Mamuli No. 82
Title
Mamuli No. 82
extracted text
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Jurnalis am nomers patara
lazare SalutaSvili
Cuqnis qarTvel emigrantebs
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vin aris populistebi
romlebic imarjveben?
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vin aris is xalxi
vinc trampi airCia?
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pirveli qali
parlamentarebi
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iluzioni kabadonebSi
`vestsaiduri ambavi~
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pavle ingoroyva
daviwyebuli madloba
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vin mokla
mixa xelaSvili?
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werili
RmerTs
26
nanuli cxvedianis
anarekli sarkedan
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romani JurnalSi
manuCar kaWaxiZis `saba~
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TbilisSi, taqsiT mgzavrobisas dausrulebeli sacobi
Segxvda... meCqareboda da gavifiqre, ox, neta gadamafrinameTqi, magram ras warmovidgendi mZRoli Tu mgzavrebis
fiqrebs kiTxulobda. sapirispiro xazSi gadavediT, mivapobdiT da daubrkoleblad vlaxavdiT kilometrebs, vuvlidiT
gverds sacobSi asobiT patiosnad mdgar manqanas.
wamoviwie mZRolisken, rom meTqva, uxerxulia, iqneb
sxvasac unda gafrena da modi, axla sxvisi jeri iyos-Tqo,
rom Semxvedri manqanac gamoCnda.
moulodnelobiT SeSinebulma mZRolma Zlivs agviara
gverdi da xeliT aniSna Cvens taqss, „ras akeTeebo~. Cvenma
mZRolma „mamakacuri~, gawelili xmiT Cailaparaka „ra
xelebs miqnev, biWoo~ da ucvlelad ganagrZo gza..
da ai, maSin mivxvdi mTavars..
namdvili qarTvelobis xibli swored „prowivze~ siarulSia. am dros Cans mTeli Cveni erovnuli simdidre: qarTveli kacis moxerxebuloba, siTamame, Rirseba, Tavmomwoneoba, uSiSroba, gmiroba....
zolidan zolSi gadava-gadmova, gauswrebs-gamouswrebs,
trotuarze ava, Tu amanac ar gaamarTla, sapirispiro zolSi gadava da aCvenebs klass sacobSi morCilad mdgar manqanebs. „prowivze~ mimavali sakuTar gzaze momaval manqanas
ar SeuSindeba da gzasac daaTmobinebs.
Tu vinme ukmayofilo saxiT, xelebis qneviT SebRalavs
mis Rirsebas, manqanidan gadmoiyvanas da yvelas dasanaxad
auxsnis, rom „prowivze~ saTamaSod ar aris gadmosuli...
mis gazCayenebul „biemdablius~ Tqven ar iciT ra SeuZlia. xoda, „prowivze~ gasuli magasac dagimtkicebT...
220-240-iT mimavalma icis, rom SeiZleba ar gaumarTlos,
magram is mainc icis, rom winaprebis msgavsad, gmirulad
da daiRupeba. ase urCevnia sacobSi morCilad dgomas.
da ase yoveldRe vkargavT qarTvel gmirebs.
mouTmenlobisTvis, usargeblo uSiSrobisTvis, sasacilo
simamacisTvis, kreditiT nayidi manqaniT Tavis mowonebisTvis,
kai ti pobisTvis...
da ase yoveldRe:
magistrali...
mere sacobi magistralze..
mere ZarRvebSi mowolili qarTveloba..
mere... 200..
mere 240
da mere....
sxvi Svili... sxvisi deda... sxvisi Zma...
sxvisi erTaderTi naTesavi...
sxvisi saukeTeso megobari...
...sxvisi sakuTar qorwilSi mimavali coli...
sxvisi jer ar dabadebuli Svili...
da ase yoveldRe...
Zvirfaso gmirebo, Cven ar gvinda gmiruli sikvdili...
mSoblebTan yofna gvirCevnia...
jer Svilebi gvyavs gasazrdeli...
umcros Zmas kalaTburTis TamaSis swavlas SevpirdiT...
patarZlebi axal cxovrebas viwyebT da...
gmirobisTvis ar gvcalia...
male mamebi gavxdebiT da... modi, gmiroba mere iyos...
skolas vamTavrebT, profesia gvaqvs asarCevi...
jer mucelSi varT, arc ki davbadebulvarT da gmiroba
ar viciT ra aris...
xoda, #iarenela Cveni sicocxlisTvis!!!
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SemecnebiT-sazogadoebrivi
Jurnali amerikaSi
`14(82)
marti,
2017
manuCar kaWaxiZe
EDITOR&PUBLISHER MANUCHAR KATCHAKHIDZE
mTavari redaqtori
garekanze:
`es gza taZramde midis?~
kemos ilustracia.
Cveni partnioria:
asaval-dasavali
mogvwereT: PO Box 13121, Jersey City, NJ 07303
tel.: 1-347-724-0770; Tbilisidan: 2-420-320
elfosta: mamuliusa@gmail.com; www.mamuli.com
Jurnali akrebilia, dakabadonebulia,
dabeWdilia da akinZulia SeerTebul
StatebSi da am nomris gamocemis dros
warmoadgens erTaderT emigrantul,
qarTul gamocemas a.S.S.-Si.
giorgi cxadaia
blogeri
dRes dasavleTSi populistebi
xalxs arwmuneben, rom yvelafris Tavi
da Tavi eri-saxelmwifos dasustebaSi
unda veZeboT. sinamdvileSi ki eri-saxelmwifos dasusteba mxolod problemis simptomia. Tavad problemis arsi
ki globaluri kapitalizmis mowyobaSia saZebneli. am problemis gadaWras
upirveles yovlisa nacionalisturi
SiSebisa da agresiis gverdze gadadeba
da civi gonebiT moqmedeba sWirdeba.
Tanamedrove demokratiul samyaroSi
erTgvari kataklizmuri periodi daiwyo. aSS-Si 2017 wlis 20 ianvars konservatori populisti miliarderi donald trampi qveynis 45-e prezidenti
gaxda. evropaSi konservatoruli populisturi moZraobebi TiTqmis yvela
qveyanaSi aRmavlobis gzaze arian. maT
ukve moaxerxes britaneTis referendumSi gamarjveba, ris gamoc gaerTianebuli
samefo datovebs evrokavSirs. maT lamis gaimarjves avstriis saprezidento arCevnebSi, sadac erTmaneTs upirispirdebodnen damoukidebeli kandidati aleqsander van der beleni (mwvaneTa partiis wevri) da populisturi
„avstriis Tavisuflebis partiis~ kandidati norbert hoferi. hoferi gavida arCevnebis meore turSi, sadac xmebis
46.2 % moagrova da damarcxda. am
damarcxebis miuxedavad, mis mier miRweuli Sedegi mainc STambeWdavia, radgan
vin arian
romlebic
populistebi,
imarjveben
da ra undaT?
gamodis, rom qveynis naxevarze cota
naklebma misca xma.
analogiuri procesebi mimdinareobs
safrangeTSi. populisti marin le peni
udidesi albaTobiT gadava respublikel fransua fiionTan erTad 2017
wlis 23 aprilis saprezidento arCevnebis meore turSi, sadac ukve Zneli
saTqmelia, romeli gaimarjvebs. italiaSi centristuli populisturi moZraoba, yofili komikosis bepe grilos
xelmZRvanelobiT, erovnuli donis ar-
Cevnebze ukve agrovebs xmebis 20 %-ze
mets. italiis 4 dekembris sakonstitucio referendumSi memarcxene centristuli partiis winadadebis damarcxebis Semdeg, am moZraobas gaZlierebis meti SesaZlebloba aqvs.
jerjerobiT konservatoruli populizmis yovlismomcveli talRa ar
Sexebia germanias (germaniis mTavari
populisturi partia „alternativa germaniisTvis~ jer kidev Sors aris
gamarjvebisgan), magram Tu evrokavSi-
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ris wamyvan qveynebSi populistebma gaimarjves, es aucileblad moaxdens gavlenas germaniis Sida politikazec.
am yvelafris fonze SeiZleba gaCndes kiTxva, Tu vin arian es populistebi, romlebic imarjveben da ra undaT.
pirvel rigSi daviwyeb imis ganmartebiT, Tu ras vgulisxmob termin
„populizmSi~. „populizmi~ am statiaSi aRniSnavs iseTi popularuli mowodebebiT gamosvlas, romlebsac zurgs
ar umagrebs movlenebis realisturi
Sefaseba da ar aris orientirebuli
problemebis racionaluri gadaWris
gzaze. populistebi, rogorc wesi, aseve
iyeneben mosaxleobis garkveuli nawilis SiSebs gansxvavebuli eTnikuri,
religiuri da sxva saxis umciresobebis mimarT, imisaTvis, rom adamianis
uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi SezRudon.
am statiaSi vecdebi populistebis
ekonomikuri dapirebebi da programebi
ganvixilo. maT mier kulturuli izolacionizmis qadagebis analizs ki momavlisTvis gadavdeb.
Tanamedrove dasavluri populizmis
gasagebad trampis magaliTs aviReb.
trampi SesaniSnavad gamoxatavs Tanamedrove konservatoruli populizmis
arss:
1. is ewinaaRmdegeba imigracias, rasac zogjer ekonomikuri mizeziT amarTlebs (mag. ambobs, rom imigrantebi adgilobriv mosaxleobas samuSao adgilebs
arTmeven), zogjer - rasistuli da
Sovinisturi argumentebiT (mag. moiTxovs imas, rom muslimebs aekrZaloT
aSS-Si Sesvla, an amtkicebs, rom eTnikurad meqsikeli adamiani ver iqneba samarTliani mosamarTle da a.S.);
2. trampi ewinaaRmdegeba globalizacias, radgan miiCnevs, rom globalizacia arTmevs amerikel muSebs samuSao
adgilebs;
3. globalizaciis winaaRmdeg igi
apirebs proteqcionistuli zomebis
gatarebas (tarifebisa da kvotebis dawesebas importze, aseve im amerikuli
kompaniebis dasjas, romlebic sxva qveynebSi gadaitanen warmoebas);
4. trampis sagadasaxado politika
arc memarjvenea da arc memarcxene. is
apirebs gadasaxadebis Semcirebas faqtobrivad yvelasTvis, maT Soris yvelaze metad - mdidrebisTvis, magram amave
dros, ar gegmavs saxelmwifo xarjebis
Semcirebas, rasac aucileblad mohyveba sagareo valis zrda. (memarjveneebi,
rogorc wesi, gadasaxadebis SemcirebasTan erTad saxelmwifo xarjebsac amcireben, radgan sagareo valis winaaRmdeg
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gamodian; memarcxeneebi, rogorc wesi,
maRali progresuli gadasaxadebis da
yovlismomcveli saxelmwifo socialuri programebis momxreebi arian.)
trampis bolo winadadeba rom populisturia, amaze didxans aRar SevCerdebi (wesiT, isedac cxadia, rom amas Sedegad astronomiuli sididis sagareo
valis daxvaveba SeiZleba mohyves). ufro metad imaze gavamaxvileb yuradRebas,
Tu ratom aris globalizaciis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli misi gegma populisturi.
globalizaciis winaaRmdeg trampiseuli galaSqreba populisturia ori
TvalsazrisiT: pirveli, mas win ar uZRvis arsebuli mdgomareobis realisturi Sefaseba da meore, Sesabamisad,
problemis gadaWris gzis yvelaze ararealisturi gzaa SemoTavazebuli.
is, rom amerikeli muSebi veRar
arian ise stabilurad dasaqmebulebi,
rogorc industriuli epoqis pikis
dros iyvnen, mxolod imiT ki ar aris
gamowveuli, rom samuSao adgilebi
globalizaciis Sedegad mesame msoflios qveynebSi gadavida, aramed imiTic,
rom industriuli seqtoris (da ara
mxolod industriulis) mzardi avtomatizacia mimdinareobs. rogorc nobelis premiis laureati, amerikeli ekonomisti jozef stiglici SeniSnavs:
„globalizacia problemis mxolod
nawilia. moxda teqnologiuri garRvevebi da am axal realobasTan adaptireba rTuli gamodga. warmoSobiT me
var indianis Statidan qalaq geridan.
es aris foladis mwarmoebeli patara
qalaqi. Cven axla zustad imden folads vawarmoebT, ramdensac saukeTeso
wlebSi vawarmoebdiT, ubralod, amisTvis adre dasaqmebuli muSebis raodenobis erTi meeqvsedi gvWirdeba.~
stiglics imis Tqma surs, rom msgavsi situaciaa industriuli seqtoris
bevr dargSi: warmoebis moculoba ucvlelia da zogjer bevrad aRemateba
Zvel maCveneblebs, magram am kompaniebSi dasaqmebuli muSebis ricxvi klebulobs. gaTavisuflebuli muSebis nawili axal unarebs iZens (zog qveyanaSi
saxelmwifo aqtiurad aris CarTuli
muSebisTvis axali profesiuli unarebis da codnis miwodebaSi, magram ZiriTadad es ufro metad evropis im qveynebSi xdeba, sadac saxelmwifo aqtiurad ereva SromiTi bazris regulirebaSi. aSS-Si amgvari Carevis tradicia
SedarebiT sustia) da sxva dargebis
kompaniebSi gadadis, nawili droebiT,
dabal xelfasze da arastabilurad
saqmdeba (ekonomistebi da sociologebi
aseT, arastabilurad dasaqmebul Rarib muSebs uwodeben „prekariats~. prekariati, rogor wesi, iRebs dabal anazRaurebas, is mudmivad samsaxuridan gaSvebis safrTxis winaSea da ar aqvs janmrTelobis dazRvevis garantiebi), nawili
ki umuSevaria da saxelmwifosgan socialur daxmarebas iRebs (saqarTvelosgan gansxvavebiT, dasavleTis qveynebSi
saxelmwifo dausaqmebel xalxs umuSevrobis daxmarebas uniSnavs). mxolod
Zalian mcire nawili Tu aRwevs gansakuTrebul warmatebas - imas, rasac adre amerikaSi „amerikul ocnebas~ uwodebdnen.
avtomatizaciis procesi ar SeCerdeba, radgan teqnologiuri garRvevebis ricxvi eqsponencialurad izrdeba.
SarSan oqsfordis universitetis mkvlevarebma gamoaqveynes saintereso kvleva, sadac sxvadasxva profesiis avtomatizaciis riski Seafases. am siaSi avtomatizaciis maRali riskis Semcvel
profesiebad, sxvebTan erTad, moxseniebulia: mZRolebi (TviTmarTvadi avtomobilebi sul ufro da ufro metad gadmodis fantastikis sferodan realobaSi. 2016 wlis seqtemberSi erT-erT
regionul amerikul gamocemaSi, aSSis prezidentma barak obamam gamoaqveyna
werili, romelSic TviTmarTvadi manqanebis momavalze da masTan dakavSirebul
sikeTeebsa da safrTxeebze saubrobs),
gayidvebis konsultantebi da menejerebi da molareebi (bevr dawesebulebaSi
ukve specialuri avtomatebis meSveobiT xorcieldeba fuladi operaciebi).
aseve, am kvlevis Tanaxmad, gagrZeldeba
da ufro gaRrmavdeba industriul
seqtorSi avtomatizacia, rac am sferoSi dasaqmebuli tradiciuli muSaTa
klasis ricxvs kidev ufro metad Seamcirebs.
avtomatizaciasTan erTad, ekonomikuri globalizaciac aris damnaSave
imaSi, rom Tanamedrove kapitalizmi
mudmivad warmoSobs struqturul umuSevrobas. globalizacia problemis
mxolod erTi nawilia. misi gavlena
eri-saxelmwifoebis ekonomikebze Semdegnairad SeiZleba SevafasoT: kapitali mudmivad eZebs saxelmwifos, sadac
iafi da disci plinirebuli muSaxeli,
naklebi regulacia da ekonomikuri ganviTarebiT dainteresebuli mTavrobaa.
bolo ori aTwleulis manZilze
aseTi idealuri qveyana CineTi iyo
ramdenime mizezis gamo: pirveli, CineTi
avtoritaruli saxelmwifoa da, Sesabamisad, muSaTa klasis moTxovnebi am
qveyanaSi didwilad represirebulia;
meore, Cinuri kultura aqcents Tavdauzogav Sromasa da swavlaze akeTebs;
mesame, CineTSi garemos dacvis regulaciebi minimaluria (ramac CineTis zogierTi qalaqi da regioni SeiZleba ekologiuri katastrofis winaSe daayenos); da CineTSi mTavroba dainteresebulia ekonomikuri ganviTarebiT. CineTis saxelmwifo infrastruqturuli
da sxva saxis proeqtebiT mudmivad
xels uwyobs kerZo seqtoris saqmianobas. (aq erTi mniSvnelovani da aRsaniSnavi detalia is, rom CineTi Sereuli
ekonomikaa, rac imas niSnavs, rom am
qveyanaSi saxelmwifo bevri mniSvnelovani sawarmos mflobelia. am TvalsazrisiT is unikalur SemTxvevad SeiZleba
miviCnioT - Tanamedrove kapitalizmis
umTavres beneficiar saxelmwifod, romelic Tavisufali bazris dogmatikas
bolomde ar emorCileba.)
globalizaciis am uaryofiT mxares
specialistebi uwodeben „rbolas fskerisken~. es metafora kargad aRwers
imas, Tu rogor ejibrebian saxelmwifoebi erTmaneTs muSaxelis xelovnurad
„gaiafebaSi~. mis SesaCereblad erTi
romelime saxelmwifos Zalisxmeva ar
kmara. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, „rbolisgan~ mTlianad gamoTiSva TiTqmis
SeuZlebelia. mTlianad gamosaTiSad
saWiroa Tavad „rbolis~ TamaSis wesebis xelaxla dawera, rasac saxelmwifoTa koleqtiuri Zalisxmeva sWirdeba.
evrokavSiris wevr qveynebSi populistebi ZiriTadad evrokavSirs da mis
mier Seqmnil Tavisufal bazars abraleben umuSevrobas da SromiTi standartebis dawevas, magram isini, pirvel rigSi,
swored imas ar iTvaliswineben, rom
calkeuli eri-saxelmwifo sxva saxel-
mwifoebis daxmarebis gareSe ver aRudgeba win uzarmazari globaluri bazris
moTxovnebs.
globaluri bazris moTxovnebis mTlianad ugulebelyofa erTpirovnulad
verc amerikis msgavs supersaxelmwifos
ZaluZs. miT umetes, SeuZlebelia amis
bolomde warmatebiT ganxorcieleba
im arasistemuri meTodebiT, riTic trampi xelmZRvanelobs. trampi arCevidan
sam kviraSi estumra indianis Statis
qalaq indianapoliss, imisaTvis, rom
aReniSna Tavisi gamarjveba kompania Carrier Corporation-is saqmeSi. es kompania
apirebda Tavisi warmoebis meqsikaSi
gadatanas, rasac 1000-ze meti samuSao
adgilis dakargva mohyveboda indianaSi. trampis gundma gadasaxadebis Semcirebis dapirebiT, kompania daarwmuna,
rom didwilad mainc SeenarCunebina
Tavisi warmoeba amerikaSi. trampi aseve
daemuqra im firmebs, romlebsac aSSis Tavdacvis saministros, pentagonTan
aqvT kontraqtebi, rom daumorCileblobis SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifo maTTan
aRar iTanamSromlebda.
amis paralelurad ukve Cndeba imis
niSnebi, rom aseTi individualisturi
da arasistemuri midgoma yovelTvis
ver imuSavebs. magaliTad, cnobili iPhone-ebis da MacBook-ebis mwarmoebeli
kompania „efli~ (Apple) indoeTSi apirebs axali sawarmos gaxsnas. `efli~
amerikuli kompaniaa da misi es nabiji
trampis deklarirebul politikas ewinaaRmdegeba. mediaSi gaJona „eflis~
aRmasrulebeli direqtoris tim kukis
(Tim Cook) mier Tavisi TanamSromlebisTvis gagzavnilma mesijma, romelSic
kuki amarTlebs Tavis yofnas trampis
mier mowyobil Sexvedraze: „Zalian mniS-
vnelovania (CarTva), mTavrobebs SeuZliaT gavlena moaxdinon Cvens qmedebebze.
maT SeuZliaT dadebiTi da arc Tu ise
dadebiTi gavlenis moxdena... Cven CaverTvebiT, rodesac veTanxmebiT da ar CaverTvebiT, rodesac ar veTanxmebiT...
