa da demokratiis principebis gaziarebasa da liberaluri Rirebulebebis damkvidrebas Seexeba.
prezidenti buSi is pirovnebaa, romelic am sakiTxs udides mniSvnelobas aniWebs da
misi aqtiuri mxardamWeria.
prezidenti buSi saqarTvelos imitom ewvia, rom Cveni
mosazrebebi erTmaneTs emTxveva - Tavisuflebismoyvare adamians tiraniis pirobebSi arseboba ar SeuZlia.
orivem viciT, rom Tavisufleba maTgan unda davicvaT, visac misi SezRudva surs.
Cveni erToba ki, gvaZlierebs
da imeds gvaZlevs, rom ufro
met Sedegs mivaRwioT.
swored amitom 800 qarTveli jariskaci mokavSireTa Zalebs exmareba, eraySi ibrZvis
im Zalis dasamarcxeblad, romelTa mTavari mizani xalxis
damoneba, daSineba da xocvaa.
amitom arian qarTvelebi avRaneTSi natos misiiT.
aqedan gamomdinare, Zalian
vafasebT imas, rom amerika, ukrainis msgavsad, saqarTvelos
natosTan integracias mxars
uWers.
amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi aseve mxars uWers saqarTvelos teritoriul
mTlianobas, mis suverenitets
saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis
mier aRiarebul sazRvrebSi.
Cven vafasebT am mxardaWeras da udides pasuxismgeblobas vgrZnobT.
Cven vapirebT, rom mSvidobianad gadavwyvitoT problemebi, romlebic samxreT oseTisa
6
saqarTvelo Zalian
amayia, rom Tqven
am patara miwaze
CamobrZandiT
CamobrZandiT!!
mixeil saakaSvili
da afxazeTis konfliqtebTan
- am regionebis mosaxleobasa
da teritoriebTan aris dakavSirebuli.
yvelafers gavakeTebT imisaTvis, rom demokratiuli procesebi, mimdinare reformebi ufro farTomasStabiani gavxadoT, raTa saqarTveloSi cxovreba ukeTesi gaxdes.
amas garda miviswrafviT, rom
yvela mezobel qveyanasTan megobruli urTierToba davamkvidroT da darwmunebuli varT,
rom amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis mxardaWeriT yvela am
sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis sakiTxs gadavwyvetT.
batono prezidento, Tqven
brwyinvale lideri brZandebiT!
saqarTvelo Zalian amayia,
rom Tqven am patara miwaze
CamobrZandiT!
qarTvelebs gvwams, rom stumari RvTisaa da Tqven yvelaze Zvirfasi stumari xarT!
keTili iyos Tqveni mobrZaneba!
2005
wlis
jorj buSis sityva gamarTul preskonferenciaze
smdty u.fds
vtuj,ht,b fvthbrfib=
vnis Rirsi da dasafasebe- gadoebis wevrebTan Sexved- nis mosaxleobas imisaTvis,
mogesalmebiT!
batono prezidento, upirveles yovlisa madlobeli
var Tqveni stumarTmoyvareobisTvis.
qarTuli cekva da simRera gasaocari da Tvalwarmtaci iyo, qarTuli samzareuli ki - ugemrielesi.
didi madloba msurs gadavuxado maT, vinc es yvelaferi gaakeTa.
saqarTvelos xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebTan
Zalze gulaxdili saubari
mqonda. gulaxdilia prezidenti saakaSvilic da es
me Zalian momwons.
mas uyvars demokratia da
Tavisufleba, uyvars qarTveli xalxi.
Tanamedrove istoriaSi
vardebis revolucia mniSvnelovani momenti iyo.
vardebis revoluciam Tavisufal sazogadoebaSi
cxovreba mTel msoflios
moandoma.
amgvari simamace aRniS-
10
lia. xalxis survilia gaizardos mSvidobian qveyanaSi. vafaseb im reformebsac, romlebic Tqven ganaxorcieleT.
aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelom mokle periodis ganmavlobaSi bevri ramis gakeTeba SeZlo. saqarTvelos
prezidentma icis, rom gasakeTebeli da samuSao jer
kidev bevria. demokratia ufro metad unda ganviTardes
da kanonis uzenaesoba unda
damkvidrdes.
aucilebelia Tavisufali masmediis arseboba.
prezidenti saakaSvili am
sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT ukmayofilebas gamoTqvamda da
es kargia, radgan es imas niSnavs, rom Tqven Tavisuflebi
xarT. Cvens masmediaze ukmayofilo mec xSirad var,
magram sazogadoebis winaSe
amas ar vacxadeb.
Tqveni samoqalaqo sazo-
ras mouTmenlad veli.
am xalxs Sevaxseneb, rom
maT gverdiT iseTi WeSmariti demokratiuli sazogadoebaa, romelic erovnul
umciresobebs pativs scems.
saqarTvelo mravalferovani da didi tradiciebis
mqone qveyanaa, sadac demokratia aucileblad ganviTardeba ufro metad.
Cven nato-sTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebzec visaubreT. prezidentma naTlad
gamoxata, rom saqarTvelos
am organizaciasTan integracia surs. amas Cvenc mouTmenlad veliT!
amerikasa da saqarTvelos
aliansi orive qveynisTvis
aris mniSvnelovani, radgan
Cven strategiuli urTierToba gvaqvs.
Cven gvsurs, rom qarTvelma xalxma miznebs miaRwios.
madlobas vuxdiT saqarTvelos prezidents da qvey-
rom eraysa da avRaneTSi jari danayofebi gagzavna.
Sexvedrisas sxvadasxva
regionuli problemebis
mSvidobiani gadawyvetis sakiTxsac SevexeT.
imedi maqvs, rom urTierTTanamSromlobis safuZvelze am problemis mSvidobianad mogvarebas SevZlebT.
darwmunebuli var, rom
Cveni daxmarebiT, am TvalsazrisiT saqarTvelo mniSvnelovan progress miaRwevs.
me mouTmenlad velodi
am vizits da axla, mouTmenlad veli Tavisuflebis
moedanze gasvlas.
es Cemi qveynis erTgvar
savizito baraTad wamovidginoT, radgan moedans Tavisuflebis saxeli aqvs.
minda kidev erTxel gadavuxado madloba saqarTvelos da vuTxra, rom
Tqven gyavT megobrebi amerikaSi!
laparakebaze saubari SeuZlebelia.
kor: - Tqven saqarTveloSi konfliqtebis mSvidobiani mogvarebis Sesaxeb da
amerikis rolis gaaqtiurebaze saubrobT. konkretulad,
riTi SeiZleba am sakiTxSi
amerika saqarTvelos daexmaeros, radgan saqarTvelos
xelisuflebas ukve arCeuli aqvs konfliqtebis mSvidobiani mogvarebis gza? konkretulad ra nabijebi SeiZleba gadadgas amerikam? fiqrobT Tu ara, rom am konfliqtebis mTavari problema aris
mesame Zala da es Zala ruseTia?
j. buSi: - SekiTxva exeboda imas, Tu ra saxis daxmareba SeiZleba SevTavazoT
saqarTvelos am problemebis mosagvareblad. me absoluturad darwmunebuli var,
rom saqarTvelos mTavrobas
absoluturad misaRebi strategia aqvs da Tu baton
prezidents eqneba survili
konkretuli sakiTxebi erTad ganvixiloT, amisTvis yovelTvis mzad var. mainc xazgasmiT aRvniSnav, rom saqarTvelos mTavroba wyvets im
problemebs, romlebic separatistul regionebTan aris
dakavSirebuli da Cvens gada-
wyvetilebebs Tavs ver mogaxvevT. Cven vmuSaobT adgilobrv saxelisuflebo struqturebTan, gaerosTan da
SegviZlia maqsimalurad SegiwyoT xeli problemebis
mSvidobian gadawyvetaSi. batonma prezidentma yuradReba imaze gaamaxvila, rom
saqarTvelo avtonomiur separatistul regionebs absoluturad gafarToebul
uflebebs pirdeba. rac Seexeba daxmarebas, saqarTvelos
prezidents yovelTvis SeeZleba damirekos nebismier
problemaze da me mas davexmarebi.
kor: - Tu SeaxseneT baton putins, rom ruseTis
sazRvrebTan demokratiuli
procesebis ganviTarebiT, igi
dainteresebuli unda iyos?
j. buSi: - ramdenime dRis
winaT ruseTis prezidentma
vladimer putinma Tavis ukanasknel gamosvlaSi am sakiTxebze isaubra. misi gamosvla
konstruqciuli iyo da xazi gausva demokratiis aucileblobas misi qveynisTvis.
demokratia mSvidobiani qveynebis prioriteti gaxlavT.
rodesac gaqvT mSvidobiani
qveyana da mSvidobiani mezoblebi gyavT - es aris es ruseTisTvisac sasargebloa.
saqarTvelo dResdReobiT demokratiuli, mSvidobiani qveyanaa. prezidenti aqtiurad
melaparakeboda ekonomikur
winsvlaze, mrewvelobisa da
mcire biznesis ganviTarebis
perspeqtivebze. adamianebma
unda SeZlon sakuTari moTxovnilebebis dakmayofileba da rodesac Tqven yuradRebas amaze amaxvilebT, Zalzed mniSvnelovania, rom qveyanas mSvidobiani mezoblebi hyavdes. albaT, ruseTi aucileblad gaacnobierebs
imas, rom demokratiuli qveynis mezobloba umniSvnelovanesia. aqedan gamomdinare,
yvela is sakiTxi, romelic
or qveyanas awuxebs mSvidobianad gadawydeba. kidev erTxel minda madloba movaxseno baton prezidents maspinZlobisTvis da im magaliTisTvis, Tu risi miRweva SeiZleba, rodesac adamianebs
azris gamoxatva Tavisuflad
SeuZliaT. demokratia Tavisufal sazogadoebas niSnavs.
Cven - piradad me da batoni
prezidenti Cveni SvilebisTvis da SviliSvilebisTvis
mSvidobiani samyaros, mSvidobiani msoflios SeqmnisaTvis vibrZviT. Zalian didi
madloba amisaTvis, batono
prezidento!
maisi
kiTxva-pasuxi
parlamentis SenobaSi
gamarTul prezidentTa
preskonferenciaze
kor: - SekiTxva amerikis
SeerTebuli Statebis prezidentTan meqneba - Tu gqondaT ruseTis federaciis prezidentTan saubari saqarTveloSi ruseTis samxedro bazebis Sesaxeb? mas Semdeg
rac Tqven moskovi datoveT,
ruseTis presa acxadebs, rom
es or qveyanas Soris gansaxilveli sakiTxia da aSS ar
apirebs moiTxovos stambolis gadawyvetilebis Sesruleba. rogor fiqrobT, es
marTlac saSinao da or qveyanas Soris gadasawyveti sakiTxia, Tu migaCniaT, rom am
SemTxvevaSi, saerTaSoris Tanamegobrobis zemoqmedeba ufro efeqtiani iqneba?
j. buSi: - SekiTxva ruseTis bazebis gayvanas Seexeboda. amis Sesaxeb prezident putinTan visaubreT.
man icoda, rom me saqarTveloSi Camovdiodi da vTqvi,
rom mouTmenlad velodebodi Cems megobar, saakaSvilTan stumrobas. darwmunebuli viyavi, rom samxedro bazebis gayvanis sakiTxi aucileblad wamoiWreboda. vici
rom arsebobs 1998 wlis
stambulis SeTanxmeba. prezident putinTan ruseTis bazebze saubrisas, man miTxra,
rom am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, pozitiurad aris ganwyobili. prezident putinma Tavad Semaxsena stambolis xelSekruleba, romlis mixedviTac ruseTi iRebs valdebulebas, rom rusuli bazebi
saqarTvelos teritoriidan
garkveul vadebSi gaiyvanos.
kor: - rogori damokidebuleba aqvs amerikas iseT
separatistul reJimTan dakavSirebiT, romelsac ama Tu
im qveynisgan gamoyofa surs.
j. buSi: - demokratia
mxolod mSvidobiani gziT
unda damyardes, xolo rac
Seexeba separatistul regionebs, es sakiTxi gamWvirvale midgomiT unda mogvardes. Cven mxars vuWerT avtonomiasa da TviTmarTvelobas, magram qveynis danawevrebas mxars ver davuWerT.
amerika yovelTvis demokratiisa da Tavisuflebis momxrea. saqarTvelos prezidentTan dgoma am sakiTxis mimarT Cveni damokidebulebis
erTgvari mesijia. Cven SegviZlia yvelanairi daxmareba gavuwioT partniorebs, raTa saqarTvelos sazogadoebis momavali Taobebi Tavisufal qveyanaSi gaizardon.
saakaSvili Cemi partnioria,
romelsac demokratiis gamarjvebis mtkiced swams da
am mxriv vafaseb mis wvlils!
kidev erTi msurs davamato
- me absoliturad vuWer
mxars Zlier TviTmarTvelobis institutebs, vici Tu
ras niSnavs es da ramdenad
seriozulia adamianebma sakuTari identuroba gaiTavison. rac Seexeba afxazeTs
- es ar aris demokratia, rodesac mosaxleobis erTi nawili calke cxovrebas wyvets. xolo rodesac saqmeSi
iaraRi erTveba, mSvidobian mo-
mamuli
didi prezidenti da
aRtkinebuli xalxi
uCveulo, jer arnaxuli da argagonili xdeboda TbilisSi - aRTqmul
miwad dasaxuli qveynis
prezidenti Camovida. misi xelis daqnevis, Tbili misalmebisa
da sityvebis molodinSi Tavisuflebis moedans
dilaadrianve miawyda xalxi.
TiToeuli adamianis Semowmebas
didi dro mihqonda da rigi zoziniT miiwevda win.
es ki qarTvelebs
rodis gvyvarebia.
amitomac jiqur
gaiwia xalxma, erTmaneTSi aiTqvifa didi da patara. me, piradad, xan
haerSi masavsavebines xel-fexi,
xan - lamis miwaze maTries. Semowmeba viRas axsovda, erTi
daxuvleba da... Tavisuflebis moedanze aRmoCnda zRva xalxi.
plakatebi iyo aTasnairi, bavSvuri gulubryvilobiT naxati da naweri. magaliTad, erT maTganze ori guli iyo gamosaxuli (ise, rogorc
cameti wlis gogo gadaatyupebs or guls, erTs
Tavis saxels rom waawers, meores ki - Seyvarebulisas). aqeT-iqidan
ki jorj buSisa da mixeil saakaSvilis moRimari
saxeebi iyo mixatuli.
or gogonas qarTulamerikuldroSebiani plakati eWira, romelzec
“Tbilisi-niu-iorki”
ewera. albaT, yurs xSirad xvdeboda niu-iorki, amitomac, rogorc Cans,
swored es qalaqi CaTvales aSS-s dedaqalaqad.
lafsusebi sxvebsac
gaeparaT, Tumca, sxva ram
iyo mTavari - paTosi.
- vamayob dRevandeli
dRiT. mTelma msofliom gaigo, aseT patara
qveyanas udidesi qveynis
prezidenti estumra. Tanac,
Cemi Svili amerikaSia wasuli samuSaod, amitomac
im qveynis prezidentis viziti CemTvis gansakuTrebulad sainteresoa. SeiZ-
leba, qarTvel emigrantebs
raime privilegiac mianiWos, roca naxavs, ra kargi
xalxia qarTvelebi da rogor uyvarT jorj buSi, Tqva RonisZiebaze mosulma erT-erTma qalbatonma,
medea magraqveliZem. saerTo sixaruls mis gverdiT
mdgomi meri onianic uerTdeboda - qarTuli stumarTmoyvareoba unda davanaxoT baton buSso.
marTalia, amerikis prezidentis vizitisTvis Tvalis midevneba televizoris saSualebiTac SeeZlo
yvelas, magram Tavisuflebis moedanze Takara mzis
qveS dgoma da Wyletva
arCies. am didi mov-lenis
Tanamonawileni unda vyofiliyaviTo, - ase xsnidnen
TavianT gadawyvetilebas.
Zalian gviyvars Cven
“didi kacebi”, Zalian... iqneb metismetadac ki.
moedanze Zalian bevri
bavSvi hyavdaT moyvanili
jorj buSisTvis Tvalis
mosakravad.
- ici, vin aris buSi. vekiTxebi patara giorgis.
- didi prezidentia.
prezidentebis gamosvlamde lodini koncerts unda Seevso. xangrZlivi koncerti gamovida - marTalia, Cveni estradis elitad miCneuli nawili gamovida mxolod, magram
es elitac metismetad mravalricxovania CvenSi.
raki xalxis
didi nawili gaukontroleblad
moxvda moedanze,
RonisZiebis CaSlis safrTxe Seiqmna. madloba RmerTs, prezidentebs
ganrigi ar SeucvliaT.
rogorc ki amerikis himni gaisma,
xalxs daRliloba gadaaviwyda.
mxurvale taSi aayoles himns. qarTulTan erTad
uamravi amerikuli droSa irxeoda.
mixeil saakaSvilisa
da jorj buSis sityvebma aRtacebis talRad
gadauara xalxs (Tumca,
teqnikuri xarvezis gamo, mTeli rva wuTis ganmavlobaSi batoni mixeil saakaSvilis xma mxolod masTan axlos mdgom
adamianebs esmodaT).
mixeil saakaSvilma
sapatio jildo gadasca
stumars. jorj buSi
wminda giorgis ordenis
pirveli kavaleri gaxda.
isev aJRerda amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis himni, mas ki saqarTvelos himni unda mohyoloda, magram... rbilad
rom vTqvaT, kuriozis
mowmeni gavxdiT - ramdenjerme ganmeorda erTi
da igive akordebi da
himnic Sewyda.
uxerxuli mdgomareobidan gamosavlad cocxlad simRera iqca.
Tavisuflebis moedanze Sekrebilma xalxma,
didma Tu pataram xma
aayola himns.
buSi STabeWdilebebs
kongress uziarebs
“es didebuli turne
iyo,” - ase Seafasa jorj
buSma sakuTari evropuli turne, rodesac amerikel kongresmenebs moskovSi, latviaSi, niderlandebsa da saqarTveloSi sakuTari vizitis STabeWdilebebs uziarebda.
am saubrisas
yvelaze saintereso detali ki
moskovSi Casvlas
exeboda - dasavleTSi gaxSirebuli kritikis Semdeg aSS-s liderma vladimir putini megobrad moixsenia.
“fantastikuri
SegrZnebaa, idge
150 aTasi, Tavisuflebis moyvaruli adamianis winaSe,” - ase gaixsena SeerTebuli Statebis prezidentma TbilisSi ordRiani viziti da
xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom
amerika yovelTvis exmareboda da kvlavac daexmareba im qveynebs, romlebsac tiraniis safrTxe
daemuqrebaT.
latviaSi viziti man
Zalze “STambeWdav gamocdilebad” Seafasa,
radgan SesaZlebloba mieca, Tvali edevnebina demokratiis gzaze axlad
damdgari qveynisTvis da
xalxisTvis, romelsac
Tavisufleba uyvars.
rac Seexeba niderlandebs, aSS-s liderma udidesi pativiscemiT moixsenia misi udidebulesoba dedofali beatrisi; xazi gausva SesaZleblobas, masTan erTad pativi miego meore msoflio omSi daRupuli
amerikeli jariskacebisaTvis.
buSma gacilebiT meti
dro dauTmo moskovSi
miRebuli STabeWdilebebis gaziarebas da ganacxada, rom gamarjvebis aRsaniSnav aRlumze
igi megobris gverdiT
ijda.
“me maxsovs, pataraobisas, Tu rogor vakvirdebodi wiTel moedanze
mimdinare aRlums; da ai,
me, rogorc amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis prezidenti, vzivar wiTel
moedanze da im xalxis
mimarT vamJRavneb pativiscemas, romlebic daiRupnen faSizmis damarcxebisaTvis brZolaSi;
mamuli
da me megobris gverdiT
vzivar,” - aRniSna man da
xazi gausva, rom ruseTi
ar aris SeerTebuli Statebis mteri - is megobaria, romelTan erTadac
mSvidobis dasamyareblad
muSaobs.
“rasakvirvelia, rig sakiTxebSi gansxvavebuli azri gvaqvs, magram Cven erTiani azri gvaqvs imis Taobaze, rom mSvidobisaTvis
erTad unda vimuSaoT,” ganacxada jorj buSma.
sxvaTa Soris, buSsa da
vladimir putins Soris
urTierTobaze amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saxelmwifo mdivanma kondoliza raismac isaubra da
aRniSna, rom ori qveynis
prezidentebis urTierdamokidebuleba, upirveles
yovlisa, pativiscemas eyrdnoba.
jorj buSsa da vladimir putins Soris uSualo urTierTobebia, - ganacxada man aSS-s prezidentis moskovSi vizitis komentirebisas da aRniSna,
rom es uSualoba kritikis SemTxvevaSic ar qreba.
raisis azriT, “im SemTxvevaSic ki, rodesac aris
sirTule da mosazrebebSi
gansxvaveba, maT Soris mainc megobruli damokidebulebaa”.
aSS-s saxelmwifo mdivanma telekompania “si-enen”-Tan interviuSi aseTi
ram Tqva: “rac unda didi
iyos azrTa sxvadasxvaoba,
ruseTi udidesi qveyanaa,
udidesi kulturis mqone
da bolo 15 wlis ganmavlobaSi mas giganturi
progresi hqonda”.
kondoliza raisma Tavi
valdebulad CaTvala, xazgasmiT aReniSna, rom moskovSi viziti aucilebeli
iyo, raTa enaxaT, “Tu ram-
denad Sors wavida es
saxelmwifo”.
Tumca, aSS-s saxelmwifo mdivnis teleintervius gacilebiT “emociuri” nawili saqarTveloSi vizitis
STabeWdilebebis
moyolas mieZRvna.
“SesaniSnavi turne iyo,” - ase iwyebs qalbatoni
raisi amerikeli
mayureblisTvis
STabeWdilebebis
gaziarebas. misi
TqmiT, es iyo mogzauroba, romlis
drosac prezidents saSualeba mieca, axalgazrda
demokratebi moenaxulebina. “CemTvis, rogorc sovetologisTvis,
saocari iyo im
adgilebis monaxuleba, romelic
sul raRac ori aTwleulis win “rkinis”fardis” miRma imyofeboda.
latviis SemTxvevaSi, romelic axla evrokavSirisa da nato-s wevria,
sadac demokratia cocxlad igrZnoba; da saqarTveloSi... moedanze
dgoma 150 aTasi qarTvelis winaSe, romelic Seni prezidentis saxels
gaiZaxis da amerikis droSebs afrialebs. unda
giTxraT, rom CemTvis gansakuTrebiT amaRelvebeli iyo, Jruantelmac ki
amitana, rodesac maT amerikis erovnuli himnis
simRera daiwyes qarTuli aqcentiT - saocrad
amaRelvebeli iyo iq
yofna,” - ai, aseTi emociiT savse mouTxrobda
aSS-s saxelmwifo mdivani gadacemis wamyvans
Tavis STabeWdilebebs.
lari kingma saxelmwifo mdivans “xelyumbaris istoriazec” sTxova komentaris gakeTeba,
razec qalbatoni raisis pasuxi sakmaod mSvidi iyo - “amis Sesaxeb
mogvianebiT SevityveT.
cxadia, gamoZieba mimdinareobs. vfiqrob, saqarTvelos uSiSroebis samsaxuri Cvens uwyebebTan
erTad imuSavebs imis gasagebad, Tu ra moxda.
magram es SemTxveva veranairad Secvlis imas,
rac iq xdeboda; da minda giTxraT, rom Zalian
amaRelvebeli iyo moedanze yofna.”
nino
gomarTeli
7
aprilis dasawyisSi am umSvenieres periodSi, rodesac kvirtebi feTqdeba
da are-mare saocar xibls, xalissa da optimizms unergavs yvelaze gamousworebel pesimistsac ki, gazafxulis uSreti energiiT damuxtuli, TiTqos bunebis am saocari cvalebadobis kvaldakval fexawyobili- brodveize
(Cantor Film Center) ramodenime dRis ganmavlobaSi studenturi filmebis
festivali mimdinareobda, sadac Tavis sakurso (sadiplomo) namuSevrebs
acnobdnen konomoyvarulebs niu-iorkis universitetis sutentebi, maT Soris erTi qarTvelic - levan koRuaSvili!
festivali or turad mimdinareobda. pirvelive turSi levanis filmma
`vali~ sami prizi moipova - saukeTeso samsaxiobo ansamblisaTvis, saukeTeso scenarisTvis da prodiuserisTvis, da filmi finalSi gavida, xolo
finalSi (sadac 55 filmi darCa) meore adgili moipova. Semdgomi etapi ki
iqneba gaemgzavreba holivudSi, Cveneba los-anJelesis sareJisoro wreebSi,
Sexvedrebi holivudis industriis warmomadgenlobasTan. niu-iorkis universitetis es festivali sakmaod prestiJuli da sayuradReboa. aq sadiplomo namuSevrebs Zalian seriozulad uyureben. SedarebisTvis avRniSnav,
rom pirvel adgilze gasuli 25 wuTian mxatvruli filmis biujeti 100
000$ gaxldaT, levanis filmis biujeti ki 1500$ Seadgenda. Ffestivali
prestiJulia imdenad, ramdenadac TiTqmis yvela cnobili amerikeli reJisori niu-iorkis universitetis am skolis aRzrdilia.
filmi `vali~, romelic levanma waradgina, qarTvelTa yofas exeba amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi. mTavari personaJebi (niko abazaZe, vaxo kiziria)
kuTvnil Tanxas iTxoven amerikelisgan (mark stouni), romelmac ar gadauxada Sesrulebuli samuSaos gasamrjelo, sistematiurad atyuebs maT da
bolos cudad xdeba manqanaSi. gulSewuxebul amerikels niko jibidan
amouRebs fuls, amis Semxedvare vaxo aRSfoTdeba da ukan Cadebas iTxovs.
niko ewinaaRmdegeba, Cven sakuTar Tanxas viReb, sxvisas xom arao?... bevri rom
ar gavagrZelo, Tanxas isev Caudebs jibeSi, magram saqme xom im fenomens exeba amerikaSi `birJaze” dgoma rom hqvia, mamakacTa im umZimes Sromas, romelic
maTgan ukidures fsiqologiur da fizikur datvirTvas moiTxovs. es aris
drama, romelic samwuxarod Zalian gasagebia yoveli CvenTaganisTvis.
- levan rogor gaCnda am filmis Seqmnis idea?
- universitetSi swavla mavalebs
rom yovelwliurad 10 wuTiani sakurso mxatvruli filmi gadaviRo.
ramodenime idea mqonda razedac SeiZleboda gakeTebuliyo filmi. erTerTi swored birJas exeboda. pirvel
kursze yofnis dros gavakeTe dokumenturi filmi. maSin gamokvlevas
vatarebdi qarTvel emigraciaze da
am TemiT davinteresdi. erT mSvenier
dRes `birJaze~ aRmovCndi SemTxveviT.
vizualurad saintereso adgilia.
zamTarSi, siciveSi dgas es xalxi
quCaSi, gauparsavi saxeebiT… drama
davinaxe, tkivili, romelic aris am
adgilas. daviwye fiqri imaze, Tu rogori istoriis moyola SeiZleboda.
SemdgomSi es yvelaferi movuyevi Cems
maswavlebels, araCveulebrivi pedagogs boris frumins, warmoSobiT russ,
amerikaSi. man momiwona arCevani da
mec daviwye birJaze siaruli, vcdilobdi gamego ra dinamikaa, istori-
8
ebs vgebulobdi ra xdeboda da ase
Semdeg...
-…maxsovs Tqveni gancxadeba
gazeTSi, saintereso istoriebis mqone qarTvelebi dagvikavSirdiTo...
- ara es sxva Temas exeboda, qarTuli emigraciis problemebis kvlevas,magram principSi axlos iyo gancxadeba Cems ideasTan am filmTan dakavSirebiT. veZebdi xalxs, romelic metyoda da damixatavda im siZneleebs,
rac maT gadaxdeniaT Tavs; amerikuli istoriebi rom gavakeTo, ar iqneba aseTi bunebrivi. ar iqneba is drama rac aris Cems qarTul istoriebSi. kinoSi es Zalian mniSvnelovania.
amerikuli ojaxis istoria kargad
ar vici da amitom ar viqnebi marTali da ar gamova kargi. aq Sansi
mainc maqvs da iq mgoni saerTod ar
meqneba. me mjera imisi rom unda
akeTo is, rac ici, rasac grZnob da
risic gjera, rac Senia. rasac akeTeb
ar unda iyos Caketili marto Sens
mamu l i
erToblivi proeqt
i
roeqti
gazeT `mamulsa~ da saqarTveloSi gamomaval popularul
gazeT `asaval-dasavalis~ redaqciebs Soris moxda urTierTTanamSromlobis erToblivi komunikes xelmowera.
am komunikes Sesaxeb dawvrilebiT Cveni gazeTis momaval
nomerSi mogiTxrobT, manamde ki gaecaniT erToblivi proeqtis
farglebSi momzadebul masalas.
unda akeTo is, rac ici, rasac
grZnob da risic gjera...
naWuWSi. iseTi istoria unda Seqmna,
rom yvelasTvis gasagebi iyos. Silers hqonda aseTi ganmarteba xelovnebisa: `nacionaluri ayvanili zogadsakacobriomde,~ CemTvis es yvelaze gasagebia, -esaa xelovnebis universaluri formula.
- personaJebi rogor SearCieT?
- filmi movarge or Cems megobars.
raRaca mogonilia, raRac marTali
da vecade personaJebis xasiaTSi Camesva filmis gmirebis saqcieli.
- rogorc xedavT samsaxiobo
ansambli Sesanisnavi aRmoCnda,
prizic daimsaxureT. filmSi
yvela araprofesionali msaxiobia?
- mxolod ori amerikelia profesionali. amerikaSi qarTveli profesionali msaxiobi mgoni arc aris.
Zalian momwons araprofesionalebTan muSaoba, gaamarTla kidev imaSi,
rom Tavisi midgoma aqvT, kmayofili
davrCi, SesaniSnavad iTamaSes.
- ra siZneleebTan iyo dakavSirebuli gadaRebis procesi?
- siZneleebi bevri iyo. zamTarSi,
siciveSi viRebdiT am films. megobrebs
da im xalxs vinc gadaRebaze modioda Cemi gulisTvis samsaxuri unda
gaecdina. mogexsenebaT es did uxerxulobaSi gagdebs adamians aq, amerikaSi, magram miuxedavad amisa, mainc
Zalian damidgnen gverdSi da yvelaferi gaakeTes imisTvis, rom eTamaSaT
da ganesaxierebinaT is, rac mindoda.
gadaReba mimdinareobda koni ailendze
da daemTxva is civi zamTari, romelic bolo 50 wlis manilze ar yofila amerikis istoriaSi, xom warmogidgeniaT ramdeni sirTule iqneboda?
- rogor fiqrobT ram ganapiroba filmis warmateba, maSin,
roca konkurentebma sakmaod
kargad dafinansebuli filmebi waradgines?
- albaT gansxvavebuli iyo, yvela
erTxmad aRniSnavda, rom dokumentur
films hgavda. davrwmundi imaSic, rom
Turme marto fulze da TanxaSi araa
saqme. mTavaria moaxerxo Seni saTqmelis da tkivilis gadmocema, iyos
idea da gamoxato saTqmeli bolomde.. ase rom, filmis gamarjveba samsaxiobo ansamblis erTobam, dramam,
neo-realizmma, saerTod yvela am faq-
mamuli
tis erTobliobam ganapiroba.
- vin gexmarebodaT finansurad am filmis gadaRebis dros
da saerTod rogor moxvdiT amerikaSi?
- amerikaSi 2002 wels Camovedi.
saqarTvelodan rom ar damxmarebodnen, verafers xdebodi. niu-iorkis universiteti Zalian Zviri skolaa weliwadSi 35 aTasi dolari jdeba.
saqarTvelodan yovel weliwads mexmarebodnen: badri patarkaciSvilis
fondi, levan gaCeCilaZe, daviT gamyreliZe, mamuka xazaraZe, anton ingoroyva... faqtiurad Cemi swavlis saqme maT aiRes sakuTar Tavze, mec vecade Tavi ar Semercxvina da meore
wels universitetma daminiSna stipendia, meore-mesame kursze universitetis xarjze…
- levan, Tqven telekompaniasTvis ` mze~ ramodenime filmi
gaqvT gadaRebuli...
- Cemi aq yofnis mesame wels telekompania ‘mzis~ specialuri korespondenti viyavi amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi, ‘mze~ mixdida xelfass da aqedan vagzavnidi siuJetebs. Semdeg daiwyo saintereso proeqti. eldar mdinaraZe aris prodiuseri, romelmac dokumenturi filmebis aRdgenis mimarTuleba SemoiRo
saqarTveloSi. ‘mzem~ daafinansa mTeli seria gaxmaurebuli dokumentiuri filmebisa, romlebis gadaRebuli iqna lazeTSi, saingiloSi. mec
SevTavaze msgavsi dokumenturi filmis masala da gadaviRe qarTvelTa
mier eklesiis Seqmnis Taobaze. minda
avRniSno erTi faqti, rom miuxedavad
saqarTvelos televiziis ganviTarebisa, yvelaferi mainc ratomRac sainformacio gadacemebisken midis, rac
Cemi azriT araa swori. informacia
xom zedapirulia da marto am mxriv
ganviTareba arafers niSnavs. saqarTvelos televiziaSi yovelTvis iyo
Cavardna seriozuli Janrebis. ar
aris saintereso gadacemebi, telefilmi, romelmac unda damafiqros,
miTxras, gamagebinos. xom ar SeiZleba dRe da Rame fantastika, informacia, uazroba...es aRar arsebobda saqarTveloSi da ‘mzem~ aRadgina. mec
miviRe monacileoba. pirveli filmi
gakeTda ‘saxli,~ romelic, rogorc
ukve mogaxseneT exeba emigraciis da
eklesis Seqmnas amerikaSi da saerTod qarTvel emigrantTa problemas.
meore filmi axlaxans davamTavre,
vaSingtonis Teatrze gaxlavT, romelsac xelmZRvneloben paata da
irina wiquriSvilebi. filmi faqtiurad paatas monologi da maTi istoriaa-Tavis Tavze, Semoqmedebaze, amerikaSi yofnaze, muSaobaze, gaWirvebaze, sixarulze, tkivilze da a.S.
- samomavlo gegmebze ras
gvetyviT?
- Cems Tavs ufro saqarTveloSi
vxedav. aq SezRuduli var TemebSi.
didi-didi erTi- ori istoria gavakeTo. ra emociis gadmocemac msurs,
mxolod saqarTveloSi vxedav, magram kinos mxriv iq saSineli mdgomareobaa. jgufebis, produserebis, finansebis gaerTianeba rom moxdes, Camoyalibdes raRac erToblivi gaerTianeba - SesaniSnavi iqneboda. samomavlod ideaSi maqvs dokumenturi
filmi qarTvel qalebze, romlebic
aq muSaoben momvlelebad. Cemi azriT es gmirobaa, esaa qarTveli qalis saocari istoriaa, saqarTvelos
realuri avtoportretic. ar vici
gamomiva Tu ara, magram ideaSi maqvs,
Cemi azriT es araCveulebrivi filmis masalaa.
levanis cxovrebaSi, raRa Tqma
unda amerikamdec iyo warmatebebi.
damTavrebuli aqvs ruseTis kino instituti. misi sakurso-sadiplomo
filmi ramodenime kinofestivalze
iyo wardgenili da gamarjvebuli.
saqarTveloSi ori moklemetraJiani
filmi aqvs gadaRebuli. `mefe liri~
mTavari prizis mflobeli gaxda poloneTSi sopotis studentur kinofestivalze. amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi ki,Nniu-iorkis universitetis
sakurso namuSevrebidan, romelsac yovel weliwads iRebda, dokumenturma
filmma `mama da Svili~ safrangeTSi
sapatio sigeli daimsaxura. es warmateba ki mniSvnelovani gaxldaT imdenad, ramdenadac studentur diapazons
gascda. dResdReobiT, levani daaxlobiT Svidamde moklemetraJiani mxatvruli filmis avtoria. amas garda
sami satelevizio dokumenturi filmic aqvs gadarebuli.
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13
saqarTvelos xelisufleba acxadebs, rom saWiroa drouli da efeqturi nabijebis
gadadgma, romlis ZiriTadi mizani konfliqtis srulmasStabiani da mSvidobiani mowesrigeba iqneba. samxreT oseTis xalxisaTvis aucilebelia ganviTarebis, stabilurobisa da Rirseuli Tanacxovrebis axali etapis dawyeba.
I. samSvidobo
SeTanxmebis safuZvlebi:
qarTveli da osi xalxis
mravalsaukunovani Tanacxovrebis, erTian kulturul, teritoriul da ekonomikur sivrceSi warmatebuli Tanaarsebobis mdidari istoria;
qarTveli da osi xalxis
swrafva mSvidobis, keTildReobisa da stabiluri ekonomikuri aRmavlobisaken. turizmis, vaWrobis, soflis meurneobisa da
mrewvelobis ganviTarebis axali, myari da legaluri safuZvlebis uzrunvelyofa.
samxreT oseTSi mcxovrebi
mosaxleobisaTvis socialuri dacvis, ganaTlebis, jandacvis, legaluri ekonomikuri
saqmianobis, samuSao adgilebisa da TviTrealizaciis axali,
farTo SesaZleblobebis uzrunvelyofa;
erTiani Zlieri samarTlebrivi da samarTaldamcavi sivrcis Seqmna, kriminogenuli viTarebis gamosworeba, organizebuli danaSaulis, maT Soris iaraRiT ukanono vaWrobis, narkotrefikis, kontrabandis aRmofxvra. mosaxleobis
dacva terorizmis safrTxisa
da ukontrolo krminaluri
dajgufebebis zemoqmedebisagan;
saerTaSoriso samarTlis
mier aRiarebuli normebis aRdgena da dacva. samxreT oseTis samarTlebriv sistemaSi
dabruneba.
II. samSvidobo
SeTanxmebis pirobebi
konfliqtis orive mxare acxadebs upirobo uars Zalis
gamoyenebaze;
saqarTvelos xelisufleba srulad kisrulobs socialur valdebulebebs samxreT
oseTis mosaxleobis winaSe;
amoqmeddeba 1990-1992
wlis konfliqtSi dazaralebuli mosaxleobis mimarT qonebrivi restituciis kanoni,
yvela dazaralebul ojaxs miecema erTjeradi fuladi kompensacia.
saqarTvelos mTavroba mzad
aris erTjeradad gadauxados
samxreT oseTis mosaxleobas
1991 wlis Semdeg dagrovili
sapensio davalianeba da aseve
garantia misces yvela macxovrebels, rom maTi dRevandeli
pensiebi da socialuri SeRavaTebi ZalaSi darCeba minimum
imave raodenobiT.
samSvidobo SeTanxmebis fundamentur pirobas warmoadgens
14
saqarTvelos mTavrobis
iniciativa
samxreT oseTis konfliqtis
mSvidobian daregulirebasTan dakavSirebiT
erTa TviTgamorkvevis, kulturuli TviTmyofadobis, umciresobaTa uflebebis dacvis, saqarTvelos konstituciiT
gaTvaliswinebuli adamianis
uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis da moqalaqeTa Tanasworobis princi pebis ganuxreli dacva.
III. teritoria
samxreT oseTi aRdgeba imave sazRvrebSi, rac iyo dafiqsirebuli konfliqtis dawyebamde da moicavs cxinvalis,
javis, znauris da axalgoris
raionebs.
IV. politikuri
statusi
samxreT oseTi aris avtonomiuri erTeuli saqarTvelos teritoriis farglebSi.
samxreT oseTs xelmZRvanelobs samxreT oseTis meTauri, romelsac irCeven sayovelTao, Tanaswori da pirdapiri arCevnebis safuZvelze,
faruli kenWisyriT, samxreT
oseTis teritoriaze.
samxreT oseTs aqvs parlamenti, romelic airCeva Tavisufali da pirdapiri arCevnebis gziT.
saqarTvelos xelisufleba sTavazobs samxreT oseTis
mosaxleobas farTo adgilobriv TviTmmarTvelobas. samxreT oseTis mosaxleobis mier airCeva raionebis, qalaqebis, soflebisa da soflis sakrebuloebis xelmZRvanelebi
da administracia.
uzrunvelyofilia samxreT
oseTis warmomadgenloba saqarTvelos xelisuflebis
yvela StoSi, rac gulisxmobs
saqarTvelos saministroebSi,
departamentebSi, komitetebsa
da sxva uwyebebSi osi erovnebis moqalaqeTa farTo warmomadgenlobas.
uzrunvelyofilia samxreT
oseTis warmomadgenloba sa-
qarTvelos parlamentSi, rac
gulisxmobs samxreT oseTis
avtonomiidan deputatebis
garkveuli raodenobis warmomadgenlobas.
uzrunvelyofilia samxreT
oseTis warmomadgenelTa monawileoba sasamarTlo da konstituciuri marTlmsajulebis organoebis saqmianobaSi.
V. ena da ganaTleba
samxreT oseTis teritoriaze osur enas aqvs oficialuri enis statusi saxelmwifo enasTan erTad.
garantirebulia ganaTlebis
miReba osur enaze da ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi gadawydeba samxreT
oseTis xelisuflebis mier.
uzrunvelyofilia saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetiT osuri televiziis, radiosa da beWdviTi mediis dafinanseba.
uzrunvelyofilia saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetiT osuri kulturisa da istoriis dacvis RonisZiebebis
dafinanseba.
V. socialuri da ekonomikuri reabilitacia
saqarTvelos xelisufleba uzrunvelyofs samxreT
oseTis ekonomikur reabilitacias da gamoyofs saTanado
Tanxebs saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetidan sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis infrastruqturis sareabilitaciod,
rac gulisxmobs saavtomobilo gzebis, rkinigzis, eleqtro-gadamcemi xazebis, gazsadenis, kavSirgabmulobis (satelefono xazebi, mobiluri
kavSiri), tele-radio mauwyeblobis aRdgenas.
saqarTvelos mTavroba
mxars uWers ekonomikuri
aRorZinebis miznobrivi programebis ganxorcielebas, romelTa mizania mcire da saSualo biznesis ganviTareba da
mamuli
dasaqmebisa da Semosavlis adgilobrivi mdgradi wyaroebis
Seqmna.
Seiqmneba samxreT oseTis
ekonomikuri mxardaWeris fondi. misi dafinanseba ganxorcieldeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetis saxsrebisa da
saerTaSoriso donorebis Semowirulobebis xarjze. fondis marTva da prioritetebis gansazRvra ganxorcieldeba erToblivad centraluri da samxreT oseTis xelisuflebis mier, saerTaSoriso organizaciebis warmomadgenelTa monawileobiT.
saqarTvelos mTavroba mzad
aris ganixilos samxreT oseTis teritoriaze specialu-
ri ekonomikuri zonis Seqmnis sakiTxi.
VI. samarTlebrivi
sakiTxebi
konfliqtis mogvarebis
procesSi gamocxaddeba samwliani gardamavali periodi.
gardamavali periodis mimdinareobis zedamxedvelobas
ganaxorcieleben saerTaSoriso organizaciebi.
gardamaval etapze Seiqmneba saerTaSoriso organizaciebis egidis qveS moqmedi Sereuli qarTul-osuri policia/milicia.
es policia/milicia uzrunvelyofs moqalaqeebis usafrTxoebas da gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebas.
Seiqmneba erToblivi komisia samxedro danaSaulebis gamosaZieblad, romelic miiRebs
gadawyvetilebas damnaSaveebis
bedis Sesaxeb.
saqarTvelos mTavroba uzrunvelyofs saqarTvelo-ruseTis sazRvris samxreT oseTis monakveTze gamartivebuli sasazRvro reJimis dadgenas adgilobrivi mosaxleobisaTvis, rac gulisxmobs samxreT oseTis mosaxleobis
CrdiloeT oseTis mimarTulebiT da piriqiT Tavisufal
gadaadgilebas.
saqarTvelos mTavroba uzrunvelyofs yvela im piris
dabrunebas, romelmac konfliqtis Sedegad miatova saqarTvelo.
yvela im pirisaTvis, romelmac gadawyvita dabruneba, saqarTvelos mTavroba uzrunvelyofs gansaxlebisaTvis saWiro finansur daxmarebas.
ukomentarod
samSoblo
rogorc ufali,
samSobloc erTia qveyanazeda!
mocemuli naSromi warmoadgens mTeli rigi mkvlevarebisa da saxelmwifo moRvaweebis (ivane javaxiSvili,
akaki uruSaZe, levan sanikiZe,
merab kostava, zviad gamsaxurdia, givi alaznispireli, rismarg gordeziani da
sxvebi) naSromebis krebuls.
miznad gvqonda dasaxuli erT statiaSi mogveqcia
saqarTvelos misiasTan dakavSirebiT arsebuli masala.
saqarTvelo... Tanamedrove msoflios es sityva araferze mianiSnebs. SesaZlebelia romelime metnaklebad gaTviTcnobierebulma evropelma, albaT ufro germanelma,
gaixsenos rom arsebobs aseTi qveyana evropisa da aziis gasayarze.
msoflios rukas rom daxedoT,
pirvelad gagiZneldebaT am qveynis migneba, vinaidan mas metad umniSvnelo teritoria uWiravs, sul
70 aTas kvadratul kilometramde.
yovel ganaTlebul xalxs ainteresebs gaigos Tavisi warsuli:
saidan mosula, misi Soreuli winaprebi vin yofilan, rogor ucxovria da aqamde rogor mouRwevia. swored am didi interesis
Sedegia is legendebi da Tqmulebebi, rac ama Tu im xalxis warmomavlobis Sesaxeb saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi SeTxzula. ratomRac
saqarTvelos Sesaxeb fiqrisas, mudam erTi lamazi legenda magondeba. darwmunebuli var TiToeulma qarTvelma icis mis Sesaxeb,
magram mainc minda SegaxsenoT:
ufalma rom qveyniereba Seqmna,
gadawyvita xalxisaTvis gaenawilebina igi. miwis yvela mkvidri
TavisTan Sehyara, gaSlil xelis
gulze edo dedamiwa, rom kacTa
modgmisaTvis gaeyo mTlianad. daariga zRva da xmeleTi, bari Tu
mTa, zogi vis arguna, zogi ki vis.
aravin gamoutovebia, garda qarTvelebisa.
rogorc gvCvevia, aqac davigvianeT! ufalTan rom gamocxadebulan Cveni winaprebi, mTeli qveyniereba ukve ganawilebuli daxvedriaT. saocaria, magram aTaswlovani legenda imasac ki azustebs,
Tu ratom daigvianes qarTvelebma
aseT mniSvnelovan dRes sufras
usxdnen da Tavi ver mianebeso!!!