Cven davicavT imas, risic gvwams... da
asec gavagrZelebT.~
kukis sityvebi imis maniSnebelia,
rom proteqcionistuli politika garantirebul Sedegebs iseT Zlevamosil
saxelmwifosac ki ver miscems, rogoric amerikaa. Zalian Znelia kompaniebs
dauSalo sxva qveynebSi investiciebis
ganxorcieleba, Tu isini amiT uzarmazar
mogebas naxuloben. isini ukan mxolod
im SemTxvevaSi daabruneben warmoebas,
Tuki mSobliur qveyanaSi garkveuli
ekonomikuri stimulebi iqneba Seqmnili
- magaliTad, Tu mSobliur qveyanaSi
muSaxelis fasi imdeni iqneba, ramdenic,
magaliTad, meqsikaSi an CineTSia, an,
alternatiul SemTxvevaSi, Tuki mSobliur qveyanaSi saxelmwifo muSebis
profesiul ganviTarebasa da socialur
dacvas gansakuTrebiT maRal doneze
uzrunvelyofs (rasac namdvilad ver
vityviT aSS-zec, Tu SedarebisTvis centraluri evropis da skandinaviis qveynebs aviRebT).
trampiseuli proteqcionizmis winaaRmdeg kidev erTi mniSvnelovani argumenti isic aris, rom rac unda gasakviri iyos, zogierTi kvlevis mixedviT,
aSS ukve aris msoflios yvelaze proteqcionistuli saxelmwifo (aSS rom
Tavisufali vaWrobis sanimuSo magaliTad mohyavT, imaT es faqti gansakuTrebiT gaukvirdebaT). ufro meti proteqcionistuli zomis gatarebam, naklebad
savaraudoa, rom xelSesaxebi Sedegi
7
moitanos.
am yvelaferTan erTad, ori ram unda
gaviTvaliswinoT: pirveli, is faqti,
rom „rbola fskerisken~ arsebobs, aucileblad ar niSnavs imas, rom nebismieri
ganviTarebadi qveyana avtomaturad gaxdeba uxvi investiciebis mimRebi obieqti, da meore, mdidari qveynebisTvis
aucilebeli ar aris maincdamainc SromiTi standartebis qvemoT daweva (amis
gakeTeba raRac azriT SeuZlebelic
aris) da mkacri savaWro proteqcionistuli zomebis gatareba globalizaciasTan da avtomatizaciasTan gasamklaveblad. globaluri bazris logikasTan nawilobriv mainc gamklaveba (vinaidan SevTanxmdiT, rom srulad gamklaveba individualur doneze SeuZlebelia) alternatiuli, araxisti gzebiTac aris SesaZlebeli, risi danaxvac centraluri evropisa da skandinaviis qveynebis magaliTze SegviZlia.
pirveli faqtis sailustraciod
saqarTvelos magaliTis moyvanac sakmarisia. saqarTveloSi SromiTi standartebi ukiduresad dabal donezea,
minimaluri xelfasi faqtobrivad ar
aris, garemos dacvis regulaciebis
mudmivad arRveven kompaniebi, profkavSirebi ararsebulia da gadasaxadebi
Zalian dabalia (memarjvene partiebi
ki ufro qvemoT dawevas moiTxoven,
magram ukve imdenad dabalia gadasaxadebi, rom mxolod gauqmebaRa Tu iqneba Semdegi nabiji). amis miuxedavad,
jerjerobiT arc erT seriozul multinacionalur korporacias ar ganuxorcielebia saqarTveloSi seriozuli investicia. amis mizezi is aris,
rom bevris TvalSi Cveni regioni ukiduresad arastabiluria, rogorc geopolitikurad, ise politikuri TvalsazrisiT (mudmivi Sida areulobis
safrTxe). bevr bizness stabiluroba
da grZelvadiani perspeqtiva aranakleb ainteresebs, ufro metad Tu ara,
vidre dabali gadasaxadebi an iafi
muSaxeli. Sesabamisad, rodesac saqme
saqmeze midgeba, viRacas urCevnia meti
investicia ganaxorcielos CexeTSi, sadac muSaxeli ufro Zviria da gadasaxadebi ufro maRalia, vidre saqarTveloSi. (aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom
regionSi stabilurobis problema iqamde iqneba, sanam ruseTi mudmiv konfrontacias ar Sewyvets dasavleTTan
da mezobeli qveynebis, gansakuTrebiT,
evropuli qveynebis suverenitets safrTxes ar Seuqmnis. Cven SegviZlia
maqsimumi gavakeToT da yvelanairad
ganvmuxtoT daZabuli situacia, mag-
8
ram problemas verasdros aRmovfxvriT,
radgan misi saTave kremlis sagareo
politikaSia.)
meore SeniSvna is aris, rom mdidari qveynebisTvis gadasaxadebis Semcireba, socialur saxelmwifoze uaris
Tqma da xisti savaWro proteqcionizmi gamosavali yovelTvis ar aris.
amis saukeTeso magaliTi skandinaviis
da centraluri evropis qveynebia. maT
moaxerxes is, rom SeinarCunes TavianTi moqalaqeebis socialuri dacvis
meqanizmebi ise, rom ekonomikur ganviTarebasac ar Seuqmnes safrTxe. maTi
warmatebis gasaRebi is aris, rom am
qveynebSi saxelmwifo mudmivad akontrolebs ekonomikaSi momxdar cvlilebebs, muSebs sTavazobs gadamzadebis
farTomasStabian programebs da xelmisawvdom umaRles ganaTlebas (maT
Soris, profesiul ganaTlebas) da kerZo
kompaniebTan mudmivad gadis konsultaciebs msoflio bazarze konkurenciis dasaZlevad (magaliTisTvis, germanul „SpigelSi~ ramdenime kviris
win gamoqveynda saintereso statia, sadac saubaria imaze, rom germaniis mTavroba cdilobs ubiZgos germanul avtoindustriis gigantebs, waaxalison
eleqtronuli manqanebis ganviTareba,
imisaTvis, rom msoflio bazarze poziciebi ar dakargon).
skandinaviis da centraluri evropis qveynebi, paralelurad, avtomatizaciis problemis gadaWrazec fiqroben. 2016 wlis ivnisSi SveicariaSi
gaimarTa referendumi imis Sesaxeb, unda
SemoeRoT Tu ara universaluri sabaziso Semosavali. marTalia, referendumSi mosaxleobis 77 %-ma uari Tqva
iniciativaze, magram misma wamoyenebam
avtomatizaciis Temaze diskusiis gafarToebas Seuwyo xeli. universaluri sabaziso Semosavlis ukan dgas
idea, rom Tanamedrove samyaroSi, sadac avtomatizacia gardauvalia, umjobesi iqneba, Tu teqnologiuri garRvevebis Sedegad miRebuli SemosavliT yvela adamians Rirseuli cxovrebisTvis sabaziso pirobebs SevuqmniT. amiT ara mxolod adamianebis
socialur saWiroebebs davakmayofilebT, aramed ekonomikasac SevuwyobT
xels, radgan umuSevar moqalaqeebs saSualebas mivcemT, saTanadod moemzadon axali profesiebis asaTviseblad.
jerjerobiT, aravin icis, Tu sabolood ra formas miiRebs es idea, magram
mis gamocdaze saubari ukve seriozulad mimdinareobs. magaliTad, fineTis
parlamentma dekemberSi wamoiwyo is-
toriuli eqsperimenti, romelic saSualebas mogvcems gavigoT, Tu rogor SeiZleba imuSaos msgavsma sistemam erTi qveynis masStabiT. am sistemis saintereso analizi mocemulia
amerikuli „forbsis~ damoukidebeli
avtoris statiaSi. isic gvevlineba
ideis mxardamWerad da amtkicebs, rom
es sqema garkveuli formiT xels Seuwyobs dasaqmebis SesaZleblobebis waxalisebas.
amgvarad, skandinaviisa da centraluri evropis qveynebi msoflio bazris logikis winaaRmdeg ki ar midian
(rasac trampi apirebs Tavisi proteqcionistuli politikiT), aramed am
logikas Tavis sasargeblod iyeneben.
meore mxriv, individualisturi nabijebiT msoflio bazris logikisTvis
mTlianad gverdis avla mainc SeuZlebel amocanad rCeba. miuxedavad imisa,
rom proteqcionizmiviT damRupveli
ar aris, centralur-evropuli da skandinaviuri strategiac, imis gamo, rom
Tavisi arsiT nacionalisturi da individualisturia (individualisturi im azriT, rom uSvebs, rom calke
aRebul erT er-saxelmwifos SeuZlia
mTlianad gadaurCes globaluri bazris gamowvevebs) sistemur gamowvevebs yovelTvis ver upasuxebs. magaliTad, swored germaniisTvis axla
gadamwyveti momentia damdgari, radgan
Tuki evrokavSiri daiSleba, is mniSvnelovan gasaRebis bazars dakargavs
da ukiduresad dazaraldeba. sxva qveynebSi agorebuli proteqcionistuli
talRa masze aucileblad moaxdens
uaryofiT gavlenas (amitomac axla
germaniis mTavroba gansakuTrebiT SeSfoTebuli da gaRizianebulia britaneTis referendumis SedegebiT).
germaniis msgavsi safrTxe emuqreba evrokavSiris sxva qveynebsac, radgan Tu es erToba daiSleba (romelic,
gulwrfelad Tu vityviT, idealurisgan
Zalian Sorsaa), marto darCenili erisaxelmwifoebi globalur bazarTan
brZolaSi aucileblad dazaraldebian. dRes dasavleTSi populistebi
xalxs arwmuneben, rom yvelafris Tavi da Tavi eri-saxelmwifos dasustebaSi unda veZeboT. sinamdvileSi ki
eri-saxelmwifos dasusteba mxolod
problemis simptomia. Tavad problemis arsi ki globaluri kapitalizmis mowyobaSia saZebneli. am problemis gadaWras upirveles yovlisa nacionalisturi SiSebisa da agresiis
gverdze gadadeba da civi gonebiT moqmedeba sWirdeba.
~
vin aris is `xalxi~, vinc
trampi airCia
gasaocaria
gasaocaria, magram am wyvilis ase
gaberili da msoflio mniSvnelobis
donemde ayvanili Widili, sruli azrobrivi sixistisa da moaruli socialuri cneba/terminebis sicocxle moklebul enobriv doneze ganixileba. is
movlena ki, romlis konteqstSic es
arCevnebi mxolod simptomuri niSania,
samyaros yvelaze ze-maStaburi vitaluri procesis amsaxvelia; bevrad didis,
vidre raime politikuri movlena an
viTareba aqamde arsebobda. amitom am
arCevnebis stereoti pebis saSualebiT
ganxilva, anu drosa da sivrceSi konkretul/adgilobriv, socialur/politikuri warmodgenebis CarCoebSi moqceva,
swored sicocxlis yvelaze cxovelmyofelad amsaxveli faqtis mkvlelobaa
eniT, enaSi da mxolod enisTvis.
am movlenasTan kavSirSi seriozuli
filosofosebis Segnebuli gancxadebebi
TvalSi ar momxvedria - mxolod JiJekis ususuri, arafris mTqmeli da suzan
zontagis samarcxvinod brtyeli Sefaseba wavikiTxe, Tanac Zalian usiamovno,
provokaciuli daboloebiT.
Tu momxdaris yvelaze zustad daxasiaTdeba movindomeT, albaT unda vTqvaT, rom es movlena kuriozuli da gamaogneblad ambivalenturia: anu, srulyofili demokratiuli proceduriT,
sruliad arademokratiuli faseulobebis matarebeli pretendenti iqna arCeuli;
ra SeiZleba iyos ufro saxaliso?!
saxelmwifoSi demokratiis yvelaze
aSkara warmatebis maniSnebelma - demokratiuli arCevnebis meqanizmma, Tavis
mSobel demokratiul suliskveTebas
veraferi SesZina SesaSuri!
aris ki demokratiuli suliskveTebis survili saTaveSi briyvi eqscentriki dgoma? ara. aris ki socialisturi moZRvrebis eTikis survili qveyanaSi totalitarizmis damyareba? ara.
arada, aseTi Sedegebi ganuwyvetliv
iCens Tavs, Cvens axal istoriaSi. aqedan
maqsima: humanuri idea gansxeulebis
process ver axorcielebs, radgan keTili arakeTil sazogadoebaSi keTilis meSveobiT sikeTes ver amkvidrebs,
ZaladobiT ki, keTili TviTon auqmebs
sikeTis arss - ese igi, sakuTar Tavs.
aseTia dResdReobiT samyaros xari-
gansxvavebuli pozicia
sxi da amasTan gviwevs saqmis Wera.
magram arCevnebs davubrundeT, romelmac gonier Tvals Svebac mohgvara:
- kidev erTxel da, mgoni, axla sabolood gaqarwylda konspiraciuli Teoriebis da isTebliSmentis ze-simZlavris miTi. anu, ze-struqturebis aRviraSvebuli ze-gavlenebis arsebobis zRaprebi (Cveneburad/qarTulad: `midi ra
yvelaferi Cawyobilia~). es bevrs metyvelebs da am movlenis Zalian pozitiuri mxarea! arCevnebi moigo tramalis mgelma (ukmexma „quCis biWma~) da ara sabavSvo baRis samagaliTo/wesierma gogonam, romelic
keTilsindisierad warmoadgenda
baRis administraciisa da damfinanseblebis erTian nebas.
is rom istebliSmentma da mis ukan
`bnelma~ Zalebma ar, an ver gamoiyenes
sakuTari uzarmazari manqana, anu manqanam Tavisi kandidatis warmatebis amocana eqstremalur situaciaSic ki, ver
an ar uzrunvelyo - am faqtisTvis amerikis saxelmwifoebrivi sistema da aparati mxolod kompliments imsaxurebs.
da ra moxda sinamdvileSi da zogadad?
mxolod viRac, brtyeli cnobierebis msxverpli, an Zalian cbier/mizanda-
saxuli ideologisti (Comskis tipis)
Tu gaakeTebs aseT daskvnas: gaimarjva
`xalxma~ - `xalxs~ yelSi amouvida
`neoliberalebis~ TareSi, `isTebliSmentis~ gamyidveluri poza da korporaciebis batonoba,
modiT aseTi ubralo, an `melia
gonebis~ patrons vkiTxoT - vin aris
trampi? swored trampi ar aris `instinqtze dafuZnebuli neoliberalizmis~ uwarmatebulesi warmomadgeneli?
- erT-erTi imaTgani, romelmac `gonebaze
da keTilmyofelobis survilze damyarebul, Zireul/istoriuli tipis liberalizms~ reputacia Seulaxa?! ese
igi, es rogor gamodis - arCevnebmogebuli oligarqisa da gaveSebuli `neoliberali~ trampis gaprezidenteba,
Turme neoliberalizmis yelSi amosvlis mowmobaa?
raRac vera varT logikaSi gamarTuli.
axla ki mTavari davsvaT kiTxva: ra,
an vin aris `xalxi~? - vinc, ase vTqvaT
arCevani gaakeTa. ra socialuri warmonaqmnia es `xalxi~ da ra socialuri maxasiaTeblebis matarebelia es
sityva dRes - oRond ara rogorc
cneba, aramed rogorc konkretuloba.
modiT es kiTxva Cven garemo maga-
9
liTze gavxadoT TvalsaCino - radgan
mTeli dasavluri sazogadoeba, rogorc
struqtura, erT yaidazea moWrili.
iyo Tu ara Tqven garSemo, an Tundac
uSores distanciazec ki vinme, vinc
tramps uWerda mxars? ara. arc Cem
garSemo, arc Cems megobreb/nacnobebSi,
megobrebis megobrebSi, kolegebSi, studentebSi ar yofila trampis mxardamWeri arc germaniaSi da arc saqarTvelos cifrul sivrceSi. arc Cems Svil
annas, mis megobar florians da Tamunas
(Cems meuRles) gaugiaT niu-iorkSi
vinme axlobel/Soreulisgan, rom trampis gaprezidentebis survili hqonoda.
arada, rogorc viciT, am Temebze gacxovelebuli diskusiebi mimdinareobda
da xedvadoba maRali iyo. uklebliv
yvelas ukidures siSorezec ki kulturul garemoSi erTnairi Sefaseba hqonda: trampi - avantiuristi, politikur/
kulturulad brma, amoralur/CarCenili xami/goimi.
rogorc viciT, amomrCevlis damokidebuleba arCevnis saganTan, rogoric
ar unda iyos is, arasdros aris individualuri, damokidebuleba yovelTvis
kulturul/teritorialuria. adamianTa erToba, romelic me vaxsene, sazogadoebis im Sres ganekuTneba, romelic kulturul/socialuri dinamikis mTavari
matarebelia da am dinamikisTvis da
am dinamikiT arsebobs, anu guli aqvs
mixeuli. es adamianebi sazogadoebis
momavalTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze
debatebSi aqtiurad monawileoben da
progresis SesaZlebeli versiebiT arian
gulwrfelad dainteresebuli. am wris
xalxs miekuTvnebian: studentebi, Semoqmedni, mecnierebi, filosofosebi, socialuri uflebebisTvis da totalurad
demokratiuli sazogadoebis SeqmnisTvis mebrZoli adamianebi, zogadad, ase
vTqvaT, progresuli suliskveTebis matarebeli wre. es socialuri speqtri
amerikaSic da yvela sxva qveyanaSic
erTsulovnad trampis mowinaaRmdege
iyo. magram, rogorc aqedan Cans, es sazogadoebis vitalurad mamoZravebeli
speqtri `xalxs~ ar warmoadgens - maT
xom trampi ar aurCeviaT!
aba vin aris is sxva `xalxi~, vinc
trampi airCia?
es `xalxi~ xma/smena warTmeuli
adamianebis `nacrisferi zonaa~, romelic kulturul procesSi mxolod
fiqtobrivad monawileobs, anu am procesSi marginalizirebulia. isini, erTis
mxriv, sakuTari uniWobis, meores mxriv
ki, sazogadoebis aRniSnuli aqtiuri
nawilis mier `nacrisfer zonaSi~ ar
10
Cadebuli yuradRebisa da energiis gamo
darCnen gariyuli da praqtikulad
ar monawileoben kulturis dinamikaSi
- anu samomavlo cnobierebis gaformebis saqmeSi. swored amitom `nacrisferi zona~ CarCenili da gamagrebulia
`gadarCena dafuZnebis cnobierebaSi~
(sadac `aq~ da `Cemi~ - msoflxedvis
ganmsazRvreli veqtorebia), anu swored
im cnobierebaSi, romlis daZlevis udaZabules mcdelobebsac warmoadgens dasavluri kulturis (xsenebuli vitalur/progresuli nawilis) aqtiuroba
ager ukve 150 welia.
uaxloes warsulSi, am ZalisxmevebSi kulturas gverdSi daudga da dRes
yvelanairad mxars ubams isTebliSmenti - afinansebs, uqmnis garemoebebs da
SesaZleblobebs sazogadoebis cnobierebis win gamwev saqmianobas. ise, rom
blokis - socialur/kulturulad aqtiuri sazogadoebis nawili + isTebliSmenti miznebi, `nacrisferi zonis~
gagebebsa da survilebs aranairad ar
emTxveva, anu `xalxs~ mowyvetilia da
Tanac es mowyveta/naprali sul ufro
Rrmavdeba da daZabuloba sul ufro
izrdeba.
`nacrisfer zonas~ ar esmis, ratom
uRalata mas isTebliSmentma, ratom
auba mxari man ara lokaluri interesebis matarebel idealizms - ra aliansia
es da ra momavlisTvis iRvwis is. marTlac, saukunis win isTebliSmentis
wminda memarjveneobas wyali ar gauvidoda. axla ki is globalizms, antirasizms, feminizms, antikolonializms
qadagebs da yvela ti pis fundamentalizmsa da umciresobaTa Cagvras gasakviri enTuziazmiT ebrZvis - `nacrisferi zonis~ patriotizmis gagebisTvis
da teritorialuri interesebis miseul
aRqmisTvis es namdvilad antinacionalisturi politikaa.
SexedeT arCevnebis rukas - yvela
Statma sadac aqtiuri kulturuli
cxovreba mimdinareobs, hilaris dauWira
mxari! SexedeT arCevnebSi monawile
socialur jgufebis statistikas, yvela socialuri jgufi, vis garSemoc
aqtualuri situacia/debatebia - studentebi, inteleqtualebi, feradkanianebi, feminizmis warmomadgenlebi, lgbt
wevrebi, devnilebi, emigrantebi da sxva
- aseve hilaris mxares iyo.
ese igi, kidev erTxel - vin uWers
mxars tramps da vin aris `xalxi~?