Sewuxda ufali es sayvareli
xalxi rogor gamomrCao. aiRo
da Tavisi wili miwawyali, sadac
TviTon uzenaess erT dros uxvi
kalTa daubertyavs, ganebivrebul
qarTvelebs aCuqa...
ase miviReT Cven, daudevarma qarTvelebma, sacxovreblad RvTis wili, samoTxis sadari adgili, ux-
mosavliani, noyieri, jansaRi... mTac
lamazi, baric lamazi, cac zurmuxtisferi... am RvTis wil kuTxes qveynad badali ar hyavso araerTxel gviTqvams amayad.
xSirad gaigonebT am legendas
CvenSi. iseTi rixiTa da siamayiT
vityviT xolme, guli getkineba.
albaT ar vufiqrdebiT, ras vyvebiT, da ase vimeorebT axal variaciebiTa da damatebebiT... xSirad paTosiT vumtkicebT Camosul ucxoels Cveni kuTxis gamorCeulobasa da silamazes.
ueWvelia, saqarTvelo lamazia,
qarTvelisaTvis ulamazesi, magram...
gadavavloT Tvali sxva mxaresac. marTlac arsad aris aseTi
lamazi da uxvi adgili dedamiwaze? sabednierod, piriqiT aris,
ramdenic gsurT imdeni adgilia!
yvelagan, qveynierebis TiTqmis yvela kuTxeSi! yvela adgils Tavisi ganumeorebeli silamaze da
momxibvleloba aqvs. yvela mxare
erTmaneTs, rom zustad erTmaneTs
hgavdes, cxovreba saSinlad mosawyeni da erTferovani iqneboda.
sul sxva sakiTxia, rom yvelas
Tavisi samSoblo, Tavisi qveyana
uyvars da eamayeba. es asec unda
iyos.
samSoblo uflis gaCenilia! man
Seqmna yoveli da man Seqmna samSobloc! samSoblo rom ar iyos,
es mTac da es baric, yovelive
Cvens garSemo gulisgamawvrilebel erTferovnebad warmogvidgeboda. swored gadanawilebuli samSobloebi qmnian mravalferovnebis im saswauls, romelsac Cveni
umSvenieresi dedamiwa hqvia. mTebi, mdeloebi, mindvrebi, xeobebi,
kldeebi, ukidegano udabnoebi erTmaneTs hgvanan... magram Cvens mzeras Signidan samSoblos umZafresi SegrZneba axarisxebs. jadoqruli SesaZleblobebiT icvlis fersa da Sinaarss TviT
erTmaneTs ase mimgvanebuli zedapirebi. rodesac Sens samSoblos
Wvret Sen TavisTavad arss Wvret;
rodesac sxvis samSoblos Wvret
sxvis arss.
magram samSoblo ar arsebobs
eris gareSe, vinaidan eria Seni
`kacobrioba ver ganTavisufldeba,
Tu ar ganTavisufldeba saqarTvelo~
edgar milo, Sveicarieli sazogado moRvawe
`arian qveynebi, sadac silamaze upiratesobad ar
iTvleba, radgan iq yvela lamazia. mogzaurebi
amas erTxmad amboben saqarTveloze~
straboni, `geografia~
`mcire azia odesRac TiTqmis mTlianad dasaxlebuli
iyo im xalxebiT, romlebic xeTebTan erTad Seadgendnen
erT monoliTur eTnikur jgufs. im Zvel xalxTa uSualo monaTesaved unda CavTvaloT qarTvelebi~
fric homeli
homeli, orientalisti
lixs iqiT da lixs aqeT
saqarTvelo giyvardeT!
samSoblo! mSobliur miwa aramc
da aramc ar niSnavs mxolod miwasa da geografiul garemos!
upirveles yovlisa is xalxs, Sens
ers gulisxmobs! ers vinc am miwawylis patronia, visac es miwawyali sisxlis fasad daucavs, vinc
am miwawyalze binadrobs, Sromobs,
iRwvis da didi istoriis estafetas gadascems STamomavlobas.
~sxva saqarTvelo sad aris, romeli kuTxe qveynisa?~ am sityvebiT poeti marto miwawyals ki ar
gulisxmobda, aramed upirveles
yovlisa mravaltanjul, mravalWirnaxul, mSromel, patiosan mamac da Tavisuflebis moyvare, avkargian qarTvelebs... levan sanikiZe Tavis wignSi ~savedrebelni
giorgi aTonelisa~ kargad gadmocems qarTveli kacis bunebas:
~
sami ram mSvenierebad da
haerovnebad mosdgams naTesavsa qarTvelsa: wyobilnakvTovaneba anagebisa, mzisferovneba kanisa, keTilsurneleba suliskveTebisa.
sami ram Zlier niSatad mosdgams qarTvelis sxeuls: simkvrive kunTisa, simtkice ZarRvisa, simxurvale sisxlisa.
sami ram Zlier niSatad mosdgams qarTvelis guls: gulisxmiereba, gulwrfeloba, gulmowyaleba
sami ram keTil niSatad mosdgams qarTvelebs sul: didsulovneba, didbunebovneba, didmecnaoba.
sami ram qvel niSatad mosdgams
naTesav qarTvels: simamace, simarTle, silaRe.
sami ram gamorCeul niSatad mosdgams naTesav qarTvels: pativmoyvareoba, saxelismaZiebloba, gancxromismoyvareoba.
sami ram ukidures moyvareobad
mosdgams naTesav qarTvels: ucxoTmoyvareoba, stumarTmoyvareoba,
Zlevismoyvareoba.
sami ram uZlurebis niSatad
mosdgams naTesav qarTvel: uZlureba TeTrkbilovan mtris gamocnobisa, uZlureba Tanmimdevrobisa,
uZlureba saidumlos Senaxvisa.
qarTveli aris Semwynarebeli ucxo Teslisa, Seuwyanarebeli Sinauri Tanasisxlierisa.
mamuli
qarTveli aris Senmdomebeli ucxo Teslisa, daundobeli Sinauri
Tanasisxlierisa.
qarTveli fiqrobs: me rodi viwyebi saqarTvelodan, aramed saqarTvelo iwyeba Cemgan.
qarTveli aris gulmaviwyi friadi, radgan marad aviwydeba is,
rac arasdros ar unda aviwydebodes: saqarTvelo uyvars yovel
ucxo Tesls, magram qarTveli rodi uyvars yovel ucxo momsvlels
saqarTveloSi vinaiTgan maT saqarTvelo uqarTvelod esurvilebaT da TavisTvis esurvilebaT.
magram, samagierod, friad gulmaxsovaric aris qarTveli, vinaiTgan arasodes ar aviwydeba is,
raic arasdros ar unda axsendebodes: wyena Sinauri Tanasisxlieri qarTvelisa da, Tundac iseTi
wyena, yrmobisas uneburad nemsiT
naCxvlets, siWarmageSi gulSi Subis ZgerebiT rom gadauxdi: ai ra
axsovs mudam da ra ar unda axsovdes arasdros qarTvels.
arasdros adamians ar aviwydeba,
rac ar axarebs, rac anaRvlebs,
rac guls ukodavs. da qarTvel
kacsac ar aviwydeba qarTveli kaci, radgan sikeTe da zeamaRleba
ar axarebT erTmaneTisa.
amitomac qarTveli kaci qarTvelisagan aris mudam gankerZoebuli. gandidebis cofiT mosili
qarTveli kaci gankerZoebiT miiswrafvis gandidebisaken.
qarTvels naklebad uyvars sityva
~Cven~, anu ukeTu ityvis ~Cvens~
SigniT ufro mainc gulisxmobs
~me~s...~
magram rodemde viqnebiT aseTebi? rodemde gagrZeldeba qarTvelis qarTvelis winaaRmdeg dapirispireba. mavani SeniSnavs, rom
sxva eris wiaRSic yofila da
xdeba aseTi ram.
ara, qarTvelni saarakod gamorCeulni varT am mxriv. Cveni mezobeli somxebi ki piriqiT, saarakod gamorCeulni erTmaneTis gverdSi dgomiTa da mxardaWeriT.
ramdenime aTasi weliwadia mihyveba qarTveli xalxi Tavis istoriul gzas. es ramdenime aTasi
weliwadi TiTqmis utoldeba kacobriobis civilizaciis asaks.
am xnis ganmavlobaSi momxdari
ambebis, istoriuli movlenebis,
wlebis, saukuneebis, epoqebis jami
warmogvidgens kavkasionTan mdebare qveynis sulier da fizikur
saxes. dRes aravin davobs imaze,
rom kacobrioba Sedis Tavisi ganviTarebis urTules xanaSi, moqmedeben msoflio urTierTobis axali
kanonebi, icvleba cxovrebis wesi,
stili, icvleba erTa Soris damokidebulebis Sinaarsic. yovel
qveyanas Tavisi funqciis da Tavisi, rogorc eris, daniSnulebis
gaazreba esaWiroeba kidev erTxel,
axali drois garemocvaSi. es gaazreba ZalTa Sefasebasac guisxmobs, energiis mosinjvasac, TvisebaTa saguldagulo Semowmebasac, radgan gasarkvevia didi, Zalian didi problema ra saxiT
unda wardges did sakacobrio
mejlisSi esa Tu is am saukeTeso
formis misaRwevad ra mimarTulebiT unda ganviTardes eris
odiTgan gamkrivebuli xasiaTi.
saamisod ki aucilebeli xdeba,
calkeuli ambebis, istoriuli movlenebis, wlebis, saukuneebis, epoqebis jami aris eris fizikuri da
sulieri Tvisebebis Sinaarsad gaviazroT, gaviazroT qveynis istoriuli gza.
am gzaze qarTveli xalxi bunebiT momadlebul Tvisebebs xvewda,
maRldeboda sulierad da umZimes samkvdrosasicocxlo brZolaSi Tu cxorebiseul SejibrebaSi Rirseulad avlenda Tavis
arss.
xalxis zneobrivi dakninebis
safrTxe mudam arsebobda da iarsebebs. qarTvel xalxs zneobrivi
dakninebis droebic axsovs, rodesac gadagvarebisaken midrekili
buneba sagangaSo signalebs gamoscemda. es xdeboda dampyroblis
veraguli politikis dawoliT
iZulebiT, magram faqtia, rom xdeboda da qveynis saxe Zireul cvlilebebs ganicdida. cvlileba iseT
sazRvrebs aRwevda, rom xalxi Tavsac ver cnobda zogjer.
istoriis gza yovelTvis rTu-
15
lixs iqiT da lixs aqeT
li gzaa, misi dRe ar emTxveva
martiv traeqtorias mzis amosvlasa da Casvlas. aTasobiT ucxo
sxeuli iWreba qveynis organizmSi
da cvlilebebi yovelTvis mosalodnelia. aseT dros SesaZlebelia
saerTod modundes erovnuli sifxizle. SesaZlebelia, saukuneebis
romeliRac monakveTSi mTlianad
amovardes Tavisi bunebrivi kalapotidan da Tavisi saxe dakargos,
rac cxadia fizikuri ganadgurebaze uaresia. fizikuri ganadgureba did istoriul ubedurebad
gvevlineba, magram samagierod eri
arsebobas wyvets Tavisi WeSmariti saxis daukargavad. gadagvarebuli eri ki fizikur arsebobas
ganagrZobs daniSnulebis gareSe.
aravis sWirdeba aseTi eri, radgan
masSi aRaraferia saintereso, angariSgasawevi. igi droisa da adgils acdens cis qveS, emsgavseba
saeqsploatacio miwas, sadac mxolod sxvebi imkian mosavals.
saocari eri varT qarTvelebi!
erTerTi uZvelesi eri varT, SevqmeniT didebuli kultura, magram mainc jerovnad ver vafasebT
amas. ukanasknel periodSi ki sul
daveciT, davknindiT, davpataravdiT.
erT dros amayi da qedmouxreli
qarTveli dakninda, sisxli gauwyalda. eri gadaSenebis piras miviyvaneT. dRes didi xnis ZilquSidan TavdaRweuliviT iSmuSneba
da Tvalebs ifSvnets qarTveli
kaci. ra moxda ? sada var? rogor aRmovCndi iq sadac axla
var? es fiqrebi ebadeba mas, magram
pasuxs ver poulobs. kiTxvebi ki
TandaTan itoteba, mravldeba. da
rac ufro metad aRwevs Tavs Zilburans, miT ufro cxadad ikveTeba yvela es kiTxva. mtanjvelma
eWvma Seipyro dRevandeli qarTveli kaci. aTasi movlenisa da
faqtis Semyures, romlebic qarTvelobis srul gadagvarebas amxelen, qarTveli kaci mware kiTxvam daaretiana nuTu aseTi iyo
odiTganve? Secdoma xom ar iyo
qarTvelobiT amayobda da Tavi mohqonda?
mtanjvel eWvs ki sakmao safuZveli aqvs. erovnuli xasiaTi mudmiv moZraobaSia. erovnuli xasiaTi eris ganuyofeli nawilia da
mis gaCenisTanave moZraobda saimisod, rom Camoyalibebuliyo qarTveli kacis raobad, mieRo sakuTari forma da Sinaarsi. ase gvevlineba igi maradiul moZraobad,
romelic arasodes SeCerebula.
misi Tvisebebi iyo myari im dRidanve, ra dResac qarTvelobam Tavisi saxe, Tavisi Sinaarsi da forma
miiRo, magram ar yofila gaqvavebuli, uZravi, radgan Tvisebebis
simtkice ar niSnavs maT ucvlelobas, uZraobas.
ase moZraobda da moZraobs qarTuli erovnuli xasiaTi, vlindeboda droisa da adgilis, situaciisa da viTarebis Sesatyvisad,
romlebic am erovnul xasiaTs
konkretul drosa, formasa da SinaarsSi aqceven. an daamcireben an
ganadideben mas, an gadagvareben an
gamoabrwyineben... swored situaciis, Sinagani da garegani mdgomareobis mixedviT eqceva erovnu-
16
li xasiaTi xSirad wnexis qveS
da gasresis safrTxe emuqreba. amitom vlindeba igi aTasgvarad da
aqedan gamomdinare ar unda velodebodeT mtkice Tvisebebis moimedeni mis ucvlelobas da maradiulad gaqvavebul pozaSi dgomas.
unda velodebodeT xasiaTis moZraobas da vswavlobdeT qarTvelebma rodis, sad, ris gamo vlindeboda da vlindeba erovnuli
xasiaTi rig SemTxvevebSi saamayod,
xolo rigSi samarcxvinod. samisod saWiroa
vicodeT Tavdapirvelad arsi
qarTuli xasiaTisa, misi myari
Tvisebebi, swored
is Tvisebebi, romlebic mravali
saukunis ganmavlobaSi gamkvrivda qarTvel kacSi da romlebic
eris raobas sabolood kravs.
rani varT qarTvelebi? rani viyaviT guSin? rani viqnebiT xval?
ai kiTxvebi, romlebic mudam
awuxebda qarTveli kacis gonebas. igi iyo daviTisa da Tamaris Semawuxebeli kiTxva, igi aSfoTebda daviT
guramiSvilsa da
vaxuStis, awamebda akakis, iliasa
da vaJas...
samwuxarod, msoflio ar aris
raindi, da arc odesme yofila
aseTi. mas ar ZaluZs raindiviT
javSani Caicvas Tundac dafleTili, muzaradi daixuros Tundac gatexili da wverdaJanguli
SubiT xelSi gaiWras samarTlianobis aRsadgenad. ukve ramdeni
aTasi welia arsebobs kacobrioba,
magram igi jerac ar amaRlebula
donkixotis suliskveTebamde...
msoflio mkacri realistia, angariSiani, TavkerZa da egoisti. mxolod xandaxan Tu gaielvebs donkixotis amaRlebuli idealebi, romelsac kacobrioba vera da ver
daeufla.
rodesac qarTveli eris bedze
fiqrob, Sens winaSe warmoudgeneli arsisa da masStabis suraTi
warmogidgeba, romelic urTierT
dapirispirebebiT aris aRsavse. ggonia, aha, aRzevda eri, arwiviT moedo xsovnis kabadons, moixila mizezSedegTa asxma warsulidan awmyomde, awmyosac gascda da gaanaTa gaurkvevlobiT moculi Tvalsawieri momavlisa. magram, sinamdvileSi ers matliviT ucocia
iq, sadac myobads exeba.
samwuxarod warsulis analogiebi momavals aRar gamoadgeba.
samwuxarod, fantazia da ocneba
sinamdvileSi agveria da ver mivmxvdarvarT, rom bedi erisa kidev
ufro didi bneliTaa moculi, vid-
re calkeuli adamianis bedi. Cveni xedvis areSi, da isic nawilobriv,
martooden gardasuli Jami da
awmyoa moqceuli, moulodnelobebiT aRsavse momavali ki ise
gviaxlovdeba, rom arc ki vuwyiT,
Tu ra moaqvs, ra aris dafaruli
mis wiaRSi; adamianma ar icis, Tu
vin umzadebs sikeTes an danas lesavs misTvis. aseve movlenaTa farulma procesma SesaZloa moulodnelad Cinebuli tarosi da-
uyenos eris cxovrebisa da kulturis savargulebs, an piriqiT,
dasaTavTuxebel jejils setyva
da maxvili mouvlinos.
radgan saqme konkretulad saqarTvelosa da qarTvel erTan gvaqvs, isic unda aRvniSnoT, rom SemTxveviT ar uTqvamT qarTvelebze
~mebrZolni Savi bedisao~. es ase
iyo, ase aris da ase iqneba, sanam
bedisweras CvenTvis Znelad gasaZlisi gamocdebis Catareba ar mobezrdeba. RmerTma sikeTe nu mogvaklos, magram Tu momavalSi Tavs
gardasaxdeni faTeraki garduvalia, Tuki miuxedavad Cveni mondomebisa da Tavdadebisa ~bindisferi sofeli ufro da ufro
binddeba~, nurc momxdariyo is, rac
aqamde momxdara. dae gansacdelTan mebrZolebad davrCeT marad
da Cveni keTildReoba xmliT xelSi vWedavdeT. uaresisaTvis mzadyofna xom ukeTesis sawindaria.
ar unda dagvaviwydes isic, rom
ufals vinc uyvars, gansacdelsac
mas umzadebs, vinaidan gansacdelTa embazSi ganbanilTa Wvretaa
misi gancvifrebisa da aRfrTovanebis uSreti wyaro.
warsuli da awmyo Cveni erisa
metad Tu naklebad cnobilia, aTasgzis da aTasgvarad gaanalizebuli da saqarTvelos da qarTveli
eris misia mTeli rigi mecnierTa
mamuli
Tu sazogado moRvaweebis mier
Seswavlili da damuSavebuli iqna. eris misia ki ganisazRvreba
sxvebisagan gamosarCevi im TaviseburebiT, im gansakuTrebulobiT, mis
xasiaTSi, mis saqmianobaSi, misgan
momdinare ideebSi romaa mocemuli da romelic mas miaqvs msoflio kulturis samsxverploze,
rogorc SeTavazebuli, zogjer ki
saubedurod, rogorc Tavs moxveuli ZRveni.
diax, ase Tu
ise ZalgviZs gansazRvra imisa,
riTac warsulma gvimaspinZla,
Tu rani viyaviT
uwin da rani
varT amJamad. magram warsulze
fiqri momavlisaTvis mzadyofnasac xom niSnavs? Cven gvawvalebs ara imdenad warsuli, ramdenadac gardasaxdeni anu momavali? rogori
viqnebiT mermisSi? kvlavac imgvari SemarTebiT
SevegebebiT beds,
Tuki mruSe feriT Seimoseba
igi? kvlav Tavis
SenarCunebaze
gveqneba safiqrali Tu imdenad
avmaRldebiT da
iseT Zalas movikrebT, rom sxvaTa
imedad da xelis
mommarTveladac
ki gadaviqceviT?
kmara welebze
fexis dadgomiT Tavis SenarCunebaze fiqri. droa did erad qcevaze ocnebis Jamma darekos. dae,
arwivis gafrenas edaros ocneba
igi, raTa ocneba miznad iqces, mizani ki saqmed!!!
Cven xSirad gviwodeben ~mcire
ers~, rasTan dakavSirebiT albaT
saWiroa oriode sityva vTqvaT
~didi eris~ Cemeul gagebaze.
~didi~s qveS Cveulebriv gulisxmoben rogorc raodenobiT,
farTobiT Tu sxva zomebiT gansxvavebul, iseve misabaZs, samagaliTos raime movlenasa da garemoebas. magram amasTan unda gvaxsovdes, rom ~didi~ ar aris samudamo privilegia da SeiZleba erT
momentSi dakargul an SeZenil
iqnas. rodesac amboben ~didi eri~
Cveulebriv gulisxmoben im upiratesobas, ama Tu im erovnebasa
Tu xalxs Tavisi mondomebiT, qceviTa Tu saqmianobiT xasiaTad da
maRal unarebad rom gadauqcevia.
es Tvisebebi misabaZi xdeba sxvebisaTvis. magram is xalxebi, dRes
rom misgan swavloben da bevriT
arian davalebulni, xval SesaZloa gauTanaswordnen mas, risi
magaliTebiTac aRsavsea istoria.
‘samwuxarod Cven ara varT raodenobiT an teritoriiT gamorCeuli eri
didi eri. magram
sulieri simtkiciT, istoriiTa
da kulturiT Cven ueWvelad erTerTi udidesi eri varT. sisastikiTa da xangrZlivobiT, romeli qveyana Tu eri Seedreba im
mkacr gamocdebs, Cvens Sesamusrad
alesilma usasrulo wyviadman
mtrisaman rom mogviwyo da saukuneebis manZilze rom mogwyvita
erTmorwmune evropasa da civilizaciis ganviTarebis kerebs.
da Tu ki SeiZleba sarwmunoebis, meobis, kulturis, saxelmwifoebriobisa da arsebobisaTvis
brZolisaTvis romelime ers ewodos ~didi~, es upirveles yovlisa qarTvelebs exeba.
magram qarTvelebi did erad
aravis SevuracxivarT, radgan did
erad miaCniaT ara is, vinc sakuTar Rirsebasa da meobas icavs
mxolod, ragind vaJkacuradac ar
unda ibrZodes igi, aramed is, vinc
Tavisi kulturiTa da ideebiT
xangrZlivad da intensiurad zemoqmedebs sxva xalxebze da ganapirobebs maT ganviTarebas. magram
is garemoeba, rom Cven ver moxvdiT msoflios did erTa mcirericxovan nusxaSi, es rodi niSnavs imas rom ar ZalgviZs amgvari
ram.
sakuTari meobisa da Rirsebis
dacvisaTvis brZolaSi samagaliTo qarTvel ers sxvebze naklebad
rodi xelewifeboda meTaur erad
gadaqceva, magram gangebam da istoriam Cven sul sxva misia dagvakisra. Cveni meobis, rwmenisa da
saxelmwifoebriobis SenarCunebiT
ramdenadme unda gagveTiSa musulmanuri garemocva, CagvekeTa kavkasionis karibWe da aRgvekeTa antikulturuli impulsebis SemoWra samxreTidan da aRmosavleTidan evropaSi. es gaxldaT saqarTvelos da qarTvelebis faruli misia, Znelad aRsasrulebeli da sakuTari keTildReobisaTvis arasaxarbielo, magram msoflio kulturis ganviTarebisaTvis aucilebeli. mxolod imisaTvis rom qarTvelebma SeZles
am misiis Sesruleba, maT SeiZleba
ewodos ~didi eri~ da es albaT
asecaa uflis TvalSi. magram
msoflios winaSe saqarTvelo arafers warmoadgens. man ver dainaxa,
Tu qarTvelTa saqmeTa gamo risi
gakeTeba ver SesZles regresulma
Zalebma. msofliom mxolod is
dainaxa, vinc ufro ganavrco Tavisi ideebi da kultura sxva
xalxebSi da amiT zogadsakacobrio mniSvneloba mianiWa maT.
samwuxarod, Cans ufro xiluli da ara faruli sikeTe. kulturulistoriuli misiis TvalsazrisiT saqarTvelo ufro dafaruli sikeTis qveyanaa, romlis
daniSnuleba TviT mis mraval saukeTeso Svilsac ar hqonia bolomde gacnobierebuli. cnobilia
evropul filosofiaSi arsebuli azri kavkasiis uZvelesi misiis Sesaxeb saxeldobr is, rom
kavkasia evropel xalxTa da maTi
kulturis akvania. cnobilia saxelganTqmuli filosofosis imanuel kantis azri axlo aRmosavleTis mosaxleobis gakeTilSobilebis saqmeSi qarTvelTa da CerqezTa (qristian CerqezTa) didi
saqarTvelo giyvardeT!
rolis Taobaze.
magram im ambavs, rom odiTganve
saqarTvelo idga uZveles samxreTel da uaxles Crdiloel xalxebs Soris da Tavisi meobis SenarCunebisaTvis brZoliT ar aZlevda maT aRrevis saSualebas, raTa
ar darRveuliyo erebis kulturaTa monacvleobisa da Tanamimdevrobis uryevi msoflio kanoni,
uwyodnen mxolod isini, visac droisa da eris sulTa farul, urTierTSeTanxmebul qmedebaTa wvdoma
SeeZlo. kulturaTa monacvleobis es wriuli dinebis jer samxreTidan moerkala saqarTvelos,
antikur periodSi dasavleTidan
moeqca mas, Semdeg Sua evropaSi
gadainacvla da rodesac globalur masStabebamde aRzevebuli evropuli kulturis Sesisxorcebas Seudga ruseTi, CrdiloeTidan wamoadga Tavs. ase rom saqarTvelo kulturaTa Tanamimdevrobisa da cnobierebis evoluciis
am wriuli dinebis centrSi imyofeboda.
saqarTvelo mudam centrSi, uCinari globaluri saaTis isris
uZrav fuZesTan imyofeboda, JamTa
msvlelobaSi xalxebis kulturaTa urTierTmonacvleobis wriulma xazma rom Semouara gars.
TiTqos maradisobas naziarebi, uZraobis simaRlidan Wvretda igi
jer uZveles, Semdeg antikur, Sua
saukuneebis da sxva kulturebs,
vinaidan yvela mniSvnelovan kulturebTan hqonda Sexeba da gulSi imarxavda maTgan momdinare impulsebs.
nebismier ers gaaCnia Tavisi sakuTari misia da Semoqmedebis Tavisi dro, romelic ganfenilia
JamTa dinebaSi. kacobriobas ganviTarebis Tavisi kanonebi aqvs: rodesac erTi eri qmnida kulturas da SemoqmedebiTi energiis xarjvis procesSi imyofeboda, meore
icdida, garkveul dromde cnobierebis bavSvur dones inarCunebda
da SemoqmedebiT energias inaxavda SemdgomisaTvis, raTa marcvali wina kulturaTa monapovrisa
mieRo Tavis sufTa, xeluxlebel
wiaRSi, ufro aRmatebul doneTa
dasaufleblad. uxsovari droidan indoeTis, sparseTis, SuamdinareTis, egviptis, arabeTisa da israelis samxreTelma mosaxleobam erTmaneTis mimdevrobiT Seqmnes msoflios udidesi religiebi da kulturebi, romelTac igavursimboluri, suraTxatovani azrovneba miusadages.
msoflios wamyvan kulturaTa
Tanamimdivrobis Jams, zRaprebis saufloSi mikarguli da mxolod
kievisa da novgorodis samTavroTa Seqmnidan ruseTad saxeldebuli, skviTeTi icdida. berZnuli
marTlmadideblobis miRebam Tumca ramdenadme gamoacoxcla, magram bolomde mainc ver gamoiyvana
igi ZilquSidan, ver moabruna dRis
cnobierebisaken. misTvis ganwesebul dros eloda igi, eloda vidre
msoflio kultura globalur
masStabebs miaRwevda, raTa erovnuli safSvinvelis gaukvalav yamirze mieRo impulsebi globaluri axalevropuli kulturi-
sa. manamde ki igi daculi unda
yofiliyo qristianamdeli religiebisa da kulturebis zegavlenisagan.
xalxi, romelic kulturaTa
Tanmimdevrobis procesSi yvelaze
mets icdis da inaxavs SemoqmedebiT energias, ufro masStaburi
kulturis impulsTa misaRebad
amzadebs Tavs da cxadia, winare,
ukve konservirebuli kulturebis mqone xalxebTan SedarebiT,
momdevno etapze
man sulieri ganviTarebis kidev
ufro maRal dones unda miaRwios.
odesRac mezoblebis mimarT
araagresuli,
magram agresorTa winaaRmdeg
medgrad mebrZoli saqarTvelo
gamoricxavda
skviTeTSi samxreTeli xalxis SeWras da
slavur kulturaze da yofaze
maTi uZvelesi
kulturebis zegavlenas, rac
xels SeuSlida
ruseTs Tavisi
kuTvnili da saboloo misiis
ganxorcielebaSi.
SemdgomSi qarTvelebi da somxebi idgnen kavkasionis karibWis darajebad
rogorc samxreTaRmosavleTisaken waweuli forpostebi qristianobisa da akavebdnen islamur
urdoebs. swored maT farze blagvdeboda sibasre islamis maxvilisa, swored isini aclidnen maT
kavkasionis imier moqmedebis unars.
miuxedavad imisa, rom meaTe saukunis Semdeg somxeTi, rogorc samefo, aRar arsebobda, mis sasaxelod unda iTqvas, rom saukuneebis manZilze autaneli religiuri devnis miuxedavad, somxebma mainc SeZles qristianobisa da Tavisi meobis SenarCuneba. sainteresoa, zemoxsenebul islamur urdoebs iseve xangrZlivad rom eTareSaT ruseTSi, rogorc kavkasiaSi daTareSobdnen, SeZlebda ki igi
qristianobis SenarCunebas? gauZlebda ki igi imgvar religiur
devnas, qarTvelebma rom iwvnies,
miT umetes rom ruseTSi qristianoba arcTu didi xnis winaT
gaxldaT fexmokidebuli? xom SeZles samxreTelma dampyroblebma
CrdiloeT kavkasiis gamusulmaneba? xom SesaZlebelia, amgvari xvedri ruseTsac ar ascdenoda, radgan es urdoebi ara martooden
dampyroblur, aramed gaafTrebul
religiur omebsac eweodnen da
TavianT religias fanatikuri
gulmodginebiT axvevdnen Tavs aramusulman xalxs. qristianobis dakargviT ki wertili daesmeboda
ruseTis kulturis Semdgom evoluacias.
mogvianebiT, TurqeTis imperias,
evropas rom azanzarebda da misi
Suagulis, venis aRebas rom lamobda, ruseTisaken gzas kavkasioni
da misi maradi mcveli saqarTvelo uRobavda. bizantiis imperiis
msgavsad Turqebs rom saqarTvelos samefo Tavis mxareze gadmoeyvanaT, vinRa SeuSlida xels Turqebs amierkavkasiis xalxebTan er-
Tad TavianTi imperiisaTvis SemoemtkicebinaT CrdiloeT kavkasiis
musulmani erebi da uSualod dakavSirebodnen yirimis saxanos. maSin
xom mTelis ZalebiT da farTo
frontiT miadgebodnen Turqebi ruseTs, petre I-lamdel ruseTis samefos, romelsac jer kidev ar
hyavda evropul yaidaze gawvrTnili jari da yirimis saxanosac ki
Zlivs umklavdeboda.
petre I-is mier Catarebul reformebTan erTad dasrulda saqarTvelos faruli misia ruseTis mimarT, garegnulad TiTqmis
mTeli misi istoriis manZilze
umZimes pirobebSi sakuTari Rirsebis, meobis, sarwmunoebis da saxelmwifoebriobis SenarCunebisaTvis rom gamoixateboda. am misias,
rogorc adre aRvniSneT, didi mniSvneloba hqonda msoflio kulturis Semdgomi evoluciisaTvis.
amis Semdeg qarTveli xalxis momavali mTlianad aris da iqneba
damokidebuli imaze, Tu rogor
SeZlebs igi Tavisi axali, ara
faruli, aramed ukve TvalsaCino
misiis ganxorcielebas, raTa msoflios xalxTa TvalSic iqces misabaZ erad. didi qarTveli mwerali konstantine gamsaxurdia Tavis erTerT werilSi aRniSnavda:
qarTveli xalxi ufro aRmqmeli,
msoflios kulturis ufro ma-
mamuli
Ral doneze amTvisebeliao, vidre
sxva xalxTa kulturebze aqtiurad zemoqmedio.
marTlac, odiTganve qarTvelobam maRal doneze aiTvisa da urTierTTan Seajera dasavleTisa da
aRmosavleTis kulturebi. sxvadasxva kulturebis urTierTTan
Sejerebis madli ZvelTaganve mosdgamda mas da amitomac renesansis erTerTi pionerebi qarTvelebi iyvnen. renesansis kulturis
Tavuri idea warmarTuli kulturis ganaxleba da aRorZineba qristianobasTan misi morigebiT. arsad ise
ar Sezrdia qristianobas adgilobrivi warmarToba, rogorc
saqarTveloSi.
qarTvel kacs ar
miuRia qristianoba Tavisi kosmiuri da kacobriuli warmodgenebisagan mowyvetiT. Tavad
xalxma imgvarad
Seajera qarTuli warmarTuli
miTologia qristianobasTan, rom
msgavsi magaliTi arc erTi
eris kulturaSi ar gvxvdeba.
sad naxavT iseT
SemTxvevas, rom
erTsa da imave
miTSi SevxvdebiT
qristes, amirans
qarTul promeTes da nadirobis warmarTul RvTaebas dalis.
warmarTuli xatobebi, warmarTi
gmirebi kopala, iaxsari, giorgi
mWidrod daukavSirdnen qristianobas da qarTveli kacisaTvis misi
mrwamsis ganuyofel nawilad iqcnen.
amitomac gasakviri ar aris saqarTvelos roli renesansis kulturis, gansakuTrebiT ki adreuli renesansis ganviTarebaSi. renesansis Tavuri idea, xom qristianobisa da warmarTuli kulturis sinTezi gaxlavT. gasakviri
ar aris qristianuli Teologiis erTerTi fuZemdeblis fsevdo
dionisesa da didi qarTveli moRvawis petre iberis igiveoba, rac
amJamad msoflios mravalma gamoCenilma mecnierma aRiara. SemTxveviTi ar aris saqarTvelos roli
budizmis qristianobasTan Serwymis
saqmeSic, ~sibrZne bahlavarisa~sa
dasavleTSi gavrcelebasTan dakavSirebiT; gasakviri ar aris agreTve aRmosavluri sibrZniT gamsWvaluli igavTa wignis ~qalila da damana~- s Targmanis qristianizeba sulxan-saba orbelianis
mier. ar aris SemTxveviTi arc
Cveni didi mefis daviT aRmaSeneblis musulmanur salocavebSi siaruli da farTo interesi msoflios xalxTa kulturebisadmi,
arc laSa-giorgis kavSiri rain-
debis did mimdinareobasTan.
magram gansakuTrebul saocrebas am TvalsazrisiT mainc ~vefxistyaosani~ warmoadgens. maSin
rodesac qristianobis burj qveyanaSi, bizantiaSi, imperatorma
aleqsi komnenma mxari dauWira
orTodoqsalurad ganwyobil samRvdeloebas da kategoriulad aukrZala or berZen swavluls, miqael pseloss da ioane italos,
aRemaRlebinaT bizantielTa azrovnebis done qristianobis platonizmTan da aristotelizmTan
sintezis gziT, mezobel patara
saqarTveloSi rusTavelma qarTveli xalxisaTvis gansacvifrebeli sinTezi ganaxorciela, amasTan ufro gasageb poeturi formis gziT. ~vefxistyaosani~ warmoadgens qarTuli poeturi geniis prizmaSi gardatexili gasaocari sinTezi Rrmadnacionaluri,
antikuri (platoni, aristotele,
neoplatonizmi), adreqristianuli
da qristianulTeologiuri (areopagetika), qristianulmarTlmadidebluri, evropis rainduli, Zvelhinduri (paraleli ~ramaiana~s
siuJetTan), Zvelsparsuli (~avesta~), maniqevluri da SedarebiT
gvianaRmosavluri kulturebis.
miuxedavad erTob gamorCeuli
kulturulistoriuli misiisa,
isic unda aRiniSnos, rom saqarTvelos arc msoflio mniSvnelobis religia miucia kacobriobisaTvis, arc TeosofiurTeologiuri da filosofiuri sistemebi
Seuqmnia indoeTis, saberZneTis, CineTis, italiisa da germaniis msgavsad, arc msoflio mniSvnelobis
iurisprudencia romis imperiis
msgavsad, arc literaturisa da
xelovnebis umTavresi Janrebi da
formebi, arc Tanamedrove mecnieruli sistemebi. marTlmadidebluri liturgia, miuxedavad imisa, rom misi erTerTi Semqmneli,
basili didi warmoSobiT qarTveluri tomidan, kapodokieli iyo,
mainc bizantiam misca saqarTvelos da mTel rig qveynebs, rameTu
iaone oqropirma da basili didma
bizantiis kulturis wiaRSi, berZnul enaze aRmoacenes igi. qristianuli Teologiis burji, fsevdodionises qarTvelobis gamo, ar
vici, gvaqvs Tu ara ufleba misi
Txzulebebi qarTuli Teologiis nimuSebad miviCnioT, miT umetes, rom pavle mociqulisa da
dionise areopagelis mier aTenSi
daarsebuli ezoTeruli skolis
tradiciebze arian aRmocenebulni. uTuod didi moazrovneni, antikuri filosofiis Rrma mcodneni da qristianuli Teologiis
Rirseuli moRvaweebi iyvnen efrem mcire da ioane petriwi, magram maT mxolod qarTuli filosofiuri skolisa da adreuli renesansis brwyinvale warmomadgenlebi arian da ara msoflio mniSvnelobis Teologiursqolastikuri da filosofiuri
sistemebis Semqmnelebi.
magram amasTan mTel rig mniSvnelovan dargSi Cven vyofilvarT
pionerebi, magram aqve erT paradoqsul garemoebasTan gvaqvs saqme. iseTi mniSvnelovani dargi, ro-
17
>>> me-17 gverdidan
goric medicinaa uxsovar droSi
saqarTvelom SesZina msoflios,
TviTon misi saxeli ~medicina~c
xom kolxeTis mefis asulis medeas saxelTanaa dakavSirebuli.
magram Tanamedrove medicinis mecnierul miRwevebs evropam gvaziara; metalurgiac xom xalibTa
qarTulma tomma SesZina msoflios, magram Tanamedrove metalurgiis miRwevebi kvlav evropidan
Semovida CvenSi; mravalxmiani musikis uZveles kerebad xom saqarTvelo da irlandiaa aRiarebuli (uZveles periodSi monaTesave
erebi, romelTa Sesaxeb gazeTis
Semdeg nomrebSi gveqneba saubari),
magram Tanamedrove musikis msoflioSi aRiarebuli Janrebi da
formebi ki isev evropam SegvZina.
samwuxarod, raSic pionerebi, maswavleblebi viyaviT, Segirdebi gavxdiT; rasac manamde sxvas vaswavlebdiT, axla Cven TviTon vswavlobT, amasTan jerjerobiT imdenad ver ganviTardiT, rom kvlav
maswavlebelebad vqceuliyaviT.
ras niSnavs es ambavi? nuTu marTlac ara qmediTi, aramed mxolod WvretiTi elementia Zireuli maxasiaTebeli qarTuli kulturisa, sxvaTa kulturebis safuZvliani aTvisebisa da sinTezis iqiT, rom ar midis? xom TvalnaTliv vxedavT, rom Cvensave wiaRSi aRmocenebuli ideebiT, sistemebiTa da formebiT imdenad ver
vimoqmedebT sxva erebze Tu xalxebze, rom ~did erTa~ Soris SeveracxeT? magram es mizezi qarTuli kulturis amgvar maxasiaTeblad mainc ver gamodgeba. saqarTvelos mudam SeeZlo kulturaTa aTvisebis da sinTezis etapidan sxvebze zemoqmed sawyisamde
aRzeveba, rasac misi istoriis xanmokle mSvidobian periodTa miRwevebi RaRadeben. ufro mniSvnelovani miRwevebisaTvis ki saWiro ufro xangrZlivi mSvidobiani cxovreba, romelic sruliad
warmoudgeneli da SeuZlebeli
iyo imJamindel garemocvaSi.
saqarTvelo... ukve meramdene aTaswleuli moedineba es fenomeni
(TiToeuli qveyana xom Taviseburi fenomenia) kacobriobis ekliTa da nariT mofenil gzatkecilze. xSirad Cven, qarTvelebi
viZaxiT, rom istoriiT, warsuliT
vcxovrobT, warsulis analogiebs
vavlebT da xekldakrefilebi warsul dReTa didebaze vocnebobT.
samwuxarod, es mware realobaa.
magram es xom ar niSnavs imasac,
rom zurgi SevaqcioT Cvens istorias, warsuls, miT umetes iseTs,
rogoric Cven gagvaCnia. Cveni istoria, xom kacobriobis istoriis tolia.
cnobili germaneli mecnieri
vilhelm humboldti baskuri enis
sferoSi da pireneis naxevarkunZulis uZvelesi mosaxleobis vinaobis kvlevis sferoSi Catarebulma gamokvlevebma, miiyvana im
daskvnamde, rom samxreT evropis:
pirineebis, italiis, xmelTaSua
zRvis kunZulebis pirveladi avtoxtonuri mosaxleoba iyo iberiuli anu rogorc mas axla
pirobiTad uwodeben e.w. protoiberiuli. am modgmis xalxTa gansazRvrisaTvis, mecnierebaSi agreTve
miRebulia termini xmelTaSua
zRvis rasa, mediteranuli rassa
18
lixs iqiT da lixs aqeT
saqarTvelo giyvardeT!
anu mediteranuli modgma. zogjer mediteranuli rasis aRsaniSnavad ixmareba termini paleokavkasiuri rasa anu uZvelesi kavkasiuri modgma.
saubaria im mosaxleobaze, romelic saxlobda pireneebis naxevarkunZulidan mTels xmelTaSua
zRvis auzSi, apeninebze, balkanebze,
Tanamedrove saberZneTis, kavkasiis
da CrdiloeT indoeTis teritoriebze, agreTve mcire aziaSi da
palestinaSi.
swored es aris protoiberiuli rasis gavrcelebis areali, romelsac vilhelm humboldtis gamokvlevebis mixedviT hqonda mravali ganStoeba. ena am modgmisa
iyo erTi ZiriTadi, romelsac mravali dialeqturi ganStoeba hqonda da Tu es ganStoebebi droTa
ganmavlobaSi Rebulobdnen calke
enebis xasiaTs, isini mainc enaTesavebodnen erTmaneTs da viTardebodnen rogorc urTierTmonaTesave enebi. amitom aseTi monaTesave enebis aRsaniSnavad damkvidrda
termini protoiberiuli ena, romelTanac dakavSirebulia xmelTaSua zRvis mTeli auzis uZvelesi mosaxleobis enebi baskuri,
luzitanuri, trudetanuli, etruskuli, pelazguri da sxva, romelTac didi mecnierebis niko
maris da mixeil wereTlis dauRalavi Sromis Sedegad daemata
mcire aziis, mesopotamiis uZvelesi mosaxleobis Sumerebis da
maTi enis gamokvleva da qarTulisa da Sumeruli enebis genetikuri naTesaobis hipoTeza.
niko maris gamokvlevebis mixedviT mcire aziis mosaxleobis
didi nawili swored protoiberiul modgmas miekuTvneboda da
mesxebi (mosxebi), kapadokielebi,
kolxebi, xalibebi, mosinikebi, taoxebi da sxvebi warmoadgenen am
modgmis erTerT Semadgenel nawils. ase rom, yoveli es tomi
pelazguri, etruskuli, kretuli,
kapadokiuli, mesxuri da sxva aris
ganStoeba erTi da imave didi
modgmisa, romelsac protoiberiuli modgma ewodeba, xolo saqarTvelo, da sakuTriv qarTvelebi,
warmoadgenen kavkasiaSi lokalizebuli am modgmis STamomavalT.
protoiberiuls gaaCnda uamravi
ganStoeba, magram dResdReobiT SemorCenilia mxolod ori: pirineuliberiuli anu baskuri da qarTuli da misi monaTesave enebi
CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi. danarCeni
ganStoebebi asimilirebuli an ganadgurebuli iqna Cvens welTaRricxvame 2 aTaswleulSi xmelTaSua zRvis auzSi SemoWril indoevropuli tomebis mier.
v. humboldtisa da n. marris
gamokvlevebis mixedviT, iafetidi
iberebi aRavsebdnen xmelTaSua
zRvis auzss da Sumeruli, minosuri, pelazguri, etruskuli da
sxva kulturebi maTi Seqmnilia.
mecnierebis mier protoiberuli modgmis zeobis xanad miiCneven epoqas uZvelesi droidan Cvens
welTaRricxvamde II aTaswleulamde. meore aTaswleulidan ki
iwyeba am modgmis TandaTanobiTi
daknineba da misi ricxobrivi Semcireba. am periodSi TandaTanobiT wina planze gamodis xeTuri
da ZvelberZnuli anu elinuri
samyaroebi, romlebic zRudaven
protoiberiuls. magram amave dros
xdeba kulturaTa sinTezi: paleomediteranul, anu protoiberiul modgmasTan aris dakavSirebuli evropis uZvelesi da pirveladi kulturebi minosuri da
kolxuri (Zvelkolxuri), romlebic uaRresad mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli erTmaneTan. meore
aTaswleulidan iwyeba xeTuri samyaros wamoweva, romelic ukve indoevropuli samyaroa, iseve rogorc ZvelberZnuli samyaro, romelic warmoSobiT veduri berZnebis tomebidan momdinareobs.
saberZneTis pirveladi mosaxleoba Zveli berZeni istorikosebis monacemebze dayrdnobiT gansazRvrulia, rogorc pelazguri
anu protoiberiuli. pelazgebi
warmoadgenen protoiberiuli modgmis erTerTi mniSvnelovan ganStoebas, iseve rogorc kolxebi,
etruskebi, mesxebi. kolxuri, pelazguri, troauli da minosuri
samyaroebi erTmaneTis monaTesave
samyaroebia, ufro swored isini
erT samyaros warmoadgenen, rac
naTlad airekla homerosis ukvdav ~iliadaSi~.
saberZneTsa da xmelTaSua zRvis
auzis sxva regionebSi Catarebulma
arqeologiurma gaTxrebma naTelyves, rom Zv.w. II aTaswleuli brinjaos xanis udidesi civilizaciis gafurCqvnis epoqa yofila.
dReisaTvis ukve kargad aris cnobili, rom kretaze Zv.w. XIXXVI
saukuneebSi brwyinvale protoiberiuli kultura hyvaoda, romelsac Tanamedrove mecnierebi legendaruli mefis, minosis saxelis mixedviT minosurs uwodeben. minosuri samyaro, romelzedac Cven qvemoT ufro vrclad
gveqneba saubari, ar Semoifargvleboda mxolod kunZuli kretiT,
aramed mTels xmelTaSua zRvas
moicavda. saberZneTSi Tavad berZnebma Zv.w. XIV saukunidan Seqmnes swored is civilizacia, romelic aisaxa miTebSi persevze, Tesevssa da herakleze.
aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom ukve
mamuli
didi xania gamokvleulia winaberZnuli kulturebisa da qarTveluri kulturis naTesaoba da
maTi ganviTarebis istoria, magram
ratomRac maT ar uweven saTanado popularizebas. es sakiTxi Tavisebur tabus warmoadgens, romlis gamoaSkaravebas didad aravin cdilobs.
profesor rismarg gordezians
aqvs mniSvnelovani mignebebi iliadaSi moxseniebul tomTa eTnogenezisis gamokvlevisas. mis mier
gamovlenilia mWidro kavSiri qarTuli kulturasa da etruskuls,
likiurs, kariulsa da mcire aziis mcxovreb mosaxleobasTan da
upirvels yovlisa troasTan.
troa bevrad ufro Zveli samyaroa vidre berZnuli. berZnebis
saxelganTqmuli laSqroba ar unda
iqnas gagebuli mxolod samxedro TvalsazrisiT, vinaidan elinebi laSqroben troaSi sakraluri, misteriuli sibrZnis paladiumis mopovebisaTvis, romelic
im xanebSi mxolod protoiberiul modgmas gaaCnda. troas iberul samyarosadmi kuTvnilebis erTerTi damadasturebeli faqtia
TviTon troelebis mier aqevelebisaTvis davis mizezis dasaxeleba. troelebi uxsnian aqavelebs,
rom iseve rogorc adre maT mostaces qali medea, axla samagierod troelebma mostaces berZnebs elene. amdenad elene troelebis anu kolxebis monaTesave
tomebis mier aris motacebuli,
romlebsac amiT berZnebisaTvis, maT
mier warsulSi miyenebuli Seuracxyofis samagieros gadaxda
surdaT. troaelebi, kolxebi da
minosuri kultura dasavleTSi,
xolo Sumerebi aRmosavleTSi, erTad qmnian uZveles, protoiberiul samyaros, romelsac xmelTaSua zRvis mTeli auzi da mcire
aziis didi nawili ekava. magram
rogorc mogaxseneT, xdeba yovelive amis tabuireba da indoevropuli kulturis win wamoweva,
misi mniSvnelobis xazgasma. arada,
realuri istoriuli peripetiebis Seswavlidan naTlad Cans, rom
indoevropuli kultura mxolod
meore aTaswleulidan aRzevda, rodesac dakninda proto-iberiuli
samyaro.
troas omi faqtiurad aris pe-
riodi, rodesac indoevropuli
modgma ukve mZlavrobs saberZneTSi da mcire aziaSi, xolo iberiuli samyaro dekadens ganicdis.
aqve unda aRiniSnos erTi friad
yuradsaRebi momenti berZenTa
udidesi gmiri aqilevsi warmoSobiT swored rom iberieli, pelazgia, maSin rodesac agamemnoni
da menelaosi wminda elinuri warmoSobis arian.
troas omi warmoadgens konfliqts elinur samyarosa da protoiberiul samyaros Soris troa
iberiuli samyaros warmomadgenelia, xolo aqavelebi elinuri, Tumca maT Soris bevri pelazgic
aris. am konfliqtSi ikveTeba elinTa umTavresi mizani paladiumis
anu sibrZnis motaceba, romelic
simbolurad troaseuli cxenis
meSveobiT xorcieldeba.
marTalia, simbolurad paladiumi am miTSi qalis, elenes saxiT
gvevlineba, magram elene xom aris
simbolo Zveli warmarTuli sofiisa sibrZnis. sofiis motaceba
da Semdeg misi gamoxsna gavrcelebuli motivia uZveles miTebsa
da eposebSi. xolo cxeni ki ezoTerul poeziaSi warmoadgens inteleqtis simbolos. aqavelTa anu
elinTa misia inteleqtis ganviTareba aris ukve axali etapi
cnobierebis ganviTarebaSi, maSin
rodesac kolxuri, troaseuli, pelazguri da minosuri kultura
warmoadgens naTelmxilvelur
kulturas, romelic win uswrebs
inteleqtismier, azrovnebiT kulturas.
kacobriobis erTerT udides
Secdomas warmoadgens berZnuli
miTebis avtorebis ara sworad
gansazRvra. Zveli berZnuli miTebis umravlesobaSi asaxuli aris
ara berZnuli, aramed pelazguri
anu protoiberiuli sinamdvile.
amas aRniSnavda germaneli filosofosi Selingic da pelazgur
epoqas ganmartavda, rogorc naTelmxilveluri sibrZnis epoqas.