`xalxi~ aris - texaseli fermeri/
qauboi, arkanzaseli klerki, aioveli
diasaxlisi, viskonsineli meTevze - adamianebi, vinc kulturis yru-munji narCe-
nebiT ikvebebian,romelTac principulad
ezizRebaT is razedac sruliad bundovani warmodgena aqvT: Tanamedroveobis
mier gaformebuli erTiani kacobriobis
erTiani momavlis prospeqti da `adamianis~ gadalaxvisken mimarTuli dinamika. amaSi `nacrisferi zona~ mxolod
meryev safuZvels da SemaZrwunebel
momavals xedavs - maTi Sinagani, aracnobieri ltolva xom mxolod `gadarCena/
damkvidrebis~ princi piskenaa. xom gaxsovT `udardel mogzaurSi~ (`Easy
Rider~) rogori umowyalo sisastikiT,
warbSeuxrelad, klaven centraluri
Statebis warmomadgeneli fermerebi
motocikletebiT mogzaur grZelTmian
meamboxeebs? ai dRes swored man, kulturulad yru-munjma amerikam gaamarjvebina tramps. ganudga isTebleSments
- raxan is ganaxlebas da ucnob momavals daudga gverdSi: Semoqmedebs, mecnierebs, namdvil memarcxeneebs (ara ideologistebs), anu kulturul avangards,
romlebmac `damkvidreba/gadarCenis cnobierebis~ istoriulad ganmsazRvreli
socialuri ideis destabilizacia SeZlo da amiT umniSvnelovanesi saqme
gaakeTa da akeTebs momavlisTvis. - maT
xom safuZveli mouryies tradiciuli
klasikuri kulturis, myar/erTmniSvnelovan faseulobebs - adamiani miwas
mowyvites da haerSi gamokides (suspention) - Sansis molodinSi da Sansis
xelidan argasaSvebad: rom RvTaebrivi
stumari meti aRar gavuSvaT jvarze RvTaebrivi stumris saxe xom yovelTvis Tavidan gamosacnobia, amas ki `WeSmariti da myari Rirebulebebi~ uSlis
xels. es haerSi gamokideba aris is,
rasac socialuri procesebis analizSi
susti da primitiuli gonebebi `postmodernul qaoss~ an `postmodernul
gancxromas~ eZaxian. postmoderni ki,
Tanmimdevrulad akeTebs da axorcielebs imas, rac modernma dargo da dasaxa - Tavganwirva absurdisTvis, anu
SansisTvis - oRond postmoderni amas
ara individualur doneze (modernistulad), aramed axali orientaciiT
axorcielebs - komunaluri sivrcis
CarTviT da masze zrunviT.
swored aRwerilis gamo `nacrisfer
zonaSi~, anu `xalxSi~ uzarmazari resentimentis gancdaa dagrovili. `nacrisfer zonas~ sZags yvelaferi, rac
cnobierebis winsvlasTan, anu teritoriebis ganzavebasTan aris dakavSirebuli: antirasizmi, feminizmi, lgbt moZraoba, solidaroba, tolerantoba, genderuli detrminizmis miRma gaRwevis
mcdelobebi, xalxTa erTianoba, ltol-
vilebis daxmareba da gaWirvebulTa
Svela/mimRebloba - yvelaferi es mas
sZuls.
is, rac `nacrisfer zonas~ surs,
uyvars da eimedeba, es Zlieri dakunTuli fexebia, miwaze myarad mdgari da (!)
es is, uZvelesi fexmokideba gadarCenis
pirutyvuli instinqtia adamianSi, romliTac is daibada, romelmac mas emsaxura - aTria da gaatara istoriis uRrani
tyeebi, bolos ki, sinaTlis gamoCenisas,
Tavisi misia amowura. es misiaamowuruloba jer mxolod cnobierdeba,
mtkivneulad, travmatulad da ugnurebis maradi TanxlebiT.
guSin, Zveli cnobierebis revanSis
piki `breqsiti~ iyo, dRes trampia, romelmac ukve aiwepa yvela ti pis faSisturi ganwyobebis mqone teritorializmis gamomxatveli terminebi (`TeTri
muSaTa klasi~, `TeTri amerika~, `kaci
samyaros burji - qali samyaros dekoracia~ da a.S.).
dRevandeli gamwvaveba samomavlo
da Zveli cnobierebis formebs Soris
istoriulad uprecendentoa da sazogadoebrivi sistemebis cvlilebebze bevrad didi da mtkivneuli procesia da
aseve Seudareblad mniSvnelovani (nicSeanuri `SuadRe~ Sedis Tavis uflebebSi). trampis `nacrisferi zona~ gabrazebulia - maT ar undaT patriarqatis
kastraciis msxverpli iyvnen - kli(n)torina maT ar awyobT - es, isedac
Zneli asaxsneli prospeqti, maTTvis
gaugebaria - Tanac maTTvis am `axlis~
axsna/ganmartebaze didi energia jerjerobiT aravis dauxarjavs - zogadad
gasagebi mizezebis gamo:
- progresulma cnobierebam (yvela
ubanze - xelovneba, filosofia, mecniereba) 150 weli garRvevis Zalisxmevas
miakla Tavi. es iyo, `cnobilis~ rRvevis
xarjze `ucnobSi~ gaRwevis ganwirulobiTa da travmebiT savse gza da samyarosTvis seriozuli da diskursulad daxurdavebuli gacnobiereba/ganmartebisTvis veravin seriozulad ver
moicala.
swored amitomaa samyaroSi aseTi
simwire grandiozul cvlilebTan dakavSirebuli, ze-globaluri problemis
gaazrebis Semomtani teqstebis. did
filosofosTa avTenturi diskursebi,
samwuxarod, kvlavac viwro disciplinarul teritoriebze rCeba, analitikur komentarebs mxolod elis - ramac
`nacrisferi zonisTvis~, nel-nela da
rudunebiTi ZalisxmeviT gasagebi unda
gaxados es samomavlo proeqti; dinebadi cnobierebis fenomeni, anu axali
samomavlo samyaro, romelic jerjerobiT, Tavisi bundovani da mouxelTebeli
konturebiT - SiSis zars scems Zveli,
myari, gasagebi, mtkice Rirebulebebis
ierarqiulad gawyobili samyaros formasTan gaigivebul adamianebs - radgan
maTvis Tavganwirva wyals gayola. gadaxsnili Sansi, arasodes yofila faseuli - maTTvis aravis uswavlebia amis
siyvaruli.
`nacrisferi zonis~ resentimentisTvis anonimuri TviTgamoxatvis erTaderTi saSualeba dRes mxolod saxalxo da sayovelTao arCevnebi da referendumebia - sxvagan da yvelgan, dRes, maTi azrovneba da xedva regresul-revanSistuli rom ar vTqvaT, imbecilurad iTvleba - radgan samyaroSi samomavlo/inovaciuri cnobierebis damkvidrebis konkretuli moTxovnebi ukve dRis
wesrigSi dgas, isTebliSmentis mxardaWeriT gamagrebuli. swored aseT dros
da aseTi formebiT (anonimuri arCevnebi,
referendumebi) amtkicebs `nacrisferi zona~ Tavs (`breqsiti~ wminda wylis
resentimentis fenomenia). gadarCena/
damkvidrebis cnobiereba dRes srul
konvulsiaSia da isteriuli brZola
aqvs gamocxadebuli ucnobi momavlisTvis - esaa terorizmis Zireuli da
namdvili mizezi (sxva mizezebi lokalur/momyolia), aseve ruseTis fundamentalisturi azrovnebisa da agresiis safuZvelic (baton garewar-duginis ideologiur moZRvrebaSi es diqotomia ugnurad, momavlis mimarT TvaldaTxrilad, magram struqturis doneze
cxadad aqvs danaxuli).
mokled, msoflios lideri qveynis
saTaveSi movida kaci - yovelgvari
politikuri codnis gareSe, umravlesobis azriT gaunaTlebeli, primitiuli
eniT mosaubre, zedapiruli warmodgenebiT samyaroze da movlenebze, aranairi
politikuri codnis da unar/Cvevebis
mqone, bunebiT karierist/avantiuristi,
romelsac ekuTvnis sityvebi: `me demokratebis ideebi ufro momwons, magram
respublikelebis saxeliT vimoqmedeb,
raxan maTi darwmuneba ufro advilia~(!).
ai aseTi upirobo oportunisti
daiyena saTaveSi retrogradTa da konformistTa erTobam da es mravalze
metyvelebs, maT isterikaze da ukidegano SiSebze. `gadarCena/dafuZnebis cnobierebis~ sazogadoeba xom SiSis naSieria! is dRes yovelgvar `keTilsindisierebas~ moklebuli ibrZvis yvela
teritoriaze antihumanuri da antisamomavlo moTxovnebis gansaxorcieleblad!
imis, rac moxda kidev erTi fsiqo-
logiuri mxare/mizezi gaaCnia: qari
da misi performatiul momnusxavi buneba. qari uyvars rutinaSi daZirul
xalxs (Cven ki, uklebliv yvela adamiani, raRac, garkveuli rutinis matarebeli yovelTvis varT). ucbad amovardnili, ufiqreli, ucbad momsvleli,
ucbad momgeb/gamarjvebul/wamsvleli.
qaris Sarmi, Stormis Sansi/molodini,
Stormis Semdeg ganaxlebuli peizaJis
warmosaxviTi xibli, uyvars adamians
(yvelas uklebliv - qvecnobierad) raxan praqtikulad yvela acnobierebs
sakuTari Tavis SigniT, dids da qmediTs verafers atarebs, amitom garedan
Semosuls eltvis - is, rac maTTvis
gulis Semtokebeli gasarTobia am mosabezreblad ganmeorebad samyaroSi. aseTi Sarmi yvelaze momnusxavi dauxvewavi,
stiqiurad instinqtebs mimyoli adamianebisTvisaa: momavalze daufiqrebloba/gaufrTxilebloba, `eqSeni~ (erTjeradi qmedeba) da mere wyalsac wauRia
yvelaferi - isterikis es forma ganuviTarebeli da dinamikiT ardakavebu
li gonebis maxasiaTebelia! magram es
qaric aucilebelia samyarosTvis. es
mtokavi nervi, romelic uecar situaciebs aCaliCebs da samyaros aradagegmilad avrcobs. es gaugebrobis, saWiro
da sasargeblo qaosis Semomtani Zalaa
- romelsac Tu sabolood gonebam ar
uxelmZRvanela, damRupvelic SeiZleba
gamodges.
trampi - aradamZimebuli (arsebul
struqturebSi gabmulobis seriozulobiT), goimbazi energiiT, kontraversulad eqstatur/eqscentruli, ubralo
eniT da martivi propoziciebiT metyveli, - populisti/oligarqi - anu saakaSvil-ivaniSvilis nazavi SeiZleba sulac
ucnauri jokeri gamodges, Tu marTla
ugono, magram `nebis TamaSebis gamtaria~. ise rom, sruliad SesaZlebelia,
rom speqtaklma moulodneli mimarTulebac aiRos!
da kidev getyviT: praqtikulad yvela adamiani dResdReobiT, anu adamianis istoriuli ganviTarebis am etapze,
gulis siRrmeSi kvlavac nawilobriv
memarjvenea - ese igi, SiSebiT daTrgunul/gafacicebuli da gadarCena/damkvidrebis vnebiT Sepyrobili subieqti.
Cemi da Tqveni CaTvliT. is, Tu vinmes
cota goneba uWris da momavlis xedvis
raRac unari gaaCnia, ar niSnavs, rom
SiSebis miRma dgas - da Tu mas fexze
myarad dgomas dapirdebi (ranairi yalbic ar una iyos danapirebi), masze (da
ara `sxvaze~) zrunvis Seni survilis
propagandas Tavs moaxvev, sxvisgan ga-
11
moyofil bedniereba/warmatebas aRuTqvam da etyvi, rom `sxva~ mas ar sWirdeba, Tu mters daukonkreteb da aseve
xelisSemSlel garemoebebze zustad
mianiSneb - is Sen namdvilad wamogyveba.
SeiZleba mec da Tqvenc wavyveT: `yt bcgjdtlbvs genb Ujcgjlyb~ - naTqvamia.
asec moxda - cocxal/vitalurma,
personificirebulma sigoimem daxvewil da mizanmimarTul, magram rutinas
(Tundac dinamiurs) ver gaqceul tavtologiur enobriv struqturas mougo
omi.
am momentisTvis zogadad msoflio
kulturis yvelaze didi sirTule, magram usainteresoesi momenti, samyaroseuli mniSvnelobis mqone gardamaval
periodSi arsebobaa. adamianis cnobiereba imyofeba ara epoqalur, aramed
bevrad met - samyaroseuli metamorfozis situaciaSi. gonierebis mTavarma
moZraobam - limitebis miRma arsebulis
wvdomis avangardma, bolo 150 wlis
uzarmazari daZabulobisa da dinamizmis
xarjze gaarRvia cnobierebis istoriul/fundamenturi forma `gadarCena/
damkvidrebis cnobiereba~ - daexsna
brWyalebidan am primitiul monstrs,
romelsac adamiani cxovelur damokidebulebaSi da mibmulobaSi hyavda samyaroSi arsebobis modusTan mimarTebaSi
- anu, `aq~ arsebobaze mijaWvulobaSi
amyofebda.
nel-nela formdeba aqamde sruliad
ucnobi, momavlis dinamizmisTvis Tavganwirvis forma, anonimur zeteqnologiur cnobierebaSi CaRvriloba-ganwovis
Sinagani survili, anu iseTi cnobierebis forma, romelmac uzarmazar da
sruliad axal saazrovno veqtorebs
gvaziara. am samyaroseul movlenaSi
adamianis usanukvaresi ocneba sruldeba: komunalur dinamikaSi (ara indi-
vidualurSi - rogorc aRmosavleTSia) CaamTavros `adamianis~ istoriuli bedi da axal sruliad iracionalur gadaxsnilobaSi ganzavdes - amisTvis mas adamianis `aq~ arseboba moaqvs
Sesawirze. am dinamikaSi xelovnebis
avangardma, rogorc iracionaluris istoriulma liderma, es sapatio misia
dRes mecnierebas dauTmo, romelmac
samyaros sawyisis da misi Ziris sruli
iracionaloba aRmoaCina. ise rom, komunalur doneze xdeba sakuTari Tavis,
anu kulturuli identurobis, msxverplad motana. samsxverplo sagani cnobierebaa - romelic momavalSi singularobis yovlismomcvel erTianobis
anonimurobaSi unda ganiwovos - aseT
dResaswaulSi unda damTavrdes `adamiani~ da es man nebayoflobiTad unda
ganaxorcielos, amisTvis TviTSegnebuli mzadebiT da mzadyofniT.
mokled, samyaro srulfasovan da
sisxlsavse cxovrebas cxovrobs da
finiSis xazisTvis damaxasiaTebel uda-
Zabules brZolebSia (uzogades binarul winaaRmdegobebs Soris) dRes Cabmuli - didi amplituduri ryevebiT,
rxevebiT da gadaxrebiT.
erT dRes es damTavrdeba - mwams,
rom sul male da ucnobi sikeTiT!
me aseve mwams, rom trampis fenomeni
(Tu is `kacuri kacia~, marTla eqscentrikia da ar gahyva pasiurad dinebas)
mxolod kargs mogvitans: kidev erTxel,
aSkarad da SeiZleba sabolood(!) dagvarwmunebs, rom `cnobierebis cvlilebis~ dinamika upirobod sworia da
kacobrioba asafren biliks adgas! kidev
da sabolood SevignebT, rom saerTo
saxalxo referendumebma/arCevnebma araferi SeiZleba moutanos kacobriobas
kargi da progresuli
progresuli, roca gadasawyveti dilema momavals da warsuls
exeba, raxan aseT dros konformizmi
`nacrisferi zonis~ gverdSi dgomiT
yovelTvis gaimarjvebs!
jerjerobiT da amJamad `nacrisferi
zona~ kacobriobis minimum 70%-s Seadgens da is yvelafers yovelTvis ucnobi,
anu gadaxsnili momavlis sawinaaRmdegod gawyvets! am situciam SeiZleba
sabolood migvaxvedros, rom winmswraf
dinamikasTan paralelurad udidesi
energia da dro unda Caidos sazogadoebis sulier/mentaluri realobis erTianobis mosapoveblad da es ganaTlebisa da momavlis surnelis SetaniT
unda moxdes `nacrisfer zonaSi~.
da kidev, bolos da bolos unda
gacnobierdes, rom es banalur/primitiulad gagebuli demokratiis idea umaqnisia da bevrad drekadi da situacionisturi politika gvmarTebs Tu gvsurs: rom erTiani, arateritorialur/
denadi cnobierebis idea sabolood
gaxdes adamianis momavali.
Cveni megobaria eqimi merab boTeraSvili
msxvili varikozuli venebis
yvelaze Sedegiani meTodi
mkurnalobis
tkivilis gareSe!
nawiburebis gareSe!
narkozis gareSe!
lazeriT
2177 65th st.
Brooklyn, NY 11204
1-718-238-1555
12
uaxloesi da
eqim
merab boTeris
gia eZgveraZe
pirveli qali parlamentarebi
1919 wels saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis sakanonmdeblo organos damfuZnebelTa kreba warmodgenili iyo
130 deputatis SemadgenlobiT, aqedan 4 qali iyo. maT, mogvianebiT mexuTe qali daemataT. yvela maTgani saqarTvelos
social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis wevrebi iyvnen. interesmoklebuli ar iqneba maTi gacnoba.
elisabed (liza) iosebis asuli nakaSiZe-bolqvaZe (1885-1937), 1904 wlidan
saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli
muSaTa partiis wevri, 1917 wlidan
`guriis qalTa sazogadoebis~ Tavmjdomare iyo. 1921 wlidan antisabWoTa
moZraobaSi Caeba, ris gamoc 1923 wels
daapatimres.
gadasaxlebidan dabrunebis Semdeg,
antisabWoTa moRvaweoba ganagrZo da
xelaxla daapatimres. 1937 wels kontrrevoluciuri organizaciis xelmZRvanelobis braldebiT krasnoiarskSi
daxvrites. reabilitirebulia 1956 wels.
* * *
ola soloRaSvili (1882-1937) 1903
wlidan saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis wevri, sabiblioTeko da saredaqcio komisiis wevri
iyo. saqarTvelos gasabWoebis Semdeg
antisabWoTa aralegalur moZraobaSi
Caeba. 1925 wlidan pedagogiur saqmianobas eweoda. 1937 wels Sinsaxkomis
samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri olqis
raionulma ganyofilebam daapatimra.
antisabWoTa da antisakolmeurneo propagandis, Sovinisturi ganwyobebis, aseve
menSevikTa lider ramiSvilTan kavSiris
braldebiT, ola soloRaSvils daxvreta miusajes.
* * *
eleonora (lola) mixeilis asuli
ter-farsegova-maxvilaZisa 1875 wels
daibada. 1902 wlidan saqarTvelos
social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis
wevri iyo. 1905 wlis 17 oqtombris
manifestis Semdeg, organizaciam - social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis baTumis komitetis soxumis jgufma, rom-
lis erT-erTi xelmZRvaneli eleonorac iyo, realurad xelSi aiRo qalaq
soxumis mmarTveloba da mefis xelisuflebis TiTqmis yvela struqtura
Caanacvla. amis gamo, 1908 wels pirvelad daapatimres. 1921 wlidan antisabWoTa aralegalur moZraobaSi Caeba.
1925 wels saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis aralegaluri cekas SemadgenlobaSi airCies.
sagangebo komisiam 1926 wels daapatimra da amierkavkasiis farglebidan gaasaxla. 30-ian wlebSi, gadasaxlebidan
dabrunebis Semdeg, kerZo pedagogiur
saqmianobas eweoda. gardacvalebis TariRi ucnobia.
* * *
qristine (Cito) giorgis asuli
SaraSiZe (1887-1973) 1905 wlidan saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis wevri iyo. 1905-1906 wlebSi
tfilisis revoluciur gamosvlebSi
aqtiurad monawileobda da sagazeTo
masalebs amzadebda. saqarTvelos gasabWoebis Semdeg ramdenjerme daapatimres.
misi ojaxi represiebSi moyva. sxvadasxva dros, maswavlebelTa saxlis qarTuli enis kabinetis gamge da saistoriosaeTnografio muzeumis TanamSromeli
iyo. 1941-1964 wlebSi saqarTvelos
saxelmwifo muzeumis xelnawerTa ganyofilebasa da saqarTvelos ssr mecnierebaTa akademiaSi muSaobda. man qarTuli beWdviTi sityvis istoriis Sesaxeb
mniSvnelovani Sromebi moamzada. aseve,
xevisa da samxreT saqarTvelos istoriis gamokvlevebis avtori iyo. IXXIX saukuneebis 1500-ze meti xelnaweri daamuSava da Seiswavla.
* * *
minadora efremis asuli orjonikiZe-toroSeliZe 1873 wlis 14 marts,
sofel RoreSaSi aznauris ojaxSi daibada. quTaisis wminda ninos qalTa
gimnazia daamTavra. am droidan marqsistuli wreebis muSaobaSi erTveba. 1901
wels Jenevis universitetis samedicino fakultetze ganagrZo swavla. qalaqis socialistur wreebSi da `iskris~
damxmare jgufSi aqtiurad muSaobda.
JenevaSi malaqia toroSeliZesTan
iqorwina. 1905 wels TbilisSi dabrunebisTanave revoluciur moZraobaSi
Caeba. minadora wiTel jvarSi da `ara~Si (amerikuli daxmarebis administracia) muSaobda. paralelurad qalTa
aralegalur organizacias xelmZRvanelobda, romelic dapatimrebuli social-demokratebis da federalistebis
ojaxebs exmareboda.
1924 wlis dasawyisSi iZulebiT
moskovSi gaasaxles. mas Semdeg, rac
menSevikur partiaSi muSaobaze uari
Tqva, TbilisSi dabrunda. 1936 wels
minadora orjonikiZe-toroSeliZe daapatimres. man braldebebi uaryo da
Tavi damnaSaved ar cno. 5 wliT yazaxeTSi gadaasaxles, sadac qalaq Cimkentis
poliklinikaSi eqimad muSaobda. 1937
wlis 5 ivniss daapatimres da 8 wliT
Sroma-gasworebis koloniaSi yofna miusajes. misi sasjelis vada 1945 wels
damTavrda, magram samSobloSi dabrunebis ufleba ar misces. TbilisSi 1950
wels Camovida.
rebilitirebulia 1956 wels.
minadora orjonikiZe-toroSeliZe
1967 wlis 19 oqtombers gardaicvala.