SemdgomSi berZnebis didma gmirebma persevsma, Tesevsma da sxvebma
pelazguri kulturis naSTebze
aages axali, aranaklebi masStabis
azrovnebiTi, inteleqtismieri elinuri kultura.
rogorc cnobilia, ~berZnuli~
miTebis erTerTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani personaJia titani promeTe, romelic uSualod aris dakavSirebuli protoiberiul kulturasTan.
vin aris promeTe? am kiTxvaze
pasuxis gasacemad, saWiroa gavixsenoT, rom miTosi da miTologia
ar aris identuri cnebebi. miTosi aris miTebis samyaro, xolo
miTologia am samyaros ganmarteba, misi mniSvneloba. aqedan gamomdinare miTosis wyaros warmoadgens protoiberiuli kultura,
xolo miTologiis safuZvels
elinuri. ~berZnuli~ miTebis sinamdvile Seqmnilia pelazgebis mier,
xolo elinebis mier igi sistematizirebuli da interpretirebulia. arc homerosi da arc hesiode, antikuri periodis es gigantebi, ar arin Semoqmedni miTebisa,
aramed isini arian miTologosebi
pelazguri miTosis sistematizatorebi da ganmmartebelni.
moamzada
aleko miqaberiZem
(dasasruli Semdeg nomerSi)
TviTmfrinavis kabinaSi, hermetulad dagmanul kars miRma
zis kaci, urTules saqmeSi Tavidan bolomde gacnobierebuli,
CvenTvis ase Soreuli da mainc Zalian axlobeli. kaci, romelmac vaJkacurad itvirTa uaRresad sapasuxismgeblo profesiis umZimesi tvirTi da romelsac mokle, magram bevrismTqmeli saxeli hqvia - mfrinavi!..
rogoria TviTmfrinavis kabinis iluminatoridan maTi TvaliT danaxuli ca da dedamiwa? ras ganicdian, roca abariaT
asobiT adamianis sicocxle? ra gansxvavebas xedaven maSin,
roca Cveulebriv frenas asruleben da maSin, rodesac qveynis
prezidentTan erTad specreisiT miemgzavrebian ucxoeTSi?
am da sxva kiTxvebze sapasuxod aviakompania “jorjia earveisis” mfrinavs gaga kaxuraSvils mivmarTeT:
- duSeTSi davibade da gavizarde. ar maxsovs, rodis gamiCnda survili, mfrinavi gavmxdariyavi, magram is ki arasodes damaviwydeba, rogor SemZra Sinaganad giorgi danelias filmma “miminom”. maSin davisaxe miznad, rom
mec mfrinavi vyofiliyavi. raRas
ar vakeTebdi, xeze mqonda TviTmfrinavis “kabina” mowyobili, totebSi Cavjdebodi da “Sturvals”
vatrialebdi. Cems oTaxSi rom
SemosuliyaviT, aviaciis muzeumi
gegonebodaT...
skolaSi rom mivedi, maswavlebelma, rogorc yvelas, mec damawerina momavali profesiis Sesaxeb. ase davwere sityva-sityviT:
“me minda gavxde “liotCiki”. mogvianebiT, rodesac ocneba amixda,
maswavlebelma momitana Cemi naweri
da maCvena, aRarc ki maxsovda, Zalian
amaRelvebeli siurprizi iyo...
- mainc rogor gaxdi “liotCiki”?
- 1990 wels davamTavre skola da im welsve Cavabare kievis
samoqalaqo aviaciis institutSi. I-li kursi warCinebiT davxure. amasobaSi, pirvelad, damoukidebeli saqarTvelos istoriaSi, TbilisSi gaixsna saaviacio
instituti. Zalian mindoda, rom
pirveli gamoSvebis kursdamTavrebulTa Soris mec vyofiliyavi da miuxedavad imisa, rom erT
wels vkargavdi, TbilisSi gadmovitane sabuTebi.
gaxsovT, albaT, ra mZime wlebi
iyo saqarTveloSi, gaWirveba, areuloba, afxazeTis omi... Teoria
Seviswavle, magram praqtikaze laparakic ki zedmeti iyo. savaldebulo frenebic ki ver gaviareT...
sawvavis uqonlobis gamo(!), es ki
imas niSnavda, rom mfrinavis sertifikats ver miviRebdiT. Cavabare saxelmwifo gamocda da momces
diplomi inJiner-meqanikos-mfrinavis kvalifikaciiT. praqtikis
uqonlobis gamo marto inJinrad
SemeZlo muSaoba, mfrinavobaze ocnebas unda gamovTxovebodi, sxva
gamosavali, ubralod, ar Canda.
mfrinavis sertifikatis misaRebad aucilebeli frenis saaTebi
rom dagvegrovebina, uzarmazari
Tanxa iyo saWiro. saidan mogvetana? amis gamo im biWebis umravlesoba, romlebic oTxi wlis
manZilze TavauRebliv swavlobdnen da mfrinavis profesiaze ocnebobdnen, faqtobrivad dakarga qarTulma aviaciam. zogi sad wavida,
zogi - sad, sul sxva saqmes mohkides xeli...
- xeli Caiqnie?
- kinaRam sasowarkveTilebaSi
Cavvardi. gadamzadebas daaxloebiT 10 aTasi dolari undoda.
sxva gamosavali rom ver vnaxe,
mSoblebisgan malulad TbilisSi bina gavyide da moskovSi wavedi. yvela giJad mTvlida, magram arafris gagoneba ar mindoda. “dosaafSi” vifrine 260 saaTi. 3 Tve viyavi moskovSi, didi
gaWirveba gadavitane, magram swavlisTvis Tavi ar daminebebia. movagrove frenis saaTebi, Camovedi
TbilisSi, warvadgine sabuTebi departamentSi da aviRe sertifikati, romelic maZlevda konkretul TviTmfrinavze gadamzadebis uflebas, raTa damewyo frena
romelime aviakompaniaSi. sabuTebiT me ukve mfrinavi viyavi, es
iyo Cemi pirveli gamarjveba...
- frena rodis daiwye?
- frenis dawyeba ase martivad
ar xdeba. jer trenaJorze unda
gamevlo specmomzadeba. gamiwies
Suamdgomloba da iqac Cemi TanxebiT gaviare specialuri prog-
ise igrZeni, TiTqos trenaJorze
xar, aba, Sen icio. am sityvebma
gamomafxizla, pirjvari gadaviwere, nela movwie Sturvali da
avfrindi. maxsovs, rogor aiwia
haerSi laineri. uRrublo ca
iyo Cem win, idealuri meteorologiuri pirobebi. ise vifrineT
is reisi, avtopiloti ar CaurTavs meTaurs, sul xeliT vmarTavdi, undoda, bolomde SemegrZno TviTmfrinavi...
“Òàêèå ïèëîòû= êàê âû=
-o...
íà óëèöå íå âàëÿþòñÿ“-o...
- gaviare 50 safrenosno saaTis aucilebeli etapi da dadga
Cemi cxovrebis urTulesi periodi. axla ukve mfrinavi viyavi
da SemeZlo nebismier aviakompaniaSi muSaoba, magram reisebi iyo
cota, didi iyo konkurencia mfrinavebs Soris da me, axalbedas, vin
mimiRebda samuSaod? arada,
Tu muSaobas ar daviwyebdi,
eqvsi Tvis Semdeg isev sakuTari TanxebiT unda gamevlo trenaJorze specmomzadeba... axali daojaxebuli
viyavi, riT gverCina Tavi? Cemi meuRle - xaTuna yovel
cismare dRes pirjvars gadamwerda da locviT macilebda. yoveldRe davdiodi
departamentSi da vijeqi saRamomde ufrosis misaRebSi.
mere ki vbrundebodi Sin imedgacruebuli. ase grZeldeboda
Tveebis manZilze. faqtobrivad
wyalSi meyreboda amdeni Sroma
da wvaleba. erT dRes, roca megona, xsna arsaidan iyo, bedma ga-
romlebic ara marto saqarTveloSi, aramed mTel msoflioSi
arian dafasebuli, rogorc samoqalaqo aviaciis namdvili asebi:
madloba minda vuTxra Cemi aviakompaniis xelmZRvanelobas, romelmac saSualeba momca, “boingze” gamevlo gadamzadeba da regularulad mefrina.
- tu-sa da “boings” Soris
didi gansxvavebaa?
- mfrinavebi amboben: maT Soris iseTi sxvaobaa, rogoric “Jigulsa” da bolo modelis “mersedess” Soriso. “boings” xumrobiT “pensionerebis” TviTmfrinavs eZaxian, imdenad komfortuli da iolad samarTavia.
- araerTxel msmenia, rom qarTul safrenosno skolas didi
avtoriteti aqvs msoflioSi...
- rusebi amboben xolme: “Åñëè
ãðóçèí ðèñêóåò= òî îí îáÿçàòåëüíî ñÿäåò!“-o. qarTveli
mfrinavebis profesionalizms
yvelgan aRiareben da pativs scemen. afxazeTis omSi rac qarTvelma mfrinavebma gaakeTes, es
me minda gavxde `liotCiki~
gvesaubreba prezidentis mfrinavi
rama. trenaJorze swavlebis umkacresi pirobebia. aq Tu uSecdomod ar gaiare yvela etapi,
frenis uflebas aravin mogcems.
es etapebi ki marto Teoria ar
aris, trenaJorze frenis zusti
imitacia xdeba, maT Soris avariuli situaciebisa da yovelive
es uSecdomod unda daZlio. warmatebiT gaviare specmomzadebac,
magram es jer kidev ar niSnavda
imas, rom me ukve mfrinavi viyavi.
saamisod 50 saaTi unda mefrina
samoqalaqo aviareisiT. didi Zalisxmevis Semdeg movipove amis
ufleba...
“aba, afrindi!..”
- albaT dRemde gaxsovs Seni
pirveli reisi...
- amis daviwyeba SeuZlebelia!
unda mefrina reisiT TbilisiquTaisi-moskovi. gamocxadda gafrenis dro da eki paJis Semadgenloba. mRelvarebisgan winaRames
ar mZinebia. gaTenda es dRec.
gaviareT winaswari momzadeba. tu134 asafren zolze gaviyvaneT da
xomaldis meTaurma iuri arzumanianma RimiliT, TiTqos sxvaTa
Soris, miTxra: “aba, afrindi!..” batoni iuri dRemde ixsenebs: gaocebisgan gafarToebuli Seni
Tvalebi arasodes damaviwydebao!..
guls iseTi bagabugi gahqonda,
megona, salonSic ki esmodaT. meTaurma damamSvida: - gaga, Tavi
miRima da mimiRo departamentis
ufrosma jemal margveliZem. es
iyo erTaderTi adamiani, vinc am
xnis ganmavlobaSi momismina. iseTi gancdiT movuyevi yvelaferi,
im wuT-Si aiRo yurmili da daureka “saqarTvelos aviaxazebis”
generalur direqtors demur lelaZes: - axla SenTan mova axalgazrda mfrinavi da Zalian gTxov,
mousmineo... batonma demurma momismina. Sesabamisi samsaxuris ufrosi gamoiZaxa da uTxra: - am
kacs imxela gza aqvs gamovlili
da iseTi wvaleba unaxavs, sacodaobaa misi gareT datoveba, dReidan is Cveni TanamSromeli iqnebao...
arasodes damaviwydeba is dRe,
1997 wlis 15 aprili. rogor
“gamovfrindi” Tbilisidan, ar maxsovs. Sin misulma col-Svili
gulSi Cavikari da Tvalcremliani mxolod erT sityvas vimeorebdi: - mimiRes!.. am dRes gavxdi
namdvili mfrinavi...
“Åñëè ãðóçèí ðèñêóåò=
òî îí îáÿçàòåëüíî ñÿäåò!““
- dRes ukve gamocdili mfrinavi xar da sxvas uziareb gamocdilebas. ra mogca profesionalizmis TvalsazrisiT ganvlilma wlebma?
- uzarmazari gamocdileba SemZina. me iseTi maswavleblebis da
instruqtorebis xelSi gaviare,
mamuli
marto profesionalizmi ki ara,
gmiroba gaxldaT. maTi yoveli
reisi sicocxlisa da sikvdilis
Widili iyo. tyviebis zuzunSi,
dasaSvebze meti woniT gadatvirTuli, xSirad almodebuli da
mwyobridan gamosuli TviTmfrinavis mSvidobianad dasma safren
bilikze, mxolod namdvil virtuozs SeuZlia. ucxoeli piloti aseT risks arasodes gaswevs! guli mwydeba, rom am yvelaferma ise Caiara, TiTqos Cveulebrivi ambavi iyo da meti araferi. arada, im ambebis monawileni namdvili gmirebi arian!..
- evropis zonaSi frena, Cvengan
gansxvavebiT, bevri specifikuri
niuansiT gamoirCeva?
- gansxvaveba didi ar aris, ubralod, SeCveva unda. pirvelad
aTenSi gavfrindi. dispetCeri iseTi aqcentiT laparakobda, rom
TiTqmis araferi mesmoda. mere
TandaTan alRo avuRe. ungreTis
zonaSi Sesvlisas iqauri dispetCeri yovelTvis qarTulad gvesalmeba da gvemSvidobeba, asevea
ukrainis zonaSic. Cvenc vcdilobT maTTan idealuri urTierToba gvqondes, radgan am samsaxurTan SeTanxmebuli moqmedebis
gareSe TviTmfrinavis marTva SeuZlebelia.
- gaga, Sen araerTxel gifrenia
saqarTvelos prezidentTan erTad.
ra gansxvavebaa Cveulebriv da specreisebs Soris da riT dagamaxsovraT Tavi mixeil saakaSvilma?
- profesionaluri TvalsazrisiT, aranairi gansxvaveba ar
aris. prezidentic CvenTvis iseTive mgzavria, rogoric sxva. ubralod, amaRelvebeli gancdaa, rodesac amxela ndobas gicxadeben.
araerTxel gvifrenia erTad. pirvelad kievSi, bolos italiaSi,
romSic gvqonda reisi. Zalian
daZabuli samuSao reJimi aqvs
prezidents, magram frenisas aucileblad gamonaxavs dros CvenTan Semosasvlelad, saTiTaod mogvikiTxavs, gagvesaubreba. Zalian
uSualoa, ise Tbilad dagelaparakeba, rom yovelgvar kompleqsebs mogixsnis. yvelaferi ainteresebs, Cveni profesiis umciresi
niuansebic ki. iseT detalebSia
gaTviTcnobierebuli, xandaxan mik-virs kidec...
Zalian mindoda masTan erTad suraTis gadaReba, magram karga xans ver Sevbede.
bolos, romSi rom mivfrinavdiT, vTxove: - batono prezidento, SeiZleba TqvenTan
suraTi gadaviRo-meTqi? - maSinve miTxra: - siamovnebiTo! xeli gadamxvia da gadaviReT. avtografic damitova: - “gaga, erTad gavimarjvebT!..” damSvidobebisas aucileblad Semodis kabinaSi, madlobas gvixdis, uRrublo zecas
da mSvidobian frenas gvisurvebs
da ise gvtovebs...
- SesaSuri profesia gaqvs,
“Êàæäûé äåíü ïðåçèäåíòà
âèäèøü= àêàäåìèêà âèäèøü=
àðòèñòà âèäèøü“...
- (icinis) iStoianis naxvaRa
maklia!.. marTlac bevr cnobil
adamianTan erTad mifrenia. erTxel buba kikabiZe Semovida kabinaSi da vuTxari: - Tqven rom
ar yofiliyaviT, mfrinavi verasodes gavxdebodi-meTqi. movuyevi, ra roli iTamaSa Cems cxovrebaSi “miminom”. momexvia batoni buba da makoca...
- albaT gaxsovs “miminos” finali, TviTmfrinavidan “gadmoxtomaze” rom laparakobs valiko
mizandari...
- mesmis, risi Tqma gsurs. saocari grZnobaa, rodesac Sin brundebi da saqarTvelos zonaSi Semodixar. aq yvelaferi Tbili da
mSobliuria. erTi Sexedav samarTav pultze dasvenebul RvTismSoblis xats, Sturvals daawvebi da...
P.S. “pativcemulo mgzavrebo,
Cveni reisi dasrulda. madlobas
mogaxsenebT, rom isargebleT Cveni momsaxurebiT... xomaldis meTauri da eki paJi gemSvidobebaT
saukeTeso survilebiT...”
mere yvelaferi Tavidan iwyeba. taatiT gaiyvans TviTmfrinavs asafren zolze, ufals SesTxovs mfarvelobas da zecaSi
aiWreba... SturvalTan dajdomis
win ki yovelTvis gaaxsendeba odesRac bavSvuri xeliT qaRaldze
dawerili, dRes ukve frTaSesxmuli ocneba: - “me minda gavxde
“liotCiki!..”
zviad sexniaSvili
19
igi aSS-Si aTi wlis win Camovida, misi moqalaqeoba nebas
aZlevs samSobloSi stumrad mainc Cavides, magram es jer ar
momxdara. darCenas ar apirebda,
magram darCa, darCa da gaumarTla
kidec. gaumarTla, magram didi
Sromisa da nebisyofis fasad.
dRes paata ciquriSvilis Teatri vaSingtonSi metad warmatebuli Teatria. iq idgmeba iseTi speqtaklebi, romelTa msgavsic qarTvelebs didi xania, gvenateba. mxatvroba - gogi aleqsi-mesxiSvilisa, musika - gia yanCelisa da vato kaxiZisa, mTavar
rolebSi irakli da kaxi kavsaZeebi, dasi amerikuli, energia
da muxti qarTuli, forma axali da Tanamedrove. mravali prizisa da jildos mflobeli
speqtaklebis avtori-reJisori
arafers nanobs, Tumca erTis
eSinia, grZnobs, rom TandaTan sakuTar saxes kargavs, anu imas,
riTic misi xelovneba sazrdoobs da im garemoSi ireva, sadac
cxovrobs da moRvaweobs.
saqarTvelos kinematografiis erovnuli centrisa da tekelompania “mzis” iniciativiTa da daxmarebiT reJisorma levan koRuaSvilma am filmis gadaReba erTi wlis win daiwo. “patara Teatri vaSingtonSi” Tbiliselma mayurebelma kinoTetr
“amiranis” mcire darbazSi “amarkordSi” pirvelad ixila da
aramarto levan koRuaSvilis
xelovnebas Caukvirda, aramed vaSingtonis qarTuli Teatris erTi romelime speqtaklis naxvis
didi survilic gauCnda.
premiera gaga CxeiZisa da eldar mdinaraZis gamosvliT daiwyo. “saqarTvelos kinematografiis erovnulma centrma mokrZalebuli wvlili Seitana am
filmis gadaRebaSi. rogorc mogexsenebaT, kinocentri finansurad exmareba produserebs, saprodiusero kompaniebs, Cven ar
vereviT arc SemoqmedebiT procesSi da ar gavcemT brZanebebs.
mixaria, rom es filmi Sedga.
gamovida Zalian saintereso dokumenturi filmi axalgazrda
Semoqmed kacze. adamianze, rome-
20
lic Cadis misTvis sruliad
ucxo qveyanaSi, Caaqvs Tavisi samyaro, aarsebs Teatrs, aRwevs warmatebebs, amave dros es aris filmi emigrantze, romelic kargavs
erovnul identobas da es tkivilic kargadaa gadmocemuli.
reJisoruli namuSevaric, vTvli,
rom Zalian sainteresoa” - erovnuli kinocentris xelmZRvanelis es azri telekompania “mzis”
warmomadgenelma, filmis prodiuserma, batonma eldar mdinaraZem ganavrco: “levan koRuaSvilis es namuSevari SarSan iqna ideaSi ganxiluli. me masTan
Zalian bevri maqvs namuSevari.
Tamamad SemiZlia vTqva, rom saqme gvaqvs maRali klasis, sakmaod Camoyalibebul, sakuTari
xelweris mqone ostatTan. SeimCneva, rom mas didi skola aqvs
gavlili jer marlen xucievTan da Semdeg niu iorkSi. Cven
TemasTan muSaobis procesSi
gvqonda seriozuli sja-baasi, es
filmi Tavidan bolomde ise iqna
Camoyalibebuli, rom maSinve
vgrZnobdi, rom Zalian seriozul namuSevarTan gveqneboda saqme. Tqven Zalian gemovnebiani mayureblebi brZandebiT da SemiZ-
formiTa da SinaarsiT erTdroulad gviCvenebs adamians, romelmac myari xasiaTisa da Sromismoyvareobis wyalobiT mizans
miaRwia, paralelurad exeba Teatris muSaobas, garemomcvelTa
portretebsa da
saerTod, iqaur
yofasa da cxovrebas. filmSi
absolurutad
gamarTulia
dramaturgiuli kompozicia,
mSvenieria operatoruli namuSevaric.
paata ciquriSvili erTdroulad xelovanicaa da
emigrantic. adamiani, romlis namuSevrebic mTlianad qarTul
ritmsa da tempzea agebuli. es
ori ki yvelaze mniSvnelovania,
miT ufro maSin, roca saqme ara
Cveulebriv dramatul, aramed erTgvar sinTezur TeatrTan gvaqvs.
yofilma pantomimis msaxiobma
vaSingtonSi iseTi Teatri Ca-
xiZesTan, Seqmna iseTi Teatri
rogorisac sjeroda, muSaobs ise,
rogorc swams da esmis: bolomde ixarjeba da nebismier msaxiobs pirad magaliTs aZlevs.
levan koRuaSvilis yvelaze
vidre mosaubre ambobs, Tumca
araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar aris
araviTari metaforuli azrovneba reJisorisa, yvelaferi martivi da sadaa. swored amaSia
am filmis upirvelesi xibli.
dResdReobiT
qarTul TeKTDFY RJQEFIDBKB
atrs
vaSingtoABKVPT VEIFJ,BCFC
nSi didi warmateba aqvs. weliwadSi sam premieras, or aRdgenil speqtakls
da erT eqsperiments sTavazoben mayurebels. am wlebis
ganmavlobaSi
araerTi Teatraluri oskarisa da prizis
mflobelni gaxdnen. iTamaSes
“hamleti”, “medidi damsaxureba, Cemi azriT dea”, “bohemia”, “salomea”, “stuisaa, rom man im mTavari Rirse- mar-maspinZeli” da sxva mravali.
bis warmoCena moaxerxa, rac am im dRes, roca Cven levan koRuadamians da mis Teatrs aqvs: aSvilis films vuyurebdiT, patagamarTuli idea, mizani da aR- ra Teatri vaSingtonSi kidev
mzdelobiTi daniSnuleba. anu erT premieras waradgenda, ori
is, rasac Teatrebi saqarTvelo- kviris win ki irina ciquriSvils
ukve meoTxe oskari gadasces
saukeTeso qoreografiisTvis.
aTi wlis win axalgazrda
artistma maspinZlebis ena saerTod ar icoda, kidec eSinoda da kidec dardobda. rom
ara restoranSi Sesrulebuli
nomeri “jiuti buSti”, romeSi yovelgvari sinanulis gare- lic impresariom naxa, misi
Se martivad elevian.
cxovreba ase ar warimarTebo“patara Teatri vaSington- da. dRes igi warmatebuli reSi” ar aris filmi mxolod Jisoria, aqvs sakuTari Teatri,
qarTvel col-qmarze, romelmac sakuTari dasi, megobrebi, ojaucxo qveyanaSi ucxo sirTu- xi. mZime magram savse cxovreba.
leebs Tavi gaarTva, es agreTve zustad ar icis, dabrundeba Tu
is filmia, romelic zogadad ara, magram es ar aris misTvis
xelovanebze gvelaparakeba. miu- mTavari problema, vaSingtonSi
xedavad mravali saintereso ka- mas patara saqarTvelo aqvs mowdrisa, yvelaze metad im fragmen- yobili, paatas mxolod erTis,
tma momxibla, roca savarjiSo sakuTari identurobis dakardarbazSi wreze morbenali sxeu- gvis eSinia da Tu es moxdeba,
lebi Cans, musika feTqavs, adami- Tu misi namdvili saxe marTlac
anebi ubralod sunTqaven, kamera sadRac gaqreba; zustad icis
erTi mimarTulebiT Cerdeba da rom misi “gansakuTrebuli xeadamianebi isev sunTqaven. zogi- lovnebac” gauCinardeba.
sofo kilasonia
erTi kadri imaze mets xatavs,
qarTuli monologi StatebSi
filmi masze, visac gaumarTla
lia Tamamad giTxraT da mogilocoT, rom filmi aris Zalian maRal doneze gakeTebuli yvela parametrSi. filmis naxvis
Semdeg gagexardebaT, rom varT
qarTvelebi. saqme gvaqvs mwife
reJisorTan. mixaria, rom am saqmeSi, raRac wvlili miuZRvis telekompania “mzes”.
levan koRuaSvilis erTsaaTiani dokumenturi filmi mTlianad monologzea agebuli. kamera da montaJic reJisors ekuTvnis. paata ciquriSvili sakuTar istorias imdenad martivad
da uSualod gviyveba, mayurebels
ar bezrdeba smena da SigadaSig
eRimeba kidec. filmi sakuTari
moayaliba, romlis msgavsi iq
ar aris. mis speqtaklebSi aris
sityvac, Tumca mTavari mainc
dinamika, plastika, mimika da ubralod moZraobaa. swored is
moZraoba, romlis saSualebiTac
albaT yvelafris Tqma da gadmocemaa SesaZlebeli da amas
mSvenivrad mimxvdara marTlac
niWieri reJisori.
“Cemi cxovreba geografiulad
Zalian martivia: Teatri, saxli,
repeticia, premiera, saxli, repeticia... amerikaSi Zalian gamimarTla.” - amerikaSi man mizans
miaRwia da ocneba realobad eqca. muSaobs gia yanCelTan, gogi
aleqsi-mesxiSvilTan, vato ka-
mamuli
...simarTle giTxraT, ar maxsovs, ramdeni wlis viyavi - ase,
cxra-aTis. Sin vTamaSobdi da
mamaCemis wignebSi viqeqebodi. Zalian miyvarda ufrosebis wignebis Tvaliereba da maSinac am
saqmiT gaxldiT garTuli.
fexburTze zogadi warmodgena mqonda. mamas stadionze davyavdi da vicodi, rom taimebs
Soris lataria TamaSdeboda.
isic vicodi, rom “dinamo” Cemi
sayvareli klubi unda yofiliyo, am gundis fexburTelebi ki,
ubralod, unda myvareboda.
da radgan ramdenime moTamaSis saxeli gagonili mqonda, Tarodan gadmovardnilma wignma, romelzec axalgazrda kacis suraTi iyo gamosaxuli warweriT
“vitali daraselia”, umal mii pyro Cemi yuradReba.
gadavaTvaliere. Tbilisis
“dinamos” ramdenime gunduri foto iyo. umal makrateli movimarjve da suraTebi amovWeri.
saqmianobas rom movrCi, sul bolos wavikiTxe - vitali daraselias gols “dinamosTvis” raRac Tasi moutania.
roca momdevno wigni gadmoviRe Tarodan, romelic swored
xsenebul gamarjvebas eZRvneboda da romelsac “diuseldorfis rainStadionze” erqva, usazRvrod gavixare. maSin im gamarjvebis mniSvneloba zustad iseve mqonda gaTviTcnobierebuli,
rogorc fexburTis arsi. swored amitom is wignic Cems makratels “emsxverpla”.
roca gavizarde da diuseldorfSi mogebuli Tasis mniSvnelobas mivxvdi, vinane, rom ori,
marTlac istoriuli wigni Sin
aRar mqonda. nacnob-megobrebSi
ki daveZebdi, magram am wignebis
povnis yvela cda 90-iani wlebis dasawyisis TbilisSi amao
gamodga.
...1993 wels Tbilisis “dinamo”, romelsac im dros ukve alalad vqomagobdi da romelic im
droisTvis Cemi yvelaze sayvareli klubi iyo, CempionTa Tasis
gaTamaSebaSi CaerTo. Crdiloirlandiur “linfildTan” matCis
win televiziiT “liverpulTan”,
“vest hem iunaitedTan” (londonSi), “feienoordTan” da “karl
caisTan” dinamoelTa brwyinvale gamarjvebebi gviCvenes. maSin
kidev erTxel vinane bavSvuri
ancobis gamo.
dRes, diuseldorfSi mopovebuli brwyinvale gamarjvebidan
ocdaoTxi wlis Semdeg, orive
wigni maqvs, magram maT daTvalierebas veridebi. vici, gadavSli
wignebs da guli sevdiT amevseba
- didi “dinamo” aRaraa, Cvens
Soris aRar arian vitali daraselia, daviT yifiani, saukunis
gamarjvebis sulisCamdgmeli nodar axalkaci...
am wignebis Tvalierebisas eWvi mi pyrobs - nuTu ase Zlierni
viyaviT, rom evroTasis mflobelni gavxdiT? axla, roca beberi
kontinentis safexburTo grandTa TamaSebs vuyureb, meSinia kidec - vfiqrob, rom Cemi “dinamo” mTavar jildoebs araTu moigebs, verasdros miuaxlovdeba da
TasTa Tasi erTaderT saerTaSoriso gamarjvebad dagvrCeba.
raoden Zneli saTqmelic un-
ajnj
yjcnfkubf
1981 wlis
13 maisi roca Cven
bednierebi
viyaviT
24 weli `dinamos~ gamarjvebidan
da iyos, mgonia, rom Tanamedrove
fexburTi ise win gagveqca, misi
daweva lamis irealuri gaxda.
miWirs amaze fiqri, magram simarTle xSirad araa iseTi, rogoric gvinda rom iyos.
arada, “dinamo” marTlac Zalian Zlieri iyo! “dinamo” iyo
is gundi, romelic evrograndebs
tol-sworad eTamaSeboda, “baiernsa” Tu “benfikas” kudiT qvas
asrolinebda, “liverpuls” miwasTan asworebda, “feienoords”
gaanadgurebda da yvelafer amas
didi gamarjvebiT - Tasebis
mflobelTa Tasis mogebiT daagvirgvinebda!
is, rac 1981 wlis 13 maiss
Tbiliselebma diuseldorfis
“rainStadionze” moaxerxes, bevrma didma klubma ver SeZlo.
Tasebis mflobelTa Tasi ise Cabarda evrofexburTis warsuls,
misi mogeba TviT madridis “realma” ver moaxerxa. aRarafers
vambob “interze”, “liverpulze”,
“benfikasa” da sxva saxelovan
klubebze.
Tbilisis “dinamom” ki SeZlo. SeZlo imitom, rom is “dinamo” brwyinvale gundi iyo, didebuli da marTlac evropuli
donis!
Cveni fexburTelebic varskvlavebi iyvnen am sityvis saukeTeso
gagebiT - aleqsandre CivaZes, daviT yifians, ramaz Sengelias, Tengiz sulaqveliZes, vladimer gucaevs, vitali daraselias da sxva
didebul moTamaSeebs siamovnebiT gadaibirebdnen igive “reali” Tu “baierni”, “barselona”
Tu “liverpuli”. magram sxva
dro iyo - bneli da Caketili.
1981 wlis 13 maiss Cvenma “dinamom” SeuZlebeli SeZlo - Tasebis mflobelTa Tasis mogebiT
Cveni fexburTelebi samudamod
Sevidnen ara marto qarTuli, zogadad, fexburTis istoriaSi.
Tu 1964 wels “dinamom” pirvelad dai pyro sabWoTa fexburTis olimpi, 1981 wels gundma
evropuli mwvervali dalaSqra.
msgavsi warmatebiT sabWoTa fexburTis flagmanebi moskovis
“spartaki” Tu “dinamo” ver da-
ikvexnidnen. es faqti CvenTvis
Zalian sasiamovno iyo!
sxvaTa Soris, evroTasebis istoriaSi “dinamo” dRemde yvelaze aRmosavluri gundia, visac ki odesme mougia Tundac
erTi jildo. esec meore sasiamovno faqti!
...1980 wlis 5 noembers Tbilisis “dinamom” Tasebis mflobelTa Tasis gaTamaSebis mervedfinalSi advilad daamarcxa irlandiuri “uoterfordi” 4:0
da meoTxedfinalSi gavida. kenWisyram dinamoelebs saxelganTqmuli inglisuri klubi “vest
hem iunaitedi” arguna metoqed.
Tbiliselebs seriozuli gamocda unda CaebarebinaT.
londonis “apton parkze” dinamoelTa TamaSma fexburTis yvela gulSematkivari aRafrTovana - Tbiliselebi Seudarebelni
iyvnen, mowinaaRmdeges sjobnidnen da goli golze gahqondaT.
dauviwyaria saSa CivaZis SemarTeba, daTo yifianis saocari
pasebi...
“dinamom” 4:1 moigo da ara
marto naxevarfinalSi gasvlaze
ganacxada pretenzia, TasTa Tassac seriozulad Seutia.
ingliselTa Semdeg iyo roterdamis “feienoordi”, aranakleb saxelganTqmuli da ambiciuri holandiuri klubi.
1981 wlis 8 aprils TbilisSi “dinamom” metoqes 3:0 sZlia
- Tengiz sulaqveliZis SeCereba
holandielebma ver SeZles. miuxedavad imisa, rom sapasuxo SexvedraSi metoqe yvelanairad ecada “dinamos” Zlevas, Tundac avstrieli msajis daxmarebiT, diuseldorfSi TamaSis ufleba mainc “dinamom” moi pova.
es ukve warmateba iyo!
magram Cven gacilebiT didi
sixaruli gveloda - 1981 wlis
13 maisis Rame!
gaxsovT is Rame?
wuTi wuTs misdevs, dro gadis da finalic axlovdeba...
megobrebTan ikribebiT an isini modian TqvenTan...
quCaSi moZraoba klebulobs,
nerviuloba ki, piriqiT - matu-
mamuli
lobs...
verc ki amCnevT, rom yvelaferi daviwyebas eZleva, garda erTisa - dRes finalia, TasTa Tasis finali!
aivanze gadixarT da sigarets
abolebT, bolTas scemT...
savarZelSi mokalaTebuli, teleekrans Tvals ar aSorebT da
dinamoelebis danaxvaze grZnobT,
rom guliscema Zalian matulobs.
Tvalebs xuWavT da natrobT,
rom es sasiamovno tanjva male
damTavrdes, oRond damTavrdes
ise, rogorc Tqven gindaT, rogorc unda mamas, dedas, Svils,
mezobels, megobars, TanamSromels,
ubnels, yvelas, visac qarTveli
hqvia da vinc gulSematkivrobs
“dinamos”...
gaismis italieli msajis rikardo latancis sastvenis xma
da brZola iwyeba:
“dinamo” Tu “karl caisi”?
Cven Tu isini?
kote maxaraZe auRelveblad,
dinjad saubrobs, metoqeTa Semadgenlobas Cveuli artistizmiT gvamcnobs...
ara, oRond es ara - usiamovno
fiqrebs ukuagdebT da rCebiT
Tqven, teleekrani da TamaSi, romelic TavisTavad xdeba istoriis kuTvnileba...
“dinamom” unda moigos! Cven
unda gavimarjvoT! sxvanairad ar
SeiZleba - es gamarjveba Cven
ufro gvWirdeba, vidre germanelebs...
pirveli taimi ugolod mTavrdeba...
kvlav aivani, dacarielebuli
ezo Tu quCa da vin icis, meramdene sigareti...
mezobelic Sefiqrianebulia,
TvalebiT ugebT erTmaneTs...
Tbilisi dums...
TxuTmeti wuTi swrafad garbis da isev Tavidan iwyeba yvelaferi - nerviuloba da sigareti, sigareti, sigareti...
63-e wuTze oTar gabelias
karSi goli gadis - “karl caisis” Seteva zusti dartymiT
mTavrdeba. Cvenebs hope sjis 0:1...
oTx wuTSi vova gucaevi ra-
maz Sengelias garjas ufasebs uZlieresi dartyma da 1:1!
saqarTveloSi, moskovSi, leningradSi, kievSi, yvelgan, sadac
qarTvelia, aTasobiT fanjara iReba
da quCebSi qomagTa gulebSi dagubebuli emocia iRvreba:
gooooooooool!
guli mkerdidan amovardnas
lamobs!
“dinamos” upiratesoba matulobs, Cvenebi ienelebs awvebian...
dro iwureba, angariSi ki 1:1ia
da maSin, roca damatebiT droze davfiqrdiT, daTom burTi vitalis gadaawoda, igi erTs gascda, meorec moatyua da daartya...
golia! gesmiT, golia! Cven gavitaneT!
isev aivso quCebi emociiT, isev
gaivso gulebi siyvaruliT!
Cven vtiriT, viciniT, vxtiT,
vyviriT, vRrialebT, gvinda, bolomde davicaloT emociisgan,
magram is usazRvroa da ulevi...
Tbilisi feTqdeba da siCumes
nTqavs...
sam wuTSi latanci TamaSs...
Tumca, ra TamaSs? es xom finalia, es xom oqros, saukunis matCia!
msaji saukunis matCs amTavrebs: 2:1 da Tasebis mflobelTa
Tasi Cvenia!
gabitaSvili da moparuli
burTi...
xizaniSvilis haerovani kocna...
emociisgan daclili farsadanoviCi...
zRva emocia, zRva sixaruli...
cremlebi, cremlebi, cremlebi...
zeimi TbilisSi da gaTenebuli 14 maisis Rame...
gadaWedili aeroporti da
“salami lomkacebs”...
oTari, Tamazi, saSa, nodari, gia,
vitali, zauri, nukri, Tengizi, vova,
daTo, ramazi, SoTa, vaJa, giorgi,
daTo, gia, revazi, vaxtangi, konstantine, gurami...
da, ra Tqma unda, nodar axalkaci!
Cven bednierebi viyaviT!
Cven bednierebi unda viyoT!
laSa goduaZe
21
saqarTveloSi gamomavalma Jurnalma `ar idardo~, romelic telekompania `imedis~ amave saxelwodebis gadacemis beWduri versiaa, mimdinare ivnisis nomerSi
dabeWda interviu gazeT `mamulis~ redaqtorTan manuCar kaWaxiZesTan. vfiqrobT, saintereso iqneboda es interviu Cveni gazeTis mkiTxvelebisaTvisac.
- iqneb ramodenime sityva
gviamboT Tqveni bavSvobis Sesaxeb?
- ar vici, gaxsovT Tu ara, magram
jiuti faqtia, rom maSindeli sabWoTa kavSiris uklebliv yvela gazeTi, sakavSiro Tu respublikuri,
auwyebda sazogadoebas Cems dabadebas. da ara marto Cems... CemTan
erTad Cemi ori tyupiscalis dabadebasac... Cvens dabadebas deda Seewira, maSin igi 20 wlis studenti
iyo... es 1979 wlis 25 marts moxda, zustad im dRes, roca didma manuCarma, maCaiZem, sakuTar dabadebis
dRes liverpulTan goli gaitana.
gadawyda, rom CemTvis manuCari daerqmiaT da ara tarieli, avTandili an fridoni. Cems tyupiscalebsac mouZebnes saxelebi ise, rom
sawyisi asoTagan Cveni gardacvlili
dedis saxeli, manana migveRo. aba,
daakvirdiT: man-uCari, an-zori, a-vTandili.
aseve bavSvobaSi gardamecvala mamac,
quTaisSi momxdari aviakatastrofis
Sedegad... sakmaod adreul asakSi
momiwia cxovrebis mxarze akideba...
14 wlisa quTaisSi gamomavali beWduri axalgazrduli gazeTis `aSrialis~ redaqtori gavxdi, Semdeg
Jurnali `jejilic~ aRvadgineT,
amas daemata gazeTebi `axalgazrda
quTaiseli~ da `axali saqarTvelo
21-e~, mokled bavSobidan aqa vzivar,
JurnalistikaSi...
- rogor moxvdiT amerikaSi?
ra mizniT waxvediT?
- ooo, es sruliad daugegmavad,
da me vityodi, eqspromtadac moxda... megobars surda amerikaSi gamgzavreba da daxmareba mTxova vizis
misaRebad. raRa gavagrZelo da, saWiroebam moiTxova, rom am vizitisaTvis delegaciis saxe migveca, konsulTan Sesvlac momiwia. axali
gardacvlili iyo kenedi umcrosi
da mec ra Tqma unda mivusamZimre,
vuTxari, rom marTlac gulsatkenia is sakraluri tragediebi, rac
saerTod am gvaris warmomadgenlebs
SeemTxvaT-meTqi. `am sami dRis manZilze pirveli adamiani xarT, visganac aseT Tbil samZimars vismeno~mi pasuxa. ai, yvelaferi mas Semdeg
moxda... `ojaxurma sabWom~ maiZula amerikaSi 6 TviT mainc wasvla...
mas Semdeg SemovrCi aqaurobas, 6
Tvec gavida da 6 welic!
- ratom gagiCndaT survili
amerikasa da kanadaSi qarTuli
gazeTi gamogecaT?
- es survili ki ara, aucilebloba iyo. 4 wlis winaT gamovida
qarTuli gazeTis `iveria~ pirveli
nomeri. igi araprofesionalebis mier
gakeTebuli, magram mainc qarTuli
gazeTi iyo... qarTul Srifts, qarTul sityvas aq Seufasebeli fasi
aqvs. saqarTveloSi SeiZleba gazeTis ubrad dagdebuli nagleji dainaxo, aq ver dainaxav! mkiTxveli
saTuTad ufrTxildeba TiToeul
gverds... `iveriis~ gamomcemelma redaqtorad mimiwvia, TiTqmis weliwadnaxevari vredaqtorobdi gazeT
`iverias~, uamravi mkiTxveli movizideT, Semdeg ki gazeTis datoveba
22
momiwia. es is dro iyo, roca redaqtorsa da gamomcemels Soris Sexedulebebi gaiyo da varCie, megobrobis gadasarCenad, gazeTi dametovebina. arc iyo weli gasuli, `SemomiCndnen~ megobrebi, mkiTxvelebi da
axali gazeTis daarseba vamcneT sazogadoebas. Semdeg `iveriamac~ Sewyvita gamosvla da davrCiT erTaderTni, am mravalricxovani emigrantebis imedad! dRes gazeTi `mamuli~
erTaderTi qarTuli gazeTia amerikasa da kanadaSi.