13
`iluz
ion
i~
`iluzion
ioni~
`vestsaiduri
kabadonebSi
ambavi~
filmi,
romelSic
wamieradac ki
ar Cndeba
laJvardi ca
oTar sefiaSvili,
saqarTvelos xelovnebis
damsaxurebuli moRvawe
suraTi, romelsac dRes vixilavT,
ukve karga xania mxolod fragmentalurad - nawyvetebiT Tu Cndeboda Cvens
tele-ekranebze.
bevri namdvili istoriuli mniSvnelobis ziari gavxdiT am xnis ganmavlobaSi. gardatexa moxda Cvens SegnebaSic,
Seicvala Cveni damokidebuleba sinamdvilisa da mravali faseulobisadmi,
maT Soris - xelovnebis nawarmoebebisadmic. darwmunebuli var, dRes sul sxva
TvaliT Sexedavs da sruliad gansxvavebuli ganwyobilebiT aRiqvams mayurebeli suraTs, romelsac amjerad gTavazobT, es aris amerikuli filmi-miuzikli - `vestsaiduri ambavi~.
14
Tavis droze, am Janris sxva nimuSebTan dakavSirebiT Cven ukve gvqonia metnaklebad vrceli saubari im mxatvrul
SemoqmedebiT Ziebebze, romlebic mimdinareobda amerikul kinoSi 50-iani wlebisaTvis ukve TavdaRmarT daqanebul
miuziklis ganaxlebisa da aRorZinebisaTvis...
sabednierod, es procesi 1961-Si
dagvirgvinda bevri ramiT novatoruli
da dRemde, albaT, sworupovari - `vestsaiduri ambavis~ SeqmniT. vTqvaT isic,
bedma rom ineba da, miuziklis istoriaSi am axali da naTeli furclis Cawera wilad xvda reJisor robert
uaizs – imxanad ukve 47 wels mitanebul profesionals, romelic, marTalia,
aqamde weliwadSi TiTo, zogjer ki or filmsac iRebda, magram misi SemoqmedebiTi biografiis yvelaze mniSvne-
lovan faqtad rCeboda is, rom igi didi xelovanis - orson uelsis uaxlesi
TanaSemwe iyo kinoxelovnebis istoriaSi niSansveturi film `moqalaqe qeinis~ gadaRebisas.
SegaxsenebT, film `vestsaidur ambavs~ safuZvlad daedo brodveize gaxmaurebuli speqtakli, romelic, sxvaTaSoris, Tavis mxriv, mweral lorenTsis
amave saxelwodebis romanis inscenireba gaxldaT.
miuxedavaT amgvari, Tu SeiZleba
iTqvas, ormagi dasesxebisa, suraTi WeSmaritad maRali xelonebis nawarmoebi gamodga. filmSic, iseve rogorc
speqtaklSi, ZiriTadi gamomsaxvelobiTi saSualebania musika da cekva, magram
rogorc araerTgzis aRgviniSnavs, cekvis
pirobiToba - saerTod - Zalze organuli aRmoCnda ekranuli gamosaxulebis pirobiTobisaTvis da mayurebelmac
imTaviTve, umtkivneulod da bunebrivad aRiqva `vestsaiduri ambis~ Txrobis
uCveuloba, advilad eziara mis TviTmyof samyaros.
bevri mayurebeli Tu kritikosi am
suraTs dRemde uwodebs Tanadroul
`romeo da julietas~. filmSi, marTlac, imTaviTve pirdapir da mkveTrad
aris gacxadebuli misi naTesaoba Seqspiris tragediis maradiul siuJetTan.
TumcaRa, isic naTeli iyo, Tavidanve,
rom es tragikuli kinoreviu gansakuTrebiT axlo idga ara Seqspirul poetikasa da TemebTan, aramed mWidrod
ukavSirdeboda Tanadrouli amerikuli
mwerlobisa da xelovnebis midrekilebebs, maTSi gamJRavnebul tendenciebs.
filmi kino-akademiis 11 nominaciaSi waradgines da aqedan 10-Si gaimarjva,
maT Soris `saukeTeso filmis~ nominaciaSi. sulac ar aris SemTxveviTi,
rom Tavad amerikeli kritikosebi - am
suraTze msjelobisas - ixsenebdnen
keruakis prozas, imJamindel gaxmaurebul filmebs - Sirli qlinqis `mekavSires~, jon kasavitisis - `Crdilebs~.
sagangebod aRniSnavdnen Tanadrouli
amerikuli filmis tragikuli koncefciis gansxvavebas misi Tavwyarosagan.
da marTlac - Tu Seqspiris `romeo
da julietaSi~ sagvareulo mtroba
da SuRli montegebsa da kapuletebs
Soris mxolod fonia, erTgvari sababia veroneli Seyvarebulebis saocari
mijnurobisa da maTi tragikuli aRsasrulisa, - aq, am filmSi, wina planze
iwevs TaobaTa gaTiSulobisa da siZulvilis Temebi.
`vestsaiduri ambavi~ - arc CanafiqriT, arc SesrulebiT - sulac ar
15
hgavs lirikul films siyvarulze.
masSi gadmocemuli da ganzogadebuli
ambavi sagulisxmoa da imavdroulad,
sagrZnobia misi analizis cdac.
es aris ara martoden erTi Seyvarebuli wyvilis, aramed mTeli Taobis
tragedia, - Seuwynareblobis tragedia,
romelic TiTqosda gamrTobi miuziklis formiTaa gamoxatuli, daakvirdiT
- filmSi erTxelac ar Cndeba cis
laJvardi.
amitomacaa, rom suraTis arnaxuli
warmatebis kvlevisas, uwinares yovlisa,
aRniSnavdnen mis socialur mniSvnelobas, siaxloves cxovrebiseul realiebTan, romlebic mxolod amerikisaTvis
ar yofila damaxasiaTebeli.
arc is aris SemTxveviTi, rom `vestsaidur ambavs~, - Tundac isev amerikis
ekranebze, - male mohyva iseTi meamboxe
sulis filmebi, rogoricaa imave Sirli
qlarqis `civi samyaro~, reJisor kormanis - `veluri angelozebi~, Slezingeris
- `SuaRamis kovboi~ da kidev bevri
sxva suraTi, romlebic Tavis droze gasagebi Tu auxsneli mizezebis gamo
- sabWour ekranebze ar yofila davebuli da romlebsac axla videokasetebiT
ecnobian CvenSi kinos moyvarulebi.
SesaZloa, am filmebSi ufro mWaxedacaa wamoWrili, an ufro Rrmadac
ganxiluli Tanadrouli axalgazrdobis problemebi, - (cxadia, aq mxedvelobaSia misaRebi miuziklis Janris Taviseburebebic), - magram isic uTuod
faqtia, rom am meamboxe filmebidan,
zogierTs mainc, ramdenime wliT win
uswrebda `vestsaiduri ambavi~...
am film-miuziklis, - rogorc arcTu unaklo, magram WeSmaritad maRali
xelovnebis nimuSis - gamo, Cven sxva
drosac gveqneba saubari. aRsaniSnavia,
misi ueWveli mxatvrul-novatoruli
Rirsebebic da zog-zogi naklic, rac, umTavresad, - Tavs iCens damtkbar-daSaqrul lirikul scenebSi. amjerad ki,
SeniSnavdiT albaT, gulisyuri gavamaxvile filmis socialur JReradobaze,
mis tragikul mixvedrebze, romlebic
- (vaglax rom) - droiT dadasturda
da marto erTi erisa Tu qveynis wiaRSi
mimdinare procesebis anareklad ar
warmogvidgeba...
amjerad, am rakursSi gavixsenoT
amerikuli filmi-miuzikli `vestsaiduri ambavi~. vfiqrobT, dRes sul
sxvagvarad aRiqmeba es suraTi TaobaTa
tragikul gaTiSulobasa da siZulvilze, filmi, romelSic, - vimeoreb, - erTxelac ar Cndeba cis laJvardi...
https://youtu.be/rI48V8X0lC0
16
17
sarfi dRes Cveni rom aris,
es pavles damsaxurebaa!
daviT galegaSvili:
- am masStabis sazogado moRvawe,
mkvlevari da mecnieri XX saukuneSi
bevri ar gvyolia, magram maT Soris
yvelaze miviwyebuli pavle ingoroyva
gaxlavT. es udidesi mecnieri, Tavisi
cxovrebiTa da moRvaweobiT magaliTia
imisa, Tu rogor SeiZleba, samSoblos
ise emsaxuro, rom imperias, reJims an
sxva nebismier bnel Zalas ZRveni ar
miarTva. saocari memkvidreoba dagvitova, romelic dRes saqarTveloSi sanaxevrodac ki ar aris Seswavlil-Sefasebuli da miT umetes, dafasebuli... ufro metic, am adamianis saxeli dRemde
gariyulia saganmanaTleblo wreebidan.
- rTulia erT interviuSi pavle
ingoroyvas mravalmxrivi moRvaweobis
Sesaxeb yvelaferi iTqvas. misi cxovrebisa da Semoqmedebis mcire, Tumca, metad mniSvnelovan nawilze visaubroT...
- pavle ingoroyva 20 wlisac ar
iyo, roca aRmoaCina, rom is himnografiuli teqstebi, rasac Cven prozad
miviCnevdiT, poezia yofila. X saukunis
sagaloblebis amocnoba misi pirveli
udidesi aRmoCena gaxldaT. 40 wlis
Semdeg man imave teqstebSi wiTeli
SriftiT Cawerili sanoto niSnebic
amoicno. mis mier gaSifruli miqael
18
SeuZlebelia, genialuri pirovneba, misi Semoqmedeba Crdilma dafaros.
SesaZloa, sul male msoflios yuradReba saqarTvelom pavle ingoroyvas
mier xeTuri ieroglifebis gaSifvris faqtis gamo mii pyros... am sakiTxze
mkvlevarisa da mecnieris SviliSvili, gio mgelaZe muSaobs. pavle ingoroyvas
Semoqmedebisa da istoriuli mniSvnelobis damsaxurebis Sesaxeb soflis
meurneobis ministris moadgile, pavle ingoroyvas ori tomis gamomcemeli,
daviT galegaSvili saubrobs, xolo cxovrebiseul epizodebs gio mgelaZe
da SvilTaSvili, Jurnalisti ninia axvlediani ixseneben...
modrekilis krebulis XI saukunis
ramdenime sagalobeli saxelmwifo sagundo kapelas SesrulebiT, sionis sakaTedro taZarSi Caiwera. Caweras uwmindesi da unetaresi efrem meorec daeswro. meore dRes Canaweri pavle ingoroyvas gamosvlis teqstTan erTad, `iuneskoSi~ gaigzavna da 1962 wels mTeli
msoflios gasagonad aJRerda... mis kidev erT mignebas - `Zvel qarTul warmarTul kalendars~ ivane javaxiSvilma
`uaRresad saintereso gzis gamkvlevi
monografia~ uwoda.
- mkvlevris istoriuli Sromebidan
yvelaze mniSvnelovnad `giorgi merCule~ miiCneva. 60-ian wlebSi gamosul
pavle ingoroyvas tomeulebis gamocemisas, `giorgi merCules~ politikuri nawili ar daibeWda...
- `giorgi merCule~ Suqs Cveni is-
toriis yvelaze naklebad Seswavlil
monakveTs - VII-IX saukuneebs hfens.
uamisod rogor iqneboda da, garkveul
wreebSi naSromis mimarT arajansaRi
ganwyoba gaCnda. samSoblodan mowyvetilma grigol robaqiZem Jenevidan das,
lida robaqiZes werili gamougzavna:
`es wigni didi gamarjvebaa, didi. Tavisebureba misi, araCveulebrivi: kiTxulob
mas da xedav: saqarTvelo izrdeba, viTar
cocxali arsi, vrceldeba TandaTan,
mkvidrdeba nelinel, dgindeba, mtkicdeba.
wigni cixe-simagredaa aRmarTuli, iseT
cixe-simagred, romelsac verara Selaxavs da verara aiRebs. amas esec unda
daerTos: am mZlavr xelebSi didi madlicaa~. Zmam lidas aseve miswera, rom
werili pavlesTvis mietana. albaT, gasamxneveblad... pavles baraTidan es adgili amouweria da Seunaxavs. aseve, ro-
baqiZis sxva baraTidan amowerili hqonda amgvari Sefaseba: `gamokvleva pavle
ingoroyvasi `giorgi merCule~ didi
marjia saqarTvelosi~. pavles aseve
Senaxuli hqonda emigraciaSi moRvawe
qarTveli swavlulis, aleqsandre manveliSvilis naweric: `aq avtori gvevlineba, rogorc mecnieri mxedari, romelic
icavs mama-papaTa mier sisxliT morwyul
miwas. da maT gapoxierebul niadagzed
Seqmnil qarTul kulturas, simarTlisa da istoriuli WeSmaritebis safuZvelze...~
albaT, gasakviri aRar aris, ratom
wvavdnen 50-ian wlebSi am wigns afxazi
separatistebis ideuri winaprebi soxumis centrSi. vin icis, ramden ubedurebas ascdeboda saqarTvelo, qveynis xelisuflebaSi myof adamianebs mtkiced
rom daecvaT ingoroyvaseuli principebi afxazeTTan mimarTebaSi.
- rac Seexeba `rusTvelianas~, amaze
ras gvetyviT?
- CemTvis yvelaze Zvirfasi mainc
`rusTvelianaa~, `gansacvifrebeli `rusTveliana~, - rogorc amas nodar dumbaZe
ityoda. Tuki vinmes ainteresebs, vin
iyo sinamdvileSi msoflio poeziis
mwvervalis, `vefxistyaosnis~ avtori,
man swored es naSromi unda waikiTxos.
masSi mocemulia informacia rusTavelis warmoSobis, ojaxis Sesaxeb; aRwerilia misi brZola monRolebis winaaRmdeg, monawileoba koxtasTavis ajanyebaSi; ierusalimis monastrisadmi misi
damsaxureba da filosofiuri Sexedulebebi. am monografiis gamo, sabWoTa
politikurma da samecniero elitam
pavle ingoroyva moralurad gaanadgura. wigni daibeWda, magram igi usafuZvlod iqna uaryofili.
- amis mizezi ra iyo?
- misi TvalsaCino sazogado moRvaweoba. igi iyo xelmomweri damoukideblobis aqtisa, monawile yvela komisiis
(rogorc menSevikuri, ise bolSevikuri), romelic sadao teritoriul sakiTxebs ganixilavda TurqeTTan, somxeTTan, azerbaijanTan.
sabWoTa periodSi, filipe maxaraZis
pirvelkacobisas, pavle ilias pirveli
aTtomeulis gamomcemeli, Jurnalebis
damaarsebeli gaxldaT. aseve, man daaarsa xelnawerTa ganyofileba saxelmwifo muzeumSi, romlis safuZvelzec,
mogvianebiT, xelnawerTa instituti Seiqmna. cnobilia misi dava sergo orjonikiZesTan saqarTvelos teritoriebis
SesanarCuneblad. pavlem da misma megobrebma 20-ian wlebSi mixeil javaxiSvili daxvretas gadaarCines, magram 30-
ianebSi, samwuxarod, es veRar moaxerxes.
swored am `reaqcionerobis~ gamo gamoricxes is mweralTa kavSiridan.
ai, maSindeli oficiozis dokumentic: `pavle ingoroyva gamoricxul
iqna, rogorc aSkara reaqcioneri da
Sovinisti mwerali, romelmac jer kidev antisabWoTa Jurnalis `kavkasionis~ redaqtorobis dros naTlad gamoamJRavna Tavisi reaqcionuri da nacionalisturi saxe... pavle ingoroyva iyo
qarTuli mwerlebis reaqcionuri da
Sovinisturi nawilis organizatori
da xelmZRvanelobda reaqcionur `qarT.
wignis~ gamomcemlobas, romelic warmoadgenda misi xelmZRvanelobis dros
sabWoTa xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg ganwyobil mweralTa TavSesafars~.
1931 wels konstantine gamsaxurdia
daiWires. warmoidgineT, pavle ruseTSi
Cavida da cixis win qarTuli CoxiT
daabijebda... cixis ufrosma Tqva: an
es kacic CasviT, an gamsaxurdia gauSviTo
da konstantine gaaTavisufles. 30-ian
wlebSi anu maSin, roca stalini ukve
Zalauflebis zenitSi iyo, gadawyda,
rom moskovSi qarTuli kulturis
dReebi Catarebuliyo. maSindeli mweralTa kavSiris Tavmjdomaris mier
momzadebuli qarTuli mwerlobis istoria stalins ar moewona da misi
gadawera pavles daevala. pavlem or
RameSi gadawera da gagzavna. orjer
iyo berias kabinetSi, sadac misi dakaveba-ganadgurebis sakiTxi unda gadawyvetiliyo, Tumca, gadarCa. marTalia,
fizikurad ar gaanadgures, magram mudmivad Seviwroebuli iyo.
pavle ingoroyvam sicocxlis bolos ase Seafasa Tavisi samecniero
danatovari - `qarTuli civilizaciis
istoria~. me amas davumatebdi: qarTvel
mecnierTagan pirvelma pavle ingoroyvam SeaRo is karibWe, romlis miRmac
yvelasaTvis ucnobi da uxsovari saqarTvelos warsuli iyo.
- ra wvlili aqvs pavle ingoroyvas aWaris bedis gadawyvetaSi saqarTvelos gasabWoebis Semdeg?
- brest-litovskis zaviT leninma
TurqeTs ruseTis imperiis SemadgenlobaSi myofi teritoriebis nawili,
maT Soris, baTumis olqis miwebi dauTmo. aWarlebisa da general mazniaSvilis gmiruli brZolebis Sedegad, Turqebi gandevnil iqnen baTumidan. magram
TurqeTi zavis pirobebis Sesrulebas
da Sesabamisad, arTvinisa da artaanis
msgavsad baTumis gadacemasac moiTxovda.
sabWoTa ruseTisa da TurqeTis xelisufalTa gadawyvetilebiT Seqmnil
komisiaSi gasabWoebuli saqarTvelos
mxridan axalgazrda mecnieri, 24 wlis
pavle ingoroyva CarTes. man Turqul
teqstSi miakvlia cnobas, rom sasazRvro mdinared gansazRvruli Turqulad
Cawerili sityva - `Coroq~ ara Coloqs
(rogorc amas Turquli mxare amtkicebda), aramed Woroxs niSnavda, romelic gacilebiT ufro samxreTiT mdebareobda. sabolood, sazRvarma am cnobis
mixedviT gaiara. Sedegad ki, aWara dRes
saqarTveloa...
ninia axvlediani,
pavle ingoroyvas SvilTaSvili:
- pavle dedis mxridan Cemi didi
babua iyo. roca dedaCemis dedas mama
gardaecvala, mamis Zmam, pavlem sakuTari
ZmisSvilebi SvilebiviT gazarda. TviTon Svili ar hyavda. marTalia, Tavad
amas aprotestebda, magram ZmisSvilebi
mamas eZaxdnen. 2 wlis viyavi, roca
pavle gardaicvala. saocrebaa da albaT
daujerebeli, magram roca gogebaSvilze,
Cvens saxlSi mivdiodi, kadrad maxsovs,
rogor ejda bebia sawolTan TeTrwvera
pavles da mawons aWmevda. pavles lurji qudi exura.
dedas monaTxrobidan vici pavles
siyvarulis ambavi, ramac is sul sxva
WrilSi damanaxa anu aseT did sazogado moRvawes, adamians, romelmac samSoblos da qarTul enas Seswira mTeli cxovreba, rogori siyvaruli SeZlebia qalis mimarT.
mas qeTevan baqraZe, araCveulebrivi,
ulamazesi, aristokratiuli garegnobis, daxvewili, evropulad moazrovne
qali uyvarda. roca is colad sxvas
gahyva, pavlem sasowarkveTisgan TviTmkvleloba scada: tyvia gulSi isrola.
rTuli warmosadgenia, magram tyvia gulTan gaCerda da pavle gadarCa. is
tyvia ki sicocxlis bolomde ar amoaRebina sxeulidan, siyvarulis niSnad
daitova.
mogvianebiT, qeTo qmars gaSorda
da colad pavles gahyva. samagaliTo da
bednieri col-qmroba hqondaT sicocxlis bolomde. qeTo araCveulebrivi
mTargmneli iyo. man dikensis `devid
koperfildi~ Targmna, romelic erTerT saukeTeso Targmanad miiCneva. qeTom
zustad icoda, vin iyo pavle, vis gverdiT cxovrobda da saocrad afasebda.
- mkacri xasiaTi hqonda?