- ucxoeTSi qarTuli gazeTis gamocema seriozuli saq
saq-mea. Znelia es yvelaferi?
- advili arc Rvinis smaa... saqme
isaa, rom mkiTxvelTa siyvaruli
yvela problemas da dabrkolebas
gviadvilebs. gamova Tu ara gazeTis axali nomeri, satelefono zarebic umal iwyeba, zogi 12 wuTian
satelefono emociur Setyobinebas
gvitovebs da acremlebas Cven gvabralebs; zogi ki gvwers, rom fostalioni gaafrTxila, rom gazeTis
gamosvlis dRes pirvelad masTan
mivides; erTaderTi, rasac xSirad
gveubneba mkiTxveli, aris is, rom
isini nela kiTxuloben gazeTs, izogaven masalebs mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi wasakiTxad. gazeTma literaturuli, patriotuli xazi airCia,
amitomacaa mkiTxvelTa Soris cremlebi, - sixarulis, siamayis, monatrebis, tkivilis gulze mowolili
dardis naJuri.
am cremlebis gareSe ver viqarTvelebT. amitomacaa, rom vuZlebT
yvela siZneles... uaxloes xanSi
gazeTi gavrceldeba saqarTveloSic, okeanisgaRmidan SevaxsenebT Cvens
da-Zmebs mamulis fass.
- mxolod emigraciaSi mcxo
mcxo-vrebi qarTvelebi arian `mamulis~ mkiTxvelebi?
- gazeTi emigrantulia da amJamad mxolod amerikaSi vrceldeba.
minda giTxraT, rom amerikaSi qarTvel emigrantTa 4 Taoba arsebobs.
pirveli, 1921 wels safrangeTidan da inglisidan amerikaSi gamomaval gemze moxvedrili erovnuli
mTavrobis wevrebi, romelTa Soris
ramodenime warmomadgenelia darCenili.
meore Taoba, samamulo omis damTavrebis Semdeg sakoncetracio banakebSi moxvedrili qarTveli tyveebia. isini sabWoTa kavSiris mTavrobam moRalateebad gamoacxada; Sveicariidan, italiidan, safrangeTidan da germaniidan aq Camovidnen,
daojaxdnen (miuxedavad imisa, rom
saqarTveloSi hyavdaT col-Svili)
da axali cxovreba daiwyes. maTma
Svilebma ar ician qarTuli, ar
saubroben qarTulad, is ki arada,
mamebis umetesobasac daviwyniaT qarTulad kiTxva, da SemTxveviT imave
qalaqSi aRmoCenili axalgazrda qarTvelebi ukiTxaven sagazeTo masalebs telefonSi. es sxva dros
sasaubro da wignad dasaweri Temaa.
mesame Taoba sabWoTa kavSiris
ngreviT gaRebul sazRvrebSi gamosuli emigraciaa, kapitalizms `daxamebuli~ socialistebi.
ghjatcbbs ;ehyfkbcnb vfyexfh rfzf[b.t bv vhfdfkfsfcbfy mfhsdtksf ijhbcff tvbuhfynt,bc v.bvt
ndbhsbc pbldf hjv e[lt,fs+ vfs sbsmjc ydtkfathb fmds= vfuhfv fv y dtkfahbc erfy elbltcb
vjyfnht,f lf ctdlf bvfkt,f= hfw bctd lf bctd
cfmfhsdtkjc erfdibhlt,f+ vfyexfh rfzf[b.t fvthbrfib ufvjvfdfkb thsflthsb mfhsekb ufptsbc @vfvekbc# htlfmnjhbf+
saflavi movZebne. am kartoTekebSi Ziebisas sxva qarTvelTa saflavebsac wavawydi, niu-iorkis, Cikagos da
long-ailendis ZmaTa sasaflaoebze ganisveneben: dimitri jorjaZe, dimitri
zRouri, dimitri dumbrava, dimitri maWaraSvili,
givi gorgaZe, soso Cuba-
meoTxe Taoba Cven varT,
ekonomikuri siduxWiris
gamo `samSoblomonatrebulebi~, ojaxebidan `autSi~ myofni, romlebsac
wina sami Taobis emigrantebisgan gansxvavebiT samSobloSi dabrunebis
ufleba gvaqvs, neba ki
jer vera! gTxovT sworad gamigoT: `ara~ ki
ara, vera!
- gadacemaSi Tqv
Tqv-ens mier qarTvelTa
ucnobi saflavebis
Sesaxeb mopovebuli informa
informa-ciiT bevri dainteresda da
aman farTo gamoxmaureba hpova.
rogor moiZieT maT Sesaxeb
masalebi? iqneb gviTxraT gvarebic...
- minda vTqva, rom am saqmianobiT
daintereseba Tqvenma gadacemam `ar
idardom~ gadamawyvetina. es erTaderTi proeqtia `imedis~ telesivrceSi, romelic pasuxobs televiziisa da gadacemis saxelwodebasac,
qarTveli eris argadaSenebis imedsac gvaZlevs, da imasac gveubneba,
rom ar vidardoT.
qarTveli eris argadaSenebas-Tqo,
weRan vTqvi... is, rom warsuls viZiebT, tabudadebul Taroebze viqeqebiT, sisxlsa da xorcs veZebT,
qarTul miwas monatrebul ZvalTSesalags vpoulobT da qveyanas
vubrunebT, 58 wlis unaxav ZmisSvils vxvdebiT, uZirod gadagebuli kacis xatadmsgavs Svils vpoulobT da uimedo mSoblebs cxovrebis azrs vubrunebT, es eris, yovelgvari qarTulis, argadaSenebaa
da meti araferi.
amerikaSi gabneul qarTul saflavTa moZiebas me Cemi mSoblebis
monatrebul saflavebs da maT xsovnas vuZRvni. da kidev, vcdilob, rom
amerikaSi yofnis Sansi Cemi qveynis
sasikeTod gamoviyeno.
Tqvenma gadacemam da ramodenime
satelefoni zarma warsulSi cnobili moWidavis, 1939 wels amerikaSi emigrirebuli qarTvelis kolia qvarianis gansasvenaris Zebna
damawyebina. marTlac beWdaudebeli falavnis 25 wlis dakarguli
mamuli
laSvili, givi gabliani, oTar gociriZe, qeTevan J(j)ulabiSvili, dimitri SalikaSvili, mito sindikeli, dimitri paraskeva, amiran xuskivaZe, ekaterine golovaSvili, dimitri gunia, irakli kontriZe, nino
ZleliSvili, irakli menTeSvili, dimitri alaviZe, amiran mesxi, mixeil
sefiaSvili...
Tqvens redaqciasTan mWidro kavSirSi isev gavagrZelebT qarTuli
saflavebis moZiebas. nebismier adamians SeuZlia daukavSirdes `ar
idardos~ redaqcias, miawodos dakarguli winapris monacemebi, werilebis aslebi (Tuki aseTi arsebobs), dabadebis da gardacvalebis
TariRebi (Tuki cnobilia), nebismieri informacia, romelic SesaZloa
didi Zalis mqone aRmoCndes CvenTvis.
- rogor cxovrobs qarTveli axalgazrda Soreul ucxoeTSi? giWirT samSoblodan
Sors yofna da Tu apirebT
dabrunebas?
- Tu gaxsovs erTi filmi, Caplinis, misive monawileobiT, romeliRac qarxanaSi muSaobs, WanWikebs
uWers, ise mieCvia, rom qarxnis gareTac WanWikebis mosaWeradaa momarTuli... aseT grafikebSi varT Cvenc,
am siswrafes Tu fexi ar auwyve, gadagivlian, erTi da igives vakeTebT
saocrad tyup dReebSi. axalgazrdobis 3% swavlobs, 97% muSaobs,
bavSvebis momvlelebad, moxucTa uka-
nasknel imedad. zogi iseT adgilebze muSaoben, qalaqidan mowyvetilni arian, tyeebSi da mTebSi
cxovroben, erTaderTi kavSiri sazogadoebasTan telefonia, gazeTi
da is 2 Tu 4 gamosasvleli dRe
TveSi, romelsac qalaqSi Camosvlamde
gzaSi xarjaven. aqauri qarTvelebis es pleada samSobloze uzomod
Seyvarebulni, depresirebuli xalxia, udrood gaWaRaravebulni Tu
gamelotebulni, saqarTveloSi
glexs Tu koJrebi xelze aqvs, amaT
saxeze... ra gvaxarebs? patara imediani svlebic ki Cveni samSoblos
ukeTesi momavlisaken gadadgmuli.
am xalxma samSoblos fasTan erTad kanonis morCileba iswavla da
es didad gamoadgeba Cvens qveyanas.
- ramdenad Znelia qarTuli mentalitetiT amerikuli cxo-vrebis wesTan Segueba da am gadmosaxedidan rogoria saqarTvelo?
- ramdenad Zneliao, mekiTxebiT.
gipasuxebT: SeuTavsebeli da SeuZlebeli! saWmelis momzadebisas Tu
marili dagakldeba, mezoblis karebisaken arc unda gaixedo; gaWirvebis SemTxvevaSic ki saRamos 9 saaTis Semdeg amerikelTan darekva
SeiZleba Zviradac dagijdes; gzad
mimavalma xeli dauqnio manqanas, gamiyoleo, giJad monaTvlis tolfasia; aeroportis teritoriaze qarTulad gaxumreba, - ras mamowmeb,
bombi ki ara maqvso, karcerSi gagrilebas udris; da mTavari, wiTel
SuqniSanze gavla sasamarTloSi gamocxadebas da jarimas gavalebs, xolo meore SemTxvevaSi 6 TviT marTvis
uflebas gikrZalavs.
am gadmosaxedidan saqarTvelo Tavisuflebis nakrZalia. ici, rogori?
xmamaRla rom gaTqmevinebs: Tavisufleba suls ise moswyurda, viT daWrili irmebis gunds wyaro ankara!
- ra genatrebaT yvelaze Zalian?
- ra ar menatreba, es unda gekiTxaT... Cemi quTaisi menatreba, bagratze arbena, Semodgoma rusTavelis gamzirze, Teatri, speqtaklebi,
gamomcemloba `samSoblos~ win sagazeTo daxlis irgvliv saocrad
gansxvavebuli gazeTis qaRaldis sunic ki... qarTuli sufra, sulguniviT gawelili sadRegrZeloebi, cekvisas cerze Semdgari qarTvelobac...
marina cvetaevam miswera pasternaks: `me Cemi ruseTSi yofna menatrebao~. me Cavusworebdi, quTaisic
menatreba da Cemi quTaisSi yofnac!
- ras apirebT samomavlod?
- ras vapireb? am yovelive monatrebulTan Caxutebas. amaze meti survili ara maqvs da arc meqneba. aq
darCena? jer mase ar gavgiJebulvar!
tcfe,hf
VFRF LFHCFDTKB.T
@dwlbkj<= hjv fvthbrfib 'jaybc ifycb=
xtvb mdt'ybc cfcbrtsjl ufvjdb'tyj!#
a
i
z
e
o
p
s
i
k
a
l
e
d
Tea kan
dae, aiWras cad Cemi suli...
sveticxovelTan
erT dRes, saSinlad amtkivda suli
movdivar...
da saswauli vigrZeni sevda.
sveticxovelTan momawia siSavem Ramis.
vinatre gverdiT me megobari,
SevCerdi...
rom, Cemi sulis nadebi meTqva...
gulze Semomawva tkivili lamis,
marto aRmovCndi, kvlav Cems fiqrebTan,
davjeq da...
ra Zneli iyo is wuTi maSin,
muxli moviyare taZris win RamiT,
me ar mqonia aseTi gancda
Cemda uneburad,
da waviSine xelebi TavSi.
xeli Sevaxe - giorgis maxvils.
gareT gavvardi, rom daenama
wams SeSfoTebulma
mtirala wvimas - SeSlili saxe,
xelis SexebiT wmindanze albaT,
zecas avxede da SoriT, nislSi,
ukan davixie,
viRacis urCi Tvalebi vnaxe.
taZars, kedelze miveyrdne magrad.
me ar mqonia aseTi gancda gaocebuli
usasrulobis da marto STenis.
Sevyurebdi moxatul freskebs da
Tvalwin gaSlila ,es ca da miwa,
am qveyniurs,
sadRac samoTxe da jojoxeTi.
ver vxedavdi, taZarSi ferebs.
saidan! ratom! rodis! an risTvis!
da cis tatnobze,
rad gamaCina am qveynad RmerTma?!
gaielva mnaTobma mkrTalad
an, rogor vzido, es mZime tvirTi,
da ukuneTSi,
am pawawina mxrebiT, me - erTma.
Savi Winkebi gafanta sadRac...
rogor wamovdge fexze gaSlili,
da Ramis caze,
sayrdenad - codvis WaobSi vdgavarT.
gamobrWyinda mnaTobi svetad,
iqneb, vi povo me oazosi...
dabla daeSva,
iqneb, naTelTan sul axlosa varT...
taZars, gumbaTze daedga svetad...
iqneb, axloa zecisken kibe,
rad vsayvedurobT amisTvis ufals?!
da ra vixile,
sulis gawmendas, glova ki ara gamobrwyinda ciT angelozi,
qristes navali gzis povna unda.
SeiZra -ca
xeli gamiSviT! me am WaobSi,
da dedamiwa, igrgvina zecam.
ver gavCerdebi verc erTi wamiT.
kidiT - kidemda
dae, vi povo is gza, romelic,
gaielva mnaTobma yvelgan da
me amisrulebs didi xnis wadils.
suliwminda,
dae, aiWras cad Cemi suli,
gadmoeSva taZarze mtredad.
ram damabrkola andac aqamde,
da TeTri iyo,
ris maqnisia "es gza", romelsac,
im saRamos, midamo taZris,
marTlac ver mihyavs kaci taZramde.
ismoda irgvliv
Tuki, damlocavs zecad - ufali
bukis cema, galoba, locva...
da Tu gamigo, rac unda meTqva...
Sveba vigrZeni,
maS, rad ar vzido - es mZime tvirTi,
damiamda mtkivani guli,
Tund pawawina mxrebiT, mec, erTma.
uZlevelis win
moviyare codvilma muxli.
ox, orgulobav, ra siswrafiT miagelveb
yoveli gahqra...
Sekazmul cxenebs,
Tendeboda nel-nela Rame,
ra daundoblad artyam zurgze risxvis qartexils.
sveticxovlidan,
wamiT Sesdeqi! Seanele es Smagi srbolva!
ar mindoda gamosvla gareT.
an ganeride am kaeSans, Tavze datexils.
gaocebuli,
Torem, Senive umizno srbolva Segagdebs bzarze,
Sevyurebdi moxatul freskebs da Smagi gulisTqma dagikargavs rids da kaeSans...
am qveyniurs,
da Tu, naTel azrs SeeCexebi gzis dasaliers,
ver vxedavdi - taZarSi ferebs.
RvTis samarTali, mwevrebs isev Sensken dageSavs.
rogor viloco me ucxo cis qveS...
oRond, Seni sunTqva vigrZno yvrimalTan
da nazi TrTolva,
sxeulze Seni niavi frTebad Semomexvios,
oRond, Tund, erTxel damanaxva saxeba Seni,
Tund sizmareTSi, fardagad Seni miwa mefinos...
oRond, Tund erTxel maambora Sens wminda taZrebs
da "iavnana"-s tkbili hangi Camesmas locvad,
oRond, Tund erTxel - Semaxeda bednier qarTvels
da xatTan kdema-mosilebiT muxlmoyril mlocavs...
ox, netav erTxel Camesmas yurSi Seni "laSqruli",
"mravalJamier" - azanzarebdes mTebis qarafebs
da Tund xseneba daviTis xmlisa seravdes momxvdurT,
Tamaris droSis frialeba - ketdes darabebs...
me, saqarTvelov, natruli var, kvlav Seni xilvis,
Sengan Sors STenils nostalgiad Camsaxlebixar,
raRad viloco me, ucxo cis qveS, ucxo xatebTan,
Tuki Sen Cems suls - suliwmindad Camsaxlebixar
rogor viloco me, ucxo cis qveS... ucxo xatebTan...
monologi sakuTar TavTan...
avwon - davwonav, yvelas naTqvams da gaviazreb,
rogorc, naTqvams - brZeni kacisac.
TmeniT movismen maT saubars, Tundac - avisas.
magram, Tu vici, ra gziT vakeTo raime kargi,
me avasruleb Cems arsebaSi ganzraxul wadils.
radgan me "me" var, gangebam Cemi miboZa Wkua
da sadac waval, am naboZebiT unda viaro.
radgan, me "me" var da ar mCvevia, sxvebis enaze waRma - ukuRma, rom gaviaro.
da Tu, Cems WkuiT wavageb rames
da ekal - bardebs davigeb gzaze...
bedis ukuRma datrialebas Cems Tavs vabraleb.
man, amiria Wkva - gonebao, ar vityvi sxvaze.
siyvaruli ase mwams
Tund, pasuxi ver movZebno,
siyvaruli - RmerTsa hgavs.
idumali RvTaebaa,
ase mjera, ase mwams.
fafar-aSlil raSs magonebs,
mZvinvarebiT - musons hgavs,
fskerze iTrevs gzaze Semxvdurs,
ase mjera, ase mwams.
Tund, Cits hgavdes frTa motexils,
saTnoebiT - mtredsa hgavs,
suls simSvides moaniWebs,
ase mjera, ase mwams.
zogjer, tkbili maWaria,
zedaSea, wyurvils klavs,
Tilismaa, dagatyvevebs,
ase mjera, ase mwams.
zogi misiT ibadeba,
sicocxlea, zRapars hgavs,
zogSi saxlobs viT demoni,
ase mjera, ase mwams.
ver gavige ra yofila,
acocxlebs Tu kacsa klavs...
albad, Tavad bedi aris...
TviT uxilav RmerTsa hgavs...
CemSi - suliwmindiT saxlobs,
ase mjera, ase mwams.
mamuli
yuradReba
Kavkas Dance Ensemble
kavkasiur cekvaTa ansambli
samuSaod iwvevs bruklinSi (da mis
garSemo) mcxovreb qarTuli xalxuri
cekvebis profesional mocekvaveebs!
msurvelebi unda dagvikavSirdnen
Semdeg nomerze: 1-718-668-1086
ikiTxeT: edam daRestani
milocvebi
qarTul saqristianos kidev erTi
marTlmadidebeli qristiani Seemata
sofo modebaZe
gfaravdes uflis madli, RvTismSoblis kalTa;
RmerTma gagaZlieros da daglocos.
biZa: nukri koWlamazaSvili
gancxadeba
vamzadeb inglisurSi nebismieri asakisa da donis
msurvelebs. cnobebisaTvis darekeT:
718-784-6627 lela
veZebT qarTvel advokatebs amerikaSi, darekeT
redaqciaSi, 347-724-0770
samZimari
gazeT `mamulis~ redaqcia iuwyeba legendaruli `ostap-benderis~
arCil gomiaSvilis
gardacvalebas.
23
siaxle!
gsurT gailamazoT ojaxuri wveuleba,
dReoba an qorwili qarTuli xalxuri cekvebiT?
profesionali,
gamocdili
mocekvaveebi
mxolod Tqvens
zars elian:
vaSingtonSi
- gTavazobT satransporto da saeqskursio momsaxureobas SeerTebuli Statebis dedaqalaqSi 4-kaciani
jgufebisaTvis;
- mgzavrTa gadayvana xdeba jipis
markis avtomanqanebiT;
- mgzavrebs moemsaxurebaT Tarjimani da foto-korespondenti;
- eqskursia erTdRiania da am periodSi Tqven SegeZlebaT iseirnoT
vaSingtonis quCebSi, daaTvalieroT
linkolnis memoriali, vaSingtonis
monumenti, meore msoflio omis axalgaxsnili memoriali, jefersonis
memoriali, garedan naxoT TeTri
saxli, kapitoliumis Senoba (11 seqtembris Semdeg TeTr saxlSi turistebis Sesvla akrZalulia).
dawvrilebiTi
informaciisaTvis
mogvmarTeT:
3 47 - 7 24 - 077 0
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l
ma
mu
uf
vj
bo
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eqskursia
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MAMULI
redaqtor-gamomcemeli
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ZIP-CODE
24
Editor & Publisher
Manuchar KATCHAKHIDZE
EKA MAISURADZE, NINO KHABELASHVILI (Editor in Germany),
KATE KARALASHVILI, GEORGE BAKRADZE (Editor in Canada).
Ceki an mani orderebi M. KATCHAKHIDZE Co saxelze gaformebuli unda gamoagzavnoT Semdeg misamarTze:
misamarTis Secvlis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa ubralod dagvikavSirdeT redaqciis telefonze 1-347-724-0770 da gvacnoboT, raTa SevZloT Tqveni gazeTis Seyovneba an gadamisamarTeba.
13
VFVEKB
eka maisuraZe
maisuraZe,, nino xabelaSvili (red. germaniaSi),
qeTi yaralaSvili , giorgi baqraZe (red. kanadaSi).
lf ntktajyb`
P.O. BOX 13121, JERSEY CITY, NJ 07303
mamuli
P.O. Box 13121,
Jersey City, NJ 07109
Phone: 347-724-0770
mamuli@comcast.net
masalebi ar recenzirdeba da
avtorebs ar ubrundebaT. redaqcias ufleba aqvs uari ganacxados masalis dabeWdvaze
yovelgvari komentaris gareSe.
www.open.ge/mamuli
mamuli
gazeTis es nomeri
xelmowerilia dasabeWdad 3 ivniss, dilis 10 saaTze
Tqveni
qarTvel emigrantTa patriotuli gamocema amerikaSi
Tqveno aRmatebulebav,
batono prezidento,
uwinaresad, uRrmes madlobas gwiravT,
rom wyvetilobiT, magram samiaTaswlovani
saxelmwifoebriobis mqone saqarTvelos
dasdeT udidesi pativi Tqveni vizitiT.
am istoriul Jests Cven aRviqvamT Tqveni
diadi saxelmwifosa da misi lideris
mier kavkasiis gulis - saqarTvelos mniSvnelobis, funqciisa da misiis gacnobierebad, rac gvafiqrebinebs, rom saqarTvelo daexsneba mezobeli imperiis mier
Tavsmoxveul geografiul, politikur, moralur paradoqsebs da dasavleTis, Tqveni
SemweobiT damkvidrebul msoflios axal
RirebulebaTa sistemaSi Rirseul, ganumeorebel, TviTmyofad da unikalur adgils moipovebs.
Cveni qveyana daiqanca. mas edavebian imas,
rac udavo da aprioria. Cveni qveynis aw
ukve dafleTil teritoriaze, qarTvelTa
da afxazTa rogorc avtoqtonTa, aseve
misi yvela moqalaqis uflebebi irRveoda da irRveva ruseTis sxvadasxvagvari
modifikaciis imperiis recidivebis uzneo
zegavleniT.
sayovelTaod cnobilia, rom bolSevikurma ruseTma imperiebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli primitiuli formuliT fsevdoavtonomiuri warmonaqmnebi moaxvia Tavs
Cvens qveyanas. demokratiuli Rirebulebebis erTguli dRevandeli saqarTvelo
mis teritoriaze mcxovreb yvela eTnoss
sTavazobs TviTmyofadobisa da kulturis ganviTarebis yvelaze farTo arCevans,
xolo afxazebsa da osebs dRevandeli
xelisuflebis mier eqmnebaT saSuri pirobebi, gaakeTon samarTliani arCevani fsevdo da WeSmarit avtonomiebs Soris.
batono prezidento,
Tqven imaSic dagveTaxmebiT, rom samarcxvinoa, tragikulze rom araferi vTqvaT,
Cvens dRevandel saxelmwifos hyavdes
aseul aTasobiT Sida migranti, devnili
da ltolvili. Tqveni saxelmwifos upiratesi damsaxurebaa, rom maTi udidesi
nawili fizikurad gadarCa, magram maTTvis
sicocxleze zeaRmatebuli Rirebulebisaa qveynis teritoriuli mTlianobis
aRdgena, romlis realizeba uTqvenod, ubralod, uperspeqtivod gveCveneba.
batono prezidento, kidev erTxel gwiravT madlobas, rom saqarTvelo arasdros
migitovebiaT gansacdelSi. amitom Rrmad
gvwams, rom moureveli gansacdeli, Tqveni SemweobiT, dReniadag Segvimcirdeba.
< < r e d a q c i a EDITORIAL >>
mamuli
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N Tarsi, 2aTas5
Your Excellency, Mr. President
We would first and foremost like to
thank you for your visit that is honorable
to Georgia whose statehood is three
thousand years old. This historic step
makes it clear that your great country and
you, its leader, understand the significance, function, and mission of Georgia that is in the heart of the Caucasus.
This provides grounds for hope that
Georgia will be able to escape the geographic, political, and moral paradoxes
imposed by the neighboring empire and
will occupy a deserved, unique, and distinctive place in the system of new values established in the world thanks to
your country`s efforts.
Our country is tired. There is much
controversy over what cannot be contested. The rights of the Georgians and
Abkhazians, indigenous peoples on our
country`s territory that has been torn to
pieces, as well as the rights of all its citizens are being and have always been
violated under the influence of the Russian Empire of different modifications.
It is common knowledge that Bolshevik Russia, just like other empires, used
a primitive formula to impose pseudoautonomies on our country. Today`s Georgia that is faithful to democratic values offers all ethnic groups residing on
its territory a wide choice for the development of their unique identities and cultures. As regards the Abkhazians and
Ossetians, the current authorities are
creating for them enviable conditions for
making a fair choice between the pseudo and true autonomies.
Mr. President,
You will perhaps agree if we say that
it is shameful, if not tragic, that our country now has hundreds of thousands of
internal migrants, displaced persons,
and refugees. It is your country that is to
be credited for the fact that most of them
have survived. However, the restoration
of this country`s territorial integrity is
more precious for them than their lives
and we believe that this aim is unachievable without your assistance.
Once more, we would like to express
our gratitude for never leaving Georgia
in trouble. This is why we hope that this
country will have to face fewer insurmountable problems in the future.
1
momaval
nomerSi
SeSfoTebuli werda das: `leqsebi, romelic
mis sikvdiliswina werilSi aRmoCnda, didi xnis
winaa dawerili da me miZRvna... da isini sulac
ar iyo sikvdilisTvis gankuTvnili”...
lilia
lilia brike
brike
ar
ar ijerebda!
ijerebda!
kaxa Citaia cekvavs vals
a n u
reqviemi restoran `nacionalSi~
redaqtoris reportaJi saaRdgomo banketidan
faSizmisagan
CerCils
davuxsnivarT!
sensacia
CF[FHT,BC F[FKB HTLFMWBF
SBSJTEKB MFHSDTKBCFSDBC UFCFUT,
TYFPT RFYJYBREHB NTMCNBC CHEKB LFWDBS
gazeTi `mamuli~ bednieria, rom momavali nomridan warmogidginoT wyaro Cveni cxovrebisa saxareba, romelic aTaswleulTa manZilze mravaljer Targmnila, gadawerila da pirvelyofili ieric dahkargvia. ufro metic, ZvelqarTulad aJRerebuli macxovris cxovrebis qronologia bevri TanamedrovesaviT, samwuxarod, gaugebaria, xolo axalqarTulad Targmnili teqsti zogjer imdenad bundovani da damaxinjebuli gaxlavT, rom SeuZlebeli xdeba mTeli sakvanZo debulebebis swori aRqma.
Cvens xelTaa erTaderTi da unikaluri Tanamedrove redaqcia oTxTavisa, romelzedac ukve
ocdaaTi weliwadia muSaobs yofili mitropoliti, mdabali gaioz keratiSvili, saqarTvelos
eklesiis meore piri 1978 wlamde da amave wels
SevardnaZis reJimis mier usamarTlod da ganukiTxavad 15 wliT TavisuflebaaRkveTili. swored daRestnis Sroma-gasworebis koloniaSi ixveweboda Tanamedrove qarTveli mkiTxvelisaT-
interviu CerCilis
SviliSvilTan
mamulisa da asaval-dasavalis
erToblivi proeqti
Cemi sizmari da ocneba
- CerCili rom ar yofiliyo, didi britaneTi jer kidev
1940 wlis zafxulSi danebdeboda faSistebs. da maSin hitleri mTel Zalebs ssr kavSiris winaaRmdeg daZravda, da,
SesaZloa, wiTel armias verc ki gaewia medgari winaaRmdegoba.
Cemi azriT, CerCilis piradi vaJkacoba da gambedaoba rom
ara, dasavleTi evropis yvela qveynis da sabWoTa kavSiris
Tavzec svastikiani droSa ifrialebda.
stumrad
saakaSvilebTan
Zalian gvinda, ZaRli rom
gvyavdes, magram aseTi sacxovrebeli pirobebi ar gvaqvs.
samoTaxian binaSi vcxovrobT,
es sul 60 kvadratuli metria. amitom sandras yvela
mcdeloba, rom saxlSi moiyvanos ZaRli, Cemgan aRkveTil
iqna da swored es mimaCnia
am wlis mTavar miRwevad.
gazeTi dasabeWdad mzad iyo
iyo...
roca dagvikavSirda stambis direqcia da gvacnoba,
rom me-9 gverdze Sepirebuli xatis dabeWdva gacilebiT met dros moiTxovs, vidre maT miaCndaT. arada Cveni survili iyo, rom dRes Tqvens ojaxSi wmida ninos
unikaluri xatis feradi reproduqcia SemobrZanebuliyo.
ise gveCqareboda am xatis TqvenTan SemobrZaneba, rom
andazam `moCqares mougviandeso~, Tavi Segvaxsena.
miiReT Cveni bodiSi da dapirebac, rom xats gazeTis
momaval nomerTan erTad miiRebT.
2
vis uZvelesi qarTuli margalitebiT Semkuli
axali redaqcia qarTuli oTxTavisa. mogvianebiT
es fundamenturi naSromi kidev mravalgzis iqna
Sedarebul-Sejerebuli saxarebis sxvadasxva gamocemasTan. gaioz keratiSvilma scada, miseuli varianti maqsimalurad identuri yofiliyo saxarebis kanonikuri teqstisa, amasTan aRdgeniliyo
masSi is aucilebeli niuansebi, romlebic saRmrTo
wignSi daSifrul WeSmaritebas qarTul yalibSi
Camoasxamda da yvelasaTvis gasagebs gaxdida.
siyvaruli da SiSi uflisa, ai, udiadesi mizani, romelic yvela mokvdavs aZlevs Sanss, gaigos
karTan momdgari macxovris kakuni, locviT xelapyrobili miegebos da farTod gaxsnili bWeni
sulisani miagebos.
maS ase, kidev erTxel movisminoT, ras gveubneba
saxareba meored mosvlis zRurblze, raTa uflis
madliT gabrwyindes Cveni xelaxali dabadeba!
gulaxdili saubari salome zurabiSvilTan
ssrk-s maSindeli pirveli mdivani xruSCovi parizSi Cadioda.
eSinodaT, vinmes bombi ar esrola. erT diliT, levan zurabiSvili
da ramdenime `saSiSi” qarTveli parizs gaarides da cota xniT,
korsikaze gadaasaxles. Svilebi, patara salome da oTari dabRverilebi uyurebdnen, rogor mihyavdaT mamiko. imave dilas dedam bavSvebi skolaSi waiyvana. skola moSorebiT iyo da avtobusiT unda emgzavraT. avtobusebze sabWoTa droSebi iyo damagrebuli. bavSvebma es rom dainaxes, ar avalTo - gamoacxades. dedam uTxra, xruSCovis gulisTvis taqsSi fuls
ar davxarjav, Tvalebze xelebi avifaroT da ise vimgzavroTo...
dRes es patara salome, patara saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa ministria da im dros qarTvel emigrantTa Svili am postze verc iocnebebda.
es foto
ibeWdeba pirvelad
rom wamovizarde, galaktions davuaxlovdi. erTxel
zemelTan Semxvda, belinskis quCaze wavediT, sardafSi.
iq Cveni fexburTelebi qeifobdnen, matCi hqondaT mogebuli da... ukiTxa galaktionma leqsebi... amaze didi
jildo ra iqneboda, - modioda da modioda sadRegrZeloebi, mere mxrebSi amovudeqiT da barbaciT miviyvaneT
saxlamde. sul CemTan dadioda suraTebis gadasaRebad... erTi misi foto
maqvs, jer arsad dabeWdila. rom dakarga, is leninis ordeni ukeTia da xelSi “papirozi”uWiravs. aseTi iyo sinamdvileSi...
rasputinis quTaiseli sasiZo
peterburgSi mudmivad mcxovrebi simonika arasdros iviwyebda mSobliur keras. igi drodadro Camodioda
quTaisSi da aucileblad moinaxulebda naTesavebsac. Tan Camohqonda saCuqrebi da bevr saintereso
ambavsac yveboda sasaxlis karis cxovrebaze. es ulamazesi vaJkaci nikoloz II-is ojaxSi xSirad xvdeboda
rasputinis qaliSvils matronas, romelsac Zlier Sehyvarebia simonika. imperatoris ojaxs xeli Seuwyvia
da simonika misi oficialuri saqmro gaxda, magram rasputinis mkvlelobam xeli SeuSala am qorwinebas.
mamuli
premier-ministr zurab Jvaniasa
da raul usupovis gardacvalebis
saqmeSi skandaluri detalebi Cndeba. vidre oficialuri gamoZieba
dums, Jvania-usupovis saeWvo gardacvalebis irgvliv upasuxo kiTxvebs studia ”reportioris” direqtori, Jurnalisti vaxtang komaxiZe pasuxobs.
Jvania-usupovis gardacvalebidan
oTxi Tve gavida. incidenti Tavidanve ubedur SemTxvevad moinaTla,
magram oficialuri gamoZieba saqmis daxurulad gamocxadebas ar
Cqarobs. ratom? gamoZiebas amis uamravi mizezi aqvs. yvelaze logikuri mizezi ki, albaT, damoukideblad
Seqmnili sagamoZiebo jgufebis am
saqmisadmi dainteresebaa. araa gamoricxuli, damoukideblad gamoZiebulma daskvnam saxelisuflebo
gamoZieba CixSi Seiyvanos.
Jvania-usupovis ”nikalaTi” mowamvlis oficialur versiaze sazogadoebisTvis momxdarisTanavea
cnobili. qarTvel samarTaldamcvelebs azri verc amerikelma eqspertebma Seacvlevines. sazogadoeba ki
daarwmunes, rom amerikelebs isini
arafriT Camouvardebian.
damoukidebeli gamoZiebis
skandaluri masalebi
Jurnalist vaxtang komaxiZis
studiis mier gamoZiebuli saqme,
romelic telekompania ”202”-iT
ukve aCvenes, oficialuri gamoZiebisagan radikalurad gansxvavebulia. Tumca, rogorc Jurnalisti
CvenTan saubarSi aRniSnavs: ”naCvenebi filmi, uxeSad rom vTqvaT, imis
20%-ic araa, rac Cven cnobebi mogvepoveba am faqtTan dakavSirebiT.
gamoZieba grZeldeba, sazogadoeba sxva
masalebs mogvianebiT naxavs”.
komaxiZis mier gamoZiebuli masalebiT, Jvanias sikvdilamde ramdenime saaTiT adre movlenebi Semdegnairad viTardeba:
2005 wlis 2 Tebervals premier-ministrma zurab Jvaniam, saxelmwifo kancelaria dRis bolos, daaxloebiT, 22 saaTsa da 55 wuTze
datova.
am dros raul usupovi varkeTilSi, avtosadgomze Sevida. avtosadgomis daraji, romelic usupovs kargad icnobda, ixsenebs, rom
im RamiT rauls marTlac daurekes, ramdenime wami ilaparaka, saubris Semdeg ki sadRac gaemgzavra da
daibara, rom erT-or saaTSi dabrundeboda. zari, romlis Semdegac
usupovma avtosadgomi datova, zurab Jvanias nomridan iyo dafiqsirebuli.
usupovis manqana 1 saaTis ganmavlobaSi varkeTilidan saburTalos
quCisken midioda. Jvanias avtomanqanam rusTaveli, kostavas quCa gaiara da daaxloebiT 11 saaTze Sartavas quCaze mdebare binaSi mivida.
35 wuTSi ki isic saburTalos
quCisken gaemgzavra.
gamoZiebisas Jurnalisti jeoselisa da magTis anZebis ganlagebis
mixedviT satelefono zarebis amonabeWdebis monacemebs eyrdnoba. aseve gamoyenebulia faruli Canaweric, romelSic Jvanias dacvis wevri mixeil ZaZamia im saRamos movlenebze miseul versias aviTarebs.
farul CanawerSi ZaZamia ambobs:
”davsxediT, im marSrutiT wavediT,
igi
mokles!
iqidan movtrialdiT, supermarketSi SevediT, Tan telefonze laparakobda...” ZaZamia ambobs, rom Jvania
konspiraciul binaSi eskortis gareSe waiyvana, gzaSi sursaTi da
koniaki SeiZina, manqanas nela marTavda, radgan Jvania telefonze laparakobda. xolo roca saxlTan
mividnen, Jvaniam daavala, rom usupovisTvis daereka. 23 saaTi da 59
wuTi iyo.
”miTxra, gadaureke, sad ariso, davureke da miTxra movdivaro. saxlis kuTxeSi videqi, miTxra, male
movalo”, - ambobs ZaZamia.
misive TqmiT, isini saburTalos
53-Si konspiraciul binaSi Sevidnen. sinaTle aanTo, gamaTbobeli CarTo, am dros usupovma karze daakakuna. kari Jvaniam gaaRo da ZaZamias
uTxra, wadi da roca dagirekav,
maSin modio.
komaxiZe logikurad askvnis, rom
ZaZamia am dros JvaniasTan erTad
saburTalos 53-Si ver iqneboda.
verc sinaTles da verc gamaTbobels
ver aanTebda, radgan 23 saaTsa da
59 wuTze ZaZamias telefonma didubis anZasTan siaxloves dareka.
rogorc irkveva, premier-ministris
dacvis wevri SemTxvevis adgilze
savaraudod, mxolod 3 saaTze dabrunda da misive TqmiT, JvaniasTan
dakavSirebas cdilobda.
ZaZamias monayoli: ”mas mere, rac
kari ar gamiRes, Sevamtvrie. aqeTa
kuTxis fanjaraze farda rom gadavwie, davinaxe, zura aqeTa kuTxis
kresloSi iyo, kuTxisken. zura ar
reagirebda. davureke kobas da vuTxari, ar reagirebs-meTqi, miTxra, movdivaro (koba xarSilaZe, visac ZaZamiam daureka, premier-ministris dacvis ufrosi iyo. igi zaris miRebisTanave saburTalos quCisken gaemgzavra). telefoni damijda. iq
aris staianka, iq Sevitane telefoni dasatenad”.
avtosadgomi, sadac ZaZamia telefonis dasatenad wavida, SemTxvevis
adgilidan daaxloebiT 200 metriTaa daSorebuli. gzad gazis wnevis
maregulirebeli jixuri mdebareobs. premieris sikvdilis dRes jixuris saketi gatexili iyo. am
oTaxSi, premier-ministrTan dacvam
mxolod 4 saaTze SeaRwia.
ZaZamia ambobs: ”koba SeZvra, gamovwieT Jaluzi. me gareT velodebodi, 4-5 wuTis mere kobam gamiRo
karebi. zura iwva”.
ZaZamia ambobs, rom premier-ministri da usupovi ukve gardacvlilebi iyvnen. iqve iyo gaSlili sufra da nardi. kobas miTiTebiT ZaZamiam gazis gamaTbobeli gadaketa.
”me ver davinaxe, gazi enTo Tu
ara, gazis fSitini mesmoda da gadavkete”, - ambobs ZaZamia. Tumca,
damoukidebuli gamoZiebiT dadgenilia, rom Tbilgazis saavario samsaxurma am ubanze gazi erTi saaTiT adre gadaketa. amis mizezi
saburTalos quCidan TbilgazSi gazis wnevis momatebis Sesaxeb Sesuli Setyobinebaa, romelic Ramis
samis naxevarze Sevida. Tbilgazis
Jurnalis mixedviT, 2 saaTsa da 35
wuTze saavario jgufi ubanze gaemarTa. 2 saaTsa da 55 wuTze ki
gazi gadaketili iyo.
”Tbilgazis” TanamSromeli nodar suxaSvili, romelmac gazi uSualod gadaketa, ambobs, rom jixuris saketi gatexili daxvda.
”Tbilgazi” adasturebs, rom wnevam im Rames marto am ubanze moimata, rac mxolod gatexili saketis
miRma mdebare wnevis regulatoris
amoqmedebiT iyo SesaZlebeli. ase
rom, Tu gazi 2:55 saaTze gadaiketa,
dacvis warmomadgenlebma ki binaSi
4 saaTisTvis SeaRwies, SeuZlebelia, vinmes oTaxSi gazis xma gaego.
qarTulad naTargmanebi
amerikuli daskvna
momxdaris Semdeg amerikelebma gamoikvlies, Tu ra gavlena SeeZlo
moexdina Rumelis gaumarTaobas haerSi Jangbadisa da naxSirbadis koncentraciaze, rac winaswari gamoZiebis azriT, sikvdilis mizezi gaxda.
eqspertebma 12 saaTze nikala CarTes da eqsperimenti daiwyo, romelic oTxsaaTnaxevari gagrZela. specialuri mowyobilobebiT isini haerSi Jangbadis Semcvelobas zomavdnen. eqsperimentis dawyebisas Jangbadis donem 20,5 procenti Seadgina, oTxsaaTnaxevris Semdeg ki 18,4
procentamde daiwia. oTxsaaTnaxevarSi gamaTbobeli gamorTes da normaluri koncentracia momentalurad aRdga.
mamuli
Tu ra fiziologiur gavlenas
moaxdenda Jangbadis Semcvelobis
kleba 20,5%-dan 18,4 %-mde, eqspertebma amerikis standartizaciis
erovnuli institutis parametrebi gamoiyenes.
am standartebis mixedviT: 20,9
% normaluri raodenobaa. 19 %
iwvevs garkveul, Tumca, SeumCnevel
fiziologiur zegavlenas. 16%-ze
Senelebuli azrovnebaa da modunebulia yuradReba, aseve, gauaresebulia koordinacia. 14% uCveulo
daRlilobas da modunebas iwvevs
12,5% dros Zalze garTulebulia
azrovneba da koordinacia, iwyeba
gulisreva. 10%-is qveviT - konvulsiebi da sikvdili. anu ra periodic Jvaniam da usupovma binaSi
dahyves, aparaturam 18,8 % aCvena,
rac sikvdilis mizezi ar SeiZleboda gamxdariyo. es mxolod msubuq fiziologiur moSlilobas gamoiwvevda.
naxSirbadis monoqsidi, romelic
qarTvelma eqspertebma sikvdilis
mizezad daasaxeles, gamoZiebis federaluri biuros momdevno kvlevis sagani gaxda. naxSirbadis monoqsidi qimiuri nivTierebaa, romelic mowamvliT gamowveuli ubeduri SemTxvevebis yvelaze gavrcelebul mizezad iTvleba.
naxSirbadis monoqsidis koncentraciis gasazomad eqspertebma moculobiTi sazomi erTeuli - pipiemi (parts per milion) gamoiyenes.
amerikuli standartebiT, janmrTelobisa da sicocxlisTvis saxifaTo zRvari 1200 pipiemia. eqsperimenti amjeradac oTxsaaTnaxevris ganmavlobaSi mimdinareobda da
oTaxSi sicocxlisTvis saxifaTo
zRvarze 200-jer naklebi koncentracia dafiqsirda.
FBI-is biuros laboratoriis
mier Catarebulma sisxlis analizma
aCvena, rom Jvanias sisxlis naxSirbad-hemoglobiniT gajerebis done
72 procenti, usupovis ki - 74
procenti iyo. biologiur mecnierebaTa doqtoris lazarevis cnobaris mixedviT, 3 saaTis ganmavlobaSi rom sisxli naxSirbad-hemoglobiniT Tundac 60 procentze
gajerdes, haerSi naxSirbadis monoqsidis koncentracia 1000 pipi-
emze meti unda yofiliyo.
SemTxvevis adgilze Catarebuli
eqsperimentis dros ki mxolod 6
pipiems miaRwia. Tu rogor SeiZleboda aRmoCeniliyo Jvanias da
usupovis sisxlSi am raodenobis
naxSirbad-hemoglobini, gamoZieba internet gverdebze gamoqveynebul wyaroebs eyrdnoba, romlis mixedviTac, ruseTis specsamsaxurebs SeiaraRebaSi hqondaT qimiuri SenaerTi, saxelwodebiT rkinis pentakarbonili. esaa Ria moyviTalo xsnari da mZime momwamvleli efeqti
aqvs organizmSi, rogorc saylapavi,
aseve ineqciis gziT moxvedrisas.
amasTan, praqtikulad ar gansxvavdeba naxSirbadis monoqsidiT gagudulisgan.
FBI-is eqspertTa mosazrebaTa winaaRmdegobriobis miuxedavad ki daskvna aseTi iyo: ”gamoZiebis federaluri biuros laboratoria aRniSnavs, rom TbilisSi Catarebuli
eqspertizis dros, naxSirbadis monoqsidis koncentracias ar miuRwevia da ar gadauWarbebia si el
da ai di eih el standartebisTvis”.
erTi sityviT, inglisur variantSi miTiTebulia, rom ar gadauWarbebia, qarTulSi ki - weria, rom
gadaaWarba.
sisxlCaqceva da naWdevi
damoukidebeli gamoZiebis udides interess iwvevs Jvanias qveda
tuCis marcxena naxevarSi mdebare
sisxlCaqceva da naWdevi. eqspertiziT, naWdevi ganviTarebuli unda
iyos sikvdilis dadgomis Semdeg,
axlo periodSi.