- dedasgan vici, rom ufro Tbili
iyo, vidre - mkacri. mudmivad saqmeSi
Cafluli, milioni furcliTa da wigniT garSemortymuli... Turme, gamovidoda Tavisi oTaxidan da ikiTxavda: `me
dRes vWame?~ anu Wama mxolod imisTvis
19
sWirdeboda, rom ar waqceuliyo.
vici kidev babuas, guguli mgelaZis
monaTxrobi: `cekas~ mdivani SevardnaZe
ukve Zalian moxuc da skleroziT daavadebul pavles monaxulebas apirebda.
guguli iumoriT gviyveba: Sevdiodi
da `vavarjiSebdi~, - SevardnaZe rom
gkiTxavs, xom araferi gnebavTo? unda
uTxra, rom bina gvWirdebao. erTxelac,
gugulim pavles `gamocda~ mouwyo
da viTom, SevardnaZe iyo, oTaxSi Tavad
Sevida. moikiTxa, gaesaubra da gasvlisas miubrunda: xom araferi gWirdebaTo?
pavlem miixed-moixeda Turme da
Cumad ikiTxa: Cemi siZe aq xom ar ariso? mere ki `SevardnaZes~ uTxra: `saqarTvelos mimixede, saqarTvelos!~. interviuze misuls erTxel Tamaz Cxenkelma
miTxra, sarfi dRes Cveni rom aris, es
pavles damsaxurebaao.
gio mgelaZe,
pavle ingoroyvas SviliSvili:
- 14 wlamde pavlesTan vizrdebodi.
SeiZleba iTqvas, asketurad cxovrobda.
24 saaTidan ocs muSaobaSi atarebda.
mxolod im periodSi Sewyvita saqmianoba, roca misi meuRle avad gaxda.
loginad myofi qeTos movla pavlem
ikisra da is dro sayvarel meuRlesTan
erTad gaatara. maxsovs, uyvarda sityva
`maSasadame~.
xSirad meubneboda: komunistebs ar
daujero, babu, `Julikebi~ ariano... Zalian mZime portfeliT dadioda. avtobusSic ki amoiRebda xolme Tavis furclebs da muSaobda an kiTxulobda...
Tu sadme vinmes dalodeba mouwevda,
dros ar kargavda. axlac ki maocebs
xolme mis wignebSi gakeTebuli SeniSvnebi, nebismier mecnierebaze hqonda Tavisi warmodgena, akeTebda analizs.
pavle nebismieri mTavrobisgan devnili iyo. represiebis periodSi oTxi
weli qeTosTan erTad, meuRlis sofelSi gaatara. albaT, arc undodaT misi
fizikuri ganadgureba, Torem bunebrivia, iq misi migneba ar gauWirdebodaT.
erT ambavs gavixseneb, romelmac didi
STabeWdileba moaxdina Cemze: mesame
klasSi viqnebodi. karze zari darekes.
gavaRe da zRurblTan Zalian maRali
sasuliero piri davinaxe. pavle ikiTxa.
oTaxSi SevuZexi. pavle iwva. es adamiani
meufe aRmoCnda. pavles oTaxSi Sesulma
sawolTan daiCoqa da babuas biblia
gadasca. uTxra, rom patriarqisgan hqonda aseTi kurTxeva. es Zalian emociuri
suraTi gaxldaT...
- paradoqsia, magram pavle ingoroyva
ise gardaicvala, akademikosis xarisxi
ar hqonda...
20
- visac pavles pirovnebasa da cxovrebaze warmodgena aqvs, icis, rom es
faqti misi personisTvis, misi cxovrebis
mrwamsisa da wesisTvis organulia. pavles sakandidatoc ar hqonda daculi.
saxlSi gvaqvs 40-iani wlebis 4
akademikosis wardgineba. konstantine
gamsaxurdiam, galaktionma da gogla
leoniZem waradgines akademikosad, magram
bolSevikebma ar miiRes es winadadeba.
iza orjonikiZem literaturis muzeumSi pavles 85 wlis iubile gamarTa.
miuxedavad imisa, rom iubile araformalurad Catarda, meore dRes iza Tanamdebobidan gaaTavisufles. me veswrebodi am iubiles, sadac im epoqis mniSvnelovani moRvaweebi saocar ambebs ixsenebdnen, aRiarebdnen pavles genialurobas. maSinve gamiCnda kiTxva sakuTar
TavTan: aseT geniosad Tu aRiarebdnen,
ratom aravin mosula masTan saxlSi,
ar ukiTxavs rogor iyo, raze muSaobda?!
ukve SeuZlod gaxldaT, am saRamos
ar daswrebia da yvelaferi me vuambe.
iubileze kako baqraZe gamovida winadadebiT, - pavlesTvis akademikosobis miniWebis moTxovniT akademiasTan transfarantebiT misuliyvnen. maSin rezo TvaraZem Tqva: veTanxmebi kakos, magram dRevandeli saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademia aris ki Rirsi pavle ingoroyva
misi wevri iyoso?!
SeTanxmdnen, rom - ara. kargic aris,
rom akademikosi ar gaxda. misi nebismieri, erTi patara monografiac ki sadoqtoro disertaciaa. regaliebs, statusebs ar hqonda misTvis mniSvneloba.
hoda, imas, rasac ar scnobda, arc flobs.
- sicocxlis bolomde axerxebda
muSaobas?
- bolo 5 weli avad iyo, ver muSaobda. goneba xSirad Ralatobda, magram
me yovelTvis mcnobda... eWvi maqvs, rom
mas ubralod, ufrosebTan urTierToba mobezrda da `vercnobas~ mxolod
imizezebda. erTi TvaliT saerTod ver
xedavda, meoreTi - Zalian cudad. erTxel, mis oTaxSi Sevedi, Suqi avanTe.
sawolSi mjdoms win gadaSlili wigni
edo, - vkiTxulobo. mjera, marTla kiTxulobda, mxolod - ara TvalebiT...
mgonia, rom metafizikuri kontaqti hqonda - xan ioane zosimesTan, xan
rusTavelTan, xan giorgi merCulesTan
urTierTobda...
14 wlis viyavi, roca gardaicvala.
misi dakrZalvis dRes aseve, TviTmfrinavis gatacebisas gardacvlil aeroportis TanamSromlebs krZalavdnen.
umaRles saswavleblebs avtobusebi miayenes da iZulebiT waiyvanes studentebi maT dakrZalvaze mxolod im mizniT,
rom pavles dakrZalvas ar daswrebodnen. neSti mweralTa kavSiridan gamoasvenes. disidenti mwerlebi iTxovdnen,
rom mTawmindaze daekrZalaT. bolSeviki mwerlebi ki ambobdnen, - didubeSi
unda daikrZaloso. bolos, disidentebma moilaparakes: fexiT gamovasvenebT
da mTawmindis asaxvevs rom mivuaxlovdebiT, gavTxriT saflavs da davasaflavebTo.
Tavs ufleba miveci da me, patara
biWi Caverie: marTalia, mTawminda ekuTvnis, magram forma miuRebelia! saTamaSo
xom ar aris, ase ataron-meTqi?! didubis
eklesiaSi, bolos da bolos, Tamar mefes aqvs jvari dawerili. ase rom,
mweralTa kavSiridan pavle fexiT miasvenes didubis eklesiamde. panTeonis
karibWesTan, sasaxles mamakacebi gamoecalnen da qalebi Seudgnen; manamde
aseTi faqti nikoloz baraTaSvilis
gadmosvenebisas moxda.
- bolo dros raze muSaobda?
- xeTur ieroglifebze. rogorc
iciT, man sagaloblebis 60% gaSifra.
es iyo msoflio movlena. vfiqrob,
mxolod mecnieruli logikiT amis
axsna warmoudgenelia. mgonia, rom mas
garkveuli `metafizikuri gasaRebi~
mieca aramaterialuri samyarodan... pavle Tavad ambobda, rom xeTuri ieroglifebi anu kacobriobis mier dRemde waukiTxavi teqstebi amoxsna. am sakiTxebze vmuSaobT. roca sabolood damtkicdeba, es iqneba umniSvnelovanesi saCuqari kacobriobisTvis.
Sorena labaZe
vin mokla mixa xelaSvili?
Carglis sasaflaoze (razikaSvilTa gvaris panTeonSi) luka
razikaSvilis saflavis gverdiT
25 wlis biWis, mixa xelaSvilis
saflavia, Tavisi Zalmosili sityviTa da cxovrebis wesiT sicocxleSive rom iqca legendad.
samwuxarod, bevrma jer kidev
ar icis, rom sayovelTaod cnobili xalxuri leqsi „leqso amogTqom oxero~ mixa xelaSvils ekuTvnis.
ratom gaxda saWiro misi Semoqmedebis gaxalxureba, ratom iyo
akrZaluli misi xseneba, romelma
qarTvelma mweralma gaisvara misi
sisxliT xelebi? gvesaubreba im
pirovnebis Svili, visi wyalobiTac
gadarCa mixa xelaSvilis literaturuli memkvidreoba - Cveni stumaria mwerali gigi xornauli:
- Sua fxovs rom gaivliT, aragvis
xeoba sagrZnoblad viwrovdeba, gza midis gaRma-gamoRma ayudebul frialoebs
Soris. gvxvdeba dasaxlebuli adgilebi da salocavebi, zaris Wala, gogolaurTa, xoSara, laSari, mis mopirdapired Relis, Tamaris salocavia. Relisa
da axadis goris Sua mdinare wawada
miikvlevs gzas. wawadis marjvena napiras miemarTeba axadSi asasvleli biliki. swored am sofel axadSi dabadebula
da gazrdila mixa xelaSvili, ufro
sworad xelaiSvili - mixas winaprebi
xelaiSvilebi iyvnen, mixas mama zurabi
daiwera xelaSvilad.
mixa xelaSvili daibada 1900 wlis
25 ianvars. bednierma zurabma da misma
meuRlem Tamarma xats zvaraki Seswires
Svilis bednierebisTvis. mixam bavSvoba
axadSi gaatara. gamorCeuli bavSvi
yofila garegnobiT, niWierebiT, bavSvobidanve ver itanda daumsaxureblad
sxvis daCagvras da yvelas esarCleboda.
mixas soflis eklesiaSi miuRia dawyebiTi ganaTleba da RvTis msaxuroba
gadauwyvetia. axadidan mixa CargalSi
diakvnad gaamweses. swored aq dauaxlovda vaJa-fSavelas ojaxs. gamorCeulad hyvarebia misi vaJi levani. aqve
gaucnia mezobeli soflidan kawalxeveli vano xornauli, mamaCemi, romelmac
Seinaxa mixa xelaSvilis literaturuli memkvidreoba.
- ratom da rogor iqca soflis
diakvani sazogadoebisTvis saSiS pirovnebad?
- rogorc giTxariT, mixa bavSvobidanve ver itanda vinmes damcirebas da
daCagvras, miuxedavad imisa, rom diakvani
iyo, yvelgan iaraR-asxmuli dadioda.
amaze kidec sayvedurobda barisaxos
mRvdeli, RvTismsaxuri meomariviT ratom dadixaro. amaze mixa RimiliT pasuxobda, - mTiel kacs yovelTvis sWirdeba savaJkaco znesa da saqmeSi iaraRi,
ras merCiT, aravis vuSaveb da aravis
vawuxebo. saerTod, mTieli mowinave
axalgazrdebi, romlebic mixas garSemo iyvnen Sekrebilni, xSirad bWobdnen
ruseT-saqarTvelos urTierTobisa da
mamulis ganTavisuflebis gzebis Sesaxeb. mixa Tavisufal saqarTveloze ocnebobda, radgan is Tavis zne-xasiaTiT
iyo Tavisuflebis moyvare, mebrZoli,
boboqari sulis kaci.
CargalSi cxovrebis dros, mixas
Seuyvarda Cargleli mdidari mecxvaris, focxvera baCiaSvilis umcrosi
qaliSvili deduna, sxvebisgan TvaltanadobiT gamorCeuli, mixas poeziaze
Seyvarebuli gogo.
vaJa-fSavelas mezoblad cxovrobda
dedunas ojaxi. mixam xeli sTxova
dedunas. focxveram uariT gaistumra,
- gogos ymawvilqaloba moimizeza. sinamdvileSi ki, Tavisi ojaxis Sesaferis
sasiZos eZebda. mixas mainc ar dauyria
far-xmali da gadaubirebia kidec dedu-
na, rom mamis Cumad gahyoloda colad,
magram ver mouswriaT daojaxeba, ise
gardacvlila focxvera baCiaSvili.
dedunas mamis dakargvam daabrkola
maTi qorwineba.
Semodgoma iyo, vaJa-fSavelas Svils
- levan razikaSvils komisari kola
jangneliZe estumra milicielebiT. Tanasofleli axalgazrdebi erTmaneTs
ejibrebodnen srolaSi, es ar mowonebia
komisars, - ra srola gagimarTavTo,
usayvedura maspinZels. Sejibreba-garToba gvaqvso, Tavi imarTla levanma.
milicielebma iq axlo myof qalebs,
romlebic cxenebs aZovebdnen, lazRandaroba dauwyes. swored am qalebs gamoesarCla da milicielebs SeekamaTa mixa
xelaSvili. komisari mixas miuxta
da mauzeri waarTva. am dRidan gaxda
mixa xelaSvili milicielebisTvis xalxis mteri. mixa iZulebuli gaxades
tyeSi gasuliyo. mTavrobas erideboda,
Tumca xalxs arafers uSavebda.
swored amave periodSi gaxda mixa
xelaSvili qaquca ColoyaSvilis razmis wevri da qaqucasTvis gamorCeuli
da ndobiT aRWurvili adamiani. Soridan uwevda mixas dedunasTan urTierToba, misTvis Tvalis Sevleba. mas oficialurad col-Svili ar hyolia, magram
dedunam mixasgan gaaCina Tamari, romelsac mamis mzrunveloba da mofereba
ar Rirsebia. mixa WogritiT uyurebda
ojaxs, rom aTasjer awiokebuli ojaxi
kidev ar SeewuxebinaT.
21
qaqucas razmis wevri iyo levan
razikaSvilic, mixasTvis yvelaze sando,
saimedo da Tanamoazre megobari. mwyemsebi da mgzavrebi TviTonve awvdidnen
sarCos, mixa aravis awuxebda. piradi
cxovreba da bedniereba Sors darCa,
Cumi da moparuli gaxda misTvis wuTisoflis lxena da netareba. avtoritetiT, garegnobiT, Zal-RoniT, siswrafiT,
sroliTa da meleqseobiT gamorCeulma mixam Zalauneburad dajabna da daCrdila Carglis axalgazrdoba, amitomac emtereboda mas zogierTi maTgani.
moRalateTa ricxvSi iyo vaJa-fSavelas Svilad cnobili mwerali vaxtang
razikaSvili, romelsac dedunazec daedga Tvali da es garemoebac iyo mixa
xelaSvilis mtrobis mizezi. leqsad
SeuTvala tyidan:
„egre uTxariT vaxtangsa,
xelaSvil dagmdurebia,
Cemgan ra ginda, ras meZeb,
raisTvin mimzirdebia,
icode, iq nu gaivli,
sadac xelais gzebia,
Tavis gvardaviwyebulo
razikaSvili xdebia~.
ratom iyo vaxtang razikaSvili
gvardaviwyebuli, mixasTvis da saerTod,
Carglis sazogadoebisTvis, es calke
Temaa da vfiqrob, sagangebod am Temaze
saubrisTvisac movicliT. icoda mixa
xelaSvilma komunistebi didxans rom
ar acocxlebdnen, vaJa-fSavelas Svilsac
ar apaties Tavisi gimnazieli megobris
qaqucas fSavidan gacileba. mixas ki
aSkara TanamebrZoleobas, iaraRiT xelSi brZolas vin apatiebda.
qaquca ColoyaSvilis saxels Seewira vaJa-fSavelas siZe, ufrosi qaliSvilis, Tamaris qmari - Salva uwukliSvili. mas peterburgis universiteti
hqonda damTavrebuli da brwyinvaled
scodnia germanuli ena.
erTxel, Salva erwodan TianeTSi
midioda cxeniT, ivris piras Tianel
komunist-komkavSirlebs sufra hqoniaT
gaSlili. mouwveviaT Salva da uTqvamT,
- iseTi sadRegrZelo gviTxariT, Cven
rom ara gvqondes daleuli, Wkviani
kaci xar, karg rames ityvio. Salvas
uTqvams, - modi maSin, qaquca ColoyaSvils gaumarjos, vici, Tqven imas arasdros adRegrZelebTo.
meore dResve daupatimrebiaT Salva
da gadaukargavT. mixas uamravjer auwiokes siZe-dis ojaxi sofel afxuSoSi. dedasac mivardnian, gviTxari, sad
aris Seni yaCaRi Svilio. mixas deda,
romelic araerTxel auwiokebiaT, afxuSoSi Svil-siZesTan gaxiznula. dis
22
da siZis ojaxidan yvelaferi wamouRiaT, risi waRebac SeiZleboda, saqoneli
gaurekavT, xolo mixas moxuci deda,
maSin, roca mixas da da siZe ar iyvnen,
wamebaSi SemokvdomiaT - gviTxariT, sad
aris Seni yaCaRi Svilio.
ver bedavdnen Carglelebi mixas
dedis dasaflavebas, mixam gaabedvinaT.
tyidan daunaxavs, safixvnoSi yofilan raRacaze saTaTbirod Sekrebilni,
mivardnila orive xelSi iaraRSemarTuli, deda momikaliT da damarxva aRar
gindaT, damarxeT, rogorc wesia, Torem
gananebTo. Carglelebs yvela wesi dauyenebiaT mixas dedisTvis da saflavic
eklesiasTan gauTxriaT.
saflavSi Casvenebis win mosula
mixa, deda dautiria da wasula. im
imediT movida dedis dakrZalvaze, iqneb
vinmem zurgSi mesroloso. uTqvams kidec viRacas, modi, vesroloTo. viRaca
gasjavrebia, ase sajarod kacis kvlaSi
naSovn fuls RmerTi ar SegvarCenso.
xelaSvilis dasaWerad da xelSi Casagdebad jildo iyo dawesebuli, komunistebma misi megobrebis mosyidva daiwyes.
1925 wlis 25 ianvars yinvisgan
Sewuxebuli mixa daRamebas veRar daeloda da Tavisi Zmadnaficis saxlSi,
romelTanac ficvercxli hqonda naWami,
Sebindebisas misula. luka marcvalaSvils metismetad „gaxarebia~ Zmadnaficis misvla. maSinve xinklis Tadarigs
Sesdgomia da misi meore mkvlelisTvis,
levan garsevaniSvilisTvisac Seutyobinebia, rom mixa masTan iyo.
fSauri wesis Tanaxmad, stumris
piris gaparsva pativiscemad iTvleboda,
es wesi dauyenebia lukas. sxva yvelaferTan erTad, mixa xelaSvili winaTgrZnobis niWiTac gamoirCeoda da darwmunebuli iyo, rom es misi sabediswero
stumroba iyo. uTqvams kidec, guli
migrZnobs, Ralats mipireb, barem yelSi
gamamisvi es samarTebeli, lukav, da aqve damamTavreo.
lukas tirili dauwyia, ris Tqmas
mibedav, rogor vikadreb mag znedacemul
saqmeso. xinklis Wamis dros umata
Rvinis dalevas, rogorc Cans, sakuTar
Tavs amxnevebda sikvdilis molodinSi.
axla vazna miuwvdia levan garsevaniSvilisTvis da uTqvams, - tyvia damkari
da uceb gamaTavebso. viTom imanac Zalian gaixara mixas naxviT, arays aZalebda,
sicivea da gagaTbobso.
gvian gaWra puris arayma, magram,
roca gaWris, dabanguliviT daagdebs
kacs. mTvrali mixa, viTomda meti sifrTxilisTvis, emand moRalateebi mosaklavad ar mosuliyvnen, sabZelSi dauZinebiaT.
marTlac daayenes Tavze maT is aqtivisti komkavSirlebi, romelTac xelaSvilis dedis codva edoT da axla
mixas mokvliTac iyvnen dainteresebulni. luka win gauZRva lampiT, ukan
levani mihyva fexze Semdgari TofiT,
lukam miunaTa, levanma TavSi dahkra.
zogis TqmiT, levans xeli aukankaldao da bolo momentSi iqve myofma, kacis kvlaSi gawafulma komkavSirelma
dahkrao. es komkavSireli ki vaxtang
razikaSvili gaxldaT.
mixas mokvlis ambavi im dRes damales. vaxtangi gaiqca maRaroskarSi
miliciisTvis Sesatyobineblad, meore
dRes Cumad movidnen, yasidad atexes
Turme srola, viTomda, mixa Cven movkaliTo. gamTeniisas Camoitanes misi cxedari da safixvnoSi dades xalxis
saCveneblad da dasaSineblad. Tan iZaxdnen, mokvla ar gvindoda, magram gaqceuls SemTxveviT moxvda tyvia SublSio.
mere cxengamobmul yalze daakres da
iq daagdes miliciis ezoSi.
imdenxans egdo, vidre misma tansac-
melma feri ar dakarga da cxedari ar
gaixrwna, vidre naxevrad SeWmuls miliciam gadagdeba ar daupira. Zmaze
mlocvelma afxuSevelma dam - salomem,
romelic zaza da lela razikaSvilebis bebia gaxlavT, gasaocari simtkiciT cnobilma qalma, sabZelSi gabneuli mixas tvini da sisxli mokrifa da
dedis saflavTan dafla.
saidumlod Cavida duSeTSi Rame.
mixas barisaxoeli megobris, miliciaSi
Camdgari xevsuris daxmarebiT moi para
Zmis cxedari, xurjiniT ahkida cxens
da malviTa da Rame mogzaurobiT aitana
CargalSi da dedis saflavis gverdiT
Tavis tvin-sisxlTan erTad damarxa.
gasaocari damTxvevaa, mixa xelaSvili 1925 wels 25 ianvars mokles, ra
dResac mas 25 weli Seusrulda. gasaocari gambedaobiT gamoirCeoda mixas
saqmeebi, is sabWos SenobaSi Seuvarda
komkavSirlebs, leninis suraTi CamoiRo
kedlidan da fexiT daamtvria. im dros,
roca lenins kacobriobis bednierebis
momtanad da amomaval mzed xatavdnen.
man ki dacinviT dawera da „axali
qriste~ uwoda:
`Sen suraTs „axalo qristev~,
ers Tayvans acemineben,
viT pirvelyofil kerpisTvis
yvelas Tavs axrevineben,
Seni saxelis wignakebs
soflebSi arbenineben,
vinc ar gilocavs, im pirebs,
„CekaSi~ aqnevineben.
marqsistTa saxarebasa
wirvaze asmenineben,
TviTon saxsnilos miirTmev,
sxvebs marxvas aWerineben,
mzazeda svlepen sxvis Sromas,
mSromels ki acqerineben,
Seni mimdevni Sens sityviT
xalxs erTurTs aTelvineben~
mixa xelaSvils daabrales komisar
misriaSvilis sikvdilic, amaze mixam
araCveulebrivi Sedevri dawera, sadac
garkveulia, rom misriaSvilis sikvdilTan mixas saerTo ar hqonia:
„Sens mokvlas me mabraleben,
codvians meZaxiano,
gazafxul rodis dadgeba
SaSxanav agaxmiano,
bevrisa deda vatiro,
bevr uWko davaWkviano,
komunistebis mteri var,
xelaSvils meZaxiano~
- rogorc Cans, komunistebi ar icnobdnen mixas literaturul memkvidreobas, amitomac, gabeda mamaTqvenma vano
xornaulma misi leqsebis Senaxva, Semdeg
ki dabeWdva da gamomzeureba.
- mixa xelaSvilis „leqso, amogTqom
oxero~, pirvelad vaxtang kotetiSvils
Seutania xalxur poeziaSi. es leqsi
misTvis mamaCems, vano xornauls miuwodebia. ra Tqma unda, vaxtang kotetiSvilma icoda, rom leqsi xalxuri ar
iyo, magram imisTvis, rom es Sedevri
da sakuTari Tavi gadaerCina, avtori
Segnebulad ar dausaxelebia. Tumca
didi gambedaoba iyo misi mxridan am
leqsis xalxur poeziad gamocxadeba.
aki, amisTana gabedvebs Seewira kidec
sicocxle vaxtang kotetiSvilisa.
maxsovs, Sinaur stumrianobisas mamaCemi mixa xelaSvilis leqsebs mReroda
fandurze da mis Sesandobarsac Tvalcremliani ambobda. CvenTan ki arasodes
wamoscdenia, rom mixas nawerebi swored
masTan inaxeboda. saxlSi aravin mi povoso, wauRia da erTi didi xis fuRuroSi daumalavs da CvenTan gaavrcela
ambavi, is xe mosadevriania, saSiSi adgilia, eSmakis sabudaria, iq ar gaiaroT,
Torem daixelTebiT, anu gagiJdebiTo.
Cvenc gveSinoda da saTofeze ar vekarebodiT im aremares, sadac Turme mixas
leqsebi inaxeboda.
mixas Tavisi mokvlis wina dRes
disTvis, salome xelaSvilisTvis uTqvams, Tu momkles, Cemi nawerebi vano
xornauls CaabareT, is mimixedavso.
ra ndoba hqonda aseTi 19 wlis biWisa,
ar vici. mamas wamouRia is nawerebi
salomesgan da TviTon rac hqonda saxlSi, isic daumatebia. metad saimedod
SeufuTavs, ise, rom xangrZliv JamTasvlas gauZlo da verc qarma da verc
wvimam veraferi daaklo.
1965 wels mixas qaliSvili, Tamar
xelaSvili, romelic qvemo qedSi iyo
gaTxovili, misula mamaCemTan da uTqvams,
- mamida salomesgan vici, rom mamaCemis
leqsebi Cagibarebia da Tuki sadme gaqvs, gadamawerineo. visTanac ki meguleboda, yvelas komunistebis SiSiT cecxlSi Cauwvavso. mamaCems miuswavlebia
gaRma xeSi, sadac inaxeboda mixas nawerebi da Tan uTqvams Tvalcremlians, iqneb dadges dro da gamocemac moxerxdes, axla ki am ambavs nuravis etyvio.
1961 wels kaxeTSi did folkloristul eqspediciaSi monawileobis
dros pankisSi, Cemi biZaSvilis, goderZi xornaulis ojaxSi aRmovaCine mixa
xelaSvilisa da misi Zmis, pavle xelaSvilis leqsebis rveuli.
gasaidumloebis mizniT pirveli
furceli amoxeuli hqonda, aseve, saidumlod gadmovwereT me da maSin Cemma
sacolem - nana kotetiSvilma. Cemi
biZaSvilis meuRle babale, mixa xelaSvilis naTluli iyo. swored mas uCuqebia es rveuli mixasTvis. ase gavxdi
mixa xelaSvilis literaturuli memkvidreobis gamomqveynebeli da samzeoze
gamomtani. saavtoro uflebac miviRe
mixa xelaSvilis literaturul memkvidreobaze, radgan ukve xelT gvqonda
mixas nawerebi, folkloris ganyofilebis arqivSic movZebneT mixas xalxurad
dabeWdili leqsebic, davukavSirdi baCanas SviliSvilebs, lela da zaza razikaSvilebis ojaxebs, maTi bebia iyo mixa xelaSvilis da - salome.
- ra bedi ewiaT im adamianebs, rogor
gagrZelda maTi cxovrebis gza, vinc
xeli gaisvares mixa xelaSvilis sisxlSi?
- mixa xelaSvilis mkvlels hpirdebodnen iaraRs, samsaxurs, as maneTsa da
yovelgvari gadasaxadisgan ganTavisuflebas, magram mkvlelebi mxolod TofiT
dasaCuqrebulan. Tanac, mxolod levan
garsevaniSvils miuRia kacis kvlaSi
jildo, mets aravis. igi mosisxleebma
mokles imave zafxuls. luka marcvalaSvili gamocdil Zebnils, gogia WiWoSvils mouklavs SiraqSi, taribanaSi.
lukas uTqvams SeiaraRebuli kacisTvis,
vina xaro. gogias upasuxia, mixa var
xelaSvili, movida aRsasrulis dReo.
wamebad iqca vaxtang razikaSvilis
cxovrebac, romelic saocrad daxlarTuli jaWviT aris gadabmuli mixa
xelaSvilis bedTan. yvelaze tragikuli ki is gaxlavT, rom mixas sayvareli
deduna vaxtang razikaSvilis Svilis
dedac gaxda. aRsrulda mixas winaTgrZnoba, „cota xanSia colica, sxvisa
Wirs gaalxinebso~, Tumca Wiric aris
da Wiric!
23
... dedaSeni aris RmerTi!
Sen rom zixar da uyureb,
isic rom giyurebs. Sen rom dedas eZaxi da is Svils geZaxis,
amitom Sen ggonia RmerTi ar
aris? Sen RmerTi vin ggonia?
wverebiani babua?
Rrublebze zis da pirs rom
ibans, wvima modis?
RmerTi ise naTelia, ise axlobeli, ise axlo da ise ubralo, rom rodesac xedav, ar ici
rom RmerTia, amaSia RmerTis
ubedureba, amitom ar swamT RmerTisa. RmerTi rom sxvagan iyos,
Sors Cvengan, calke da maRla,
RmerTi rom CvenSi ar iyos, maSin yvela iwamebda.
amaSia saqme! RmerTi maSin
unda iwamo, RmerTis saxe rom
ar aqvs, rom ar hgavs RmerTs,
rom ar geubneba - `RmerTi varo~,
purs rom giyofs, sadils rom
gikeTebs, tanze rom gacmevs, Tavze rom gaxuravs, giRimis da gefereba, gkocnis da tiris Seni
gulisTvis, kvdeba Seni gulisTvis, civa, wyuria, Sia SenTan
erTad, suls aZlevs eSmaks Seni
gulisTvis, maSin unda iwamo...
aba, RmerTma Tu Tavisi saxe
gaCvena, kedelTan migayena, yuri agiwia da TviTon Tu giTxra
`RmerTi var da miwameo~, maSin
raRad unda RmerTs Seni rwmena?
aseT RmerTs Sen ki ara, yvela
iwamebs. RmerTi maSin unda iwamo, Sen rom ggavs, me rom mgavs,
dedaSens rom hgavs, gasagebia?
- nodar dumbaZe -
24
meoTxe klaseli:
`yvavilebi ukeTesi gamogivida, vidre adamianebi~
meoTxe klaseli:
`saidumlod getyvi, rodesac vxedav martoxela qals,
me Sens magivrad mrcxvenia.”
mesame klaseli:
`me jer patara var, mesame
klasSi vswavlob. codvebi
jer ar maqvs, magram aucileblad meqneba”
meore klaseli:
`gamarjoba RmerTo, rogor
xar? ras Svrebi? rogora saqmeebi janmrTelobasTan?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`Sen Tu samyaros dasasruls moawyob, vin ilocebs
SenTvis?”
mesame klaseli:
`risTvis sji keTil adamianebs?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`adamianebi ise itanjebian
dedamiwaze, nuTu Sens jojoxeTSi uaresia?”
mesame klaseli:
`me Sen ra Tqma unda miyvarxar, magram deda da mama
ufro, xom arauSavs?”
pirvel klaseli:
`SeiZleba rom ar movkvde?”
meore klaseli:
`ai eklesiaSi sanTlebs
rom yidian, Seni biznesia?”
meore klaseli:
`RmerTo sad aris qriste
axla? ras akeTebs?”
mesame klaseli:
`Sen gaqvs goneba, Tu mTlianad sulisgan Sedgebi?”
mesame klaseli:
`pirvel rigSi ra gaakeTa
qristem, rodesac aRsdga?”
meore klaseli:
`ratom maTxovroben Raribebi eklesiasTan - Sen rom
aRniSno, vin misca fuli?”
mesame klaseli:
`ese igi Tu sworad gavige evolucia, Sen jer Seqmeni adami da eva da Semdeg
adamiani warmoiSva maimunisgan xo?”
meore klaseli:
`RmerTo, Tu uflebas mivcem Cemi snikersi CakbiCos es siyvarulia?”
meore klaseli:
`ratom zrdi adamians wle-
skolis moswavleebs daavales werili mieweraT
RmerTisTvis. gTavazobT amonaridebs:
bis ganmavlobaSi da mere bax!
- da is mkvdaria?”
meore klaseli:
`risi gakeTeba SeiZleba
cxovrebaSi, rom dedam ar
mcemos?”
pirveklaseli:
`rogori iyo rodesac jer
araferi ar iyo? magram raRac
xom mainc unda yofiliyo?”
meore klaseli:
`iqneb, SemiZlia ramiT dagexmaro?”
mesame klaseli:
`ratom msurs sul rame
cudi gavakeTo? Sen ase mcdi?”
mesame klaseli:
`ra gagikeTa aseTi mamaCemma,
rom mas sul ar umarTlebs?”
mesame klaseli:
`axla, meored Seqmnidi adamians?”
meore klaseli:
`ra aris rodesac xalxs
ar uyvarxar, da ubralod
eSinia Seni?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`ra iqneboda dedamiwaze,
adams da evas rom ar daerRviaT Seni kanoni vaSlebTan
dakavSirebiT?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`minda vicodi ras apireb,
dedamiwa isev daitboreba Tu
daiwveba?”
mesame klaseli:
`ratom laparakobdnen adre
cxovelebi, exla ki ar SeuZliaT? nu gaixsene, gvelic
ki elaparakeboda evas”
pirveklaseli:
`Sen bednieri xar?”
mesame klaseli:
`ratom Cuqni Sen cxovrebas, xolo misi warTmeva yvelas SeuZlia?”
mesame klaseli:
`ra unda gavukeToT cxovelebs, rom CvenTan erTad moxvdnen samoTxeSi?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`Seni adamiani Seni msgavsi
Seqmeni, da ucxoplaneteli?”
mesame klaseli:
`ise ar mogsvlia? viRac
gesimpaTiureba, is ki Sensken
arc ki iyureba”
meore klaseli:
`rodesac giyvars, ratom
mogwons yvelaferi, erbokvercxic ki?”
meore klaseli:
`ramdenjer Sevcdebi siyvarulSi? samjer ukve aris”
meoTxe klaseli:
`risTvis davibade maxinji?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`me Zalian garcxven?”
mesame klaseli:
`SeiZleba xandaxan dagesizmro?”
meore klaseli:
`mieci janmrTeloba, bedniereba dedas, bebias, aleqsandres da Cems sxva mamebs”
mesame klaseli:
`minda rom axalgazrdobaSi kargad da bednierad vicxovro, moxucebulobaSi marto bednieradac SeiZleba”
meoTxe klaseli:
`gaakeTe ise, rom meore sicocxleSi safrangeTSi biWad davibado”
meoTxe klaseli:
`ar SeiZleba, rodesac vcelqob, ar meCxubon, me xom Cemi mxiarulebisTvis vcelqob”
meoTxe klaseli:
`amboben, rom adamiani sikvdilis Semdeg, viRacis saxiT
brundeba ukan. gTxov minda
viyo Cemi ZaRli, is ki Cems
adgilas iqneba da Cven kvlav
erTad viqnebiT.”
meore klaseli:
`momiwye xangrZlivi da
mxiaruli cxovreba”
mesame klaseli:
`gaaqre Cemi codvebi”
meore klaseli:
`modi SevxvdeT sikvdilamde”
mesame klaseli:
`gaakeTe ise, rom dediko
da mamiko Serigdnen. RmerTo
damexmare”
meore klaseli:
`CemTvis ara, kacobriobisTvis gTxov. gaakeTe ise, rom
yvela 11 wliT ufro didxans
cxovrobdes, vidre uweria”
mesame klaseli:
`nu brazdebiT adamianebze”
meoTxe klaseli:
`RmerTo, pirvelad rom gnaxav, arafers ar gTxov. Sen
ifiqreb - ra morcxvi biWia…
da mersedess maCuqeb”
mesame klaseli:
`Sen dapirdi daicva sustebi, daCagrulebi...…raRac
amas ver vxedav”
mesame klaseli:
`gamogvigzavne dedamiwaze
Seni Svili,…Cven mas jvarze
ar gavakravT”
meoTxe klaseli:
`Zalian minda, rom bavSvTa
saxlidan bavSvebma i povon
kargi mSoblebi”
mesame klaseli:
`gTxov gaakeTe ise, rom
xalxi ar kvdebodes da koRoebi ar iyon”
meore klaseli:
`RmerTo, modi movrigdeT.
me mjera Seni, Sen ki - Cemi”
meoTxe klaseli:
`gadaarCine Cveni sulebi
invalidobisgan”
meore klaseli:
`miSvile da Sen roca daberdebi, Wiqa wyals mogawvdi”
mesame klaseli:
`me gTxovdiT romelime
cxovels, magram Tu Znelia,
fumfula saTamaSozec Tanaxma var”
meore klaseli:
`Cven erTad davdiodiT baRSi, mere pirvel klasSi da
mere man miTxra `Cven sxvadasxvanairi adamianebi varT~.…me
uaresad gavxdi, vidre movkvdi.”
meoTxe klaseli:
`nu ai Cven vswavlobT, vswavlobT…da risTvis? xom mainc movkvdebiT da Cveni codna daikargeba”
meoTxe klaseli:
`meored rodis mova ieso
qriste? xom unda movemzadoT,
Torem igive iqneba, rac pirvelad mosvlisas”
meore klaseli:
`gTxov, momiteve Cemi codvebi. vici, bevri Cavidine, magram ar megona Tu arsebobdi”
meoTxe klaseli:
`SegiZlia Tu ara codvebi mapatio? Tu ara, maSin me
gavagrZeleb codvilobas,
dawynarebuli suliT”
25
aqamde lamaz-lamaz portretebs da
Strixebs, saintereso da ordinalur adamianebs Jurnalisti nanuli cxvediani gvacnobda Cveni Jurnalis mkiTxvelebs. dRes
vecadeT sarke misi misamarTiT Segvebrunebina da axla is gagvecno TqvenTvis.
26
mas ar
did qalaqSi
eSinoda
eSinoda
marto
marto siaruli
siaruli
- foTSi davibade. Cems adreul bavSvobas Savi zRvis sanapiros, paliastomis tbisa da patara mdinare kaparWinas ganumeorebeli surneli asdis. sul
maxsovs Cveni patara, motoriani cisferi navi, romlis kiCozec patara gogos
miyvarda jdoma da axalgazrda mamis
didi imediT paliastomis tbis molivlive talRebSi laRad SeWra. zogjer
vercxlisfrad moelvare kefalebi amoxtebodnen, zogjer gareuli ixvebi gadaufrendnen sivrces, niavs ki torfisa
da laqaSebis ucnauri suni mohqonda.
ninoSvilis ubanSi vcxovrobdiT,
kecxovelis quCaze, did samezoblosTan
erTad. centeraZeebis, gujabiZeebis, beriZeebis, nikoleiSvilebis, nasariZeebis, tikaraZeebis, sarjvelaZeebis, xoStariebis gverdiT, Zalian Tbili rusi, somexi
da ukraineli mezoblebic gvyavda, erT
ojaxad viyaviT, Wiri da lxini saerTo
gvqonda.
gansakuTrebiT miyvarda keTili da
alersiani „wiowia~ iulia, romelic
dilauTenia gadmogvawodebda xolme
aluminis did taStSi Cayril, danamul
qorfa kitrebs, an Tavis naxelav alublis kiselsa da katletebs mogvarTmevda. misi qmari, ZiaZia andrei staroveri
iyo da grZel, WaRara wvers atarebda.
is da misi Tanamorwmuneebi gancalkevebulad moZraobdnen, axlo urTierToba arc hqondaT mezoblebTan. samagierod, Svilebi - TiTqmis Cemi toli,
„Colkiani~ galkaia da misi ufrosi
da, koxta, warmoudgenlad mSvenieri
nina Cveni didi megobrebi iyvnen.
foTidan erTi xnieri kacic damamaxsovrda gansakuTrebulad - vinme RuRuna
kvaracxelia, romelsac yovelTvis xakisferi samxedro kiteli da lurji
galife ecva da virtuozulad daaWenebda lamaz cxens. zogjer mTeli
ZaliT gamoaqanebda Tavis qurans da
vaxtang biZias didi satvirTo avtomanqanis Zaraze Seagdebda, iq ki, yalyze
aRmarTuli cxenis zurgze, gamarjvebis
yiJinas dascemda. mere misi siCauqiT
aRtacebul bavSvebs didsulovnad dagvirigebda jibeebidan gamoRebul xaWapuris mtvrian naWrebsa da mwvane limonebs. ufrosebi ambobdnen, RuRunam omSi
miiRo mwvave kontuzia da mas Semdeg
aris aseo...
xuTi wlis asakSi, Cemi daJinebuli
moTxovniT, viswavle wera-kiTxva, es
mas Semdeg moxda, roca aprilis mzian
dilas davinaxe, rogori JriamuliT
afrialebdnen Cemi ojaxis wevrebi da
mezoblebi fostalionis mier axalmotanil did gazeTs. pirvel gverdze
misi bavSvoba foTidan iwyeba. - paliastomis molivlive talRebidan, mamiseuli patara cisferi saxlidan da didi, kolorituli samezoblodan...
9 wlis iyo, rodesac ojaxi quTaisSi gadasaxlda.
Semdeg iyo warmatebebi skolaSi, mravaljer gaimarjva respublikur
olimpiadebSi... quTaisis saxelmwifo pedagogiuri institutis istoriafilologiis fakultetis, qarTuli enisa da literaturis mimarTulebaze
swavlobda... aqtiurad CaerTo didi qalaqis kulturul cxovrebaSi... skolis ocnebam, Jurnalisti gamxdariyo TavisTavad hpova asruleba... da uZvelesi, yoveldRiuri gazeTis, „quTaisis~ Jurnalisti gaxda. 35 welia quTaisis presis muSakia. axlaxan ki misi wigni „gaxsovs, quTaiso!~ gamovida,
romelsac didi gamoxmaurebebi mohyva.
- nanuli cxvedianis persona...
ucnaurqudiani (Turme - kosmonavtis
skafandriani) axalgazrda kacis foto
iyo dabeWdili. waramara vkiTxulobdi,
ra weria aq, ratom aris yvela ase gaxarebuli-meTqi. magram ufrosebs sad
ecalaT, rom CemTvisac waekiTxaT raime,
mxolod is miTxres, es mocinare lamazi biWi iuri gagarinia, kosmosSi gafrinda xomaldiTo. ai, maSin gadavwyvite,
mec meswavla kiTxva da iuri gagarinis
ambebis gasagebad ufrosebiviT mec gameSala is veeberTela furclebi, Turme
gazeTi rom erqva.
- pirveli SemoqmedebiTi cda...