Tumca eqsperti maia nikoleiSvili ambobs, rom daskvnaSi aseTi Canaweris arseboba tendenciurobaze
mianiSnebs, radgan sisxlCaqceva SeiZleba ganviTardes rogorc sicocxleSi, aseve sikvdilis Semdeg
mokle droSic, magram, radgan eqspertiza yovelgvari damatebiTi
garemoebebis gareSe dazianebas sikvdilis Semdeg dros miakuTvnebs,
igulisxmeba, rom arsebobs direqtiva da arasasurvelia dazianebis
sikvdilamdeli periodiT daTariReba...
Jvanias da usupovis sisxlSi
naxSirbad-hemoglobinis maRali pocentis mizezi gazis gamaTbobeli
rom ar iyo, Zlierdeba monaTxrobiT, romlis mixedviTac usupovs
mkerdis areSi nanemsarebi hqonda.
monaTxrobis avtorebi ki arian pirebi, romlebmac usupovis gvami uSualod daaTvalieres.
mTavari ki, razec damoukidebeli
gamoZiebisTvis ubeduri SemTxveva
saeWvo xdeba, esaa TiTis anabeWdebi
- binaSi, sadac gamoZiebis versiiT,
premier-ministrma ukanaskneli Rame
gaatara, sadac ivaxSma da cotaodeni sasmelic miirTva, gamoZiebis
mier amoRebul arc erT nivTze,
arc erT saganze zurab Jvanias da
raul usupovis TiTis anabeWdebi
ar aRmoCnda.
ra gavlenas iqoniebs damoukidebeli gamoZieba Jvania-usupovis saqmeze, es mokle droSi gamoCndeba.
Tavad vaxtang komaxiZe ki acxadebs:
”ar vici, ra reagireba mohyveba. es
maTi mosafiqrebeli da mosamoqmedebelia. pasuxi ki namdvilad sWirdeba”.
lali rozomaSvili
3
Cemo Zvirfasebo, Cemo Tanamemamuleno,
dRes, Cven erTad vwerT saqarTvelos istorias. am qalaqis
kedlebs, Cveni qalaqis kedlebs
Zalian bevri ram axsovT. Cveni
amayi, Cveni usazRvrod lamazi
samSoblo saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi iyo mravali damyroblis
saTareSo arena. ar darCenila
msoflioSi arc erTi imperia,
romelsac ar moetana aq sisxli,
ngreva, mcdeloba qarTveli eris
ganadgurebisa. am kedlebs axsovT romaelebi, bizantielebi, osmalebi, sparselebi, monRolebi, rusebi - veravin ver gagvanadgura.
Cven dRes aq vdgavarT, amayad vdgavarT da vdgavarT Tavisuflebi.
Cveni istoriis ganmavlobaSi araerTi didi saxelmwifos lideri Camosula, Camosula rogorc
dampyrobeli, Camosula rogorc
dammonebeli, Camosula imisaTvis,
rom kidev metad daengria, kidev
metad daemcirebina, kidev meti
Seuracxyofa mieyenebina Cveni
erisTvis. maTi aq Camosvla iyo
mxolod sisxlis da ngrevis momtani. dRes pirvelad Cveni qveynis istoriaSi Cvens gverdiT
Tqvens winaSe dgas saxelmwifos
lideri, romelic aris msoflios uZlieresi saxelmwifo da
dgas rogorc megobari, rogorc
partniori, rogorc mokavSire, rogorc TanamebrZoli, rogorc adamiani, visi Camosvla gvaxarebs
TiToeul Cvengans da visi misalmebac saamayoa CemTvis, rogorc
qveynis prezidentisTvis, mogesalmebiT batono prezidento.
batono prezidento,
ramdenime dRis win Tqven iyaviT holandiaSi, raTa mogenaxulebinaT amerikeli jariskacebis
sasaflao. Tqvenamde ori dRiT
adre me viyavi teqselze, holandiaSi. Zalian bevrma ar icis
msoflioSi, rom meore msoflio
omis bolo brZola evropaSi ibrZoles qarTvelebma. 620 maTgani
gmirulad daeca evropisa da mTeli msoflios TavisuflebisTvis
da isini gamovidnen gamarjvebulni. Cvenma xalxma SesaZlebelze meti gaakeTa evropis gaTavisuflebisTvis. Cveni filosofosi, moazrovne da sasuliero moRvawe grigol feraZe, romelic gaeqca bolSevikebs poloneTSi da romelic Casves osvencimSi imis gamo, rom icavda
ebrael bavSvebs dapatimrebisgan,
ebraeli bavSvis nacvlad Sevida
gazis kameraSi da daiRupa gmirulad am bavSvis da mTeli evropis TavisuflebisTvis. da bolos, SeiZleba am dReebSi amaze
bevri ar gaxsenebiaT sxvagan, magram raixstagze, germanul raixstagze, hitleris raixstagze
droSa aRmarTa meliton qanTariam, qarTvelma, Cvenma Tanamemamulem da Cven amiT yvelani Zalian vamayobT. qarTvelebi yvelgan vibrZodiT TavisuflebisTvis,
magram saqarTvelos am brZolebis Sedegad Tavisufleba ar moupovebia.
Tumca, Cven aq ar SevkrebilvarT warsulze sasaubrod. dRes
jorj buSis aq yofna aris das-
4
prezident
saakaSvilis
gamosvla
Tavisuflebis
moedanze
amerika daicavs
saqarTvelos erTianobas
turi imisa, ra SeuZlia erTianobas, ra SeuZlia TavisuflebisTvis erTian swrafvas, Cvens
erTsulovnebas, Cvens erT muStad Sekrul xelisuflebas. pirvelad saqarTvelos hyavs mTavroba, romelic usmens xalxs, romelic usmens xalxs nacvlad
imisa, rom karnaxobdes mas Tavis
nebas, es aris mTavroba, romelic
scems Tqven azrs pativs, es aris
mTavroba, romelic emsaxureba
xalxs imis nacvlad, rom Zarcvavdes da aCanagebdes mas da,
rac mTavaria, es aris mTavroba,
romelic angariSvaldebulia TiTeuli Tqvenganis winaSe, srulad aqvs gacnobierebuli pasuxismgebloba Cveni Svilebis momavlis winaSe. ukanaskneli 18
Tvis ganmavlobaSi warsuls Cabarda dro, rodesac Cveni axalgazrdebi midiodnen saqarTvelodan, radgan aq aranairi perspeqtiva ar iyo. SarSandeli weli
iyo pirveli weli, roca meti
qarTveli dabrunda saqarTveloSi,
vidre miatoves saqarTvelos farglebi. warmatebuli Svilebi,
warmatebuli qarTvelebi brundebian Tavisi qveynis dasaxmareblad Tavisi samSoblos asaRorZineblad. warsuls Cabarda
dro, rodesac korumpirebuli, gazuluqebuli moxeleebi sisxls
wovdnen Cvens xalxs. warsuls
Cabarda aWaraSi tiraniis dro.
warsuls Cabarda adamianebis uflebebis darRvevis dro. warsuls Cabarda dro, rodesac Cven
vcxovrobdiT saxelmwifoSi, romelsac ar SeeZlo daecva Tavisi Tavi, hqonoda sakuTari sazRvrebi, ar SeeZlo daecva sakuTari xalxi. magram me minda
giTxraT erTi ram, yvelas erTad
gvakisria pasuxismgebloba Cveni
samSoblos winaSe, yvelas erTad
gvaqvs pasuxismgebloba demokratiis gavrcelebis winaSe mTels
msoflioSi, dawyebuli belorusiidan, romlis xalxi imsaxurebs Tavisuflebas da Cven videgiT ukraineli xalxis gverdiT,
Cven videgiT sxva xalxis gverdiT - dawyebuli CrdiloeT koreidan, kubidan da es aris demokratiis mxardaWera. saqarTvelo iqneba amerikis mTavari partniori yofil sabWoTa sivrceSi da axlo aRmosavleTSi demokratiis gavrcelebis saqmeSi.
es aris Cveni SemoTavazeba TqvenTvis, batono prezidento.
batono prezidento,
Cven viziarebT Tqvens rwmenas,
rom demokratiuli cvlilebebis nayofebi aRmocendeba axlo
aRmosavleTSi da niSnad imisa,
rom eraySic iqneba demokratia,
rom eraySic arian TiTze melanwasmuli xalxi, aris iseTive amaRelvebeli sayurebeli, rogorc
vardebiT xelSi gamosuli xalxi. me minda mivesalmo im qarTvelebs, vinc amerikelebis gverdiT mxardamxar msaxuroben eraySi isini aq arian warmodgenilni da me minda yvelam erTad
mivesalmoT Cven Tanamemamuleebs,
romliTac Cven Zalian vamayobT.
Cven qarTvelebi siamayiT geubnebiT Tqven amerikelebs: Cven mudmivad Tqvens gverdiT viqnebiT
TavisuflebisaTvis, demokratiisTvis da usafrTxoebisTvis brZolis saqmeSi. Tavisuflebis dacva,
saqarTvelos mraval-eTnikuri
kultura aris Cveni erT-erTi
mTavari siZliere. dRes Cven mTeli msoflios dasanaxad kidev
erTxel vuwvdiT Zmobis, megobrobis xels Cvens afxaz da os
Zmebs da debs. Cven ar gvinda omi,
Cven gvinda mSvidoba erTiani saqarTvelos farglebSi. me minda
maTTan erTad maTi Rirsebis, maTi identurobis dacva da erTad brZola Cveni qveynisTvis.
me minda mivmarTo amerikas, me
mamuli
minda (dRes mTeli msoflio uyurebs) mTeli msoflios gasagonad giTxraT: maSin, rodesac 1990wlebis dasawyisSi saqarTvelos
damoukidebloba axali mopovebuli iyo, rodesac xalxs fizikurad Sioda, puri cxveboda amerikuli xorbliT, romelsac amerika gvaZlevda usasyidlod. me
minda madloba giTxraT, patono
prezidento, maSin am daxmarebisTvis. rodesac sami wlis win
saqarTvelos teritoria daibomba
da Cveni mSvidobiani mosaxleoba daiRupa, amerika iyo erTaderTi qveyana, romelmac aimaRla xma
saqarTvelos dasacavad da uTxra yvela Cvens mezobels, rom
wiTeli xazi gadis kavkasiis qedze, imis iqiT aravis araferi esaqmeba, es aris damoukidebeli da
Tavisufali qveyana. me minda madloba giTxraT, batono prezidento da amerikelebo, amisaTvis.
rodesac Cven yvelani gamovediT
am moedanze Cveni Tavisuflebisa
da Rirsebis dasacavad, amerika
iyo pirveli qveyana, vinc gverdiT daudga qarTvelebs TavisuflebisTvis brZolis saqmeSi da
Cven gvinda madloba giTxraT
amisaTvis, batono prezidento. magram saqarTvelosTvis jer kidev
Zalian mniSvnelovania amerikis
daxmareba. miuxedavad vardebis
revoluciis warmatebisa saqarTveloSi, aris mxareebi, sadac adamianebs warTmeuli aqvT Tavisufleba. Cven unda davamTavroT afxazeTSi da cxinvalis regionSi
mcxovreb Cvens moqalaqeTa izolaciaSi yofna, mivceT maT Tanabari SesaZlebloba ganviTardnen
Tavisuflebis, demokratiis, erTianobis pirobebSi. Cven dRes
amerikis prezidentma, rogorc arc
erTi sxva saxelmwifos liderma, xmamaRla kidev erTxel mTeli msoflios gasagonad Tqva,
rom saqarTvelo iqneba erTiani
da amerika daicavs saqarTvelos
erTianobasa da mTlianobas. me
weRan mogaxseneT, rom Cven gvWirdeba usafrTxoebis damatebiTi
garantiebi Cveni demokratiis, Cveni
Tavisuflebis SesanarCuneblad.
amisaTvis saqarTvelom myarad
Tqva, mTelma qarTvelma xalxma
myarad Tqva, rom saqarTvelo unda gaxdes nato-s Crdiloatlantikuri aliansis wevri da prezidentma buSma dRes kidev erTxel
gamoxata Ria mxardaWera saqarTvelos natoSi gawevrianebisaTvis. ra Tqma unda, Cven kidev
grZeli gza unda gaviaroT demokratiuli reformebis kuTxiT,
Cven bevri gvaqvs gasakeTebeli.
batono prezidento,
gasul zamTars (es iyo pirveli zamTari Cveni demokratiuli revoluciis Semdeg) me mqonda SesaZlebloba mesmina Tqveni
meore sainauguracio gamosvlisTvis. me maxsovs Tqveni sityvebi
- “yvelam, vinc cxovrobs tiraniaSi da uimedobaSi, unda icodes, aSS ar daxuWavs Tvals Tqvens
Seviwroebaze, ar apatiebs maT, vinc
gCagravT Tqven, Tqven, romlebic
aRsdgebiT Tqveni TavisuflebisTvis, Cven amerikelebi mudam davdgebiT Tqvens gverdiT.” im saRamos me megona, rom Tqven piradad me mommarTavdiT, Cvens xalxs
momarTavdiT, Cvens Tavisuflebaze saubrobdiT, Cvens warmatebaze laparakobdiT, Cven demokratias icavdiT, iseve rogorc yvela mezobeli xalxis demokratias da Tqven Tqveni sityva dRes
SeasruleT. dRes mTeli msoflios dasanaxad amerika, romelic idga Cvens gverdiT revoluciis dros, dgas dRes mravali Tbiliselis, mravali qarTvelis winaSe da dRes aq aris
150 000-ze meti adamiani. dRes,
Tqven dgaxarT aq Cvens gverdiT,
rogorc sityvis kaci da rogorc
Cveni megobari. me minda Tavisuflebis moedanze mTeli eris
saxeliT mivesalmo msoflios
liders, romelsac rogorc aravis, udidesi wvlili miuZRvis
TavisuflebisTvis brZolis saqmeSi. mivesalmo mas, rogorc Cvens
did mxardamWers da Cvens did
megobars, rogorc TavisuflebisTvis mebrZols - Welcome to
Georgia Mr. President.
gasuli wlis seqtemberSi saqarTvelos parlamentma daawesa
wminda giorgis saxelobis ordeni saqarTvelosTvis winaSe gansakuTrebuli damsaxurebebisTvis.
Cven am periodis ganmavlobaSi
es ordeni aravisTvis gadagvicia,
Tumca, ra Tqma unda, ar vicodiT
SarSan, rom prezidenti buSi aq
Camovidoda. me minda saqarTvelos Tavisuflebis ganmtkicebaSi, saqarTvelos demokratiis ganmtkicebaSi, mTels postsabWoTa
sivrcesa da axlo aRmosavleTSi demokratiisTvis brZolaSi
Setanili gansakuTrebuli wvlilisTvis am axali qarTuli ordenis pirvel mimRebad, wminda
giorgi ordenis kavalerad gamovacxado aSS-is prezidenti baton jorj buSi da Tqveni saxeliT gadavce mas es ordeni.
didi madloba daxvedrisaTvis!
Tavisufali qveynis moqalaqeebi,
lora da me am mxareSi vimyofebodiT da TqvenTan Camosvlac gadavwyviteT, raTa gveTqva - gamarjoba!
gadavwyviteT im xalxis gverdiT
dgoma, romelmac TavisuflebisaTvis brZolaSi udidesi suliskveTeba da gambedaoba gamoiCina.
Tqven liderebi xarT. lora da
me vamayobT, rom qarTveli xalxis
gverdze, swored im adgilas vdgavarT, romelmac saamayo saxeli, Tavisuflebis moedani daimsaxura.
rodesac 16 wlis winaT, aq qarTveli xalxi Seikriba, am moedans
sxva saxeli hqonda.
leninis civi gamoxedvis qveS
aTasobiT qarTveli loculobda
Relavda da moiTxovda damoukideblobas.
sabWoTa armiam gaJlita protestis dRe, magram maT ver SesZles
qarTuli sulis ganadgureba.
momdevno wels qarTvelebi dabrundnen am moedanze da leninis
Zegli Camoagdes.
1991 wlis 9 aprils Tqven msoflios gamoucxadeT, rom sabWoTa saqarTvelo aRar arsebobs da Tavisufali saqarTvelos dabadeba amcneT!
im istoriul dRes Tqven damoukidebloba aRidgineT, magram imediani dasawyisi, romelic Tqven
wamoiwyeT, ar asrulda.
18 Tvis winaT, qarTvelebi am
moedans isev daubrundnen, raTa 1989
wels wamowyebuli saqme, Rirseulad daesrulebinaT.
Tqven aq vardebiT SeikribeT da
rwmeniT SeiaraRebulebma Tavisufleba moiTxoveT.
Tqveni moqmedebebis Sedegad saqarTvelo dRes Tavisufali da
damoukidebeli qveyanaa, romelic
am regionSi da mTels msoflioSi
sanimuSo magaliTs warmoadgens.
es gza ar aris ioli, magram Tqven
ar mogiwevT am gzis marto gavla!
amerikelebi pativs scemen Tqvens
mamac arCevans, Tavisuflebis mopovebisaTvis.
Tavisufali da demokratiuli
saqarTvelos Senebisas amerikeli
xalxi Tqvens gverdiTaa!
Tqven aSenebT Tavisufal momavals Tqveni Svilebisa da SviliSvilebisaTvis da igive miznebis ganxorcielebaSi sxva qveynebsac exmarebiT.
rodesac avRaneli xalxi sakuTari qveynis pirvel prezidents
irCevda, qarTveli jariskacebi iq
usafrTxoebas uzrunvelyofdnen.
rodesac eraySi teroristuli
Zaladoba gamZafrda, saqarTvelom
Tavisi gambedaoba aCvena - eraySi
Tqveni jaris raodenoba xuTjer
gazardeT.
erayelebi, amerikelebi da Tqveni
koaliciuri mokavSireebi amisaTvis madlobeli arian.
Tqveni udidesi wvlili SegaqvT TavisuflebisaTvis brZolaSi, magram yvelaze mniSvnelovani
wvlili Tqvenive magaliTia.
bolo Tveebis ganmavlobaSi mTeli msoflio gaocebulia imedismomcemi cvlilebebiT, romelic mimdinareobs baRdadidan beiruTamde
da beiruTidan biSkekamde, magram
sanam eraySi iasamnisferi revolucia moxdeboda, titebis revo-
...They could not crush
the Georgian spirit
maT ver SesZles
qarTuli sulis ganadgureba
lucia yirgizeTSi da narinjisferi revolucia ukrainaSi, manamde saqarTveloSi vardebis revolucia moxda.
Tqveni suliskveTeba atyobinebs
mTels msoflios, rom Tavisuf-leba
iqneba yoveli erisa da msoflioSi
yvela adamianis momavali.
Tavisufali sazogadoebis Seneba Taobebis samsaxuria. TiTqmis
15 weli daWirda brZolas, sanam am
qveyanaSi Tavisufleba da samarTlianoba moikidebda fexs.
weliwadnaxevris winaT, am moedanze gamosul bevr students da
ubralo adamians - umetesad axalgazrdebs, 1989 wlis saprotesto
aqciebi naklebad emaxsovrebodaT,
magram maT TavianTi mSoblebis dawyebuli saqme daasrules.
amJamad kavkasiis, centraluri
aziisa da aRmosavleTis qveynebSi
Cven igives vxedavT - Tavisuflebis wyurvils, romelic axalgazrdebis gulis wadilia.
isini Tavisuflebas moiTxoven
da moipoveben kidevac mas.
rogorc Tavisufal qveynebs, amerikasa da saqarTvelos didi pasuxismgebloba gaaCnia da Cvens movaleobebs erTad SevasrulebT.
Tavisufali sazogadoebebi mSvidobian sazogadoebebs warmoadgenen. milionobiT adamianebisaTvis
aq gancdili Tavisuflebis miniWebiT Cven win wavwevT Tavisuflebisa da mSvidobis mopovebis
safuZvels.
Cveni movaleobebic TavisuflebisaTvis globalur brZolaSi iwyeba, Tumca mSvidobian revoluciebs represiuli reJimebis Camogdeba SeuZlia, WeSmarit amocanas
ki, Tavisufali institutebis ganviTareba warmoadgens.
es rTuli saqmea da Tqven amas
Rirseulad, gabedulad arTmevT Tavs!
ekonomikuri reformis gansaxorcieleblad da korufciis aRmosafxvrelad sakmaod rTuli nabijebi gadadgiT.
Tqven demokratiul sazogadoebas aSenebT, sadac umciresobebis
uflebebi daculia.
Tavisufali presa yvavis, qveyana
miesalmeba Zlier opozicias da
erToba TavisuflebiT miiRweva.
am axal saqarTveloSi kanonis
uzenaesoba gaimarjvebs da Tavisufleba TiToeuli moqalaqis ufleba iqneba!
es iyo Tqveni awgardacvlili
premier-ministris Jvanias ocneba,
romelmac odesRac Tqva, SemTxveviT ar momxdara, rom Cven ori Zalze mniSvnelovani idea avirCieT. es
idea ”Tavisufleba da pasuxismgebloba” Cvens lozungad iqca. dRes
Cven qeds vixriT am udidesi qarTveli patriotis winaSe, romelic globaluri demokratiuli revoluciis didi lideri gaxda!
Tavisufali da pasuxismgeblobis grZnobiT gamsWvaluli sazogadoebis SenebiT mis xsovnas Tqven
pativs miagebT da mis memkvidreobas agrZelebT!
Tqvens qveyanaSi Tavisufali
sazogadoebis SenebiT, is kavSirebi, romlebic Cvens qveynebs aerTianebs, ufro gaRrmavdeba.
Cvens pativs vcemT saqarTvelos
survils SeuerTdes evropis institutebs da mxars vuWerT nato-sTan Tqvens mWidro TanamSromlobas.
saqarTvelos liderebma ician,
rom konfliqtebis mSvidobianad
mogvareba aucilebelia Tqveni
trans-atlantikur aliansSi integraciisaTvis.
amave dros, saqarTvelos damoukideblobasa da teritoriul mTlianobas yvela qveyana unda sces
pativi.
istoriul epoqaSi, sadac Tavisufleba Savi zRvidan kaspiis
zRvisken miiwevs, sparseTis yureSi
da ufro Sorsac, rodesac mTel
msoflioSi xedavT TavianTi qveynebis droSebiT mofriale Tavisufali xalxis moednebze Sekrebebs, romlebic RmerTis mier miniWebul uflebas moiTxovs, am dros,
Tqven ukve SegiZliaT miRweuliT
iamayoT.
es TqveniT aris gamowveuli da
Tqveni warmatebis magaliTze maTac didi imedi eZlevaT!
WeSmariti Tavisuflebis Senebisas unda icodeT, rom qarTul
miwaSi Tqvens mier daTesili Tavisuflebis Tesli mTels msoflioSi Rvivdeba!
me aq Camovedi, raTa Tqveni gambedaobisTvis madloba gadagixadoT!
amerikeli xalxi afasebs Tqvens
megobrobas da moxiblulia Tqveni
simtkiciT!
yvela amerikelis saxeliT gixdiT madlobas! RmerTma daglocoT! saqarTvelos gaumarjos!
mamuli
Mr. President, thank you for that
introduction. Citizens of a free Georgia, Laura and I were in the neighborhood - we thought we`d swing
by and say gamarjoba.
I am proud to stand beside a
President who has shown such
spirit, determination, and leadership in the cause of freedom. And
Laura and I are proud to stand with
the courageous people of Georgia,
in this place that has earned a
proud name - Freedom Square.
When Georgians gathered here
16 years ago, this square had a
different name. Under Lenin`s steely gaze, thousands of Georgians
prayed and sang, and demanded
their independence. The Soviet army crushed that day of protest, but
they could not crush the spirit of
the Georgian people.
The following year, Georgians
returned to this square and pulled
down the statue of Lenin. And on
April 9th, 1991, you declared to the
world that Soviet Georgia was no
more, and that the independent
nation of Georgia was born. On that
historic day, you reclaimed your
sovereignty, but the hopeful start
you made was not fulfilled. So 18
months ago, Georgians returned
to this square to complete the task
you began in 1989. You gathered
here armed with nothing but roses
and the power of your convictions,
and you claimed your liberty. And
because you acted, Georgia is today both sovereign and free, and a
beacon of liberty for this region and
the world.
The path of freedom you have
chosen is not easy, but you will not
travel it alone. Americans respect
your courageous choice for liberty.
And as you build a free and democratic Georgia, the American people
will stand with you.
You are building a free future for
your children and grandchildren,
and you are helping other nations
to do the same. When the Afghan
people defied terrorists to vote in
that nation`s first free presidential
elections, Georgian soldiers were
there to provide security. And last
year - and last year, when terrorist
violence in Iraq was escalating,
Georgia showed her courage. You
increased your troop commitment
in Iraq fivefold. The Iraqi people are
grateful, and so are your American
and coalition allies.
You are making many important
contributions to freedom`s cause,
but your most important contribution is your example. In recent months, the world has marveled at the
hopeful changes taking place from
Baghdad to Beirut to Bishkek. But
before there was a Purple Revolution in Iraq, or an Orange Revolution in Ukraine, or a Cedar Revolution in Lebanon, there was the Rose
Revolution in Georgia.
Your courage is inspiring democratic reformers and sending a message that echos across the world:
Freedom will be the future of every
nation and every people on Earth.
Building a free society is the
work of generations. It took nearly
15 years of struggle before liberty
and justice fully took root in this
country. Many of the students and
workers who gathered here on this
square 18 months ago were too
young to remember the protests of
1989, but they took up freedom`s
cause and finished the work that
their parents had begun.
Now, across the Caucasus, in
Central Asia and the broader Middle East, we see the same desire
for liberty burning in the hearts of
young people. They are demanding their freedom - and they will
have it.
As free nations, the United States and Georgia have great responsibilities, and together, we will do
our duty. Free societies are peaceful societies. And by extending liberty to millions who have not known
it, we will advance the cause of
freedom, and we will advance the
cause of peace.
In this global struggle for liberty,
our duties begin at home. While
peaceful revolutions can bring
down repressive regimes, the real
changes and the real challenge is
to build up free institutions in their
place. This is difficult work, and you
are undertaking it with dignity and
determination. You have taken tough steps to reform your economy
and to crack down on corruption.
You are building a democratic society where the rights of minorities
are respected, where a free press
flourishes, a vigorous opposition
is welcome, and unity is achieved
through peace. In this new Georgia,
the rule of law will prevail, and
freedom will be the birthright of
every citizen.
This was a dream of your late
Prime Minister Zhvania who once
said, “It is not by mere chance that
we have adopted two very important
ideas as our watch words: freedom
and responsibility“. Today, we pay
tribute to this Georgian patriot who
became a great leader of the global
democratic revolution. In building
a free and responsible society, you
honor his memory and you carry
on his legacy.
As you build free institutions at
home, the ties that bind our nations
will grow deeper, as well. We respect Georgia`s desire to join the
institutions of Europe. We encourage your closer cooperation with
NATO. Georgia`s leaders know
that the peaceful resolution of conflict is essential to your integration
into the transatlantic community. At
the same time, the sovereignty and
territorial integrity of Georgia must
be respected - the territorial and
sovereignty of Georgia must be respected by all nations.
We are living in historic times
when freedom is advancing, from
the Black Sea to the Caspian, and
to the Persian Gulf and beyond. As
you watch free people gathering in
squares like this across the world,
waving their nations` flags and
demanding their God-given rights,
you can take pride in this fact: They
have been inspired by your example and they take hope in your success.
As you build freedom in this
country, you must know that the
seeds of liberty you are planting in
Georgian soil are flowering across
the globe. I have come here to thank
you for your courage. The American
people value your friendship, and
admire your determination. On
behalf of all Americans, thank you,
God bless you. Sakartvelos
gaumarjos.
5
batono prezidento, am istoriul RonisZiebasTan dakavSirebiT, minda mogesalmoT.
rogorc miTxres saqarTvelos quCebSi Tqvens dasaxvedrad 150 aTasamde adamiania
Sekrebili.
msurs mogaxsenoT, rom saqarTvelos istoriaSi es uprecendento SemTxvevaa da
Tqveni vizitis mniSvnelobaze
metyvelebs.
guSin aeroportTan swored
is xalxi naxeT, romelic quCaSi
Tqvens dasaxvedrad gamovida.
es CrdiloeT korea ar aris.
Cven ar SegviZlia mosaxleoba movatyuoT da mcdari informacia mivawodoT.
es piradad CemTvis Zalze
amaRelvebeli iyo.
am SenobasTan 18 Tvis winaT,
demokratiisa da misi principebis dasacavad 180 aTasi adamiani Seikriba.
vardebis revoluciis Semdeg, usafrTxoebis sferoSi gaweuli daxmarebebisa da demokratiis ganviTarebis mxriv,
saqarTvelos mimarT arc erT
qveyanas iseTi mxardaWera ar
gamouxatavs, rogorc amerikis
SeerTebul Statebs.
am TvalsazrisiT qarTvelebi
amerikelebis mimarT madlierebas mudmivad gamoxataven.
msurs mivesalmo amerikis
SeerTebuli Statebis prezidents!
amerikasa da saqarTvelos
Soris partniorobas udidesi
mniSvneloba eniWeba, aqedan gamomdinare, Cveni urTierToba,
milsadenebis proeqtebsa da
sxva strategiul sakiTxebze
ufro mniSvnelovania.
es Tavisuflebisa da demokratiis principebis gaziarebasa da liberaluri Rirebulebebis damkvidrebas Seexeba.
prezidenti buSi is pirovnebaa, romelic am sakiTxs udides mniSvnelobas aniWebs da
misi aqtiuri mxardamWeria.
prezidenti buSi saqarTvelos imitom ewvia, rom Cveni
mosazrebebi erTmaneTs emTxveva - Tavisuflebismoyvare adamians tiraniis pirobebSi arseboba ar SeuZlia.
orivem viciT, rom Tavisufleba maTgan unda davicvaT, visac misi SezRudva surs.
Cveni erToba ki, gvaZlierebs
da imeds gvaZlevs, rom ufro
met Sedegs mivaRwioT.
swored amitom 800 qarTveli jariskaci mokavSireTa Zalebs exmareba, eraySi ibrZvis
im Zalis dasamarcxeblad, romelTa mTavari mizani xalxis
damoneba, daSineba da xocvaa.
amitom arian qarTvelebi avRaneTSi natos misiiT.
aqedan gamomdinare, Zalian
vafasebT imas, rom amerika, ukrainis msgavsad, saqarTvelos
natosTan integracias mxars
uWers.
amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi aseve mxars uWers saqarTvelos teritoriul
mTlianobas, mis suverenitets
saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis
mier aRiarebul sazRvrebSi.
Cven vafasebT am mxardaWeras da udides pasuxismgeblobas vgrZnobT.
Cven vapirebT, rom mSvidobianad gadavwyvitoT problemebi, romlebic samxreT oseTisa
6
saqarTvelo Zalian
amayia, rom Tqven
am patara miwaze
CamobrZandiT
CamobrZandiT!!
mixeil saakaSvili
da afxazeTis konfliqtebTan
- am regionebis mosaxleobasa
da teritoriebTan aris dakavSirebuli.
yvelafers gavakeTebT imisaTvis, rom demokratiuli procesebi, mimdinare reformebi ufro farTomasStabiani gavxadoT, raTa saqarTveloSi cxovreba ukeTesi gaxdes.
amas garda miviswrafviT, rom
yvela mezobel qveyanasTan megobruli urTierToba davamkvidroT da darwmunebuli varT,
rom amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis mxardaWeriT yvela am
sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis sakiTxs gadavwyvetT.
batono prezidento, Tqven
brwyinvale lideri brZandebiT!
saqarTvelo Zalian amayia,
rom Tqven am patara miwaze
CamobrZandiT!
qarTvelebs gvwams, rom stumari RvTisaa da Tqven yvelaze Zvirfasi stumari xarT!
keTili iyos Tqveni mobrZaneba!
2005
wlis
jorj buSis sityva gamarTul preskonferenciaze
smdty u.fds
vtuj,ht,b fvthbrfib=
vnis Rirsi da dasafasebe- gadoebis wevrebTan Sexved- nis mosaxleobas imisaTvis,
mogesalmebiT!
batono prezidento, upirveles yovlisa madlobeli
var Tqveni stumarTmoyvareobisTvis.
qarTuli cekva da simRera gasaocari da Tvalwarmtaci iyo, qarTuli samzareuli ki - ugemrielesi.
didi madloba msurs gadavuxado maT, vinc es yvelaferi gaakeTa.
saqarTvelos xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebTan
Zalze gulaxdili saubari
mqonda. gulaxdilia prezidenti saakaSvilic da es
me Zalian momwons.
mas uyvars demokratia da
Tavisufleba, uyvars qarTveli xalxi.
Tanamedrove istoriaSi
vardebis revolucia mniSvnelovani momenti iyo.
vardebis revoluciam Tavisufal sazogadoebaSi
cxovreba mTel msoflios
moandoma.
amgvari simamace aRniS-
10
lia. xalxis survilia gaizardos mSvidobian qveyanaSi. vafaseb im reformebsac, romlebic Tqven ganaxorcieleT.
aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelom mokle periodis ganmavlobaSi bevri ramis gakeTeba SeZlo. saqarTvelos
prezidentma icis, rom gasakeTebeli da samuSao jer
kidev bevria. demokratia ufro metad unda ganviTardes
da kanonis uzenaesoba unda
damkvidrdes.
aucilebelia Tavisufali masmediis arseboba.
prezidenti saakaSvili am
sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT ukmayofilebas gamoTqvamda da
es kargia, radgan es imas niSnavs, rom Tqven Tavisuflebi
xarT. Cvens masmediaze ukmayofilo mec xSirad var,
magram sazogadoebis winaSe
amas ar vacxadeb.
Tqveni samoqalaqo sazo-
ras mouTmenlad veli.
am xalxs Sevaxseneb, rom
maT gverdiT iseTi WeSmariti demokratiuli sazogadoebaa, romelic erovnul
umciresobebs pativs scems.
saqarTvelo mravalferovani da didi tradiciebis
mqone qveyanaa, sadac demokratia aucileblad ganviTardeba ufro metad.
Cven nato-sTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebzec visaubreT. prezidentma naTlad
gamoxata, rom saqarTvelos
am organizaciasTan integracia surs. amas Cvenc mouTmenlad veliT!
amerikasa da saqarTvelos
aliansi orive qveynisTvis
aris mniSvnelovani, radgan
Cven strategiuli urTierToba gvaqvs.
Cven gvsurs, rom qarTvelma xalxma miznebs miaRwios.
madlobas vuxdiT saqarTvelos prezidents da qvey-
rom eraysa da avRaneTSi jari danayofebi gagzavna.
Sexvedrisas sxvadasxva
regionuli problemebis
mSvidobiani gadawyvetis sakiTxsac SevexeT.
imedi maqvs, rom urTierTTanamSromlobis safuZvelze am problemis mSvidobianad mogvarebas SevZlebT.
darwmunebuli var, rom
Cveni daxmarebiT, am TvalsazrisiT saqarTvelo mniSvnelovan progress miaRwevs.
me mouTmenlad velodi
am vizits da axla, mouTmenlad veli Tavisuflebis
moedanze gasvlas.
es Cemi qveynis erTgvar
savizito baraTad wamovidginoT, radgan moedans Tavisuflebis saxeli aqvs.
minda kidev erTxel gadavuxado madloba saqarTvelos da vuTxra, rom
Tqven gyavT megobrebi amerikaSi!
laparakebaze saubari SeuZlebelia.
kor: - Tqven saqarTveloSi konfliqtebis mSvidobiani mogvarebis Sesaxeb da
amerikis rolis gaaqtiurebaze saubrobT. konkretulad,
riTi SeiZleba am sakiTxSi
amerika saqarTvelos daexmaeros, radgan saqarTvelos
xelisuflebas ukve arCeuli aqvs konfliqtebis mSvidobiani mogvarebis gza? konkretulad ra nabijebi SeiZleba gadadgas amerikam? fiqrobT Tu ara, rom am konfliqtebis mTavari problema aris
mesame Zala da es Zala ruseTia?
j. buSi: - SekiTxva exeboda imas, Tu ra saxis daxmareba SeiZleba SevTavazoT
saqarTvelos am problemebis mosagvareblad. me absoluturad darwmunebuli var,
rom saqarTvelos mTavrobas
absoluturad misaRebi strategia aqvs da Tu baton
prezidents eqneba survili
konkretuli sakiTxebi erTad ganvixiloT, amisTvis yovelTvis mzad var. mainc xazgasmiT aRvniSnav, rom saqarTvelos mTavroba wyvets im
problemebs, romlebic separatistul regionebTan aris
dakavSirebuli da Cvens gada-
wyvetilebebs Tavs ver mogaxvevT. Cven vmuSaobT adgilobrv saxelisuflebo struqturebTan, gaerosTan da
SegviZlia maqsimalurad SegiwyoT xeli problemebis
mSvidobian gadawyvetaSi. batonma prezidentma yuradReba imaze gaamaxvila, rom
saqarTvelo avtonomiur separatistul regionebs absoluturad gafarToebul
uflebebs pirdeba. rac Seexeba daxmarebas, saqarTvelos
prezidents yovelTvis SeeZleba damirekos nebismier
problemaze da me mas davexmarebi.
kor: - Tu SeaxseneT baton putins, rom ruseTis
sazRvrebTan demokratiuli
procesebis ganviTarebiT, igi
dainteresebuli unda iyos?
j. buSi: - ramdenime dRis
winaT ruseTis prezidentma
vladimer putinma Tavis ukanasknel gamosvlaSi am sakiTxebze isaubra. misi gamosvla
konstruqciuli iyo da xazi gausva demokratiis aucileblobas misi qveynisTvis.
demokratia mSvidobiani qveynebis prioriteti gaxlavT.
rodesac gaqvT mSvidobiani
qveyana da mSvidobiani mezoblebi gyavT - es aris es ruseTisTvisac sasargebloa.
saqarTvelo dResdReobiT demokratiuli, mSvidobiani qveyanaa. prezidenti aqtiurad
melaparakeboda ekonomikur
winsvlaze, mrewvelobisa da
mcire biznesis ganviTarebis
perspeqtivebze. adamianebma
unda SeZlon sakuTari moTxovnilebebis dakmayofileba da rodesac Tqven yuradRebas amaze amaxvilebT, Zalzed mniSvnelovania, rom qveyanas mSvidobiani mezoblebi hyavdes. albaT, ruseTi aucileblad gaacnobierebs
imas, rom demokratiuli qveynis mezobloba umniSvnelovanesia. aqedan gamomdinare,
yvela is sakiTxi, romelic
or qveyanas awuxebs mSvidobianad gadawydeba. kidev erTxel minda madloba movaxseno baton prezidents maspinZlobisTvis da im magaliTisTvis, Tu risi miRweva SeiZleba, rodesac adamianebs
azris gamoxatva Tavisuflad
SeuZliaT. demokratia Tavisufal sazogadoebas niSnavs.
Cven - piradad me da batoni
prezidenti Cveni SvilebisTvis da SviliSvilebisTvis
mSvidobiani samyaros, mSvidobiani msoflios SeqmnisaTvis vibrZviT. Zalian didi
madloba amisaTvis, batono
prezidento!
maisi
kiTxva-pasuxi
parlamentis SenobaSi
gamarTul prezidentTa
preskonferenciaze
kor: - SekiTxva amerikis
SeerTebuli Statebis prezidentTan meqneba - Tu gqondaT ruseTis federaciis prezidentTan saubari saqarTveloSi ruseTis samxedro bazebis Sesaxeb? mas Semdeg
rac Tqven moskovi datoveT,
ruseTis presa acxadebs, rom
es or qveyanas Soris gansaxilveli sakiTxia da aSS ar
apirebs moiTxovos stambolis gadawyvetilebis Sesruleba. rogor fiqrobT, es
marTlac saSinao da or qveyanas Soris gadasawyveti sakiTxia, Tu migaCniaT, rom am
SemTxvevaSi, saerTaSoris Tanamegobrobis zemoqmedeba ufro efeqtiani iqneba?
j. buSi: - SekiTxva ruseTis bazebis gayvanas Seexeboda. amis Sesaxeb prezident putinTan visaubreT.
man icoda, rom me saqarTveloSi Camovdiodi da vTqvi,
rom mouTmenlad velodebodi Cems megobar, saakaSvilTan stumrobas. darwmunebuli viyavi, rom samxedro bazebis gayvanis sakiTxi aucileblad wamoiWreboda. vici
rom arsebobs 1998 wlis
stambulis SeTanxmeba. prezident putinTan ruseTis bazebze saubrisas, man miTxra,
rom am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, pozitiurad aris ganwyobili. prezident putinma Tavad Semaxsena stambolis xelSekruleba, romlis mixedviTac ruseTi iRebs valdebulebas, rom rusuli bazebi
saqarTvelos teritoriidan
garkveul vadebSi gaiyvanos.
kor: - rogori damokidebuleba aqvs amerikas iseT
separatistul reJimTan dakavSirebiT, romelsac ama Tu
im qveynisgan gamoyofa surs.
j. buSi: - demokratia
mxolod mSvidobiani gziT
unda damyardes, xolo rac
Seexeba separatistul regionebs, es sakiTxi gamWvirvale midgomiT unda mogvardes. Cven mxars vuWerT avtonomiasa da TviTmarTvelobas, magram qveynis danawevrebas mxars ver davuWerT.
amerika yovelTvis demokratiisa da Tavisuflebis momxrea. saqarTvelos prezidentTan dgoma am sakiTxis mimarT Cveni damokidebulebis
erTgvari mesijia. Cven SegviZlia yvelanairi daxmareba gavuwioT partniorebs, raTa saqarTvelos sazogadoebis momavali Taobebi Tavisufal qveyanaSi gaizardon.
saakaSvili Cemi partnioria,
romelsac demokratiis gamarjvebis mtkiced swams da
am mxriv vafaseb mis wvlils!
kidev erTi msurs davamato
- me absoliturad vuWer
mxars Zlier TviTmarTvelobis institutebs, vici Tu
ras niSnavs es da ramdenad
seriozulia adamianebma sakuTari identuroba gaiTavison. rac Seexeba afxazeTs
- es ar aris demokratia, rodesac mosaxleobis erTi nawili calke cxovrebas wyvets. xolo rodesac saqmeSi
iaraRi erTveba, mSvidobian mo-
mamuli
didi prezidenti da
aRtkinebuli xalxi
uCveulo, jer arnaxuli da argagonili xdeboda TbilisSi - aRTqmul
miwad dasaxuli qveynis
prezidenti Camovida. misi xelis daqnevis, Tbili misalmebisa
da sityvebis molodinSi Tavisuflebis moedans
dilaadrianve miawyda xalxi.
TiToeuli adamianis Semowmebas
didi dro mihqonda da rigi zoziniT miiwevda win.
es ki qarTvelebs
rodis gvyvarebia.
amitomac jiqur
gaiwia xalxma, erTmaneTSi aiTqvifa didi da patara. me, piradad, xan
haerSi masavsavebines xel-fexi,
xan - lamis miwaze maTries. Semowmeba viRas axsovda, erTi
daxuvleba da... Tavisuflebis moedanze aRmoCnda zRva xalxi.
plakatebi iyo aTasnairi, bavSvuri gulubryvilobiT naxati da naweri. magaliTad, erT maTganze ori guli iyo gamosaxuli (ise, rogorc
cameti wlis gogo gadaatyupebs or guls, erTs
Tavis saxels rom waawers, meores ki - Seyvarebulisas). aqeT-iqidan
ki jorj buSisa da mixeil saakaSvilis moRimari
saxeebi iyo mixatuli.
or gogonas qarTulamerikuldroSebiani plakati eWira, romelzec
“Tbilisi-niu-iorki”
ewera. albaT, yurs xSirad xvdeboda niu-iorki, amitomac, rogorc Cans,
swored es qalaqi CaTvales aSS-s dedaqalaqad.
lafsusebi sxvebsac
gaeparaT, Tumca, sxva ram
iyo mTavari - paTosi.
- vamayob dRevandeli
dRiT. mTelma msofliom gaigo, aseT patara
qveyanas udidesi qveynis
prezidenti estumra. Tanac,
Cemi Svili amerikaSia wasuli samuSaod, amitomac
im qveynis prezidentis viziti CemTvis gansakuTrebulad sainteresoa. SeiZ-
leba, qarTvel emigrantebs
raime privilegiac mianiWos, roca naxavs, ra kargi
xalxia qarTvelebi da rogor uyvarT jorj buSi, Tqva RonisZiebaze mosulma erT-erTma qalbatonma,
medea magraqveliZem. saerTo sixaruls mis gverdiT
mdgomi meri onianic uerTdeboda - qarTuli stumarTmoyvareoba unda davanaxoT baton buSso.
marTalia, amerikis prezidentis vizitisTvis Tvalis midevneba televizoris saSualebiTac SeeZlo
yvelas, magram Tavisuflebis moedanze Takara mzis
qveS dgoma da Wyletva
arCies. am didi mov-lenis
Tanamonawileni unda vyofiliyaviTo, - ase xsnidnen
TavianT gadawyvetilebas.
Zalian gviyvars Cven
“didi kacebi”, Zalian... iqneb metismetadac ki.
moedanze Zalian bevri
bavSvi hyavdaT moyvanili
jorj buSisTvis Tvalis
mosakravad.
- ici, vin aris buSi. vekiTxebi patara giorgis.
- didi prezidentia.
prezidentebis gamosvlamde lodini koncerts unda Seevso. xangrZlivi koncerti gamovida - marTalia, Cveni estradis elitad miCneuli nawili gamovida mxolod, magram
es elitac metismetad mravalricxovania CvenSi.
raki xalxis
didi nawili gaukontroleblad
moxvda moedanze,
RonisZiebis CaSlis safrTxe Seiqmna. madloba RmerTs, prezidentebs
ganrigi ar SeucvliaT.
rogorc ki amerikis himni gaisma,
xalxs daRliloba gadaaviwyda.
mxurvale taSi aayoles himns. qarTulTan erTad
uamravi amerikuli droSa irxeoda.
mixeil saakaSvilisa
da jorj buSis sityvebma aRtacebis talRad
gadauara xalxs (Tumca,
teqnikuri xarvezis gamo, mTeli rva wuTis ganmavlobaSi batoni mixeil saakaSvilis xma mxolod masTan axlos mdgom
adamianebs esmodaT).
mixeil saakaSvilma
sapatio jildo gadasca
stumars. jorj buSi
wminda giorgis ordenis
pirveli kavaleri gaxda.
isev aJRerda amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis himni, mas ki saqarTvelos himni unda mohyoloda, magram... rbilad
rom vTqvaT, kuriozis
mowmeni gavxdiT - ramdenjerme ganmeorda erTi
da igive akordebi da
himnic Sewyda.
uxerxuli mdgomareobidan gamosavlad cocxlad simRera iqca.