- meore klasSi damewera pirveli
ubadruki leqsi, romelic mamaCemis mSobliur raWas mivuZRveni. imxanad sergo
kldiaSvilis mogonebebSi amovikiTxe,
rom misi megobrebi Rameebs aTenebdnen
riTmebis ZiebaSi. riTma rac iyo, amas
CemiT mivxvdi: leqss rom gansxvavebuli
daboloebebi hqonda, imiT.
hoda, daviwye saqvelmoqmedo ocneba:
didi rom gavizrdebi, riTmebis wigns
davwer da poetebs aRar dasWirdebaT
Rameebis gaTeneba, Cems wignSi amoikiTxaven maTTvis sasurvel, mzamzareul riT-
mebs-meTqi. sxvaTa Soris, isic megona,
rom poetebi klubebSi, wiTelmaudgadafarebul magidebTan korporaciulad
isxdnen da ase erToblivad qmnidnen
nawarmoebebs.
skolaSi kargad vswavlobdi. imxanad weris dedani iSviaTi saSovneli
iyo da Cemi sayvareli klara maswavlebeli, romlis wiTeli „friadebisa~
da mimzidvelad CaxuWuWebuli xelmoweris mibaZvasac ise gulmodgined vcdilobdi savarjiSo rveulSi, Cemi sufTa weris rveuls nimuSad atanda xolme
bavSvebs.
erTxelac „cudi~ ram SememTxva.
klara maswavlebelma dafaze agvixsna,
rogor ixateba foToli, gadaSlili
an dakecili wigni, mere ki dagvavala,
saxatav rveulebSi is dagvexata, rac
Tavad gvsurda. me gavixsene mezoblis
qorwilSi Soridan danaxuli suraTi
da feradi fanqrebiT, sakmaod operatiulad davxate „cekva qarTuli.~
arc kacis laRad mokecili marjvena muxli damviwyebia, arc - qalis xelebis moZraoba, metic - qalis mkerdisa
da kacis Sarvlis pikanturi naoWebic
27
gamovsaxe. is iyo, xatvas vamTavrebdi,
rom klara maswavleblis Sekivleba
momesma: „uzrdelo Sen! es ra aris, a?
esaa foToli da wigni? amoxie, Cqara,
es saSineleba, Cemma Tvalebma ar dainaxos!~ Tavzardacemuli davemorCile
da mere mTeli ori dRe permanentulad
imis SiSiT vicxovre, gabrazebul maswavlebels mSobeli ar daebarebina skolaSi da Cemi cudi saqcielis Sesaxeb
ar moeyola.
SeiZleba iTqvas, cxovrebaSi pirvel
cenzuras da sisastikes swored am
adreul asakSi gadavawydi.
- quTaisTan pirveli Sexvedra...
- 1965 wlis zafxulSi davtoveT
mamaCemis sakuTari xeliT aSenebuli
patara, cisferi saxli, xexilian-talaveriani ezo, Tvalcremliani mezoblebi
da ori didi satvirTo avtomanqaniT
gamoveSureT quTaisisaken.
papuCia erT-erTi manqanis Zaraze
ijda, rom saojaxo nivTebisa da avejisaTvis yuradReba mieqcia, me da Cemi umcrosi da cicino ki (amJamad saqarTvelos advokatTa asociaciis eTikis komisiis Tavmjdomare cicino cxvediani)
dedikosTan erTad visxediT da gzas
gafarToebuli TvalebiT gavyurebdiT.
arasodes damaviwydeba quTaisTan
pirveli Sexvedra. sicxisagan gaxurebul asfaltze daxeTqil-damskdari
leRvisa da adesis marcvlebis gamabruebeli, aromatuli surneli trialebda,
gadasasvlelze ki Cemi toli Wrelkabiani gogona damoukideblad gadarboda da me Zalian mikvirda, rom mas sul
ar eSinoda aseT did qalaqSi marto
siaruli.
quTaisisa da foTis meSvide saSualo skolebi imxanad damegobrebulebi
iyvnen da me da cicinoc swored aq
Segviyvanes. maxsovs, grZelnawnavebian
da TeTrbafTebian mesameklasel gogos
axali Tanaklaselebi rom Semomexvivnen
da saubari daviwyeT, rogor gamaogna
da SemaZrwuna iman, rom arc erTma maTganma ar icoda, sad iyo TeTri xidi,
TeTri qvebi, oqros Cardaxi - levan
asaTianis, daviT kvicariZisa da zurab
kuxianiZis wignebidan ase rom miyvarda,
Soridan veTayvanebodi da swored maT
gamo momixaroda quTaisisaken cxra
wlis meocnebes.
- moswavleTa sasaxlis xatvis wreSi dadiodiT...
- diax, movida is dRec, roca pirvelad miveaxle Cems sanatrel adgilebs
da metic, maTi daxatvac ki daviwye.
es maSin, roca pionerTa da moswavleTa
sasaxlis xatvis wreSi, Cveni jadoqa-
28
ri pedagogis - aleqsandre togoniZis
xeldasxmiT daviwye xatva da plenerebze siaruli. alioSa maswavlebelma
Cemi kompoziciebis pirveli personaluri gamofenac momiwyo, misi wyalobiT
gavxdi respublikuri saswavlo-SemoqmedebiTi olimpiadis laureati da
medalosanic, mravali di plomisa da
sigelis mflobelic.
pirveli adgili da pirveli xarisxis diplomebi movipove qarTuli weris
respublikur turebzec da, SeiZleba
iTqva, ukve gamoikveTa Cemi profesiuli
orientaciac - an samxatvro akademia,
an Jurnalistikis specialoba Tbilisis
saxelmwifo universitetSi.
samwuxarod, verc erTi! dedaCemi
mwared atirda, 16-17 wlis bavSvi marto
rogor gagiSva TbilisSi, nanua, Cemo
gogoo. hoda, raki mudam viyavi moridebuli da damTmobi ufrosi Svili, davemorCile mSoblis nebas - quTaisSi
davrCi.
- saintereso studentoba gqondaT...
xelnaweri Jurnalis oritomeulis pasuxismgebeli redaqtori iyaviT. aqtiurad eswrebodiT premierebs saxelmwifo dramatul da saopero TeatrebSi,
koncertebs, gamofenebs...
- skolis damTavrebisTanave did
misaReb konkursSi gavimarjve da kidev
12 bednier abiturientTan erTad gavxdi
quTaisis saxelmwifo pedagogiuri institutis istoria-filologiis fakultetis studenti, qarTuli enisa da
literaturis mimarTulebiT.
gvaswavlidnen Zalian kargi profesor-maswavleblebi. erTi maTgani gansakuTrebulad unda davasaxelo - docenti daviT maWavariani, es Zalian mkacri, martosuli, gaucinari, sinamdvileSi ki didsulovani da keTilSobili
kaci! SeiZleba iTqvas, qarTuli enisa
da poli personaluri zmnebis mTel
saidumlos dagvaufla, qarTuli enis
silamazes gvaziara.
meore kursze rom gadavdiodiT, me
zafxulSi damoukideblad davamuSave
Tema - „qvemo raWis metyvelebis Taviseburebani sofel qviSaris mcxovrebTa
magaliTiT da amave soflis toponimika.~
pirvel seqtembers Cemi umkacresi
leqtoris lmobieri mcire Rimilic
davimsaxure da misi verdiqtic: studentTa saenaTmecniero wres meoTxe-mexuTekurseli friadosani, gamorCeuli
studenti ki ara, amieridan Tqven, swored
Tqven uxelmZRvanelebT, meorekurselo
cxvediano!
yurebs ar davujere, magram institutis axalgazrda mweralTa wris xel-
mZRvanelobidan saswrafod rom gamaTavisufles da enaTmecnierebis siRrmiseulad Sesaswavlad gamamweses daviT
maWavarianis didi xaTriTa da pativiscemiT, mere raRas vizamdi.
daiwyo araCveulebrivi studenturi muSaoba - Zalian saintereso TemebiT.
wres mondomebuli momxseneblebic hyavda, mkacri oponentebic da diskusiaSi
monawileTa didi auditoriac. gamovuSviT xelnaweri Jurnalis ori tomic,
romelTa pasuxismgebel redaqtoradac
batonma daviTma me damniSna.
paralelurad, Cveni fakultetis
dekanis, ganaTlebuli da patrioti kacis, petre vaWriZis xelmZRvanelobiT,
aqtiurad davdiodiT premierebze saxelmwifo dramatul da saopero TeatrebSi, koncertebze, gamofenebze, mxatvris
saxelosnoebSi. misive didi Zalisxme-
viT, sxvadasxva dros moviwvieT: murman
lebaniZe, ana kalandaZe, fereidneli qarTvelebi, kidev bevri saintereso adamiani,
rezo inaniSvilTan Sexvedra ki piradad Cemi TaosnobiT da Cemi kurselebis
didi mxardaWeriT Catarda. axlac
gansakuTrebulad vinaxav maSindel fotoebs, rezo inaniSvilis SesaniSnavi
xelnaweri baraTi quTaisis saxelmwifo
istoriul muzeums gadaveci.
- studenti iyaviT, rodesac Tqven
mier dawerili recenzia moiwones…imavdroulad, respublikur literaturul
konkursSi Tqvenma dokumenturma moTxrobamac gaimarjva...
- mesame kursze viyavi, roca reJisorma gogi qavTaraZem mesxiSvilis Teatris
scenaze „didostatis marjvena~ dadga. qandaraze Zlivs viSoveT bileTebi
me da Cemma megobrebma. im RamiT Tvali
29
ar momixuWavs, iseTi mZafri STabeWdilebis qveS aRmovCndi saqarTvelos saxalxo artistis, SoTa pirvelis mier
gansaxierebuli farsman sparsiT - am
usamSobloo, martosuli kaciT.
diliT, cxel gulze, gavaSanSale
mozrdili werili da TeatrSi gavugzavne SoTa pirvels. mayureblis TvaliT
vafasebdi speqtaklis reJisuras, samsaxiobo ansambls, scenografias, SoTa
pirvelis mier sruliad gansxvavebulad, sakuTari aqtioruli StrixebiT
uzadod Sesrulebuli portretis sirTules. Tamamad da axalgazrduli daundoblobiT vakritikebdi speqtaklis
zogierTi monawilis zedapirul TamaSs.
axla, am gadasaxedidan, mgoni, zedmetad
metiCara bavSvic viyavi, magram werilma araCveulebrivi Sedegi gamoiRo: meore
dResve SoTa pirveli institutSi mobrZanda Cems gasacnobad, manamde ki, rogorc mogvianebiT Sevityve, Turme partiis
saqalaqo komitetis dargobrivi sferos xelmZRvaneloba Cauyenebia saqmis
kursSi: erTi patara gogo aRmovaCine,
romelsac uyvars Teatri da rogorme
gavzardoT Jurnalistad, vinc Teatrze
dawers. ai, aseTi kadriT unda gadaxalisdes redaqciao. saxalxo artistis
sityva maSin haerSi ki ar ganibneoda.
saswrafod darekes institutSi, damibares qalaqkomSi, magram mesamekurseli rom aRmovCndi, aman gegmebi droebiT
Secvala.
Tumca yvelafer amas uSedegod mainc
ar Cauvlia - maSinve gamiCnda dauZleveli ambicia, rom, diaxac, memuSava JurnalistikaSi da vyofiliyavi qalaqSi
gamomavali uZvelesi, qarTulenovani, yoveldRiuri gazeT „quTaisis~ kargi TanamSromeli. uniWieresi Jurnalistebis,
presaSi Cemi pirveli masawavleblebis
- sergo maRlaferiZisa da ruTa beroZis pirvel sagazeTo davalebebsac (interviuebi, reportaJebi, korespondenciebi) Tavi yovelgvari redaqtirebis
gareSe gavarTvi da erT mSvenier dRes
redaqtorma givi mefisaSvilma xeli
moawera brZanebas, romlis Tanaxmadac,
1979 wlis oqtombridan gazeT „quTaisis~ korespondenti da literaturuli muSaki gavxdi.
ho, amas kidev is uZRoda win, rom
mweralTa kavSirisa da Jurnal „ganTiadis~ mier gamocxadebul respublikur
literaturul konkursSi, romelSic
cnobili mwerlebi monawileobdnen, Cemma
dokumenturma moTxrobam - „me vin damimtvrevs frTebs~ mesame adgili da
fuladi premia moi pova.
- pirveli nabijebi…sabWoTa droSi
30
mogiwiaT. muSaoba…ar giWirdaT?
- ar iyo mTlad advili. magram mTeli yuradReba imaze gadavitane, rac
SeiZleba, saintereso formiT mewera,
kargad Semeswavla Janruli specifika
da amiT mainc Semerbilebina is ideologiuri CarCo, rasac imxanad Cveni
nawerebisagan iTxovdnen. aseve yvelgan
veZebdi saintereso Temebs, respondentebs.
arada, ra dro iyo! etyoba, profesiuli TviTgadarCenis mZlavri instinqti
gamovimuSave da, raRacnairad, gverdi
avuare weris koniunqturul formas.
maxsendeba, rogor damibara erTxel presis saxlSi mjdomma mTavlitma, anu
sabWoTa cenzorma, Taviseburad kargma
adamianma, da „treningi~ Camitara: arasdros gamoiyeno sityvaTSexameba: „gaerTianebuli aviarazmi~, ar axseno sajariso SenaerTis nomeri, saidumlo qarxana „vosxodi~ an „zaria~ da ase Semdeg. ratom? imitom, rom mters informacia ar misce! imitom da imitom!..
aman redaqciaSi mec da Cems TanaTaobel Jurnalistebsac kanonTan Sinagani
sifrTxile da imis SiSiT wera gvaswavla, emand cenzorma ar dagviWras nawerio, faqizad varCevdiT sityvebs, frazebs.…samwuxarod, ase Camogviyalibda
TviTcenzura SigniT, CvenSi.
iyo kidev erTi mZime momenti - masalis Tema da Sinaarsi winaswar unda
SegveTanxmebina ganyofilebis gamgis, pasuxismgebeli mdivnis, an redaqtorisaTvis, radgan, sul advilad SeiZleboda,
redaqcias raRac mizeziT daewunebina,
aRar dabeWdiliyo da Cveni respondentebis winaSe friad uxerxul mdgomareobaSi aRmovCeniliyaviT. dRevandeli
JurnalistebiviT Tavisufali arCevani
ki ar gvqonda!
zogjer Zalian saintereso faqts
operatiulad gadavwydomivar, magram,
zemdgomTan SeTanxmebamde ver damiweria.
am dros xom Tema „civdeba~, emocia
mkrTaldeba, nawers sxivi ekargeba intrigasTan erTad.
- 35 weli imuSaveT quTaisis presaSi, aqedan bolo 15 weli regionuli
damoukidebeli gazeT „postskri ptumis~ redaqtori iyaviT. gaavleT paraleli gasuli saukunis 80-iani wlebisa
da axlandel Jurnalistikas Soris...
- ideologiur CarCoebSi mkacrad
moqceuli, magram SemoqmedebiTad kargad
ganviTarebuli Cveni da ufrosi Taobis
Jurnalistebi did yuradRebas uTmobdnen masalis Janrul mravalferovnebas, siRrmes da sicxades, enisadmi faqiz
damokidebulebas, leqsikas, orTogra-
fias, saTaurebis akademiurobas.
samagierod, axlandelebi Seudarebelni arian wyaroebis moZiebaSi, aseve informaciis werisas mxareebis Seudareblad maRal doneze dabalansebaSi.
marTalia, weris niWi da kultura
dRes iSviaTad aqvs mosawoni vinmes,
magram, samagierod, Jurnalistebis erTian masas - Tanamedrove uaxlesi teqnologiebis moSveliebiT da energiulobiT - operatiulad, TiTqmis faqtis
moxdenisTanave gamoaqvs informacia mkiTxvelis (mayureblis, msmenelis) didi
auditoriis winaSe.
axali media pirdapir saswaulebs
axdens operatiulobis TvalsazrisiT…
Tu adre publicistika yvaoda, axla
niusi meufeobs. adre Jurnalistebi
cotani iyvnen da Tavmdablobis gamo
arc uwodebdnen sakuTar Tavs „Jurnalists~, axla pirveli kursis studentsac Jurnalisti hqvia da did treningebze dadis redaqciis saxeliT. mTavari, rac momwons axali Taobis JurnalistebSi, is aris, rom Tamamad Slian
faqts sainformacio sababis mixedviT
da patara-patara niusebad da siuJetebad anawevreben.
Cven meorexarisxovan detalebsac
ki ver vTmobdiT da, Sedegad, „zewrebs~
vafrialebdiT gazeTis furclebze. Tumca, aqve davZen, rom adre meti pasuxismgebloba iyo sazogadoebis winaSe, faqtebi, citatebi, titulebi, cifrebi mkacrad gadamowmdeboda xolme. kidev erTi:
axla uaxlesi teqnikuri aRWurvilobaa,
rogorc vTqvi, movlenis adgilidan
sul raRac wuTebSi, pirdapir gadmoicema masala, Cven ki wignakebisa da avtokalmebis Taoba varT, xeliT viwerdiT
interviuebs, xeliTve vaqcevdiT statiebad da reportaJebad. piradad me Jurnalisturi saqmianobis meTeqvsmete
welsRa meRirsa diqtofoni.
- rogor daiwera wigni „gaxsovs,
quTaiso?~
- sajaro biblioTekaSi, sadac bolo
sami welia, Zveli gazeTebis bibliografiis Seqmnaze vmuSaob, Zvel kompleqtebs vaTvalierebdi da aRmovaCine, rom
Turme wlebis manZilze Sevxvedrivar
Zalian bevr saintereso adamians da
damiweria mniSvnelovan Temebze. damenana
sadRac-sadRac, Jurnal-gazeTebSi mimobneuli es didi informacia, romelic,
Cemi azriT, sayuradRebo SeiZleboda
yofiliyo axali Taobis mkiTxvelisTvisac.
vifiqre, am aTasobiT werilidan mxolod quTaisTan garkveuli kuTxiT
dakavSirebuli Temebi amomerCia. sul
samasamde portreti, interviu, reportaJi da statia SevarCie, aqedan ki sabolood 150-mde „moviwone~. Cemi wignis
dizaineri, saukeTeso kolega da adamiani,
irma baxutaSvili, lamis xelCarTul
oms micxadebda yoveli „amogdebuli~
masalis gamo, magram mkacri avtori
var. ise, gamonaklisic bevrjer davuSvi - wignSi Sevitane iseTi werilebi,
romlebic maincdamainc ar momwonda,
magram respondentisa Tu Temis gamo
gavxdi „keTili~. wigni sul 660-gverdiania, Seicavs unikalur saarqivo fotomasalas. da sul rom ar movelodi,
iseTi didi gamoxmaureba mohyva quTaisSi.
- 35 wlis ganmavlobaSi kulturis sakiTxebze muSaobdiT da quTaisis
karg meistoried gicnoben. yvelaze metad romel ambavs gaixsenebT axla?
- „kargi meistorie?~ - am Sefasebas,
gulwrfelad vityvi, ar vimsaxureb.
ise ki, vwerdi ekonomikis, politikis
da, gansakuTrebiT, socialur Temebzec,
magram quTaisis bolo aswleulis istoria da kulturis sferoSi mimdinare
ambebi yovelTvis yvelaze metad mainteresebda.
Cems wignSi „gaxsovs, quTaiso?~ albaT, gansakuTrebiT Rirebulia galaktionze,pipinia miqelaZeze,lado asaTianze,
sandro cirekiZeze, Zvel quTaTur ojaxebze mopovebuli dokumenturi masala.
- albaT, iyo reportaJebi, romelic
sxvadasxva mizezis gamo wignSi ar SeitaneT...
- wignSi ar Semitania is reportaJi,
romelic Cems megobarTan, nino ciramuasTan erTad 1980 wlis 5 noembers
movamzade merab berZeniSvilis sabrZolo didebis memorialis gaxsnisas. aTasobiT adamiani Camovida saqarTvelos
yvela kuTxidan, civi, susxiani amindis
miuxedavad, yvela uaRresad bednieri
iyo, radgan aseTma Rrubelmac ver daCrdila masobrivi sixaruli, erovnulobis is sayovelTao gancda, rasac grandiozul stelaze aRmarTuli brinjaos
TmagaSlili deda, mamulisaTvis Sobili misi mozrdili Tu jerac CanasaxSi
myofi Svilebi, qongurebze axmianebuli brinjaos Svidi zari da, rac mTavaria, maradisobidan cxendacxen gamoWrili, wels zemoT SiSveli, dakunTuli mzeWabuki iwvevdnen. mzeWabuks xelT
epyra zeaRmarTuli satevari, romlidanac maradiuli lurji cecxli ifrqveoda. es ar iyo sabWoTa koniunqturiT
gakeTebuli Zegli, es sruliad qarTuli,
didi erovnuli ideisa da Sinaarsis
nawarmoebi gaxldaT.
iciT, kidev ra moxda? lenti rom
31
gaiWra, uTvalavi mtredi auSves caSi
da erT-erTi maTgani marjvenaze daajda merab berZeniSvils. zustad am dros
TiTqos „ca gaixsna~ - Rrublebi gairRva da mzis naTeli sveti daeSva memorialze, romlis Sublzec Svidi sakraluri zari sxvadasxva xmiT wkrialebda!
am Zegls daangrevda moazrovne adamiani? Tanac, axalgazrda dedisa da patara gogonas sicocxlec rom emsxverpla, namdvili damnaSave ki miafuCeCes!