Tavisuflebis moedanze Sekrebilma xalxma,
didma Tu pataram xma
aayola himns.
buSi STabeWdilebebs
kongress uziarebs
“es didebuli turne
iyo,” - ase Seafasa jorj
buSma sakuTari evropuli turne, rodesac amerikel kongresmenebs moskovSi, latviaSi, niderlandebsa da saqarTveloSi sakuTari vizitis STabeWdilebebs uziarebda.
am saubrisas
yvelaze saintereso detali ki
moskovSi Casvlas
exeboda - dasavleTSi gaxSirebuli kritikis Semdeg aSS-s liderma vladimir putini megobrad moixsenia.
“fantastikuri
SegrZnebaa, idge
150 aTasi, Tavisuflebis moyvaruli adamianis winaSe,” - ase gaixsena SeerTebuli Statebis prezidentma TbilisSi ordRiani viziti da
xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom
amerika yovelTvis exmareboda da kvlavac daexmareba im qveynebs, romlebsac tiraniis safrTxe
daemuqrebaT.
latviaSi viziti man
Zalze “STambeWdav gamocdilebad” Seafasa,
radgan SesaZlebloba mieca, Tvali edevnebina demokratiis gzaze axlad
damdgari qveynisTvis da
xalxisTvis, romelsac
Tavisufleba uyvars.
rac Seexeba niderlandebs, aSS-s liderma udidesi pativiscemiT moixsenia misi udidebulesoba dedofali beatrisi; xazi gausva SesaZleblobas, masTan erTad pativi miego meore msoflio omSi daRupuli
amerikeli jariskacebisaTvis.
buSma gacilebiT meti
dro dauTmo moskovSi
miRebuli STabeWdilebebis gaziarebas da ganacxada, rom gamarjvebis aRsaniSnav aRlumze
igi megobris gverdiT
ijda.
“me maxsovs, pataraobisas, Tu rogor vakvirdebodi wiTel moedanze
mimdinare aRlums; da ai,
me, rogorc amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis prezidenti, vzivar wiTel
moedanze da im xalxis
mimarT vamJRavneb pativiscemas, romlebic daiRupnen faSizmis damarcxebisaTvis brZolaSi;
mamuli
da me megobris gverdiT
vzivar,” - aRniSna man da
xazi gausva, rom ruseTi
ar aris SeerTebuli Statebis mteri - is megobaria, romelTan erTadac
mSvidobis dasamyareblad
muSaobs.
“rasakvirvelia, rig sakiTxebSi gansxvavebuli azri gvaqvs, magram Cven erTiani azri gvaqvs imis Taobaze, rom mSvidobisaTvis
erTad unda vimuSaoT,” ganacxada jorj buSma.
sxvaTa Soris, buSsa da
vladimir putins Soris
urTierTobaze amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saxelmwifo mdivanma kondoliza raismac isaubra da
aRniSna, rom ori qveynis
prezidentebis urTierdamokidebuleba, upirveles
yovlisa, pativiscemas eyrdnoba.
jorj buSsa da vladimir putins Soris uSualo urTierTobebia, - ganacxada man aSS-s prezidentis moskovSi vizitis komentirebisas da aRniSna,
rom es uSualoba kritikis SemTxvevaSic ar qreba.
raisis azriT, “im SemTxvevaSic ki, rodesac aris
sirTule da mosazrebebSi
gansxvaveba, maT Soris mainc megobruli damokidebulebaa”.
aSS-s saxelmwifo mdivanma telekompania “si-enen”-Tan interviuSi aseTi
ram Tqva: “rac unda didi
iyos azrTa sxvadasxvaoba,
ruseTi udidesi qveyanaa,
udidesi kulturis mqone
da bolo 15 wlis ganmavlobaSi mas giganturi
progresi hqonda”.
kondoliza raisma Tavi
valdebulad CaTvala, xazgasmiT aReniSna, rom moskovSi viziti aucilebeli
iyo, raTa enaxaT, “Tu ram-
denad Sors wavida es
saxelmwifo”.
Tumca, aSS-s saxelmwifo mdivnis teleintervius gacilebiT “emociuri” nawili saqarTveloSi vizitis
STabeWdilebebis
moyolas mieZRvna.
“SesaniSnavi turne iyo,” - ase iwyebs qalbatoni
raisi amerikeli
mayureblisTvis
STabeWdilebebis
gaziarebas. misi
TqmiT, es iyo mogzauroba, romlis
drosac prezidents saSualeba mieca, axalgazrda
demokratebi moenaxulebina. “CemTvis, rogorc sovetologisTvis,
saocari iyo im
adgilebis monaxuleba, romelic
sul raRac ori aTwleulis win “rkinis”fardis” miRma imyofeboda.
latviis SemTxvevaSi, romelic axla evrokavSirisa da nato-s wevria,
sadac demokratia cocxlad igrZnoba; da saqarTveloSi... moedanze
dgoma 150 aTasi qarTvelis winaSe, romelic Seni prezidentis saxels
gaiZaxis da amerikis droSebs afrialebs. unda
giTxraT, rom CemTvis gansakuTrebiT amaRelvebeli iyo, Jruantelmac ki
amitana, rodesac maT amerikis erovnuli himnis
simRera daiwyes qarTuli aqcentiT - saocrad
amaRelvebeli iyo iq
yofna,” - ai, aseTi emociiT savse mouTxrobda
aSS-s saxelmwifo mdivani gadacemis wamyvans
Tavis STabeWdilebebs.
lari kingma saxelmwifo mdivans “xelyumbaris istoriazec” sTxova komentaris gakeTeba,
razec qalbatoni raisis pasuxi sakmaod mSvidi iyo - “amis Sesaxeb
mogvianebiT SevityveT.
cxadia, gamoZieba mimdinareobs. vfiqrob, saqarTvelos uSiSroebis samsaxuri Cvens uwyebebTan
erTad imuSavebs imis gasagebad, Tu ra moxda.
magram es SemTxveva veranairad Secvlis imas,
rac iq xdeboda; da minda giTxraT, rom Zalian
amaRelvebeli iyo moedanze yofna.”
nino
gomarTeli
7
aprilis dasawyisSi am umSvenieres periodSi, rodesac kvirtebi feTqdeba
da are-mare saocar xibls, xalissa da optimizms unergavs yvelaze gamousworebel pesimistsac ki, gazafxulis uSreti energiiT damuxtuli, TiTqos bunebis am saocari cvalebadobis kvaldakval fexawyobili- brodveize
(Cantor Film Center) ramodenime dRis ganmavlobaSi studenturi filmebis
festivali mimdinareobda, sadac Tavis sakurso (sadiplomo) namuSevrebs
acnobdnen konomoyvarulebs niu-iorkis universitetis sutentebi, maT Soris erTi qarTvelic - levan koRuaSvili!
festivali or turad mimdinareobda. pirvelive turSi levanis filmma
`vali~ sami prizi moipova - saukeTeso samsaxiobo ansamblisaTvis, saukeTeso scenarisTvis da prodiuserisTvis, da filmi finalSi gavida, xolo
finalSi (sadac 55 filmi darCa) meore adgili moipova. Semdgomi etapi ki
iqneba gaemgzavreba holivudSi, Cveneba los-anJelesis sareJisoro wreebSi,
Sexvedrebi holivudis industriis warmomadgenlobasTan. niu-iorkis universitetis es festivali sakmaod prestiJuli da sayuradReboa. aq sadiplomo namuSevrebs Zalian seriozulad uyureben. SedarebisTvis avRniSnav,
rom pirvel adgilze gasuli 25 wuTian mxatvruli filmis biujeti 100
000$ gaxldaT, levanis filmis biujeti ki 1500$ Seadgenda. Ffestivali
prestiJulia imdenad, ramdenadac TiTqmis yvela cnobili amerikeli reJisori niu-iorkis universitetis am skolis aRzrdilia.
filmi `vali~, romelic levanma waradgina, qarTvelTa yofas exeba amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi. mTavari personaJebi (niko abazaZe, vaxo kiziria)
kuTvnil Tanxas iTxoven amerikelisgan (mark stouni), romelmac ar gadauxada Sesrulebuli samuSaos gasamrjelo, sistematiurad atyuebs maT da
bolos cudad xdeba manqanaSi. gulSewuxebul amerikels niko jibidan
amouRebs fuls, amis Semxedvare vaxo aRSfoTdeba da ukan Cadebas iTxovs.
niko ewinaaRmdegeba, Cven sakuTar Tanxas viReb, sxvisas xom arao?... bevri rom
ar gavagrZelo, Tanxas isev Caudebs jibeSi, magram saqme xom im fenomens exeba amerikaSi `birJaze” dgoma rom hqvia, mamakacTa im umZimes Sromas, romelic
maTgan ukidures fsiqologiur da fizikur datvirTvas moiTxovs. es aris
drama, romelic samwuxarod Zalian gasagebia yoveli CvenTaganisTvis.
- levan rogor gaCnda am filmis Seqmnis idea?
- universitetSi swavla mavalebs
rom yovelwliurad 10 wuTiani sakurso mxatvruli filmi gadaviRo.
ramodenime idea mqonda razedac SeiZleboda gakeTebuliyo filmi. erTerTi swored birJas exeboda. pirvel
kursze yofnis dros gavakeTe dokumenturi filmi. maSin gamokvlevas
vatarebdi qarTvel emigraciaze da
am TemiT davinteresdi. erT mSvenier
dRes `birJaze~ aRmovCndi SemTxveviT.
vizualurad saintereso adgilia.
zamTarSi, siciveSi dgas es xalxi
quCaSi, gauparsavi saxeebiT… drama
davinaxe, tkivili, romelic aris am
adgilas. daviwye fiqri imaze, Tu rogori istoriis moyola SeiZleboda.
SemdgomSi es yvelaferi movuyevi Cems
maswavlebels, araCveulebrivi pedagogs boris frumins, warmoSobiT russ,
amerikaSi. man momiwona arCevani da
mec daviwye birJaze siaruli, vcdilobdi gamego ra dinamikaa, istori-
8
ebs vgebulobdi ra xdeboda da ase
Semdeg...
-…maxsovs Tqveni gancxadeba
gazeTSi, saintereso istoriebis mqone qarTvelebi dagvikavSirdiTo...
- ara es sxva Temas exeboda, qarTuli emigraciis problemebis kvlevas,magram principSi axlos iyo gancxadeba Cems ideasTan am filmTan dakavSirebiT. veZebdi xalxs, romelic metyoda da damixatavda im siZneleebs,
rac maT gadaxdeniaT Tavs; amerikuli istoriebi rom gavakeTo, ar iqneba aseTi bunebrivi. ar iqneba is drama rac aris Cems qarTul istoriebSi. kinoSi es Zalian mniSvnelovania.
amerikuli ojaxis istoria kargad
ar vici da amitom ar viqnebi marTali da ar gamova kargi. aq Sansi
mainc maqvs da iq mgoni saerTod ar
meqneba. me mjera imisi rom unda
akeTo is, rac ici, rasac grZnob da
risic gjera, rac Senia. rasac akeTeb
ar unda iyos Caketili marto Sens
mamu l i
erToblivi proeqt
i
roeqti
gazeT `mamulsa~ da saqarTveloSi gamomaval popularul
gazeT `asaval-dasavalis~ redaqciebs Soris moxda urTierTTanamSromlobis erToblivi komunikes xelmowera.
am komunikes Sesaxeb dawvrilebiT Cveni gazeTis momaval
nomerSi mogiTxrobT, manamde ki gaecaniT erToblivi proeqtis
farglebSi momzadebul masalas.
unda akeTo is, rac ici, rasac
grZnob da risic gjera...
naWuWSi. iseTi istoria unda Seqmna,
rom yvelasTvis gasagebi iyos. Silers hqonda aseTi ganmarteba xelovnebisa: `nacionaluri ayvanili zogadsakacobriomde,~ CemTvis es yvelaze gasagebia, -esaa xelovnebis universaluri formula.
- personaJebi rogor SearCieT?
- filmi movarge or Cems megobars.
raRaca mogonilia, raRac marTali
da vecade personaJebis xasiaTSi Camesva filmis gmirebis saqcieli.
- rogorc xedavT samsaxiobo
ansambli Sesanisnavi aRmoCnda,
prizic daimsaxureT. filmSi
yvela araprofesionali msaxiobia?
- mxolod ori amerikelia profesionali. amerikaSi qarTveli profesionali msaxiobi mgoni arc aris.
Zalian momwons araprofesionalebTan muSaoba, gaamarTla kidev imaSi,
rom Tavisi midgoma aqvT, kmayofili
davrCi, SesaniSnavad iTamaSes.
- ra siZneleebTan iyo dakavSirebuli gadaRebis procesi?
- siZneleebi bevri iyo. zamTarSi,
siciveSi viRebdiT am films. megobrebs
da im xalxs vinc gadaRebaze modioda Cemi gulisTvis samsaxuri unda
gaecdina. mogexsenebaT es did uxerxulobaSi gagdebs adamians aq, amerikaSi, magram miuxedavad amisa, mainc
Zalian damidgnen gverdSi da yvelaferi gaakeTes imisTvis, rom eTamaSaT
da ganesaxierebinaT is, rac mindoda.
gadaReba mimdinareobda koni ailendze
da daemTxva is civi zamTari, romelic bolo 50 wlis manilze ar yofila amerikis istoriaSi, xom warmogidgeniaT ramdeni sirTule iqneboda?
- rogor fiqrobT ram ganapiroba filmis warmateba, maSin,
roca konkurentebma sakmaod
kargad dafinansebuli filmebi waradgines?
- albaT gansxvavebuli iyo, yvela
erTxmad aRniSnavda, rom dokumentur
films hgavda. davrwmundi imaSic, rom
Turme marto fulze da TanxaSi araa
saqme. mTavaria moaxerxo Seni saTqmelis da tkivilis gadmocema, iyos
idea da gamoxato saTqmeli bolomde.. ase rom, filmis gamarjveba samsaxiobo ansamblis erTobam, dramam,
neo-realizmma, saerTod yvela am faq-
mamuli
tis erTobliobam ganapiroba.
- vin gexmarebodaT finansurad am filmis gadaRebis dros
da saerTod rogor moxvdiT amerikaSi?
- amerikaSi 2002 wels Camovedi.
saqarTvelodan rom ar damxmarebodnen, verafers xdebodi. niu-iorkis universiteti Zalian Zviri skolaa weliwadSi 35 aTasi dolari jdeba.
saqarTvelodan yovel weliwads mexmarebodnen: badri patarkaciSvilis
fondi, levan gaCeCilaZe, daviT gamyreliZe, mamuka xazaraZe, anton ingoroyva... faqtiurad Cemi swavlis saqme maT aiRes sakuTar Tavze, mec vecade Tavi ar Semercxvina da meore
wels universitetma daminiSna stipendia, meore-mesame kursze universitetis xarjze…
- levan, Tqven telekompaniasTvis ` mze~ ramodenime filmi
gaqvT gadaRebuli...
- Cemi aq yofnis mesame wels telekompania ‘mzis~ specialuri korespondenti viyavi amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi, ‘mze~ mixdida xelfass da aqedan vagzavnidi siuJetebs. Semdeg daiwyo saintereso proeqti. eldar mdinaraZe aris prodiuseri, romelmac dokumenturi filmebis aRdgenis mimarTuleba SemoiRo
saqarTveloSi. ‘mzem~ daafinansa mTeli seria gaxmaurebuli dokumentiuri filmebisa, romlebis gadaRebuli iqna lazeTSi, saingiloSi. mec
SevTavaze msgavsi dokumenturi filmis masala da gadaviRe qarTvelTa
mier eklesiis Seqmnis Taobaze. minda
avRniSno erTi faqti, rom miuxedavad
saqarTvelos televiziis ganviTarebisa, yvelaferi mainc ratomRac sainformacio gadacemebisken midis, rac
Cemi azriT araa swori. informacia
xom zedapirulia da marto am mxriv
ganviTareba arafers niSnavs. saqarTvelos televiziaSi yovelTvis iyo
Cavardna seriozuli Janrebis. ar
aris saintereso gadacemebi, telefilmi, romelmac unda damafiqros,
miTxras, gamagebinos. xom ar SeiZleba dRe da Rame fantastika, informacia, uazroba...es aRar arsebobda saqarTveloSi da ‘mzem~ aRadgina. mec
miviRe monacileoba. pirveli filmi
gakeTda ‘saxli,~ romelic, rogorc
ukve mogaxseneT exeba emigraciis da
eklesis Seqmnas amerikaSi da saerTod qarTvel emigrantTa problemas.
meore filmi axlaxans davamTavre,
vaSingtonis Teatrze gaxlavT, romelsac xelmZRvneloben paata da
irina wiquriSvilebi. filmi faqtiurad paatas monologi da maTi istoriaa-Tavis Tavze, Semoqmedebaze, amerikaSi yofnaze, muSaobaze, gaWirvebaze, sixarulze, tkivilze da a.S.
- samomavlo gegmebze ras
gvetyviT?
- Cems Tavs ufro saqarTveloSi
vxedav. aq SezRuduli var TemebSi.
didi-didi erTi- ori istoria gavakeTo. ra emociis gadmocemac msurs,
mxolod saqarTveloSi vxedav, magram kinos mxriv iq saSineli mdgomareobaa. jgufebis, produserebis, finansebis gaerTianeba rom moxdes, Camoyalibdes raRac erToblivi gaerTianeba - SesaniSnavi iqneboda. samomavlod ideaSi maqvs dokumenturi
filmi qarTvel qalebze, romlebic
aq muSaoben momvlelebad. Cemi azriT es gmirobaa, esaa qarTveli qalis saocari istoriaa, saqarTvelos
realuri avtoportretic. ar vici
gamomiva Tu ara, magram ideaSi maqvs,
Cemi azriT es araCveulebrivi filmis masalaa.
levanis cxovrebaSi, raRa Tqma
unda amerikamdec iyo warmatebebi.
damTavrebuli aqvs ruseTis kino instituti. misi sakurso-sadiplomo
filmi ramodenime kinofestivalze
iyo wardgenili da gamarjvebuli.
saqarTveloSi ori moklemetraJiani
filmi aqvs gadaRebuli. `mefe liri~
mTavari prizis mflobeli gaxda poloneTSi sopotis studentur kinofestivalze. amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi ki,Nniu-iorkis universitetis
sakurso namuSevrebidan, romelsac yovel weliwads iRebda, dokumenturma
filmma `mama da Svili~ safrangeTSi
sapatio sigeli daimsaxura. es warmateba ki mniSvnelovani gaxldaT imdenad, ramdenadac studentur diapazons
gascda. dResdReobiT, levani daaxlobiT Svidamde moklemetraJiani mxatvruli filmis avtoria. amas garda
sami satelevizio dokumenturi filmic aqvs gadarebuli.
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13
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gadadgma, romlis ZiriTadi mizani konfliqtis srulmasStabiani da mSvidobiani mowesrigeba iqneba. samxreT oseTis xalxisaTvis aucilebelia ganviTarebis, stabilurobisa da Rirseuli Tanacxovrebis axali etapis dawyeba.
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mravalsaukunovani Tanacxovrebis, erTian kulturul, teritoriul da ekonomikur sivrceSi warmatebuli Tanaarsebobis mdidari istoria;
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swrafva mSvidobis, keTildReobisa da stabiluri ekonomikuri aRmavlobisaken. turizmis, vaWrobis, soflis meurneobisa da
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dacva terorizmis safrTxisa
da ukontrolo krminaluri
dajgufebebis zemoqmedebisagan;
saerTaSoriso samarTlis
mier aRiarebuli normebis aRdgena da dacva. samxreT oseTis samarTlebriv sistemaSi
dabruneba.
II. samSvidobo
SeTanxmebis pirobebi
konfliqtis orive mxare acxadebs upirobo uars Zalis
gamoyenebaze;
saqarTvelos xelisufleba srulad kisrulobs socialur valdebulebebs samxreT
oseTis mosaxleobis winaSe;
amoqmeddeba 1990-1992
wlis konfliqtSi dazaralebuli mosaxleobis mimarT qonebrivi restituciis kanoni,
yvela dazaralebul ojaxs miecema erTjeradi fuladi kompensacia.
saqarTvelos mTavroba mzad
aris erTjeradad gadauxados
samxreT oseTis mosaxleobas
1991 wlis Semdeg dagrovili
sapensio davalianeba da aseve
garantia misces yvela macxovrebels, rom maTi dRevandeli
pensiebi da socialuri SeRavaTebi ZalaSi darCeba minimum
imave raodenobiT.
samSvidobo SeTanxmebis fundamentur pirobas warmoadgens
14
saqarTvelos mTavrobis
iniciativa
samxreT oseTis konfliqtis
mSvidobian daregulirebasTan dakavSirebiT
erTa TviTgamorkvevis, kulturuli TviTmyofadobis, umciresobaTa uflebebis dacvis, saqarTvelos konstituciiT
gaTvaliswinebuli adamianis
uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis da moqalaqeTa Tanasworobis princi pebis ganuxreli dacva.
III. teritoria
samxreT oseTi aRdgeba imave sazRvrebSi, rac iyo dafiqsirebuli konfliqtis dawyebamde da moicavs cxinvalis,
javis, znauris da axalgoris
raionebs.
IV. politikuri
statusi
samxreT oseTi aris avtonomiuri erTeuli saqarTvelos teritoriis farglebSi.
samxreT oseTs xelmZRvanelobs samxreT oseTis meTauri, romelsac irCeven sayovelTao, Tanaswori da pirdapiri arCevnebis safuZvelze,
faruli kenWisyriT, samxreT
oseTis teritoriaze.
samxreT oseTs aqvs parlamenti, romelic airCeva Tavisufali da pirdapiri arCevnebis gziT.
saqarTvelos xelisufleba sTavazobs samxreT oseTis
mosaxleobas farTo adgilobriv TviTmmarTvelobas. samxreT oseTis mosaxleobis mier airCeva raionebis, qalaqebis, soflebisa da soflis sakrebuloebis xelmZRvanelebi
da administracia.
uzrunvelyofilia samxreT
oseTis warmomadgenloba saqarTvelos xelisuflebis
yvela StoSi, rac gulisxmobs
saqarTvelos saministroebSi,
departamentebSi, komitetebsa
da sxva uwyebebSi osi erovnebis moqalaqeTa farTo warmomadgenlobas.
uzrunvelyofilia samxreT
oseTis warmomadgenloba sa-
qarTvelos parlamentSi, rac
gulisxmobs samxreT oseTis
avtonomiidan deputatebis
garkveuli raodenobis warmomadgenlobas.
uzrunvelyofilia samxreT
oseTis warmomadgenelTa monawileoba sasamarTlo da konstituciuri marTlmsajulebis organoebis saqmianobaSi.
V. ena da ganaTleba
samxreT oseTis teritoriaze osur enas aqvs oficialuri enis statusi saxelmwifo enasTan erTad.
garantirebulia ganaTlebis
miReba osur enaze da ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi gadawydeba samxreT
oseTis xelisuflebis mier.
uzrunvelyofilia saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetiT osuri televiziis, radiosa da beWdviTi mediis dafinanseba.
uzrunvelyofilia saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetiT osuri kulturisa da istoriis dacvis RonisZiebebis
dafinanseba.
V. socialuri da ekonomikuri reabilitacia
saqarTvelos xelisufleba uzrunvelyofs samxreT
oseTis ekonomikur reabilitacias da gamoyofs saTanado
Tanxebs saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetidan sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis infrastruqturis sareabilitaciod,
rac gulisxmobs saavtomobilo gzebis, rkinigzis, eleqtro-gadamcemi xazebis, gazsadenis, kavSirgabmulobis (satelefono xazebi, mobiluri
kavSiri), tele-radio mauwyeblobis aRdgenas.
saqarTvelos mTavroba
mxars uWers ekonomikuri
aRorZinebis miznobrivi programebis ganxorcielebas, romelTa mizania mcire da saSualo biznesis ganviTareba da
mamuli
dasaqmebisa da Semosavlis adgilobrivi mdgradi wyaroebis
Seqmna.
Seiqmneba samxreT oseTis
ekonomikuri mxardaWeris fondi. misi dafinanseba ganxorcieldeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetis saxsrebisa da
saerTaSoriso donorebis Semowirulobebis xarjze. fondis marTva da prioritetebis gansazRvra ganxorcieldeba erToblivad centraluri da samxreT oseTis xelisuflebis mier, saerTaSoriso organizaciebis warmomadgenelTa monawileobiT.
saqarTvelos mTavroba mzad
aris ganixilos samxreT oseTis teritoriaze specialu-
ri ekonomikuri zonis Seqmnis sakiTxi.
VI. samarTlebrivi
sakiTxebi
konfliqtis mogvarebis
procesSi gamocxaddeba samwliani gardamavali periodi.
gardamavali periodis mimdinareobis zedamxedvelobas
ganaxorcieleben saerTaSoriso organizaciebi.
gardamaval etapze Seiqmneba saerTaSoriso organizaciebis egidis qveS moqmedi Sereuli qarTul-osuri policia/milicia.
es policia/milicia uzrunvelyofs moqalaqeebis usafrTxoebas da gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebas.
Seiqmneba erToblivi komisia samxedro danaSaulebis gamosaZieblad, romelic miiRebs
gadawyvetilebas damnaSaveebis
bedis Sesaxeb.
saqarTvelos mTavroba uzrunvelyofs saqarTvelo-ruseTis sazRvris samxreT oseTis monakveTze gamartivebuli sasazRvro reJimis dadgenas adgilobrivi mosaxleobisaTvis, rac gulisxmobs samxreT oseTis mosaxleobis
CrdiloeT oseTis mimarTulebiT da piriqiT Tavisufal
gadaadgilebas.
saqarTvelos mTavroba uzrunvelyofs yvela im piris
dabrunebas, romelmac konfliqtis Sedegad miatova saqarTvelo.
yvela im pirisaTvis, romelmac gadawyvita dabruneba, saqarTvelos mTavroba uzrunvelyofs gansaxlebisaTvis saWiro finansur daxmarebas.
ukomentarod
samSoblo
rogorc ufali,
samSobloc erTia qveyanazeda!
mocemuli naSromi warmoadgens mTeli rigi mkvlevarebisa da saxelmwifo moRvaweebis (ivane javaxiSvili,
akaki uruSaZe, levan sanikiZe,
merab kostava, zviad gamsaxurdia, givi alaznispireli, rismarg gordeziani da
sxvebi) naSromebis krebuls.
miznad gvqonda dasaxuli erT statiaSi mogveqcia
saqarTvelos misiasTan dakavSirebiT arsebuli masala.
saqarTvelo... Tanamedrove msoflios es sityva araferze mianiSnebs. SesaZlebelia romelime metnaklebad gaTviTcnobierebulma evropelma, albaT ufro germanelma,
gaixsenos rom arsebobs aseTi qveyana evropisa da aziis gasayarze.
msoflios rukas rom daxedoT,
pirvelad gagiZneldebaT am qveynis migneba, vinaidan mas metad umniSvnelo teritoria uWiravs, sul
70 aTas kvadratul kilometramde.
yovel ganaTlebul xalxs ainteresebs gaigos Tavisi warsuli:
saidan mosula, misi Soreuli winaprebi vin yofilan, rogor ucxovria da aqamde rogor mouRwevia. swored am didi interesis
Sedegia is legendebi da Tqmulebebi, rac ama Tu im xalxis warmomavlobis Sesaxeb saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi SeTxzula. ratomRac
saqarTvelos Sesaxeb fiqrisas, mudam erTi lamazi legenda magondeba. darwmunebuli var TiToeulma qarTvelma icis mis Sesaxeb,
magram mainc minda SegaxsenoT:
ufalma rom qveyniereba Seqmna,
gadawyvita xalxisaTvis gaenawilebina igi. miwis yvela mkvidri
TavisTan Sehyara, gaSlil xelis
gulze edo dedamiwa, rom kacTa
modgmisaTvis gaeyo mTlianad. daariga zRva da xmeleTi, bari Tu
mTa, zogi vis arguna, zogi ki vis.
aravin gamoutovebia, garda qarTvelebisa.
rogorc gvCvevia, aqac davigvianeT! ufalTan rom gamocxadebulan Cveni winaprebi, mTeli qveyniereba ukve ganawilebuli daxvedriaT. saocaria, magram aTaswlovani legenda imasac ki azustebs,
Tu ratom daigvianes qarTvelebma
aseT mniSvnelovan dRes sufras
usxdnen da Tavi ver mianebeso!!!
Sewuxda ufali es sayvareli
xalxi rogor gamomrCao. aiRo
da Tavisi wili miwawyali, sadac
TviTon uzenaess erT dros uxvi
kalTa daubertyavs, ganebivrebul
qarTvelebs aCuqa...
ase miviReT Cven, daudevarma qarTvelebma, sacxovreblad RvTis wili, samoTxis sadari adgili, ux-
mosavliani, noyieri, jansaRi... mTac
lamazi, baric lamazi, cac zurmuxtisferi... am RvTis wil kuTxes qveynad badali ar hyavso araerTxel gviTqvams amayad.
xSirad gaigonebT am legendas
CvenSi. iseTi rixiTa da siamayiT
vityviT xolme, guli getkineba.
albaT ar vufiqrdebiT, ras vyvebiT, da ase vimeorebT axal variaciebiTa da damatebebiT... xSirad paTosiT vumtkicebT Camosul ucxoels Cveni kuTxis gamorCeulobasa da silamazes.
ueWvelia, saqarTvelo lamazia,
qarTvelisaTvis ulamazesi, magram...
gadavavloT Tvali sxva mxaresac. marTlac arsad aris aseTi
lamazi da uxvi adgili dedamiwaze? sabednierod, piriqiT aris,
ramdenic gsurT imdeni adgilia!
yvelagan, qveynierebis TiTqmis yvela kuTxeSi! yvela adgils Tavisi ganumeorebeli silamaze da
momxibvleloba aqvs. yvela mxare
erTmaneTs, rom zustad erTmaneTs
hgavdes, cxovreba saSinlad mosawyeni da erTferovani iqneboda.
sul sxva sakiTxia, rom yvelas
Tavisi samSoblo, Tavisi qveyana
uyvars da eamayeba. es asec unda
iyos.
samSoblo uflis gaCenilia! man
Seqmna yoveli da man Seqmna samSobloc! samSoblo rom ar iyos,
es mTac da es baric, yovelive
Cvens garSemo gulisgamawvrilebel erTferovnebad warmogvidgeboda. swored gadanawilebuli samSobloebi qmnian mravalferovnebis im saswauls, romelsac Cveni
umSvenieresi dedamiwa hqvia. mTebi, mdeloebi, mindvrebi, xeobebi,
kldeebi, ukidegano udabnoebi erTmaneTs hgvanan... magram Cvens mzeras Signidan samSoblos umZafresi SegrZneba axarisxebs. jadoqruli SesaZleblobebiT icvlis fersa da Sinaarss TviT
erTmaneTs ase mimgvanebuli zedapirebi. rodesac Sens samSoblos
Wvret Sen TavisTavad arss Wvret;
rodesac sxvis samSoblos Wvret
sxvis arss.
magram samSoblo ar arsebobs
eris gareSe, vinaidan eria Seni
`kacobrioba ver ganTavisufldeba,
Tu ar ganTavisufldeba saqarTvelo~
edgar milo, Sveicarieli sazogado moRvawe
`arian qveynebi, sadac silamaze upiratesobad ar
iTvleba, radgan iq yvela lamazia. mogzaurebi
amas erTxmad amboben saqarTveloze~
straboni, `geografia~
`mcire azia odesRac TiTqmis mTlianad dasaxlebuli
iyo im xalxebiT, romlebic xeTebTan erTad Seadgendnen
erT monoliTur eTnikur jgufs. im Zvel xalxTa uSualo monaTesaved unda CavTvaloT qarTvelebi~
fric homeli
homeli, orientalisti
lixs iqiT da lixs aqeT
saqarTvelo giyvardeT!
samSoblo! mSobliur miwa aramc
da aramc ar niSnavs mxolod miwasa da geografiul garemos!
upirveles yovlisa is xalxs, Sens
ers gulisxmobs! ers vinc am miwawylis patronia, visac es miwawyali sisxlis fasad daucavs, vinc
am miwawyalze binadrobs, Sromobs,
iRwvis da didi istoriis estafetas gadascems STamomavlobas.
~sxva saqarTvelo sad aris, romeli kuTxe qveynisa?~ am sityvebiT poeti marto miwawyals ki ar
gulisxmobda, aramed upirveles
yovlisa mravaltanjul, mravalWirnaxul, mSromel, patiosan mamac da Tavisuflebis moyvare, avkargian qarTvelebs... levan sanikiZe Tavis wignSi ~savedrebelni
giorgi aTonelisa~ kargad gadmocems qarTveli kacis bunebas:
~
sami ram mSvenierebad da
haerovnebad mosdgams naTesavsa qarTvelsa: wyobilnakvTovaneba anagebisa, mzisferovneba kanisa, keTilsurneleba suliskveTebisa.
sami ram Zlier niSatad mosdgams qarTvelis sxeuls: simkvrive kunTisa, simtkice ZarRvisa, simxurvale sisxlisa.
sami ram Zlier niSatad mosdgams qarTvelis guls: gulisxmiereba, gulwrfeloba, gulmowyaleba
sami ram keTil niSatad mosdgams qarTvelebs sul: didsulovneba, didbunebovneba, didmecnaoba.
sami ram qvel niSatad mosdgams
naTesav qarTvels: simamace, simarTle, silaRe.
sami ram gamorCeul niSatad mosdgams naTesav qarTvels: pativmoyvareoba, saxelismaZiebloba, gancxromismoyvareoba.
sami ram ukidures moyvareobad
mosdgams naTesav qarTvels: ucxoTmoyvareoba, stumarTmoyvareoba,
Zlevismoyvareoba.
sami ram uZlurebis niSatad
mosdgams naTesav qarTvel: uZlureba TeTrkbilovan mtris gamocnobisa, uZlureba Tanmimdevrobisa,
uZlureba saidumlos Senaxvisa.
qarTveli aris Semwynarebeli ucxo Teslisa, Seuwyanarebeli Sinauri Tanasisxlierisa.
mamuli
qarTveli aris Senmdomebeli ucxo Teslisa, daundobeli Sinauri
Tanasisxlierisa.
qarTveli fiqrobs: me rodi viwyebi saqarTvelodan, aramed saqarTvelo iwyeba Cemgan.
qarTveli aris gulmaviwyi friadi, radgan marad aviwydeba is,
rac arasdros ar unda aviwydebodes: saqarTvelo uyvars yovel
ucxo Tesls, magram qarTveli rodi uyvars yovel ucxo momsvlels
saqarTveloSi vinaiTgan maT saqarTvelo uqarTvelod esurvilebaT da TavisTvis esurvilebaT.
magram, samagierod, friad gulmaxsovaric aris qarTveli, vinaiTgan arasodes ar aviwydeba is,
raic arasdros ar unda axsendebodes: wyena Sinauri Tanasisxlieri qarTvelisa da, Tundac iseTi
wyena, yrmobisas uneburad nemsiT
naCxvlets, siWarmageSi gulSi Subis ZgerebiT rom gadauxdi: ai ra
axsovs mudam da ra ar unda axsovdes arasdros qarTvels.
arasdros adamians ar aviwydeba,
rac ar axarebs, rac anaRvlebs,
rac guls ukodavs. da qarTvel
kacsac ar aviwydeba qarTveli kaci, radgan sikeTe da zeamaRleba
ar axarebT erTmaneTisa.
amitomac qarTveli kaci qarTvelisagan aris mudam gankerZoebuli. gandidebis cofiT mosili
qarTveli kaci gankerZoebiT miiswrafvis gandidebisaken.
qarTvels naklebad uyvars sityva
~Cven~, anu ukeTu ityvis ~Cvens~
SigniT ufro mainc gulisxmobs
~me~s...~
magram rodemde viqnebiT aseTebi? rodemde gagrZeldeba qarTvelis qarTvelis winaaRmdeg dapirispireba. mavani SeniSnavs, rom
sxva eris wiaRSic yofila da
xdeba aseTi ram.
ara, qarTvelni saarakod gamorCeulni varT am mxriv. Cveni mezobeli somxebi ki piriqiT, saarakod gamorCeulni erTmaneTis gverdSi dgomiTa da mxardaWeriT.
ramdenime aTasi weliwadia mihyveba qarTveli xalxi Tavis istoriul gzas. es ramdenime aTasi
weliwadi TiTqmis utoldeba kacobriobis civilizaciis asaks.
am xnis ganmavlobaSi momxdari
ambebis, istoriuli movlenebis,
wlebis, saukuneebis, epoqebis jami
warmogvidgens kavkasionTan mdebare qveynis sulier da fizikur
saxes. dRes aravin davobs imaze,
rom kacobrioba Sedis Tavisi ganviTarebis urTules xanaSi, moqmedeben msoflio urTierTobis axali
kanonebi, icvleba cxovrebis wesi,
stili, icvleba erTa Soris damokidebulebis Sinaarsic. yovel
qveyanas Tavisi funqciis da Tavisi, rogorc eris, daniSnulebis
gaazreba esaWiroeba kidev erTxel,
axali drois garemocvaSi. es gaazreba ZalTa Sefasebasac guisxmobs, energiis mosinjvasac, TvisebaTa saguldagulo Semowmebasac, radgan gasarkvevia didi, Zalian didi problema ra saxiT
unda wardges did sakacobrio
mejlisSi esa Tu is am saukeTeso
formis misaRwevad ra mimarTulebiT unda ganviTardes eris
odiTgan gamkrivebuli xasiaTi.
saamisod ki aucilebeli xdeba,
calkeuli ambebis, istoriuli movlenebis, wlebis, saukuneebis, epoqebis jami aris eris fizikuri da
sulieri Tvisebebis Sinaarsad gaviazroT, gaviazroT qveynis istoriuli gza.
am gzaze qarTveli xalxi bunebiT momadlebul Tvisebebs xvewda,
maRldeboda sulierad da umZimes samkvdrosasicocxlo brZolaSi Tu cxorebiseul SejibrebaSi Rirseulad avlenda Tavis
arss.
xalxis zneobrivi dakninebis
safrTxe mudam arsebobda da iarsebebs. qarTvel xalxs zneobrivi
dakninebis droebic axsovs, rodesac gadagvarebisaken midrekili
buneba sagangaSo signalebs gamoscemda. es xdeboda dampyroblis
veraguli politikis dawoliT
iZulebiT, magram faqtia, rom xdeboda da qveynis saxe Zireul cvlilebebs ganicdida. cvlileba iseT
sazRvrebs aRwevda, rom xalxi Tavsac ver cnobda zogjer.
istoriis gza yovelTvis rTu-
15
lixs iqiT da lixs aqeT
li gzaa, misi dRe ar emTxveva
martiv traeqtorias mzis amosvlasa da Casvlas. aTasobiT ucxo
sxeuli iWreba qveynis organizmSi
da cvlilebebi yovelTvis mosalodnelia. aseT dros SesaZlebelia
saerTod modundes erovnuli sifxizle. SesaZlebelia, saukuneebis
romeliRac monakveTSi mTlianad
amovardes Tavisi bunebrivi kalapotidan da Tavisi saxe dakargos,
rac cxadia fizikuri ganadgurebaze uaresia. fizikuri ganadgureba did istoriul ubedurebad
gvevlineba, magram samagierod eri
arsebobas wyvets Tavisi WeSmariti saxis daukargavad. gadagvarebuli eri ki fizikur arsebobas
ganagrZobs daniSnulebis gareSe.
aravis sWirdeba aseTi eri, radgan
masSi aRaraferia saintereso, angariSgasawevi. igi droisa da adgils acdens cis qveS, emsgavseba
saeqsploatacio miwas, sadac mxolod sxvebi imkian mosavals.
saocari eri varT qarTvelebi!
erTerTi uZvelesi eri varT, SevqmeniT didebuli kultura, magram mainc jerovnad ver vafasebT
amas. ukanasknel periodSi ki sul
daveciT, davknindiT, davpataravdiT.
erT dros amayi da qedmouxreli
qarTveli dakninda, sisxli gauwyalda. eri gadaSenebis piras miviyvaneT. dRes didi xnis ZilquSidan TavdaRweuliviT iSmuSneba
da Tvalebs ifSvnets qarTveli
kaci. ra moxda ? sada var? rogor aRmovCndi iq sadac axla
var? es fiqrebi ebadeba mas, magram
pasuxs ver poulobs. kiTxvebi ki
TandaTan itoteba, mravldeba. da
rac ufro metad aRwevs Tavs Zilburans, miT ufro cxadad ikveTeba yvela es kiTxva. mtanjvelma
eWvma Seipyro dRevandeli qarTveli kaci. aTasi movlenisa da
faqtis Semyures, romlebic qarTvelobis srul gadagvarebas amxelen, qarTveli kaci mware kiTxvam daaretiana nuTu aseTi iyo
odiTganve? Secdoma xom ar iyo
qarTvelobiT amayobda da Tavi mohqonda?
mtanjvel eWvs ki sakmao safuZveli aqvs. erovnuli xasiaTi mudmiv moZraobaSia. erovnuli xasiaTi eris ganuyofeli nawilia da
mis gaCenisTanave moZraobda saimisod, rom Camoyalibebuliyo qarTveli kacis raobad, mieRo sakuTari forma da Sinaarsi. ase gvevlineba igi maradiul moZraobad,
romelic arasodes SeCerebula.
misi Tvisebebi iyo myari im dRidanve, ra dResac qarTvelobam Tavisi saxe, Tavisi Sinaarsi da forma
miiRo, magram ar yofila gaqvavebuli, uZravi, radgan Tvisebebis
simtkice ar niSnavs maT ucvlelobas, uZraobas.
ase moZraobda da moZraobs qarTuli erovnuli xasiaTi, vlindeboda droisa da adgilis, situaciisa da viTarebis Sesatyvisad,
romlebic am erovnul xasiaTs
konkretul drosa, formasa da SinaarsSi aqceven. an daamcireben an
ganadideben mas, an gadagvareben an
gamoabrwyineben... swored situaciis, Sinagani da garegani mdgomareobis mixedviT eqceva erovnu-
16
li xasiaTi xSirad wnexis qveS
da gasresis safrTxe emuqreba. amitom vlindeba igi aTasgvarad da
aqedan gamomdinare ar unda velodebodeT mtkice Tvisebebis moimedeni mis ucvlelobas da maradiulad gaqvavebul pozaSi dgomas.
unda velodebodeT xasiaTis moZraobas da vswavlobdeT qarTvelebma rodis, sad, ris gamo vlindeboda da vlindeba erovnuli
xasiaTi rig SemTxvevebSi saamayod,
xolo rigSi samarcxvinod. samisod saWiroa
vicodeT Tavdapirvelad arsi
qarTuli xasiaTisa, misi myari
Tvisebebi, swored
is Tvisebebi, romlebic mravali
saukunis ganmavlobaSi gamkvrivda qarTvel kacSi da romlebic
eris raobas sabolood kravs.
rani varT qarTvelebi? rani viyaviT guSin? rani viqnebiT xval?
ai kiTxvebi, romlebic mudam
awuxebda qarTveli kacis gonebas. igi iyo daviTisa da Tamaris Semawuxebeli kiTxva, igi aSfoTebda daviT
guramiSvilsa da
vaxuStis, awamebda akakis, iliasa
da vaJas...
samwuxarod, msoflio ar aris
raindi, da arc odesme yofila
aseTi. mas ar ZaluZs raindiviT
javSani Caicvas Tundac dafleTili, muzaradi daixuros Tundac gatexili da wverdaJanguli
SubiT xelSi gaiWras samarTlianobis aRsadgenad. ukve ramdeni
aTasi welia arsebobs kacobrioba,
magram igi jerac ar amaRlebula
donkixotis suliskveTebamde...
msoflio mkacri realistia, angariSiani, TavkerZa da egoisti. mxolod xandaxan Tu gaielvebs donkixotis amaRlebuli idealebi, romelsac kacobrioba vera da ver
daeufla.
rodesac qarTveli eris bedze
fiqrob, Sens winaSe warmoudgeneli arsisa da masStabis suraTi
warmogidgeba, romelic urTierT
dapirispirebebiT aris aRsavse. ggonia, aha, aRzevda eri, arwiviT moedo xsovnis kabadons, moixila mizezSedegTa asxma warsulidan awmyomde, awmyosac gascda da gaanaTa gaurkvevlobiT moculi Tvalsawieri momavlisa. magram, sinamdvileSi ers matliviT ucocia
iq, sadac myobads exeba.
samwuxarod warsulis analogiebi momavals aRar gamoadgeba.
samwuxarod, fantazia da ocneba
sinamdvileSi agveria da ver mivmxvdarvarT, rom bedi erisa kidev
ufro didi bneliTaa moculi, vid-
re calkeuli adamianis bedi. Cveni xedvis areSi, da isic nawilobriv,
martooden gardasuli Jami da
awmyoa moqceuli, moulodnelobebiT aRsavse momavali ki ise
gviaxlovdeba, rom arc ki vuwyiT,
Tu ra moaqvs, ra aris dafaruli
mis wiaRSi; adamianma ar icis, Tu
vin umzadebs sikeTes an danas lesavs misTvis. aseve movlenaTa farulma procesma SesaZloa moulodnelad Cinebuli tarosi da-
uyenos eris cxovrebisa da kulturis savargulebs, an piriqiT,
dasaTavTuxebel jejils setyva
da maxvili mouvlinos.
radgan saqme konkretulad saqarTvelosa da qarTvel erTan gvaqvs, isic unda aRvniSnoT, rom SemTxveviT ar uTqvamT qarTvelebze
~mebrZolni Savi bedisao~. es ase
iyo, ase aris da ase iqneba, sanam
bedisweras CvenTvis Znelad gasaZlisi gamocdebis Catareba ar mobezrdeba. RmerTma sikeTe nu mogvaklos, magram Tu momavalSi Tavs
gardasaxdeni faTeraki garduvalia, Tuki miuxedavad Cveni mondomebisa da Tavdadebisa ~bindisferi sofeli ufro da ufro
binddeba~, nurc momxdariyo is, rac
aqamde momxdara. dae gansacdelTan mebrZolebad davrCeT marad
da Cveni keTildReoba xmliT xelSi vWedavdeT. uaresisaTvis mzadyofna xom ukeTesis sawindaria.
ar unda dagvaviwydes isic, rom
ufals vinc uyvars, gansacdelsac
mas umzadebs, vinaidan gansacdelTa embazSi ganbanilTa Wvretaa
misi gancvifrebisa da aRfrTovanebis uSreti wyaro.
warsuli da awmyo Cveni erisa
metad Tu naklebad cnobilia, aTasgzis da aTasgvarad gaanalizebuli da saqarTvelos da qarTveli
eris misia mTeli rigi mecnierTa
mamuli
Tu sazogado moRvaweebis mier
Seswavlili da damuSavebuli iqna. eris misia ki ganisazRvreba
sxvebisagan gamosarCevi im TaviseburebiT, im gansakuTrebulobiT, mis
xasiaTSi, mis saqmianobaSi, misgan
momdinare ideebSi romaa mocemuli da romelic mas miaqvs msoflio kulturis samsxverploze,
rogorc SeTavazebuli, zogjer ki
saubedurod, rogorc Tavs moxveuli ZRveni.
diax, ase Tu
ise ZalgviZs gansazRvra imisa,
riTac warsulma gvimaspinZla,
Tu rani viyaviT
uwin da rani
varT amJamad. magram warsulze
fiqri momavlisaTvis mzadyofnasac xom niSnavs? Cven gvawvalebs ara imdenad warsuli, ramdenadac gardasaxdeni anu momavali? rogori
viqnebiT mermisSi? kvlavac imgvari SemarTebiT
SevegebebiT beds,
Tuki mruSe feriT Seimoseba
igi? kvlav Tavis
SenarCunebaze
gveqneba safiqrali Tu imdenad
avmaRldebiT da
iseT Zalas movikrebT, rom sxvaTa
imedad da xelis
mommarTveladac
ki gadaviqceviT?
kmara welebze
fexis dadgomiT Tavis SenarCunebaze fiqri. droa did erad qcevaze ocnebis Jamma darekos. dae,
arwivis gafrenas edaros ocneba
igi, raTa ocneba miznad iqces, mizani ki saqmed!!!
Cven xSirad gviwodeben ~mcire
ers~, rasTan dakavSirebiT albaT
saWiroa oriode sityva vTqvaT
~didi eris~ Cemeul gagebaze.
~didi~s qveS Cveulebriv gulisxmoben rogorc raodenobiT,
farTobiT Tu sxva zomebiT gansxvavebul, iseve misabaZs, samagaliTos raime movlenasa da garemoebas. magram amasTan unda gvaxsovdes, rom ~didi~ ar aris samudamo privilegia da SeiZleba erT
momentSi dakargul an SeZenil
iqnas. rodesac amboben ~didi eri~
Cveulebriv gulisxmoben im upiratesobas, ama Tu im erovnebasa
Tu xalxs Tavisi mondomebiT, qceviTa Tu saqmianobiT xasiaTad da
maRal unarebad rom gadauqcevia.
es Tvisebebi misabaZi xdeba sxvebisaTvis. magram is xalxebi, dRes
rom misgan swavloben da bevriT
arian davalebulni, xval SesaZloa gauTanaswordnen mas, risi
magaliTebiTac aRsavsea istoria.
‘samwuxarod Cven ara varT raodenobiT an teritoriiT gamorCeuli eri
didi eri. magram
sulieri simtkiciT, istoriiTa
da kulturiT Cven ueWvelad erTerTi udidesi eri varT. sisastikiTa da xangrZlivobiT, romeli qveyana Tu eri Seedreba im
mkacr gamocdebs, Cvens Sesamusrad
alesilma usasrulo wyviadman
mtrisaman rom mogviwyo da saukuneebis manZilze rom mogwyvita
erTmorwmune evropasa da civilizaciis ganviTarebis kerebs.
da Tu ki SeiZleba sarwmunoebis, meobis, kulturis, saxelmwifoebriobisa da arsebobisaTvis
brZolisaTvis romelime ers ewodos ~didi~, es upirveles yovlisa qarTvelebs exeba.
magram qarTvelebi did erad
aravis SevuracxivarT, radgan did
erad miaCniaT ara is, vinc sakuTar Rirsebasa da meobas icavs
mxolod, ragind vaJkacuradac ar
unda ibrZodes igi, aramed is, vinc
Tavisi kulturiTa da ideebiT
xangrZlivad da intensiurad zemoqmedebs sxva xalxebze da ganapirobebs maT ganviTarebas. magram
is garemoeba, rom Cven ver moxvdiT msoflios did erTa mcirericxovan nusxaSi, es rodi niSnavs imas rom ar ZalgviZs amgvari
ram.
sakuTari meobisa da Rirsebis
dacvisaTvis brZolaSi samagaliTo qarTvel ers sxvebze naklebad
rodi xelewifeboda meTaur erad
gadaqceva, magram gangebam da istoriam Cven sul sxva misia dagvakisra. Cveni meobis, rwmenisa da
saxelmwifoebriobis SenarCunebiT
ramdenadme unda gagveTiSa musulmanuri garemocva, CagvekeTa kavkasionis karibWe da aRgvekeTa antikulturuli impulsebis SemoWra samxreTidan da aRmosavleTidan evropaSi. es gaxldaT saqarTvelos da qarTvelebis faruli misia, Znelad aRsasrulebeli da sakuTari keTildReobisaTvis arasaxarbielo, magram msoflio kulturis ganviTarebisaTvis aucilebeli. mxolod imisaTvis rom qarTvelebma SeZles
am misiis Sesruleba, maT SeiZleba
ewodos ~didi eri~ da es albaT
asecaa uflis TvalSi. magram
msoflios winaSe saqarTvelo arafers warmoadgens. man ver dainaxa,
Tu qarTvelTa saqmeTa gamo risi
gakeTeba ver SesZles regresulma
Zalebma. msofliom mxolod is
dainaxa, vinc ufro ganavrco Tavisi ideebi da kultura sxva
xalxebSi da amiT zogadsakacobrio mniSvneloba mianiWa maT.
samwuxarod, Cans ufro xiluli da ara faruli sikeTe. kulturulistoriuli misiis TvalsazrisiT saqarTvelo ufro dafaruli sikeTis qveyanaa, romlis
daniSnuleba TviT mis mraval saukeTeso Svilsac ar hqonia bolomde gacnobierebuli. cnobilia
evropul filosofiaSi arsebuli azri kavkasiis uZvelesi misiis Sesaxeb saxeldobr is, rom
kavkasia evropel xalxTa da maTi
kulturis akvania. cnobilia saxelganTqmuli filosofosis imanuel kantis azri axlo aRmosavleTis mosaxleobis gakeTilSobilebis saqmeSi qarTvelTa da CerqezTa (qristian CerqezTa) didi
saqarTvelo giyvardeT!
rolis Taobaze.
magram im ambavs, rom odiTganve
saqarTvelo idga uZveles samxreTel da uaxles Crdiloel xalxebs Soris da Tavisi meobis SenarCunebisaTvis brZoliT ar aZlevda maT aRrevis saSualebas, raTa
ar darRveuliyo erebis kulturaTa monacvleobisa da Tanamimdevrobis uryevi msoflio kanoni,
uwyodnen mxolod isini, visac droisa da eris sulTa farul, urTierTSeTanxmebul qmedebaTa wvdoma
SeeZlo. kulturaTa monacvleobis es wriuli dinebis jer samxreTidan moerkala saqarTvelos,
antikur periodSi dasavleTidan
moeqca mas, Semdeg Sua evropaSi
gadainacvla da rodesac globalur masStabebamde aRzevebuli evropuli kulturis Sesisxorcebas Seudga ruseTi, CrdiloeTidan wamoadga Tavs. ase rom saqarTvelo kulturaTa Tanamimdevrobisa da cnobierebis evoluciis
am wriuli dinebis centrSi imyofeboda.
saqarTvelo mudam centrSi, uCinari globaluri saaTis isris
uZrav fuZesTan imyofeboda, JamTa
msvlelobaSi xalxebis kulturaTa urTierTmonacvleobis wriulma xazma rom Semouara gars.
TiTqos maradisobas naziarebi, uZraobis simaRlidan Wvretda igi
jer uZveles, Semdeg antikur, Sua
saukuneebis da sxva kulturebs,
vinaidan yvela mniSvnelovan kulturebTan hqonda Sexeba da gulSi imarxavda maTgan momdinare impulsebs.
nebismier ers gaaCnia Tavisi sakuTari misia da Semoqmedebis Tavisi dro, romelic ganfenilia
JamTa dinebaSi. kacobriobas ganviTarebis Tavisi kanonebi aqvs: rodesac erTi eri qmnida kulturas da SemoqmedebiTi energiis xarjvis procesSi imyofeboda, meore
icdida, garkveul dromde cnobierebis bavSvur dones inarCunebda
da SemoqmedebiT energias inaxavda SemdgomisaTvis, raTa marcvali wina kulturaTa monapovrisa
mieRo Tavis sufTa, xeluxlebel
wiaRSi, ufro aRmatebul doneTa
dasaufleblad. uxsovari droidan indoeTis, sparseTis, SuamdinareTis, egviptis, arabeTisa da israelis samxreTelma mosaxleobam erTmaneTis mimdevrobiT Seqmnes msoflios udidesi religiebi da kulturebi, romelTac igavursimboluri, suraTxatovani azrovneba miusadages.
msoflios wamyvan kulturaTa
Tanamimdivrobis Jams, zRaprebis saufloSi mikarguli da mxolod
kievisa da novgorodis samTavroTa Seqmnidan ruseTad saxeldebuli, skviTeTi icdida. berZnuli
marTlmadideblobis miRebam Tumca ramdenadme gamoacoxcla, magram bolomde mainc ver gamoiyvana
igi ZilquSidan, ver moabruna dRis
cnobierebisaken. misTvis ganwesebul dros eloda igi, eloda vidre
msoflio kultura globalur
masStabebs miaRwevda, raTa erovnuli safSvinvelis gaukvalav yamirze mieRo impulsebi globaluri axalevropuli kulturi-
sa. manamde ki igi daculi unda
yofiliyo qristianamdeli religiebisa da kulturebis zegavlenisagan.
xalxi, romelic kulturaTa
Tanmimdevrobis procesSi yvelaze
mets icdis da inaxavs SemoqmedebiT energias, ufro masStaburi
kulturis impulsTa misaRebad
amzadebs Tavs da cxadia, winare,
ukve konservirebuli kulturebis mqone xalxebTan SedarebiT,
momdevno etapze
man sulieri ganviTarebis kidev
ufro maRal dones unda miaRwios.
odesRac mezoblebis mimarT
araagresuli,
magram agresorTa winaaRmdeg
medgrad mebrZoli saqarTvelo
gamoricxavda
skviTeTSi samxreTeli xalxis SeWras da
slavur kulturaze da yofaze
maTi uZvelesi
kulturebis zegavlenas, rac
xels SeuSlida
ruseTs Tavisi
kuTvnili da saboloo misiis
ganxorcielebaSi.
SemdgomSi qarTvelebi da somxebi idgnen kavkasionis karibWis darajebad
rogorc samxreTaRmosavleTisaken waweuli forpostebi qristianobisa da akavebdnen islamur
urdoebs. swored maT farze blagvdeboda sibasre islamis maxvilisa, swored isini aclidnen maT
kavkasionis imier moqmedebis unars.
miuxedavad imisa, rom meaTe saukunis Semdeg somxeTi, rogorc samefo, aRar arsebobda, mis sasaxelod unda iTqvas, rom saukuneebis manZilze autaneli religiuri devnis miuxedavad, somxebma mainc SeZles qristianobisa da Tavisi meobis SenarCuneba. sainteresoa, zemoxsenebul islamur urdoebs iseve xangrZlivad rom eTareSaT ruseTSi, rogorc kavkasiaSi daTareSobdnen, SeZlebda ki igi
qristianobis SenarCunebas? gauZlebda ki igi imgvar religiur
devnas, qarTvelebma rom iwvnies,
miT umetes rom ruseTSi qristianoba arcTu didi xnis winaT
gaxldaT fexmokidebuli? xom SeZles samxreTelma dampyroblebma
CrdiloeT kavkasiis gamusulmaneba? xom SesaZlebelia, amgvari xvedri ruseTsac ar ascdenoda, radgan es urdoebi ara martooden
dampyroblur, aramed gaafTrebul
religiur omebsac eweodnen da
TavianT religias fanatikuri
gulmodginebiT axvevdnen Tavs aramusulman xalxs. qristianobis dakargviT ki wertili daesmeboda
ruseTis kulturis Semdgom evoluacias.
mogvianebiT, TurqeTis imperias,
evropas rom azanzarebda da misi
Suagulis, venis aRebas rom lamobda, ruseTisaken gzas kavkasioni
da misi maradi mcveli saqarTvelo uRobavda. bizantiis imperiis
msgavsad Turqebs rom saqarTvelos samefo Tavis mxareze gadmoeyvanaT, vinRa SeuSlida xels Turqebs amierkavkasiis xalxebTan er-
Tad TavianTi imperiisaTvis SemoemtkicebinaT CrdiloeT kavkasiis
musulmani erebi da uSualod dakavSirebodnen yirimis saxanos. maSin
xom mTelis ZalebiT da farTo
frontiT miadgebodnen Turqebi ruseTs, petre I-lamdel ruseTis samefos, romelsac jer kidev ar
hyavda evropul yaidaze gawvrTnili jari da yirimis saxanosac ki
Zlivs umklavdeboda.
petre I-is mier Catarebul reformebTan erTad dasrulda saqarTvelos faruli misia ruseTis mimarT, garegnulad TiTqmis
mTeli misi istoriis manZilze
umZimes pirobebSi sakuTari Rirsebis, meobis, sarwmunoebis da saxelmwifoebriobis SenarCunebisaTvis rom gamoixateboda. am misias,
rogorc adre aRvniSneT, didi mniSvneloba hqonda msoflio kulturis Semdgomi evoluciisaTvis.
amis Semdeg qarTveli xalxis momavali mTlianad aris da iqneba
damokidebuli imaze, Tu rogor
SeZlebs igi Tavisi axali, ara
faruli, aramed ukve TvalsaCino
misiis ganxorcielebas, raTa msoflios xalxTa TvalSic iqces misabaZ erad. didi qarTveli mwerali konstantine gamsaxurdia Tavis erTerT werilSi aRniSnavda:
qarTveli xalxi ufro aRmqmeli,
msoflios kulturis ufro ma-
mamuli
Ral doneze amTvisebeliao, vidre
sxva xalxTa kulturebze aqtiurad zemoqmedio.
marTlac, odiTganve qarTvelobam maRal doneze aiTvisa da urTierTTan Seajera dasavleTisa da
aRmosavleTis kulturebi. sxvadasxva kulturebis urTierTTan
Sejerebis madli ZvelTaganve mosdgamda mas da amitomac renesansis erTerTi pionerebi qarTvelebi iyvnen. renesansis kulturis
Tavuri idea warmarTuli kulturis ganaxleba da aRorZineba qristianobasTan misi morigebiT. arsad ise
ar Sezrdia qristianobas adgilobrivi warmarToba, rogorc
saqarTveloSi.
qarTvel kacs ar
miuRia qristianoba Tavisi kosmiuri da kacobriuli warmodgenebisagan mowyvetiT. Tavad
xalxma imgvarad
Seajera qarTuli warmarTuli
miTologia qristianobasTan, rom
msgavsi magaliTi arc erTi
eris kulturaSi ar gvxvdeba.
sad naxavT iseT
SemTxvevas, rom
erTsa da imave
miTSi SevxvdebiT
qristes, amirans
qarTul promeTes da nadirobis warmarTul RvTaebas dalis.
warmarTuli xatobebi, warmarTi
gmirebi kopala, iaxsari, giorgi
mWidrod daukavSirdnen qristianobas da qarTveli kacisaTvis misi
mrwamsis ganuyofel nawilad iqcnen.
amitomac gasakviri ar aris saqarTvelos roli renesansis kulturis, gansakuTrebiT ki adreuli renesansis ganviTarebaSi. renesansis Tavuri idea, xom qristianobisa da warmarTuli kulturis sinTezi gaxlavT. gasakviri
ar aris qristianuli Teologiis erTerTi fuZemdeblis fsevdo
dionisesa da didi qarTveli moRvawis petre iberis igiveoba, rac
amJamad msoflios mravalma gamoCenilma mecnierma aRiara. SemTxveviTi ar aris saqarTvelos roli
budizmis qristianobasTan Serwymis
saqmeSic, ~sibrZne bahlavarisa~sa
dasavleTSi gavrcelebasTan dakavSirebiT; gasakviri ar aris agreTve aRmosavluri sibrZniT gamsWvaluli igavTa wignis ~qalila da damana~- s Targmanis qristianizeba sulxan-saba orbelianis
mier. ar aris SemTxveviTi arc
Cveni didi mefis daviT aRmaSeneblis musulmanur salocavebSi siaruli da farTo interesi msoflios xalxTa kulturebisadmi,
arc laSa-giorgis kavSiri rain-
debis did mimdinareobasTan.
magram gansakuTrebul saocrebas am TvalsazrisiT mainc ~vefxistyaosani~ warmoadgens. maSin
rodesac qristianobis burj qveyanaSi, bizantiaSi, imperatorma
aleqsi komnenma mxari dauWira
orTodoqsalurad ganwyobil samRvdeloebas da kategoriulad aukrZala or berZen swavluls, miqael pseloss da ioane italos,
aRemaRlebinaT bizantielTa azrovnebis done qristianobis platonizmTan da aristotelizmTan
sintezis gziT, mezobel patara
saqarTveloSi rusTavelma qarTveli xalxisaTvis gansacvifrebeli sinTezi ganaxorciela, amasTan ufro gasageb poeturi formis gziT. ~vefxistyaosani~ warmoadgens qarTuli poeturi geniis prizmaSi gardatexili gasaocari sinTezi Rrmadnacionaluri,
antikuri (platoni, aristotele,
neoplatonizmi), adreqristianuli
da qristianulTeologiuri (areopagetika), qristianulmarTlmadidebluri, evropis rainduli, Zvelhinduri (paraleli ~ramaiana~s
siuJetTan), Zvelsparsuli (~avesta~), maniqevluri da SedarebiT
gvianaRmosavluri kulturebis.
miuxedavad erTob gamorCeuli
kulturulistoriuli misiisa,
isic unda aRiniSnos, rom saqarTvelos arc msoflio mniSvnelobis religia miucia kacobriobisaTvis, arc TeosofiurTeologiuri da filosofiuri sistemebi
Seuqmnia indoeTis, saberZneTis, CineTis, italiisa da germaniis msgavsad, arc msoflio mniSvnelobis
iurisprudencia romis imperiis
msgavsad, arc literaturisa da
xelovnebis umTavresi Janrebi da
formebi, arc Tanamedrove mecnieruli sistemebi. marTlmadidebluri liturgia, miuxedavad imisa, rom misi erTerTi Semqmneli,
basili didi warmoSobiT qarTveluri tomidan, kapodokieli iyo,
mainc bizantiam misca saqarTvelos da mTel rig qveynebs, rameTu
iaone oqropirma da basili didma
bizantiis kulturis wiaRSi, berZnul enaze aRmoacenes igi. qristianuli Teologiis burji, fsevdodionises qarTvelobis gamo, ar
vici, gvaqvs Tu ara ufleba misi
Txzulebebi qarTuli Teologiis nimuSebad miviCnioT, miT umetes, rom pavle mociqulisa da
dionise areopagelis mier aTenSi
daarsebuli ezoTeruli skolis
tradiciebze arian aRmocenebulni. uTuod didi moazrovneni, antikuri filosofiis Rrma mcodneni da qristianuli Teologiis
Rirseuli moRvaweebi iyvnen efrem mcire da ioane petriwi, magram maT mxolod qarTuli filosofiuri skolisa da adreuli renesansis brwyinvale warmomadgenlebi arian da ara msoflio mniSvnelobis Teologiursqolastikuri da filosofiuri
sistemebis Semqmnelebi.
magram amasTan mTel rig mniSvnelovan dargSi Cven vyofilvarT
pionerebi, magram aqve erT paradoqsul garemoebasTan gvaqvs saqme. iseTi mniSvnelovani dargi, ro-
17
>>> me-17 gverdidan
goric medicinaa uxsovar droSi
saqarTvelom SesZina msoflios,
TviTon misi saxeli ~medicina~c
xom kolxeTis mefis asulis medeas saxelTanaa dakavSirebuli.
magram Tanamedrove medicinis mecnierul miRwevebs evropam gvaziara; metalurgiac xom xalibTa
qarTulma tomma SesZina msoflios, magram Tanamedrove metalurgiis miRwevebi kvlav evropidan
Semovida CvenSi; mravalxmiani musikis uZveles kerebad xom saqarTvelo da irlandiaa aRiarebuli (uZveles periodSi monaTesave
erebi, romelTa Sesaxeb gazeTis
Semdeg nomrebSi gveqneba saubari),
magram Tanamedrove musikis msoflioSi aRiarebuli Janrebi da
formebi ki isev evropam SegvZina.
samwuxarod, raSic pionerebi, maswavleblebi viyaviT, Segirdebi gavxdiT; rasac manamde sxvas vaswavlebdiT, axla Cven TviTon vswavlobT, amasTan jerjerobiT imdenad ver ganviTardiT, rom kvlav
maswavlebelebad vqceuliyaviT.
ras niSnavs es ambavi? nuTu marTlac ara qmediTi, aramed mxolod WvretiTi elementia Zireuli maxasiaTebeli qarTuli kulturisa, sxvaTa kulturebis safuZvliani aTvisebisa da sinTezis iqiT, rom ar midis? xom TvalnaTliv vxedavT, rom Cvensave wiaRSi aRmocenebuli ideebiT, sistemebiTa da formebiT imdenad ver
vimoqmedebT sxva erebze Tu xalxebze, rom ~did erTa~ Soris SeveracxeT? magram es mizezi qarTuli kulturis amgvar maxasiaTeblad mainc ver gamodgeba. saqarTvelos mudam SeeZlo kulturaTa aTvisebis da sinTezis etapidan sxvebze zemoqmed sawyisamde
aRzeveba, rasac misi istoriis xanmokle mSvidobian periodTa miRwevebi RaRadeben. ufro mniSvnelovani miRwevebisaTvis ki saWiro ufro xangrZlivi mSvidobiani cxovreba, romelic sruliad
warmoudgeneli da SeuZlebeli
iyo imJamindel garemocvaSi.
saqarTvelo... ukve meramdene aTaswleuli moedineba es fenomeni
(TiToeuli qveyana xom Taviseburi fenomenia) kacobriobis ekliTa da nariT mofenil gzatkecilze. xSirad Cven, qarTvelebi
viZaxiT, rom istoriiT, warsuliT
vcxovrobT, warsulis analogiebs
vavlebT da xekldakrefilebi warsul dReTa didebaze vocnebobT.
samwuxarod, es mware realobaa.
magram es xom ar niSnavs imasac,
rom zurgi SevaqcioT Cvens istorias, warsuls, miT umetes iseTs,
rogoric Cven gagvaCnia. Cveni istoria, xom kacobriobis istoriis tolia.
cnobili germaneli mecnieri
vilhelm humboldti baskuri enis
sferoSi da pireneis naxevarkunZulis uZvelesi mosaxleobis vinaobis kvlevis sferoSi Catarebulma gamokvlevebma, miiyvana im
daskvnamde, rom samxreT evropis:
pirineebis, italiis, xmelTaSua
zRvis kunZulebis pirveladi avtoxtonuri mosaxleoba iyo iberiuli anu rogorc mas axla
pirobiTad uwodeben e.w. protoiberiuli. am modgmis xalxTa gansazRvrisaTvis, mecnierebaSi agreTve
miRebulia termini xmelTaSua
zRvis rasa, mediteranuli rassa
18
lixs iqiT da lixs aqeT
saqarTvelo giyvardeT!
anu mediteranuli modgma. zogjer mediteranuli rasis aRsaniSnavad ixmareba termini paleokavkasiuri rasa anu uZvelesi kavkasiuri modgma.
saubaria im mosaxleobaze, romelic saxlobda pireneebis naxevarkunZulidan mTels xmelTaSua
zRvis auzSi, apeninebze, balkanebze,
Tanamedrove saberZneTis, kavkasiis
da CrdiloeT indoeTis teritoriebze, agreTve mcire aziaSi da
palestinaSi.
swored es aris protoiberiuli rasis gavrcelebis areali, romelsac vilhelm humboldtis gamokvlevebis mixedviT hqonda mravali ganStoeba. ena am modgmisa
iyo erTi ZiriTadi, romelsac mravali dialeqturi ganStoeba hqonda da Tu es ganStoebebi droTa
ganmavlobaSi Rebulobdnen calke
enebis xasiaTs, isini mainc enaTesavebodnen erTmaneTs da viTardebodnen rogorc urTierTmonaTesave enebi. amitom aseTi monaTesave enebis aRsaniSnavad damkvidrda
termini protoiberiuli ena, romelTanac dakavSirebulia xmelTaSua zRvis mTeli auzis uZvelesi mosaxleobis enebi baskuri,
luzitanuri, trudetanuli, etruskuli, pelazguri da sxva, romelTac didi mecnierebis niko
maris da mixeil wereTlis dauRalavi Sromis Sedegad daemata
mcire aziis, mesopotamiis uZvelesi mosaxleobis Sumerebis da
maTi enis gamokvleva da qarTulisa da Sumeruli enebis genetikuri naTesaobis hipoTeza.
niko maris gamokvlevebis mixedviT mcire aziis mosaxleobis
didi nawili swored protoiberiul modgmas miekuTvneboda da
mesxebi (mosxebi), kapadokielebi,
kolxebi, xalibebi, mosinikebi, taoxebi da sxvebi warmoadgenen am
modgmis erTerT Semadgenel nawils. ase rom, yoveli es tomi
pelazguri, etruskuli, kretuli,
kapadokiuli, mesxuri da sxva aris
ganStoeba erTi da imave didi
modgmisa, romelsac protoiberiuli modgma ewodeba, xolo saqarTvelo, da sakuTriv qarTvelebi,
warmoadgenen kavkasiaSi lokalizebuli am modgmis STamomavalT.
protoiberiuls gaaCnda uamravi
ganStoeba, magram dResdReobiT SemorCenilia mxolod ori: pirineuliberiuli anu baskuri da qarTuli da misi monaTesave enebi
CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi. danarCeni
ganStoebebi asimilirebuli an ganadgurebuli iqna Cvens welTaRricxvame 2 aTaswleulSi xmelTaSua zRvis auzSi SemoWril indoevropuli tomebis mier.
v. humboldtisa da n. marris
gamokvlevebis mixedviT, iafetidi
iberebi aRavsebdnen xmelTaSua
zRvis auzss da Sumeruli, minosuri, pelazguri, etruskuli da
sxva kulturebi maTi Seqmnilia.
mecnierebis mier protoiberuli modgmis zeobis xanad miiCneven epoqas uZvelesi droidan Cvens
welTaRricxvamde II aTaswleulamde. meore aTaswleulidan ki
iwyeba am modgmis TandaTanobiTi
daknineba da misi ricxobrivi Semcireba. am periodSi TandaTanobiT wina planze gamodis xeTuri
da ZvelberZnuli anu elinuri
samyaroebi, romlebic zRudaven
protoiberiuls. magram amave dros
xdeba kulturaTa sinTezi: paleomediteranul, anu protoiberiul modgmasTan aris dakavSirebuli evropis uZvelesi da pirveladi kulturebi minosuri da
kolxuri (Zvelkolxuri), romlebic uaRresad mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli erTmaneTan. meore
aTaswleulidan iwyeba xeTuri samyaros wamoweva, romelic ukve indoevropuli samyaroa, iseve rogorc ZvelberZnuli samyaro, romelic warmoSobiT veduri berZnebis tomebidan momdinareobs.
saberZneTis pirveladi mosaxleoba Zveli berZeni istorikosebis monacemebze dayrdnobiT gansazRvrulia, rogorc pelazguri
anu protoiberiuli. pelazgebi
warmoadgenen protoiberiuli modgmis erTerTi mniSvnelovan ganStoebas, iseve rogorc kolxebi,
etruskebi, mesxebi. kolxuri, pelazguri, troauli da minosuri
samyaroebi erTmaneTis monaTesave
samyaroebia, ufro swored isini
erT samyaros warmoadgenen, rac
naTlad airekla homerosis ukvdav ~iliadaSi~.
saberZneTsa da xmelTaSua zRvis
auzis sxva regionebSi Catarebulma
arqeologiurma gaTxrebma naTelyves, rom Zv.w. II aTaswleuli brinjaos xanis udidesi civilizaciis gafurCqvnis epoqa yofila.
dReisaTvis ukve kargad aris cnobili, rom kretaze Zv.w. XIXXVI
saukuneebSi brwyinvale protoiberiuli kultura hyvaoda, romelsac Tanamedrove mecnierebi legendaruli mefis, minosis saxelis mixedviT minosurs uwodeben. minosuri samyaro, romelzedac Cven qvemoT ufro vrclad
gveqneba saubari, ar Semoifargvleboda mxolod kunZuli kretiT,
aramed mTels xmelTaSua zRvas
moicavda. saberZneTSi Tavad berZnebma Zv.w. XIV saukunidan Seqmnes swored is civilizacia, romelic aisaxa miTebSi persevze, Tesevssa da herakleze.
aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom ukve
mamuli
didi xania gamokvleulia winaberZnuli kulturebisa da qarTveluri kulturis naTesaoba da
maTi ganviTarebis istoria, magram
ratomRac maT ar uweven saTanado popularizebas. es sakiTxi Tavisebur tabus warmoadgens, romlis gamoaSkaravebas didad aravin cdilobs.
profesor rismarg gordezians
aqvs mniSvnelovani mignebebi iliadaSi moxseniebul tomTa eTnogenezisis gamokvlevisas. mis mier
gamovlenilia mWidro kavSiri qarTuli kulturasa da etruskuls,
likiurs, kariulsa da mcire aziis mcxovreb mosaxleobasTan da
upirvels yovlisa troasTan.
troa bevrad ufro Zveli samyaroa vidre berZnuli. berZnebis
saxelganTqmuli laSqroba ar unda
iqnas gagebuli mxolod samxedro TvalsazrisiT, vinaidan elinebi laSqroben troaSi sakraluri, misteriuli sibrZnis paladiumis mopovebisaTvis, romelic
im xanebSi mxolod protoiberiul modgmas gaaCnda. troas iberul samyarosadmi kuTvnilebis erTerTi damadasturebeli faqtia
TviTon troelebis mier aqevelebisaTvis davis mizezis dasaxeleba. troelebi uxsnian aqavelebs,
rom iseve rogorc adre maT mostaces qali medea, axla samagierod troelebma mostaces berZnebs elene. amdenad elene troelebis anu kolxebis monaTesave
tomebis mier aris motacebuli,
romlebsac amiT berZnebisaTvis, maT
mier warsulSi miyenebuli Seuracxyofis samagieros gadaxda
surdaT. troaelebi, kolxebi da
minosuri kultura dasavleTSi,
xolo Sumerebi aRmosavleTSi, erTad qmnian uZveles, protoiberiul samyaros, romelsac xmelTaSua zRvis mTeli auzi da mcire
aziis didi nawili ekava. magram
rogorc mogaxseneT, xdeba yovelive amis tabuireba da indoevropuli kulturis win wamoweva,
misi mniSvnelobis xazgasma. arada,
realuri istoriuli peripetiebis Seswavlidan naTlad Cans, rom
indoevropuli kultura mxolod
meore aTaswleulidan aRzevda, rodesac dakninda proto-iberiuli
samyaro.
troas omi faqtiurad aris pe-
riodi, rodesac indoevropuli
modgma ukve mZlavrobs saberZneTSi da mcire aziaSi, xolo iberiuli samyaro dekadens ganicdis.
aqve unda aRiniSnos erTi friad
yuradsaRebi momenti berZenTa
udidesi gmiri aqilevsi warmoSobiT swored rom iberieli, pelazgia, maSin rodesac agamemnoni
da menelaosi wminda elinuri warmoSobis arian.
troas omi warmoadgens konfliqts elinur samyarosa da protoiberiul samyaros Soris troa
iberiuli samyaros warmomadgenelia, xolo aqavelebi elinuri, Tumca maT Soris bevri pelazgic
aris. am konfliqtSi ikveTeba elinTa umTavresi mizani paladiumis
anu sibrZnis motaceba, romelic
simbolurad troaseuli cxenis
meSveobiT xorcieldeba.
marTalia, simbolurad paladiumi am miTSi qalis, elenes saxiT
gvevlineba, magram elene xom aris
simbolo Zveli warmarTuli sofiisa sibrZnis. sofiis motaceba
da Semdeg misi gamoxsna gavrcelebuli motivia uZveles miTebsa
da eposebSi. xolo cxeni ki ezoTerul poeziaSi warmoadgens inteleqtis simbolos. aqavelTa anu
elinTa misia inteleqtis ganviTareba aris ukve axali etapi
cnobierebis ganviTarebaSi, maSin
rodesac kolxuri, troaseuli, pelazguri da minosuri kultura
warmoadgens naTelmxilvelur
kulturas, romelic win uswrebs
inteleqtismier, azrovnebiT kulturas.
kacobriobis erTerT udides
Secdomas warmoadgens berZnuli
miTebis avtorebis ara sworad
gansazRvra. Zveli berZnuli miTebis umravlesobaSi asaxuli aris
ara berZnuli, aramed pelazguri
anu protoiberiuli sinamdvile.
amas aRniSnavda germaneli filosofosi Selingic da pelazgur
epoqas ganmartavda, rogorc naTelmxilveluri sibrZnis epoqas.
SemdgomSi berZnebis didma gmirebma persevsma, Tesevsma da sxvebma
pelazguri kulturis naSTebze
aages axali, aranaklebi masStabis
azrovnebiTi, inteleqtismieri elinuri kultura.
rogorc cnobilia, ~berZnuli~
miTebis erTerTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani personaJia titani promeTe, romelic uSualod aris dakavSirebuli protoiberiul kulturasTan.
vin aris promeTe? am kiTxvaze
pasuxis gasacemad, saWiroa gavixsenoT, rom miTosi da miTologia
ar aris identuri cnebebi. miTosi aris miTebis samyaro, xolo
miTologia am samyaros ganmarteba, misi mniSvneloba. aqedan gamomdinare miTosis wyaros warmoadgens protoiberiuli kultura,
xolo miTologiis safuZvels
elinuri. ~berZnuli~ miTebis sinamdvile Seqmnilia pelazgebis mier,
xolo elinebis mier igi sistematizirebuli da interpretirebulia. arc homerosi da arc hesiode, antikuri periodis es gigantebi, ar arin Semoqmedni miTebisa,
aramed isini arian miTologosebi
pelazguri miTosis sistematizatorebi da ganmmartebelni.
moamzada
aleko miqaberiZem
(dasasruli Semdeg nomerSi)
TviTmfrinavis kabinaSi, hermetulad dagmanul kars miRma
zis kaci, urTules saqmeSi Tavidan bolomde gacnobierebuli,
CvenTvis ase Soreuli da mainc Zalian axlobeli. kaci, romelmac vaJkacurad itvirTa uaRresad sapasuxismgeblo profesiis umZimesi tvirTi da romelsac mokle, magram bevrismTqmeli saxeli hqvia - mfrinavi!..
rogoria TviTmfrinavis kabinis iluminatoridan maTi TvaliT danaxuli ca da dedamiwa? ras ganicdian, roca abariaT
asobiT adamianis sicocxle? ra gansxvavebas xedaven maSin,
roca Cveulebriv frenas asruleben da maSin, rodesac qveynis
prezidentTan erTad specreisiT miemgzavrebian ucxoeTSi?
am da sxva kiTxvebze sapasuxod aviakompania “jorjia earveisis” mfrinavs gaga kaxuraSvils mivmarTeT:
- duSeTSi davibade da gavizarde. ar maxsovs, rodis gamiCnda survili, mfrinavi gavmxdariyavi, magram is ki arasodes damaviwydeba, rogor SemZra Sinaganad giorgi danelias filmma “miminom”. maSin davisaxe miznad, rom
mec mfrinavi vyofiliyavi. raRas
ar vakeTebdi, xeze mqonda TviTmfrinavis “kabina” mowyobili, totebSi Cavjdebodi da “Sturvals”
vatrialebdi. Cems oTaxSi rom
SemosuliyaviT, aviaciis muzeumi
gegonebodaT...
skolaSi rom mivedi, maswavlebelma, rogorc yvelas, mec damawerina momavali profesiis Sesaxeb. ase davwere sityva-sityviT:
“me minda gavxde “liotCiki”. mogvianebiT, rodesac ocneba amixda,
maswavlebelma momitana Cemi naweri
da maCvena, aRarc ki maxsovda, Zalian
amaRelvebeli siurprizi iyo...
- mainc rogor gaxdi “liotCiki”?
- 1990 wels davamTavre skola da im welsve Cavabare kievis
samoqalaqo aviaciis institutSi. I-li kursi warCinebiT davxure. amasobaSi, pirvelad, damoukidebeli saqarTvelos istoriaSi, TbilisSi gaixsna saaviacio
instituti. Zalian mindoda, rom
pirveli gamoSvebis kursdamTavrebulTa Soris mec vyofiliyavi da miuxedavad imisa, rom erT
wels vkargavdi, TbilisSi gadmovitane sabuTebi.
gaxsovT, albaT, ra mZime wlebi
iyo saqarTveloSi, gaWirveba, areuloba, afxazeTis omi... Teoria
Seviswavle, magram praqtikaze laparakic ki zedmeti iyo. savaldebulo frenebic ki ver gaviareT...
sawvavis uqonlobis gamo(!), es ki
imas niSnavda, rom mfrinavis sertifikats ver miviRebdiT. Cavabare saxelmwifo gamocda da momces
diplomi inJiner-meqanikos-mfrinavis kvalifikaciiT. praqtikis
uqonlobis gamo marto inJinrad
SemeZlo muSaoba, mfrinavobaze ocnebas unda gamovTxovebodi, sxva
gamosavali, ubralod, ar Canda.
mfrinavis sertifikatis misaRebad aucilebeli frenis saaTebi
rom dagvegrovebina, uzarmazari
Tanxa iyo saWiro. saidan mogvetana? amis gamo im biWebis umravlesoba, romlebic oTxi wlis
manZilze TavauRebliv swavlobdnen da mfrinavis profesiaze ocnebobdnen, faqtobrivad dakarga qarTulma aviaciam. zogi sad wavida,
zogi - sad, sul sxva saqmes mohkides xeli...
- xeli Caiqnie?
- kinaRam sasowarkveTilebaSi
Cavvardi. gadamzadebas daaxloebiT 10 aTasi dolari undoda.
sxva gamosavali rom ver vnaxe,
mSoblebisgan malulad TbilisSi bina gavyide da moskovSi wavedi. yvela giJad mTvlida, magram arafris gagoneba ar mindoda. “dosaafSi” vifrine 260 saaTi. 3 Tve viyavi moskovSi, didi
gaWirveba gadavitane, magram swavlisTvis Tavi ar daminebebia. movagrove frenis saaTebi, Camovedi
TbilisSi, warvadgine sabuTebi departamentSi da aviRe sertifikati, romelic maZlevda konkretul TviTmfrinavze gadamzadebis uflebas, raTa damewyo frena
romelime aviakompaniaSi. sabuTebiT me ukve mfrinavi viyavi, es
iyo Cemi pirveli gamarjveba...
- frena rodis daiwye?
- frenis dawyeba ase martivad
ar xdeba. jer trenaJorze unda
gamevlo specmomzadeba. gamiwies
Suamdgomloba da iqac Cemi TanxebiT gaviare specialuri prog-
ise igrZeni, TiTqos trenaJorze
xar, aba, Sen icio. am sityvebma
gamomafxizla, pirjvari gadaviwere, nela movwie Sturvali da
avfrindi. maxsovs, rogor aiwia
haerSi laineri. uRrublo ca
iyo Cem win, idealuri meteorologiuri pirobebi. ise vifrineT
is reisi, avtopiloti ar CaurTavs meTaurs, sul xeliT vmarTavdi, undoda, bolomde SemegrZno TviTmfrinavi...
“Òàêèå ïèëîòû= êàê âû=
-o...
íà óëèöå íå âàëÿþòñÿ“-o...
- gaviare 50 safrenosno saaTis aucilebeli etapi da dadga
Cemi cxovrebis urTulesi periodi. axla ukve mfrinavi viyavi
da SemeZlo nebismier aviakompaniaSi muSaoba, magram reisebi iyo
cota, didi iyo konkurencia mfrinavebs Soris da me, axalbedas, vin
mimiRebda samuSaod? arada,
Tu muSaobas ar daviwyebdi,
eqvsi Tvis Semdeg isev sakuTari TanxebiT unda gamevlo trenaJorze specmomzadeba... axali daojaxebuli
viyavi, riT gverCina Tavi? Cemi meuRle - xaTuna yovel
cismare dRes pirjvars gadamwerda da locviT macilebda. yoveldRe davdiodi
departamentSi da vijeqi saRamomde ufrosis misaRebSi.
mere ki vbrundebodi Sin imedgacruebuli. ase grZeldeboda
Tveebis manZilze. faqtobrivad
wyalSi meyreboda amdeni Sroma
da wvaleba. erT dRes, roca megona, xsna arsaidan iyo, bedma ga-
romlebic ara marto saqarTveloSi, aramed mTel msoflioSi
arian dafasebuli, rogorc samoqalaqo aviaciis namdvili asebi:
madloba minda vuTxra Cemi aviakompaniis xelmZRvanelobas, romelmac saSualeba momca, “boingze” gamevlo gadamzadeba da regularulad mefrina.
- tu-sa da “boings” Soris
didi gansxvavebaa?
- mfrinavebi amboben: maT Soris iseTi sxvaobaa, rogoric “Jigulsa” da bolo modelis “mersedess” Soriso. “boings” xumrobiT “pensionerebis” TviTmfrinavs eZaxian, imdenad komfortuli da iolad samarTavia.
- araerTxel msmenia, rom qarTul safrenosno skolas didi
avtoriteti aqvs msoflioSi...
- rusebi amboben xolme: “Åñëè
ãðóçèí ðèñêóåò= òî îí îáÿçàòåëüíî ñÿäåò!“-o. qarTveli
mfrinavebis profesionalizms
yvelgan aRiareben da pativs scemen. afxazeTis omSi rac qarTvelma mfrinavebma gaakeTes, es
me minda gavxde `liotCiki~
gvesaubreba prezidentis mfrinavi
rama. trenaJorze swavlebis umkacresi pirobebia. aq Tu uSecdomod ar gaiare yvela etapi,
frenis uflebas aravin mogcems.
es etapebi ki marto Teoria ar
aris, trenaJorze frenis zusti
imitacia xdeba, maT Soris avariuli situaciebisa da yovelive
es uSecdomod unda daZlio. warmatebiT gaviare specmomzadebac,
magram es jer kidev ar niSnavda
imas, rom me ukve mfrinavi viyavi.
saamisod 50 saaTi unda mefrina
samoqalaqo aviareisiT. didi Zalisxmevis Semdeg movipove amis
ufleba...
“aba, afrindi!..”
- albaT dRemde gaxsovs Seni
pirveli reisi...
- amis daviwyeba SeuZlebelia!
unda mefrina reisiT TbilisiquTaisi-moskovi. gamocxadda gafrenis dro da eki paJis Semadgenloba. mRelvarebisgan winaRames
ar mZinebia. gaTenda es dRec.
gaviareT winaswari momzadeba. tu134 asafren zolze gaviyvaneT da
xomaldis meTaurma iuri arzumanianma RimiliT, TiTqos sxvaTa
Soris, miTxra: “aba, afrindi!..” batoni iuri dRemde ixsenebs: gaocebisgan gafarToebuli Seni
Tvalebi arasodes damaviwydebao!..
guls iseTi bagabugi gahqonda,
megona, salonSic ki esmodaT. meTaurma damamSvida: - gaga, Tavi
miRima da mimiRo departamentis
ufrosma jemal margveliZem. es
iyo erTaderTi adamiani, vinc am
xnis ganmavlobaSi momismina. iseTi gancdiT movuyevi yvelaferi,
im wuT-Si aiRo yurmili da daureka “saqarTvelos aviaxazebis”
generalur direqtors demur lelaZes: - axla SenTan mova axalgazrda mfrinavi da Zalian gTxov,
mousmineo... batonma demurma momismina. Sesabamisi samsaxuris ufrosi gamoiZaxa da uTxra: - am
kacs imxela gza aqvs gamovlili
da iseTi wvaleba unaxavs, sacodaobaa misi gareT datoveba, dReidan is Cveni TanamSromeli iqnebao...
arasodes damaviwydeba is dRe,
1997 wlis 15 aprili. rogor
“gamovfrindi” Tbilisidan, ar maxsovs. Sin misulma col-Svili
gulSi Cavikari da Tvalcremliani mxolod erT sityvas vimeorebdi: - mimiRes!.. am dRes gavxdi
namdvili mfrinavi...
“Åñëè ãðóçèí ðèñêóåò=
òî îí îáÿçàòåëüíî ñÿäåò!““
- dRes ukve gamocdili mfrinavi xar da sxvas uziareb gamocdilebas. ra mogca profesionalizmis TvalsazrisiT ganvlilma wlebma?
- uzarmazari gamocdileba SemZina. me iseTi maswavleblebis da
instruqtorebis xelSi gaviare,
mamuli
marto profesionalizmi ki ara,
gmiroba gaxldaT. maTi yoveli
reisi sicocxlisa da sikvdilis
Widili iyo. tyviebis zuzunSi,
dasaSvebze meti woniT gadatvirTuli, xSirad almodebuli da
mwyobridan gamosuli TviTmfrinavis mSvidobianad dasma safren
bilikze, mxolod namdvil virtuozs SeuZlia. ucxoeli piloti aseT risks arasodes gaswevs! guli mwydeba, rom am yvelaferma ise Caiara, TiTqos Cveulebrivi ambavi iyo da meti araferi. arada, im ambebis monawileni namdvili gmirebi arian!..
- evropis zonaSi frena, Cvengan
gansxvavebiT, bevri specifikuri
niuansiT gamoirCeva?
- gansxvaveba didi ar aris, ubralod, SeCveva unda. pirvelad
aTenSi gavfrindi. dispetCeri iseTi aqcentiT laparakobda, rom
TiTqmis araferi mesmoda. mere
TandaTan alRo avuRe. ungreTis
zonaSi Sesvlisas iqauri dispetCeri yovelTvis qarTulad gvesalmeba da gvemSvidobeba, asevea
ukrainis zonaSic. Cvenc vcdilobT maTTan idealuri urTierToba gvqondes, radgan am samsaxurTan SeTanxmebuli moqmedebis
gareSe TviTmfrinavis marTva SeuZlebelia.
- gaga, Sen araerTxel gifrenia
saqarTvelos prezidentTan erTad.
ra gansxvavebaa Cveulebriv da specreisebs Soris da riT dagamaxsovraT Tavi mixeil saakaSvilma?
- profesionaluri TvalsazrisiT, aranairi gansxvaveba ar
aris. prezidentic CvenTvis iseTive mgzavria, rogoric sxva. ubralod, amaRelvebeli gancdaa, rodesac amxela ndobas gicxadeben.
araerTxel gvifrenia erTad. pirvelad kievSi, bolos italiaSi,
romSic gvqonda reisi. Zalian
daZabuli samuSao reJimi aqvs
prezidents, magram frenisas aucileblad gamonaxavs dros CvenTan Semosasvlelad, saTiTaod mogvikiTxavs, gagvesaubreba. Zalian
uSualoa, ise Tbilad dagelaparakeba, rom yovelgvar kompleqsebs mogixsnis. yvelaferi ainteresebs, Cveni profesiis umciresi
niuansebic ki. iseT detalebSia
gaTviTcnobierebuli, xandaxan mik-virs kidec...
Zalian mindoda masTan erTad suraTis gadaReba, magram karga xans ver Sevbede.
bolos, romSi rom mivfrinavdiT, vTxove: - batono prezidento, SeiZleba TqvenTan
suraTi gadaviRo-meTqi? - maSinve miTxra: - siamovnebiTo! xeli gadamxvia da gadaviReT. avtografic damitova: - “gaga, erTad gavimarjvebT!..” damSvidobebisas aucileblad Semodis kabinaSi, madlobas gvixdis, uRrublo zecas
da mSvidobian frenas gvisurvebs
da ise gvtovebs...
- SesaSuri profesia gaqvs,
“Êàæäûé äåíü ïðåçèäåíòà
âèäèøü= àêàäåìèêà âèäèøü=
àðòèñòà âèäèøü“...
- (icinis) iStoianis naxvaRa
maklia!.. marTlac bevr cnobil
adamianTan erTad mifrenia. erTxel buba kikabiZe Semovida kabinaSi da vuTxari: - Tqven rom
ar yofiliyaviT, mfrinavi verasodes gavxdebodi-meTqi. movuyevi, ra roli iTamaSa Cems cxovrebaSi “miminom”. momexvia batoni buba da makoca...
- albaT gaxsovs “miminos” finali, TviTmfrinavidan “gadmoxtomaze” rom laparakobs valiko
mizandari...
- mesmis, risi Tqma gsurs. saocari grZnobaa, rodesac Sin brundebi da saqarTvelos zonaSi Semodixar. aq yvelaferi Tbili da
mSobliuria. erTi Sexedav samarTav pultze dasvenebul RvTismSoblis xats, Sturvals daawvebi da...
P.S. “pativcemulo mgzavrebo,
Cveni reisi dasrulda. madlobas
mogaxsenebT, rom isargebleT Cveni momsaxurebiT... xomaldis meTauri da eki paJi gemSvidobebaT
saukeTeso survilebiT...”
mere yvelaferi Tavidan iwyeba. taatiT gaiyvans TviTmfrinavs asafren zolze, ufals SesTxovs mfarvelobas da zecaSi
aiWreba... SturvalTan dajdomis
win ki yovelTvis gaaxsendeba odesRac bavSvuri xeliT qaRaldze
dawerili, dRes ukve frTaSesxmuli ocneba: - “me minda gavxde
“liotCiki!..”
zviad sexniaSvili
19
igi aSS-Si aTi wlis win Camovida, misi moqalaqeoba nebas
aZlevs samSobloSi stumrad mainc Cavides, magram es jer ar
momxdara. darCenas ar apirebda,
magram darCa, darCa da gaumarTla
kidec. gaumarTla, magram didi
Sromisa da nebisyofis fasad.
dRes paata ciquriSvilis Teatri vaSingtonSi metad warmatebuli Teatria. iq idgmeba iseTi speqtaklebi, romelTa msgavsic qarTvelebs didi xania, gvenateba. mxatvroba - gogi aleqsi-mesxiSvilisa, musika - gia yanCelisa da vato kaxiZisa, mTavar
rolebSi irakli da kaxi kavsaZeebi, dasi amerikuli, energia
da muxti qarTuli, forma axali da Tanamedrove. mravali prizisa da jildos mflobeli
speqtaklebis avtori-reJisori
arafers nanobs, Tumca erTis
eSinia, grZnobs, rom TandaTan sakuTar saxes kargavs, anu imas,
riTic misi xelovneba sazrdoobs da im garemoSi ireva, sadac
cxovrobs da moRvaweobs.
saqarTvelos kinematografiis erovnuli centrisa da tekelompania “mzis” iniciativiTa da daxmarebiT reJisorma levan koRuaSvilma am filmis gadaReba erTi wlis win daiwo. “patara Teatri vaSingtonSi” Tbiliselma mayurebelma kinoTetr
“amiranis” mcire darbazSi “amarkordSi” pirvelad ixila da
aramarto levan koRuaSvilis
xelovnebas Caukvirda, aramed vaSingtonis qarTuli Teatris erTi romelime speqtaklis naxvis
didi survilic gauCnda.
premiera gaga CxeiZisa da eldar mdinaraZis gamosvliT daiwyo. “saqarTvelos kinematografiis erovnulma centrma mokrZalebuli wvlili Seitana am
filmis gadaRebaSi. rogorc mogexsenebaT, kinocentri finansurad exmareba produserebs, saprodiusero kompaniebs, Cven ar
vereviT arc SemoqmedebiT procesSi da ar gavcemT brZanebebs.
mixaria, rom es filmi Sedga.
gamovida Zalian saintereso dokumenturi filmi axalgazrda
Semoqmed kacze. adamianze, rome-
20
lic Cadis misTvis sruliad
ucxo qveyanaSi, Caaqvs Tavisi samyaro, aarsebs Teatrs, aRwevs warmatebebs, amave dros es aris filmi emigrantze, romelic kargavs
erovnul identobas da es tkivilic kargadaa gadmocemuli.
reJisoruli namuSevaric, vTvli,
rom Zalian sainteresoa” - erovnuli kinocentris xelmZRvanelis es azri telekompania “mzis”
warmomadgenelma, filmis prodiuserma, batonma eldar mdinaraZem ganavrco: “levan koRuaSvilis es namuSevari SarSan iqna ideaSi ganxiluli. me masTan
Zalian bevri maqvs namuSevari.
Tamamad SemiZlia vTqva, rom saqme gvaqvs maRali klasis, sakmaod Camoyalibebul, sakuTari
xelweris mqone ostatTan. SeimCneva, rom mas didi skola aqvs
gavlili jer marlen xucievTan da Semdeg niu iorkSi. Cven
TemasTan muSaobis procesSi
gvqonda seriozuli sja-baasi, es
filmi Tavidan bolomde ise iqna
Camoyalibebuli, rom maSinve
vgrZnobdi, rom Zalian seriozul namuSevarTan gveqneboda saqme. Tqven Zalian gemovnebiani mayureblebi brZandebiT da SemiZ-
formiTa da SinaarsiT erTdroulad gviCvenebs adamians, romelmac myari xasiaTisa da Sromismoyvareobis wyalobiT mizans
miaRwia, paralelurad exeba Teatris muSaobas, garemomcvelTa
portretebsa da
saerTod, iqaur
yofasa da cxovrebas. filmSi
absolurutad
gamarTulia
dramaturgiuli kompozicia,
mSvenieria operatoruli namuSevaric.
paata ciquriSvili erTdroulad xelovanicaa da
emigrantic. adamiani, romlis namuSevrebic mTlianad qarTul
ritmsa da tempzea agebuli. es
ori ki yvelaze mniSvnelovania,
miT ufro maSin, roca saqme ara
Cveulebriv dramatul, aramed erTgvar sinTezur TeatrTan gvaqvs.
yofilma pantomimis msaxiobma
vaSingtonSi iseTi Teatri Ca-
xiZesTan, Seqmna iseTi Teatri
rogorisac sjeroda, muSaobs ise,
rogorc swams da esmis: bolomde ixarjeba da nebismier msaxiobs pirad magaliTs aZlevs.
levan koRuaSvilis yvelaze
vidre mosaubre ambobs, Tumca
araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar aris
araviTari metaforuli azrovneba reJisorisa, yvelaferi martivi da sadaa. swored amaSia
am filmis upirvelesi xibli.
dResdReobiT
qarTul TeKTDFY RJQEFIDBKB
atrs
vaSingtoABKVPT VEIFJ,BCFC
nSi didi warmateba aqvs. weliwadSi sam premieras, or aRdgenil speqtakls
da erT eqsperiments sTavazoben mayurebels. am wlebis
ganmavlobaSi
araerTi Teatraluri oskarisa da prizis
mflobelni gaxdnen. iTamaSes
“hamleti”, “medidi damsaxureba, Cemi azriT dea”, “bohemia”, “salomea”, “stuisaa, rom man im mTavari Rirse- mar-maspinZeli” da sxva mravali.
bis warmoCena moaxerxa, rac am im dRes, roca Cven levan koRuadamians da mis Teatrs aqvs: aSvilis films vuyurebdiT, patagamarTuli idea, mizani da aR- ra Teatri vaSingtonSi kidev
mzdelobiTi daniSnuleba. anu erT premieras waradgenda, ori
is, rasac Teatrebi saqarTvelo- kviris win ki irina ciquriSvils
ukve meoTxe oskari gadasces
saukeTeso qoreografiisTvis.
aTi wlis win axalgazrda
artistma maspinZlebis ena saerTod ar icoda, kidec eSinoda da kidec dardobda. rom
ara restoranSi Sesrulebuli
nomeri “jiuti buSti”, romeSi yovelgvari sinanulis gare- lic impresariom naxa, misi
Se martivad elevian.
cxovreba ase ar warimarTebo“patara Teatri vaSington- da. dRes igi warmatebuli reSi” ar aris filmi mxolod Jisoria, aqvs sakuTari Teatri,
qarTvel col-qmarze, romelmac sakuTari dasi, megobrebi, ojaucxo qveyanaSi ucxo sirTu- xi. mZime magram savse cxovreba.
leebs Tavi gaarTva, es agreTve zustad ar icis, dabrundeba Tu
is filmia, romelic zogadad ara, magram es ar aris misTvis
xelovanebze gvelaparakeba. miu- mTavari problema, vaSingtonSi
xedavad mravali saintereso ka- mas patara saqarTvelo aqvs mowdrisa, yvelaze metad im fragmen- yobili, paatas mxolod erTis,
tma momxibla, roca savarjiSo sakuTari identurobis dakardarbazSi wreze morbenali sxeu- gvis eSinia da Tu es moxdeba,
lebi Cans, musika feTqavs, adami- Tu misi namdvili saxe marTlac
anebi ubralod sunTqaven, kamera sadRac gaqreba; zustad icis
erTi mimarTulebiT Cerdeba da rom misi “gansakuTrebuli xeadamianebi isev sunTqaven. zogi- lovnebac” gauCinardeba.
sofo kilasonia
erTi kadri imaze mets xatavs,
qarTuli monologi StatebSi
filmi masze, visac gaumarTla
lia Tamamad giTxraT da mogilocoT, rom filmi aris Zalian maRal doneze gakeTebuli yvela parametrSi. filmis naxvis
Semdeg gagexardebaT, rom varT
qarTvelebi. saqme gvaqvs mwife
reJisorTan. mixaria, rom am saqmeSi, raRac wvlili miuZRvis telekompania “mzes”.
levan koRuaSvilis erTsaaTiani dokumenturi filmi mTlianad monologzea agebuli. kamera da montaJic reJisors ekuTvnis. paata ciquriSvili sakuTar istorias imdenad martivad
da uSualod gviyveba, mayurebels
ar bezrdeba smena da SigadaSig
eRimeba kidec. filmi sakuTari
moayaliba, romlis msgavsi iq
ar aris. mis speqtaklebSi aris
sityvac, Tumca mTavari mainc
dinamika, plastika, mimika da ubralod moZraobaa. swored is
moZraoba, romlis saSualebiTac
albaT yvelafris Tqma da gadmocemaa SesaZlebeli da amas
mSvenivrad mimxvdara marTlac
niWieri reJisori.
“Cemi cxovreba geografiulad
Zalian martivia: Teatri, saxli,
repeticia, premiera, saxli, repeticia... amerikaSi Zalian gamimarTla.” - amerikaSi man mizans
miaRwia da ocneba realobad eqca. muSaobs gia yanCelTan, gogi
aleqsi-mesxiSvilTan, vato ka-
mamuli
...simarTle giTxraT, ar maxsovs, ramdeni wlis viyavi - ase,
cxra-aTis. Sin vTamaSobdi da
mamaCemis wignebSi viqeqebodi. Zalian miyvarda ufrosebis wignebis Tvaliereba da maSinac am
saqmiT gaxldiT garTuli.
fexburTze zogadi warmodgena mqonda. mamas stadionze davyavdi da vicodi, rom taimebs
Soris lataria TamaSdeboda.
isic vicodi, rom “dinamo” Cemi
sayvareli klubi unda yofiliyo, am gundis fexburTelebi ki,
ubralod, unda myvareboda.
da radgan ramdenime moTamaSis saxeli gagonili mqonda, Tarodan gadmovardnilma wignma, romelzec axalgazrda kacis suraTi iyo gamosaxuli warweriT
“vitali daraselia”, umal mii pyro Cemi yuradReba.
gadavaTvaliere. Tbilisis
“dinamos” ramdenime gunduri foto iyo. umal makrateli movimarjve da suraTebi amovWeri.
saqmianobas rom movrCi, sul bolos wavikiTxe - vitali daraselias gols “dinamosTvis” raRac Tasi moutania.
roca momdevno wigni gadmoviRe Tarodan, romelic swored
xsenebul gamarjvebas eZRvneboda da romelsac “diuseldorfis rainStadionze” erqva, usazRvrod gavixare. maSin im gamarjvebis mniSvneloba zustad iseve mqonda gaTviTcnobierebuli,
rogorc fexburTis arsi. swored amitom is wignic Cems makratels “emsxverpla”.
roca gavizarde da diuseldorfSi mogebuli Tasis mniSvnelobas mivxvdi, vinane, rom ori,
marTlac istoriuli wigni Sin
aRar mqonda. nacnob-megobrebSi
ki daveZebdi, magram am wignebis
povnis yvela cda 90-iani wlebis dasawyisis TbilisSi amao
gamodga.
...1993 wels Tbilisis “dinamo”, romelsac im dros ukve alalad vqomagobdi da romelic im
droisTvis Cemi yvelaze sayvareli klubi iyo, CempionTa Tasis
gaTamaSebaSi CaerTo. Crdiloirlandiur “linfildTan” matCis
win televiziiT “liverpulTan”,
“vest hem iunaitedTan” (londonSi), “feienoordTan” da “karl
caisTan” dinamoelTa brwyinvale gamarjvebebi gviCvenes. maSin
kidev erTxel vinane bavSvuri
ancobis gamo.
dRes, diuseldorfSi mopovebuli brwyinvale gamarjvebidan
ocdaoTxi wlis Semdeg, orive
wigni maqvs, magram maT daTvalierebas veridebi. vici, gadavSli
wignebs da guli sevdiT amevseba
- didi “dinamo” aRaraa, Cvens
Soris aRar arian vitali daraselia, daviT yifiani, saukunis
gamarjvebis sulisCamdgmeli nodar axalkaci...
am wignebis Tvalierebisas eWvi mi pyrobs - nuTu ase Zlierni
viyaviT, rom evroTasis mflobelni gavxdiT? axla, roca beberi
kontinentis safexburTo grandTa TamaSebs vuyureb, meSinia kidec - vfiqrob, rom Cemi “dinamo” mTavar jildoebs araTu moigebs, verasdros miuaxlovdeba da
TasTa Tasi erTaderT saerTaSoriso gamarjvebad dagvrCeba.
raoden Zneli saTqmelic un-
ajnj
yjcnfkubf
1981 wlis
13 maisi roca Cven
bednierebi
viyaviT
24 weli `dinamos~ gamarjvebidan
da iyos, mgonia, rom Tanamedrove
fexburTi ise win gagveqca, misi
daweva lamis irealuri gaxda.
miWirs amaze fiqri, magram simarTle xSirad araa iseTi, rogoric gvinda rom iyos.
arada, “dinamo” marTlac Zalian Zlieri iyo! “dinamo” iyo
is gundi, romelic evrograndebs
tol-sworad eTamaSeboda, “baiernsa” Tu “benfikas” kudiT qvas
asrolinebda, “liverpuls” miwasTan asworebda, “feienoords”
gaanadgurebda da yvelafer amas
didi gamarjvebiT - Tasebis
mflobelTa Tasis mogebiT daagvirgvinebda!
is, rac 1981 wlis 13 maiss
Tbiliselebma diuseldorfis
“rainStadionze” moaxerxes, bevrma didma klubma ver SeZlo.
Tasebis mflobelTa Tasi ise Cabarda evrofexburTis warsuls,
misi mogeba TviT madridis “realma” ver moaxerxa. aRarafers
vambob “interze”, “liverpulze”,
“benfikasa” da sxva saxelovan
klubebze.
Tbilisis “dinamom” ki SeZlo. SeZlo imitom, rom is “dinamo” brwyinvale gundi iyo, didebuli da marTlac evropuli
donis!
Cveni fexburTelebic varskvlavebi iyvnen am sityvis saukeTeso
gagebiT - aleqsandre CivaZes, daviT yifians, ramaz Sengelias, Tengiz sulaqveliZes, vladimer gucaevs, vitali daraselias da sxva
didebul moTamaSeebs siamovnebiT gadaibirebdnen igive “reali” Tu “baierni”, “barselona”
Tu “liverpuli”. magram sxva
dro iyo - bneli da Caketili.
1981 wlis 13 maiss Cvenma “dinamom” SeuZlebeli SeZlo - Tasebis mflobelTa Tasis mogebiT
Cveni fexburTelebi samudamod
Sevidnen ara marto qarTuli, zogadad, fexburTis istoriaSi.
Tu 1964 wels “dinamom” pirvelad dai pyro sabWoTa fexburTis olimpi, 1981 wels gundma
evropuli mwvervali dalaSqra.
msgavsi warmatebiT sabWoTa fexburTis flagmanebi moskovis
“spartaki” Tu “dinamo” ver da-
ikvexnidnen. es faqti CvenTvis
Zalian sasiamovno iyo!
sxvaTa Soris, evroTasebis istoriaSi “dinamo” dRemde yvelaze aRmosavluri gundia, visac ki odesme mougia Tundac
erTi jildo. esec meore sasiamovno faqti!
...1980 wlis 5 noembers Tbilisis “dinamom” Tasebis mflobelTa Tasis gaTamaSebis mervedfinalSi advilad daamarcxa irlandiuri “uoterfordi” 4:0
da meoTxedfinalSi gavida. kenWisyram dinamoelebs saxelganTqmuli inglisuri klubi “vest
hem iunaitedi” arguna metoqed.
Tbiliselebs seriozuli gamocda unda CaebarebinaT.
londonis “apton parkze” dinamoelTa TamaSma fexburTis yvela gulSematkivari aRafrTovana - Tbiliselebi Seudarebelni
iyvnen, mowinaaRmdeges sjobnidnen da goli golze gahqondaT.
dauviwyaria saSa CivaZis SemarTeba, daTo yifianis saocari
pasebi...
“dinamom” 4:1 moigo da ara
marto naxevarfinalSi gasvlaze
ganacxada pretenzia, TasTa Tassac seriozulad Seutia.
ingliselTa Semdeg iyo roterdamis “feienoordi”, aranakleb saxelganTqmuli da ambiciuri holandiuri klubi.
1981 wlis 8 aprils TbilisSi “dinamom” metoqes 3:0 sZlia
- Tengiz sulaqveliZis SeCereba
holandielebma ver SeZles. miuxedavad imisa, rom sapasuxo SexvedraSi metoqe yvelanairad ecada “dinamos” Zlevas, Tundac avstrieli msajis daxmarebiT, diuseldorfSi TamaSis ufleba mainc “dinamom” moi pova.
es ukve warmateba iyo!
magram Cven gacilebiT didi
sixaruli gveloda - 1981 wlis
13 maisis Rame!
gaxsovT is Rame?
wuTi wuTs misdevs, dro gadis da finalic axlovdeba...
megobrebTan ikribebiT an isini modian TqvenTan...
quCaSi moZraoba klebulobs,
nerviuloba ki, piriqiT - matu-
mamuli
lobs...
verc ki amCnevT, rom yvelaferi daviwyebas eZleva, garda erTisa - dRes finalia, TasTa Tasis finali!
aivanze gadixarT da sigarets
abolebT, bolTas scemT...
savarZelSi mokalaTebuli, teleekrans Tvals ar aSorebT da
dinamoelebis danaxvaze grZnobT,
rom guliscema Zalian matulobs.
Tvalebs xuWavT da natrobT,
rom es sasiamovno tanjva male
damTavrdes, oRond damTavrdes
ise, rogorc Tqven gindaT, rogorc unda mamas, dedas, Svils,
mezobels, megobars, TanamSromels,
ubnels, yvelas, visac qarTveli
hqvia da vinc gulSematkivrobs
“dinamos”...
gaismis italieli msajis rikardo latancis sastvenis xma
da brZola iwyeba:
“dinamo” Tu “karl caisi”?
Cven Tu isini?
kote maxaraZe auRelveblad,
dinjad saubrobs, metoqeTa Semadgenlobas Cveuli artistizmiT gvamcnobs...
ara, oRond es ara - usiamovno
fiqrebs ukuagdebT da rCebiT
Tqven, teleekrani da TamaSi, romelic TavisTavad xdeba istoriis kuTvnileba...
“dinamom” unda moigos! Cven
unda gavimarjvoT! sxvanairad ar
SeiZleba - es gamarjveba Cven
ufro gvWirdeba, vidre germanelebs...
pirveli taimi ugolod mTavrdeba...
kvlav aivani, dacarielebuli
ezo Tu quCa da vin icis, meramdene sigareti...
mezobelic Sefiqrianebulia,
TvalebiT ugebT erTmaneTs...
Tbilisi dums...
TxuTmeti wuTi swrafad garbis da isev Tavidan iwyeba yvelaferi - nerviuloba da sigareti, sigareti, sigareti...
63-e wuTze oTar gabelias
karSi goli gadis - “karl caisis” Seteva zusti dartymiT
mTavrdeba. Cvenebs hope sjis 0:1...
oTx wuTSi vova gucaevi ra-
maz Sengelias garjas ufasebs uZlieresi dartyma da 1:1!
saqarTveloSi, moskovSi, leningradSi, kievSi, yvelgan, sadac
qarTvelia, aTasobiT fanjara iReba
da quCebSi qomagTa gulebSi dagubebuli emocia iRvreba:
gooooooooool!
guli mkerdidan amovardnas
lamobs!
“dinamos” upiratesoba matulobs, Cvenebi ienelebs awvebian...
dro iwureba, angariSi ki 1:1ia
da maSin, roca damatebiT droze davfiqrdiT, daTom burTi vitalis gadaawoda, igi erTs gascda, meorec moatyua da daartya...
golia! gesmiT, golia! Cven gavitaneT!
isev aivso quCebi emociiT, isev
gaivso gulebi siyvaruliT!
Cven vtiriT, viciniT, vxtiT,
vyviriT, vRrialebT, gvinda, bolomde davicaloT emociisgan,
magram is usazRvroa da ulevi...
Tbilisi feTqdeba da siCumes
nTqavs...
sam wuTSi latanci TamaSs...
Tumca, ra TamaSs? es xom finalia, es xom oqros, saukunis matCia!
msaji saukunis matCs amTavrebs: 2:1 da Tasebis mflobelTa
Tasi Cvenia!
gabitaSvili da moparuli
burTi...
xizaniSvilis haerovani kocna...
emociisgan daclili farsadanoviCi...
zRva emocia, zRva sixaruli...
cremlebi, cremlebi, cremlebi...
zeimi TbilisSi da gaTenebuli 14 maisis Rame...
gadaWedili aeroporti da
“salami lomkacebs”...
oTari, Tamazi, saSa, nodari, gia,
vitali, zauri, nukri, Tengizi, vova,
daTo, ramazi, SoTa, vaJa, giorgi,
daTo, gia, revazi, vaxtangi, konstantine, gurami...
da, ra Tqma unda, nodar axalkaci!
Cven bednierebi viyaviT!
Cven bednierebi unda viyoT!
laSa goduaZe
21
saqarTveloSi gamomavalma Jurnalma `ar idardo~, romelic telekompania `imedis~ amave saxelwodebis gadacemis beWduri versiaa, mimdinare ivnisis nomerSi
dabeWda interviu gazeT `mamulis~ redaqtorTan manuCar kaWaxiZesTan. vfiqrobT, saintereso iqneboda es interviu Cveni gazeTis mkiTxvelebisaTvisac.
- iqneb ramodenime sityva
gviamboT Tqveni bavSvobis Sesaxeb?
- ar vici, gaxsovT Tu ara, magram
jiuti faqtia, rom maSindeli sabWoTa kavSiris uklebliv yvela gazeTi, sakavSiro Tu respublikuri,
auwyebda sazogadoebas Cems dabadebas. da ara marto Cems... CemTan
erTad Cemi ori tyupiscalis dabadebasac... Cvens dabadebas deda Seewira, maSin igi 20 wlis studenti
iyo... es 1979 wlis 25 marts moxda, zustad im dRes, roca didma manuCarma, maCaiZem, sakuTar dabadebis
dRes liverpulTan goli gaitana.
gadawyda, rom CemTvis manuCari daerqmiaT da ara tarieli, avTandili an fridoni. Cems tyupiscalebsac mouZebnes saxelebi ise, rom
sawyisi asoTagan Cveni gardacvlili
dedis saxeli, manana migveRo. aba,
daakvirdiT: man-uCari, an-zori, a-vTandili.
aseve bavSvobaSi gardamecvala mamac,
quTaisSi momxdari aviakatastrofis
Sedegad... sakmaod adreul asakSi
momiwia cxovrebis mxarze akideba...
14 wlisa quTaisSi gamomavali beWduri axalgazrduli gazeTis `aSrialis~ redaqtori gavxdi, Semdeg
Jurnali `jejilic~ aRvadgineT,
amas daemata gazeTebi `axalgazrda
quTaiseli~ da `axali saqarTvelo
21-e~, mokled bavSobidan aqa vzivar,
JurnalistikaSi...
- rogor moxvdiT amerikaSi?
ra mizniT waxvediT?
- ooo, es sruliad daugegmavad,
da me vityodi, eqspromtadac moxda... megobars surda amerikaSi gamgzavreba da daxmareba mTxova vizis
misaRebad. raRa gavagrZelo da, saWiroebam moiTxova, rom am vizitisaTvis delegaciis saxe migveca, konsulTan Sesvlac momiwia. axali
gardacvlili iyo kenedi umcrosi
da mec ra Tqma unda mivusamZimre,
vuTxari, rom marTlac gulsatkenia is sakraluri tragediebi, rac
saerTod am gvaris warmomadgenlebs
SeemTxvaT-meTqi. `am sami dRis manZilze pirveli adamiani xarT, visganac aseT Tbil samZimars vismeno~mi pasuxa. ai, yvelaferi mas Semdeg
moxda... `ojaxurma sabWom~ maiZula amerikaSi 6 TviT mainc wasvla...
mas Semdeg SemovrCi aqaurobas, 6
Tvec gavida da 6 welic!
- ratom gagiCndaT survili
amerikasa da kanadaSi qarTuli
gazeTi gamogecaT?
- es survili ki ara, aucilebloba iyo. 4 wlis winaT gamovida
qarTuli gazeTis `iveria~ pirveli
nomeri. igi araprofesionalebis mier
gakeTebuli, magram mainc qarTuli
gazeTi iyo... qarTul Srifts, qarTul sityvas aq Seufasebeli fasi
aqvs. saqarTveloSi SeiZleba gazeTis ubrad dagdebuli nagleji dainaxo, aq ver dainaxav! mkiTxveli
saTuTad ufrTxildeba TiToeul
gverds... `iveriis~ gamomcemelma redaqtorad mimiwvia, TiTqmis weliwadnaxevari vredaqtorobdi gazeT
`iverias~, uamravi mkiTxveli movizideT, Semdeg ki gazeTis datoveba
22
momiwia. es is dro iyo, roca redaqtorsa da gamomcemels Soris Sexedulebebi gaiyo da varCie, megobrobis gadasarCenad, gazeTi dametovebina. arc iyo weli gasuli, `SemomiCndnen~ megobrebi, mkiTxvelebi da
axali gazeTis daarseba vamcneT sazogadoebas. Semdeg `iveriamac~ Sewyvita gamosvla da davrCiT erTaderTni, am mravalricxovani emigrantebis imedad! dRes gazeTi `mamuli~
erTaderTi qarTuli gazeTia amerikasa da kanadaSi.
- ucxoeTSi qarTuli gazeTis gamocema seriozuli saq
saq-mea. Znelia es yvelaferi?
- advili arc Rvinis smaa... saqme
isaa, rom mkiTxvelTa siyvaruli
yvela problemas da dabrkolebas
gviadvilebs. gamova Tu ara gazeTis axali nomeri, satelefono zarebic umal iwyeba, zogi 12 wuTian
satelefono emociur Setyobinebas
gvitovebs da acremlebas Cven gvabralebs; zogi ki gvwers, rom fostalioni gaafrTxila, rom gazeTis
gamosvlis dRes pirvelad masTan
mivides; erTaderTi, rasac xSirad
gveubneba mkiTxveli, aris is, rom
isini nela kiTxuloben gazeTs, izogaven masalebs mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi wasakiTxad. gazeTma literaturuli, patriotuli xazi airCia,
amitomacaa mkiTxvelTa Soris cremlebi, - sixarulis, siamayis, monatrebis, tkivilis gulze mowolili
dardis naJuri.
am cremlebis gareSe ver viqarTvelebT. amitomacaa, rom vuZlebT
yvela siZneles... uaxloes xanSi
gazeTi gavrceldeba saqarTveloSic, okeanisgaRmidan SevaxsenebT Cvens
da-Zmebs mamulis fass.
- mxolod emigraciaSi mcxo
mcxo-vrebi qarTvelebi arian `mamulis~ mkiTxvelebi?
- gazeTi emigrantulia da amJamad mxolod amerikaSi vrceldeba.
minda giTxraT, rom amerikaSi qarTvel emigrantTa 4 Taoba arsebobs.
pirveli, 1921 wels safrangeTidan da inglisidan amerikaSi gamomaval gemze moxvedrili erovnuli
mTavrobis wevrebi, romelTa Soris
ramodenime warmomadgenelia darCenili.
meore Taoba, samamulo omis damTavrebis Semdeg sakoncetracio banakebSi moxvedrili qarTveli tyveebia. isini sabWoTa kavSiris mTavrobam moRalateebad gamoacxada; Sveicariidan, italiidan, safrangeTidan da germaniidan aq Camovidnen,
daojaxdnen (miuxedavad imisa, rom
saqarTveloSi hyavdaT col-Svili)
da axali cxovreba daiwyes. maTma
Svilebma ar ician qarTuli, ar
saubroben qarTulad, is ki arada,
mamebis umetesobasac daviwyniaT qarTulad kiTxva, da SemTxveviT imave
qalaqSi aRmoCenili axalgazrda qarTvelebi ukiTxaven sagazeTo masalebs telefonSi. es sxva dros
sasaubro da wignad dasaweri Temaa.
mesame Taoba sabWoTa kavSiris
ngreviT gaRebul sazRvrebSi gamosuli emigraciaa, kapitalizms `daxamebuli~ socialistebi.
ghjatcbbs ;ehyfkbcnb vfyexfh rfzf[b.t bv vhfdfkfsfcbfy mfhsdtksf ijhbcff tvbuhfynt,bc v.bvt
ndbhsbc pbldf hjv e[lt,fs+ vfs sbsmjc ydtkfathb fmds= vfuhfv fv y dtkfahbc erfy elbltcb
vjyfnht,f lf ctdlf bvfkt,f= hfw bctd lf bctd
cfmfhsdtkjc erfdibhlt,f+ vfyexfh rfzf[b.t fvthbrfib ufvjvfdfkb thsflthsb mfhsekb ufptsbc @vfvekbc# htlfmnjhbf+
saflavi movZebne. am kartoTekebSi Ziebisas sxva qarTvelTa saflavebsac wavawydi, niu-iorkis, Cikagos da
long-ailendis ZmaTa sasaflaoebze ganisveneben: dimitri jorjaZe, dimitri
zRouri, dimitri dumbrava, dimitri maWaraSvili,
givi gorgaZe, soso Cuba-
meoTxe Taoba Cven varT,
ekonomikuri siduxWiris
gamo `samSoblomonatrebulebi~, ojaxebidan `autSi~ myofni, romlebsac
wina sami Taobis emigrantebisgan gansxvavebiT samSobloSi dabrunebis
ufleba gvaqvs, neba ki
jer vera! gTxovT sworad gamigoT: `ara~ ki
ara, vera!
- gadacemaSi Tqv
Tqv-ens mier qarTvelTa
ucnobi saflavebis
Sesaxeb mopovebuli informa
informa-ciiT bevri dainteresda da
aman farTo gamoxmaureba hpova.
rogor moiZieT maT Sesaxeb
masalebi? iqneb gviTxraT gvarebic...
- minda vTqva, rom am saqmianobiT
daintereseba Tqvenma gadacemam `ar
idardom~ gadamawyvetina. es erTaderTi proeqtia `imedis~ telesivrceSi, romelic pasuxobs televiziisa da gadacemis saxelwodebasac,
qarTveli eris argadaSenebis imedsac gvaZlevs, da imasac gveubneba,
rom ar vidardoT.
qarTveli eris argadaSenebas-Tqo,
weRan vTqvi... is, rom warsuls viZiebT, tabudadebul Taroebze viqeqebiT, sisxlsa da xorcs veZebT,
qarTul miwas monatrebul ZvalTSesalags vpoulobT da qveyanas
vubrunebT, 58 wlis unaxav ZmisSvils vxvdebiT, uZirod gadagebuli kacis xatadmsgavs Svils vpoulobT da uimedo mSoblebs cxovrebis azrs vubrunebT, es eris, yovelgvari qarTulis, argadaSenebaa
da meti araferi.
amerikaSi gabneul qarTul saflavTa moZiebas me Cemi mSoblebis
monatrebul saflavebs da maT xsovnas vuZRvni. da kidev, vcdilob, rom
amerikaSi yofnis Sansi Cemi qveynis
sasikeTod gamoviyeno.
Tqvenma gadacemam da ramodenime
satelefoni zarma warsulSi cnobili moWidavis, 1939 wels amerikaSi emigrirebuli qarTvelis kolia qvarianis gansasvenaris Zebna
damawyebina. marTlac beWdaudebeli falavnis 25 wlis dakarguli
mamuli
laSvili, givi gabliani, oTar gociriZe, qeTevan J(j)ulabiSvili, dimitri SalikaSvili, mito sindikeli, dimitri paraskeva, amiran xuskivaZe, ekaterine golovaSvili, dimitri gunia, irakli kontriZe, nino
ZleliSvili, irakli menTeSvili, dimitri alaviZe, amiran mesxi, mixeil
sefiaSvili...
Tqvens redaqciasTan mWidro kavSirSi isev gavagrZelebT qarTuli
saflavebis moZiebas. nebismier adamians SeuZlia daukavSirdes `ar
idardos~ redaqcias, miawodos dakarguli winapris monacemebi, werilebis aslebi (Tuki aseTi arsebobs), dabadebis da gardacvalebis
TariRebi (Tuki cnobilia), nebismieri informacia, romelic SesaZloa
didi Zalis mqone aRmoCndes CvenTvis.
- rogor cxovrobs qarTveli axalgazrda Soreul ucxoeTSi? giWirT samSoblodan
Sors yofna da Tu apirebT
dabrunebas?
- Tu gaxsovs erTi filmi, Caplinis, misive monawileobiT, romeliRac qarxanaSi muSaobs, WanWikebs
uWers, ise mieCvia, rom qarxnis gareTac WanWikebis mosaWeradaa momarTuli... aseT grafikebSi varT Cvenc,
am siswrafes Tu fexi ar auwyve, gadagivlian, erTi da igives vakeTebT
saocrad tyup dReebSi. axalgazrdobis 3% swavlobs, 97% muSaobs,
bavSvebis momvlelebad, moxucTa uka-
nasknel imedad. zogi iseT adgilebze muSaoben, qalaqidan mowyvetilni arian, tyeebSi da mTebSi
cxovroben, erTaderTi kavSiri sazogadoebasTan telefonia, gazeTi
da is 2 Tu 4 gamosasvleli dRe
TveSi, romelsac qalaqSi Camosvlamde
gzaSi xarjaven. aqauri qarTvelebis es pleada samSobloze uzomod
Seyvarebulni, depresirebuli xalxia, udrood gaWaRaravebulni Tu
gamelotebulni, saqarTveloSi
glexs Tu koJrebi xelze aqvs, amaT
saxeze... ra gvaxarebs? patara imediani svlebic ki Cveni samSoblos
ukeTesi momavlisaken gadadgmuli.
am xalxma samSoblos fasTan erTad kanonis morCileba iswavla da
es didad gamoadgeba Cvens qveyanas.
- ramdenad Znelia qarTuli mentalitetiT amerikuli cxo-vrebis wesTan Segueba da am gadmosaxedidan rogoria saqarTvelo?
- ramdenad Zneliao, mekiTxebiT.
gipasuxebT: SeuTavsebeli da SeuZlebeli! saWmelis momzadebisas Tu
marili dagakldeba, mezoblis karebisaken arc unda gaixedo; gaWirvebis SemTxvevaSic ki saRamos 9 saaTis Semdeg amerikelTan darekva
SeiZleba Zviradac dagijdes; gzad
mimavalma xeli dauqnio manqanas, gamiyoleo, giJad monaTvlis tolfasia; aeroportis teritoriaze qarTulad gaxumreba, - ras mamowmeb,
bombi ki ara maqvso, karcerSi gagrilebas udris; da mTavari, wiTel
SuqniSanze gavla sasamarTloSi gamocxadebas da jarimas gavalebs, xolo meore SemTxvevaSi 6 TviT marTvis
uflebas gikrZalavs.
am gadmosaxedidan saqarTvelo Tavisuflebis nakrZalia. ici, rogori?
xmamaRla rom gaTqmevinebs: Tavisufleba suls ise moswyurda, viT daWrili irmebis gunds wyaro ankara!
- ra genatrebaT yvelaze Zalian?
- ra ar menatreba, es unda gekiTxaT... Cemi quTaisi menatreba, bagratze arbena, Semodgoma rusTavelis gamzirze, Teatri, speqtaklebi,
gamomcemloba `samSoblos~ win sagazeTo daxlis irgvliv saocrad
gansxvavebuli gazeTis qaRaldis sunic ki... qarTuli sufra, sulguniviT gawelili sadRegrZeloebi, cekvisas cerze Semdgari qarTvelobac...
marina cvetaevam miswera pasternaks: `me Cemi ruseTSi yofna menatrebao~. me Cavusworebdi, quTaisic
menatreba da Cemi quTaisSi yofnac!
- ras apirebT samomavlod?
- ras vapireb? am yovelive monatrebulTan Caxutebas. amaze meti survili ara maqvs da arc meqneba. aq
darCena? jer mase ar gavgiJebulvar!
tcfe,hf
VFRF LFHCFDTKB.T
@dwlbkj<= hjv fvthbrfib 'jaybc ifycb=
xtvb mdt'ybc cfcbrtsjl ufvjdb'tyj!#
a
i
z
e
o
p
s
i
k
a
l
e
d
Tea kan
dae, aiWras cad Cemi suli...
sveticxovelTan
erT dRes, saSinlad amtkivda suli
movdivar...
da saswauli vigrZeni sevda.
sveticxovelTan momawia siSavem Ramis.
vinatre gverdiT me megobari,
SevCerdi...
rom, Cemi sulis nadebi meTqva...
gulze Semomawva tkivili lamis,
marto aRmovCndi, kvlav Cems fiqrebTan,
davjeq da...
ra Zneli iyo is wuTi maSin,
muxli moviyare taZris win RamiT,
me ar mqonia aseTi gancda
Cemda uneburad,
da waviSine xelebi TavSi.
xeli Sevaxe - giorgis maxvils.
gareT gavvardi, rom daenama
wams SeSfoTebulma
mtirala wvimas - SeSlili saxe,
xelis SexebiT wmindanze albaT,
zecas avxede da SoriT, nislSi,
ukan davixie,
viRacis urCi Tvalebi vnaxe.
taZars, kedelze miveyrdne magrad.
me ar mqonia aseTi gancda gaocebuli
usasrulobis da marto STenis.
Sevyurebdi moxatul freskebs da
Tvalwin gaSlila ,es ca da miwa,
am qveyniurs,
sadRac samoTxe da jojoxeTi.
ver vxedavdi, taZarSi ferebs.
saidan! ratom! rodis! an risTvis!
da cis tatnobze,
rad gamaCina am qveynad RmerTma?!
gaielva mnaTobma mkrTalad
an, rogor vzido, es mZime tvirTi,
da ukuneTSi,
am pawawina mxrebiT, me - erTma.
Savi Winkebi gafanta sadRac...
rogor wamovdge fexze gaSlili,
da Ramis caze,
sayrdenad - codvis WaobSi vdgavarT.
gamobrWyinda mnaTobi svetad,
iqneb, vi povo me oazosi...
dabla daeSva,
iqneb, naTelTan sul axlosa varT...
taZars, gumbaTze daedga svetad...
iqneb, axloa zecisken kibe,
rad vsayvedurobT amisTvis ufals?!
da ra vixile,
sulis gawmendas, glova ki ara gamobrwyinda ciT angelozi,
qristes navali gzis povna unda.
SeiZra -ca
xeli gamiSviT! me am WaobSi,
da dedamiwa, igrgvina zecam.
ver gavCerdebi verc erTi wamiT.
kidiT - kidemda
dae, vi povo is gza, romelic,
gaielva mnaTobma yvelgan da
me amisrulebs didi xnis wadils.
suliwminda,
dae, aiWras cad Cemi suli,
gadmoeSva taZarze mtredad.
ram damabrkola andac aqamde,
da TeTri iyo,
ris maqnisia "es gza", romelsac,
im saRamos, midamo taZris,
marTlac ver mihyavs kaci taZramde.
ismoda irgvliv
Tuki, damlocavs zecad - ufali
bukis cema, galoba, locva...
da Tu gamigo, rac unda meTqva...
Sveba vigrZeni,
maS, rad ar vzido - es mZime tvirTi,
damiamda mtkivani guli,
Tund pawawina mxrebiT, mec, erTma.
uZlevelis win
moviyare codvilma muxli.
ox, orgulobav, ra siswrafiT miagelveb
yoveli gahqra...
Sekazmul cxenebs,
Tendeboda nel-nela Rame,
ra daundoblad artyam zurgze risxvis qartexils.
sveticxovlidan,
wamiT Sesdeqi! Seanele es Smagi srbolva!
ar mindoda gamosvla gareT.
an ganeride am kaeSans, Tavze datexils.
gaocebuli,
Torem, Senive umizno srbolva Segagdebs bzarze,
Sevyurebdi moxatul freskebs da Smagi gulisTqma dagikargavs rids da kaeSans...
am qveyniurs,
da Tu, naTel azrs SeeCexebi gzis dasaliers,
ver vxedavdi - taZarSi ferebs.
RvTis samarTali, mwevrebs isev Sensken dageSavs.
rogor viloco me ucxo cis qveS...
oRond, Seni sunTqva vigrZno yvrimalTan
da nazi TrTolva,
sxeulze Seni niavi frTebad Semomexvios,
oRond, Tund, erTxel damanaxva saxeba Seni,
Tund sizmareTSi, fardagad Seni miwa mefinos...
oRond, Tund erTxel maambora Sens wminda taZrebs
da "iavnana"-s tkbili hangi Camesmas locvad,
oRond, Tund erTxel - Semaxeda bednier qarTvels
da xatTan kdema-mosilebiT muxlmoyril mlocavs...
ox, netav erTxel Camesmas yurSi Seni "laSqruli",
"mravalJamier" - azanzarebdes mTebis qarafebs
da Tund xseneba daviTis xmlisa seravdes momxvdurT,
Tamaris droSis frialeba - ketdes darabebs...
me, saqarTvelov, natruli var, kvlav Seni xilvis,
Sengan Sors STenils nostalgiad Camsaxlebixar,
raRad viloco me, ucxo cis qveS, ucxo xatebTan,
Tuki Sen Cems suls - suliwmindad Camsaxlebixar
rogor viloco me, ucxo cis qveS... ucxo xatebTan...
monologi sakuTar TavTan...
avwon - davwonav, yvelas naTqvams da gaviazreb,
rogorc, naTqvams - brZeni kacisac.
TmeniT movismen maT saubars, Tundac - avisas.
magram, Tu vici, ra gziT vakeTo raime kargi,
me avasruleb Cems arsebaSi ganzraxul wadils.
radgan me "me" var, gangebam Cemi miboZa Wkua
da sadac waval, am naboZebiT unda viaro.
radgan, me "me" var da ar mCvevia, sxvebis enaze waRma - ukuRma, rom gaviaro.
da Tu, Cems WkuiT wavageb rames
da ekal - bardebs davigeb gzaze...
bedis ukuRma datrialebas Cems Tavs vabraleb.
man, amiria Wkva - gonebao, ar vityvi sxvaze.
siyvaruli ase mwams
Tund, pasuxi ver movZebno,
siyvaruli - RmerTsa hgavs.
idumali RvTaebaa,
ase mjera, ase mwams.
fafar-aSlil raSs magonebs,
mZvinvarebiT - musons hgavs,
fskerze iTrevs gzaze Semxvdurs,
ase mjera, ase mwams.
Tund, Cits hgavdes frTa motexils,
saTnoebiT - mtredsa hgavs,
suls simSvides moaniWebs,
ase mjera, ase mwams.
zogjer, tkbili maWaria,
zedaSea, wyurvils klavs,
Tilismaa, dagatyvevebs,
ase mjera, ase mwams.
zogi misiT ibadeba,
sicocxlea, zRapars hgavs,
zogSi saxlobs viT demoni,
ase mjera, ase mwams.
ver gavige ra yofila,
acocxlebs Tu kacsa klavs...
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EKA MAISURADZE, NINO KHABELASHVILI (Editor in Germany),
KATE KARALASHVILI, GEORGE BAKRADZE (Editor in Canada).
Ceki an mani orderebi M. KATCHAKHIDZE Co saxelze gaformebuli unda gamoagzavnoT Semdeg misamarTze:
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