Zalian mtkiva es ambavi da wignSi
Setanas moveride, iqneb damaviwydes rodesme.
siCqaris gamo, wignSi Setanili ara
maqvs kidev erTi saintereso ram. erTxel saqarTvelos saxalxo mxatvarma,
rezo gabriaZis muzam, cnobilma moqandakem da koloritulma kacma, valerian
mizandarma gamomcdeli RimiliT mkiTxa,
Sen Tu ici, mxatvari giorgi maisuraZe
sad aris dakrZalulio? rogor ara,
mwvaneyvavilas mweralTa da sazogado
moRvaweTa panTeonSi, warwerac xom aqvs
saflavs-meTqi. ara, genacvale, saflavis warwera ki aris, magram im qvis
qveS giorgi maisuraZis neSti ar ganisvenebs, carieliao.
didad rom gavioce, batonma valikom
miambo, 50-ian wlebSi, roca panTeoni
oficialurad gaixsna, quTaisis sxvadasxva sasaflaodan gadmoasvenes micvalebulebi. giorgi maisuraZe safiCxiidan wamoiyvanes da, sanam saflavs moawyobdnen, droebiT dafles wminda giorgis eklesiis kedelTan, iq, sadac axla
agurebia amoSenebuli. mere, ratomRac,
aRar Caasvenes am axalgaWril saflavSi
da iqve datoves, warwera ki aris, magram...
vTxove, Cems moswavleebTan - norC
JurnalistebTan erTad amyeviT panTeonSi da maCveneT is adgili, sadac realurad ganisvenebs didi qarTveli mxatvari-meTqi. kio, xalisiT damTanxmda. momdevno dReebSi cudi amindebi iyo, mere
TviTon gaxldaT SeuZlod, kidev raRac
moxda da…uceb... valiko mizandari ar
gardaicvala?!
wlebis manZilze mawvalebs es faqti,
vis ar vkiTxe, vis ar mivmarTe da aravis axsovs. arada, mxolod me xom ar
momiyveboda am istorias! isic sakvirvelia, rom batoni valiko mxatvarTa
organizaciis Tavkaci iyo, Tu aseT
informacias flobda, ratom ar daayena
sakiTxi „zemdgomis~ winaSe? etyoba,
raki mZime reJimi iyo, ar moxerxdeboda
maSin aseTi cudi SemTxvevis gaxmianeba.
- rogoria Tqveni TvaliT danaxuli namdvili quTaisi? ra mogwonT da
32
ra ara? rogor qalaqs isurvebdiT?
- quTaiss aqvs Tavisi Zlieri mistika, maradi suli, romelsac, vfiqrob,
mxolod rezo WeiSvili da rezo gabriaZe Caswvdnen nawarmoebebiT - „musika
qarSi~ da „quTaisi qalaqia~. es aris
Zalian gamorCeuli tradiciebis, cotaoden snoburi sociumis, TviTmyofadi
arqiteqturuli ganaSenianebis qalaqi.
samwuxarod, bolo wlebSi xelisuflebaSi mosulma gaunaTlebelma Cinovnikebma Zlier aur-dauries warsulidan SemorCenili faseulobebi, uxeSad
xelyves tradiciuli kolorituli
arqiteqtura, kulturuli memkvidreobis Zeglebi. magaliTad, operis Teatris morTva-mokazmvisa da saxuravze
raRac Suasaukuneebis romael moqalaqeTa jgufis damontaJebis Semdeg, iqve,
faliaSvilis ZeglTan, daundoblad
moWres istoriuli bulvaris kuTvnili
ori didi xe, raTa „reabilitebuli
Teatris~ sazeimod gasaxsnelad Camosuli saakaSvilisaTvis Ria auditoria
moewyoT da gamoTavisuflebul adgilze skamebi CaedgaT sagangebod SerCeuli sazogadoebisaTvis. es 170 wlis
bulvari erT dros akaki wereTlis,
mamia gurielis, giorgi SarvaSiZis, kirile lorTqifaniZis, daviT kldiaSvilis, niko nikolaZis, giorgi zdanoviC-maisaSvilis, kirile zdaneviCis, dimitri yifianis, rafiel erisTavis, daviT mevelis, vasil amaSukelis, galaktionis, cisferyanwelebisa da sxva gamoCenil adamianTa sulieri savane iyo.
akakis TqmiT, „quTaisis parlamenti~,
anu sazogadoebriv azrTa safixvno gaxldaT, - da dRes iq sxvadasxva usaxuri
nagebobaa Cadgmuli, aswlovan xeebs Soris savali bilikebi - Semcirebuli,
SadrevanTa auzebi da Siga moednebi gafarToebuli, manqanebis sadgomebi ki
- Camosajdom merxebTan uxeSad SemoWrili. gana dro ar aris, quTaisis sakrebulom sagangebo dadgenileba miiRos,
raTa bulvari gadaarCinos xelyofisa
da sxva da sxva dros Tanamdebobebze
moxvedril uRirs adamianTa madisagan?
marto is rad Rirs, rom ukve aRar
arsebobs, moWrilia is istoriuli Wadari, romlis CrdilqveSac kote marjaniSvili, uSangi CxeiZe, Salva RambaSiZe, axalgazrda giorgi SavguliZe da
sxva korifeebi scenisagan Tavisufal
dros idgnen!
siaxle da Tanamedroveoba uTuod
unda Semovides, magram ara - Rirebuli
siZvelis ganadgurebis xarjze?
visurvebdi, qalaqs rodesme hyolodes iseTi xelisufali, vinc quTaisis
mcodne, profesional adamianebs gverdiT
amoiyenebs, Seqmnis sazogadoebriv jgufs
da yoveli axali obieqtis aSenebamde,
Zveli Senobebis dangrevamde, quCebisaTvis saxelebis mikuTvnebamde, memorialuri dafebis gakvramde, masobrivi RonisZiebebis tradiciad gadaqcevamde maT
azrs moismens!
gana SeiZleba, qalaqs hyavdes iseTi
adamianebi, rogoricaa, magaliTad, samuzeumo saqmis didi mcodne da gamocdili gidi guram gegeWkori, mravali
wignis avtori da saarqivo dokumentaciis Seudarebeli mkvlevari, istorikosi merab kezevaZe, ZvelisZveli fotomasalisa da gamocemebis koleqcioneri da quTaisis koloritis faqizi
Semfasebeli, mwerali soso iarRanaSvili, sxva msgavsi profesionalebi da
ar hkiTxo maT rCeva mSobliuri qalaqis sasargeblod?
- Tqven ambobT, rom Tqveni wigni
aris fiqrebi quTaisze. namdvili quTaisi, - rogori iyo da vin qmnida aseT
qalaqs? risi nostalgia gaqvT?
- namdvili quTaisi „xaSlama kacebisa~ da medrove kacunebis miRmaa, mistikis wiaRSia danTqmuli. is arc WiWikiabiWikias ugemovno anekdotebisaa, arc
„Savi gagebis biWebisa~ da arc xelovnurad Seqmnili „qalaqis koloritebis~.
roca vambob, rom quTaiss yovelTvis
hyavda da hyavs gansakuTrebuli sociumi, vgulisxmob iseT adamianebs, rogoric iyvnen: pi pinia miqelaZe, kolia
qvariani, JorJika iaSvili, oTar (meoba)
sulaberiZe, petre Wabukiani, valiko
mizandari, vaxtang giorgaZe, guCa ioseliani, bayuCia (vaxtang) megreliSvili,
amur fxakaZe, aleko kvimsaZe (fiStera),
ilo fotografi, markoziCi (Jora grZeliSvili), oTar qandaria, bernand
(francia) nebieriZe, lili nucubiZe,
ruTa beroZe, nestan kveiZe, petre vaWriZe, rezo javaxaZe da sxva mravali,
yvelas ras CamovTvli!
ai, yovelTvis im quTaisis nostalgia
maqvs, roca egzom faseuli iyo mSobliuri qalaqis siyvaruli da erTguleba, keTilmezobloba, Tanadgoma, sxvisi
azris dafaseba, SesanarCunebeli tradiciis SenarCuneba, cudis - daviwyeba
da gauqmeba.
- Tqvens wignSi araerT karg mweralTanaa interviu, anda masze mogonebaa
gamoqveynebuli romel saubars gamoyofdiT?
- saerTod, TxuTmetamde interviu
maqvs rezo WiSvilTan - sruliad sxvadasxva Temaze. zogjer Tavadac mikavSirdeboda, saTqmeli rom daugrovde-
boda saqveyno sakiTxebze. masTan stumroba, „interviusgareT saubrebi~ kidev
ufro saintereso iyo.
me gansakuTrebiT movigonebdi 2008
wlis mwifobisTvis 20-s, roca batonma
rezom Tavisi romanidan „askilis wiTeli yvavili~ SerCeuli 340-349 gverdebi xmamaRla wamikiTxa da avtoriseuli
kiTxvis ganumeorebel fenomens maziara.
maSin miTxra, rom duglas (ia) xeiZis
prototi pi soliko xabeiSvilia, misi
dRiurebi waukiTxavs da iqidan bevri
fsiqologiuri niuansi wamouRia. Cems
SekiTxvaze - weris dros sakuTar gamonaTqvamebze, groteskul da iumoristul
pasaJebze Tavad Tu gecinebaT-meTqi, man
ubralod mipasuxa: ufro xSirad vtirio.
aseve axlo urTieToba mqonda otia
ioselianTan. rogor vnanob, rom redaqciaSi misi xSiri stumrobisas diqtofons ar vrTavdi xolme. araCveulebrivi mTxrobeli iyo, dinji, keTilganwyobili, gawonasworebuli. iseTi mkacri,
gamqirdavi da „dialeqtze mosaubre~
ki ara, sazogadoebas rom hgonia. misi
mosmenis Semdeg mrCeboda uzarmazari
STabeWdilebebi, mwerlis WiqaSi bolomde Seusmelad datovebuli uSaqro
yava da nikotiniT erTianad gaJRenTili
samuSao oTaxi.
me ar vewevi, amitom saferfle arc
mqonda da wyaltubos redaqtoris mier
naCuqar, romeliRac karstTan napovn
jamisebr qvas mivarTmevdi xolme. axlac
Senaxuli maqvs es relikvia, zed batoni
otias sigaretebis namwvavebia dasresili.
- quTaisi „cisferyanwelebis~ qalaqia. ramdenad axsovs es Tavad qalaqs?
- mkrTalad! - vTqvaT simarTle. am
bolo dros fondis „cisferyanwelTa
xsovnisaTvis~ xelmZRvanelma, qalbatonma nino CxikviSvilma Tbilisidan
gamoacocxla Cveni qalaqi, „Seawuxa~
quTaisis meria da, Sesabamisad, amaTi
finansuri mxardaWeriT Catarda kidec
„cisferyanwelTa~ kargi saRamo - speqtaklebi, memorialuri dafebi gaukeTda paolosa da kolaus mamiseul saxlebs, gamoica unikaluri fotoalbomi.
magram es, vfiqrob, jer kidev cotaa.
iqneb, isev qalbatonma ninom iaqtiuros da oficialurad daayenos erTi
sakiTxic, romelzec me 90-ani wlebidan uSedegod vwer da Cems wignSic
aris Setanili araerTi saintereso
dokumenturi masala. mokled, iqneb daadges saSveli saflavdakarguli „cisferyanwelis~, „qarTuli prozis batoniSvilis~, uniWieresi mwerlisa da
gamomcemlis, sandro cirekiZis saxelis
darqmevas quTaisis romelime quCisaTvis.
- survili, romelic ar agisruldaT...
- ver daibeWda Cemi ideiT da Cem
mier Sedgenil-dawerili, Cemive redaqtorobiT Sekruli, a-5 formatis, 700gverdiani, samenovani, uxvad ilustrirebuli enciklopedia „imereTi~. gamomcemloba „postskri ptumis~ dakveTiT,
ori weli vimuSave aTasobiT informaciaze, kidev ori weli - guram wibaxaSvilTan da irine abJandaZesTan erTad,
fotogadaRebebisaTvis, fexdafex Semoviare imereTis yvela raioni da TiTqmis
yvela sofeli. iyo umZimesi, urTulesi da Zalian saintereso samuSao, magram mTeli Cveni naSromi wyalSi Caiyara. daufinanseblobis gamo es proeqti
aRar (an veRar) ganxorcielda.
- samomavlod ras apirebT?
- ara maqvs didad ambiciuri gegmebi,
albaT, sajaro biblioTekis ramdenime
TanamSromelTan erTad Zveli gazeTebis kvlevas ganvagrZob, Tan, paralelurad, axali JurnalisaTvis davwer statiebs - mainc ver veSvebi Jurnalistikas. kidev erT Temas saidumlod davtoveb - ise, intrigisaTvis...
esaubra
Tamar SaiSmelaSvili
33
amerikaSi:
niu-iorkSi:
164 Brighton 11 St.
Brooklyn NY 11235
Tel: 718-934-1700
Alt: 347-500-5037
Tel: 201-333-5555
www.barami.us
niu-jersSi:
84 Harbor Drive,
Jersey City, NJ 07305
Tel: 201-333-5555
delavareSi:
4 Lewis circle
Wilmington, DE 19804
302-930-0705
filialebi:
Tbilisi
quTaisi
rusTavi
baTumi
gori
bolnisi
Telavi
marneuli
amanaTebi
4-5 samuSao dReSi
aSS-dan saqarTveloSi
erTi paunti - 2.50$-dan;
amanaTebis gamogzavna
saqarTvelodan
avtomobilebis
yidva-gayidva
saqarTvelosa da amerikaSi;
avtomobilis, komerciuli
da piradi tvirTis
Sida gadazidvebi
aSS-Si.
www.barami.us
Cvens saitze
daregistrirebiT Tqven gagiadvildebaT:
- kredit-kartiT gadaxda;
- amanaTis statusis Semowmeba;
- amanaTis adgilidan aRebis SekveTa
www.barami.us
www.baramicar.com
www.facebook.com/Barami.us
34
cf,f
romani-epopea
abrundebiani
saukune
pirveli kamara
Jurnalis wina nomridan daviwyeT
dabeWdva emigraciaSi Seqmnili am qarTuli romanisa, romelic `mamulis~ mkiTxvelebisaTvis eqskluzivia, radgan
ibeWdeba wignad gamocemamde ki ara, aramed weris dasrulebamde - romanis
mxolod sami tomia dasrulebulia.
rat
om saba?
ratom
mxolod imitom, rom erTxel da samudamod gaqarwyldes miTi evropis ugulobisa. erTxel da samudamod unda daingres miTi `alodines da meTxuTmete
kacad Sevida~...
evropa, marTalia almacerad gviyurebda da daviwyebulic vyavdiT, magram
rafinireba aZlevda imis saSualebas,
rom efiqra mainc yovel winadadebaze
siRrmiseulad.
swored imitom saba, rom kargad gavaanalizoT, axla mainc, Cveni orientiri. danarCeni romanis furclebze...
nikifore irbaxi kristoforo de kastelis
albomidan
35
kargad icoda rostom mefem, Tu saidan moxvda
es ucnauri kaci levanis sasaxleSi. TviTonac araerTxel Sexvedria mas da yvelafris miuxedavad es
megreli jvris mama, rogorc mas odiSelni uwodebdnen, bolomde gamoucnobi darCenila ispaaneli yularaRasisTvis da qarTlis mefisaTvis. nikifores levanTan gamoCenam da levanis Sors mimavalma miznebma
metismetad daafiqra rostomi:
levanisTvis brmad xelis Sewyoba ar SeiZleboda.
man foTis mitacebiT da ruxis cixe-qalaqis
aSenebiT, marTalia, sparseTs zRvaze gasasvleli
gauxsna, magram amiT iribad safrTxe TviT qarTlis
taxtsac daemuqreboda axlo momavalSi da colisZmisTvis imereTis ganadgurebaSi xelis Sewyoba
TviTmkvlelobis tol-fasi iqneboda. amitom saidumlo molaparakeba osmaleTTan gamarTa. amis Sesaxeb
arc sparseTs gaugia araferi da arc odiSs, miT
umetes imereTs. am molaparakebis Sedegad agrZnobines levans, SeCerebuliyo, gamanadgurebeli dartyma
ar mieyenebina quTaiTisisTvis.
levanis gegmebi xom im ucnauri nikifores TavSi
ixarSeboda.
evropam sxvanairad gadaubruna tvini nikolozyofil nikifores.
gana cotaa rva wlidan izrdeboda kaTolikur samyaroSi.
roca saqarTveloSi Camovida, Teimurazi gverdidan
ar icilebda, misi azrebiT sazrdoobda. romis papebsa
da kardinalebSi gamozrdili bavSvi iveriaSi evropelad Camovida. yvelafris mimarT Taviseburi Sexeduleba gaaCnda. erTi rac iyo, qarTuli ena ar
hqonda daviwyebuli. TumcaRa Tavi gamoWedili hqonda
nikolo makiavelis moZRvrebiT, martin luTerisa
da Jan kalvinis msoflWvretas upirispirebda ignasio
loiolas qmediT nabijebs, sazrdoobda horaciusis
naazreviT da kiTxulobda Seqspiris pirvel beWdur
gamocemebs. gasigrZeganebuli hqonda qristefore
kolumbisa da fernando magelanis Soreul mogzaurobaTa raoba.
erTis sityviT,
nikifore irbaxi aRar iyo martoden qarTveli,
an gaevropelebuli kaTolike beri,
igi msoflio kaci iyo...
aseTebis dro modioda.
galileo galileis leqciebsac daswrebia Zmaabatebisgan uCumrad. mecnieris sityvebma, romliTac
man Tavis auditorias mimarTa „varskvlavebi Tqvens Rirsebebze metyvelebeno,” mTeli misi cxovrebis Sinaarsi wamarTa. am damatyvevari leqciis Semdeg sruliad gansxvavebulad
daakvirda cis kabadons, piradad galileisgan SeiZina
36
kompasi da gamyidvelisganve iswavla misi xmarebis
wesi. am isedac ucnaur kacs frTebi esxmeboda;
bevri ram hqonda gagonili galileis kvlevebze idumal esaubreboda mcirericxovan auditorias
moazrovne Tavis axal Teoriaze samyaros heliocentruli sistemis Sesaxeb. sagangebod afrTxilebda
Tavis laboratoriaSi Sekrebil sando msmenelebs:
- arsad gaamxiloT amis Sesaxebo.
arc gaumxelia nikifore irbaxs evropaSi aravisTan galileisTan urTierToba, mecniers ar Seuqmnida
safrTxes mxilebiT.
nikifores xelT iyo msoflios garSemo oTxgzis
gadacurvis sakacobrio gamocdileba.
gulisyuriT adevnebda Tvals jordano brunos
sasamarTlo procesebs; es sasamarTlo ganxilvebi
dasrulda Tu ara, kongregaciam damnaSaved scno
dominikeli beri, romlis gadawyvetilebasac mxari
dauWira papma da gadasca igi sainkvizicio tribunals. manac Tavis mxriv daadgina, rom Zmai jordani
gamousworebeli da mounaniebeli eretikosia da
amitom koconze dawviT unda daisajoso.
marTlac, Tebervlis erT susxian dRes Sua
romSi navonis piacasa da palaco farnezes naxevargzaze kampo del’fioris moedanze, romelsac TargmanebiT yvavilTa veli hqvia, koconze daswves epoqis
moazrovne.
msoflio istoriasTan erTad sikvdiliT dasjis
am ceremonials Rrmnad dafiqrebuli uyurebda da
xedavda TxuTmeti wlis ymawvili tomiTa da modgmiT
ucxoeli, rwmeniT qristiani, marTlmadideblobasa
da kaTolikobas Soris gaxiduli. am dRem suliT
xorcamde SesZra nikifore irbaxi, qarTvelobaSi
nikoloz ColoyaSvil-irrubaqiZe.
yvelafris miuxedavad misi SegnebisTvis xeli
ar SeuSlia am movlenebs, raTa berad Semdgariyo
da Tavi uflisTvis daeTmo. swored berad Sedgomis
Semdeg saeriskaco saxeli nikolozi nikifored
gardasaxa.
es romis wmida basilis berZnul eklesiaSi
moxda, sul male politikuri miznebis gamo marTlmadidebloba kaTolikobiT Secvala da kliment VIII-s
ewvia, raTa eTxova misTvis Sewevna iveriisa da mefe Teimurazisa. saerTod, nikiforesaTvis religia
warmoadgenda miznis miRwevis erT-erT umTavres
saSualebas da misi saxesxvaoba did sirTules ar
warmoadgenda. mTavari iyo, saWiroebis aucilebloba
da igi mzad iyo araTu qristianoba, saerTod RvTismosaobac daeTmo.
nikiforesTvis Tu mniSvnelovani iyo wmida Tavdadebis magaliTebi, aranakleb mniSvnelovani iyo Tavis
gadarCenis maradi instinqti, romelic bolos Cve-
vad gadaeqca da igi yovelTvis cocxali gamodioda
nebismieri xifaTisgan. sarwmunoebrivi cvlilebebi
mas did codnas avalebda im sarwmunoebisa, romelsac
igi Rebulobda da imdenad did codnas, rom misi
meTaurebi daerwmunebina imaSi, rom igi es-esaa Seudga
WeSmarit rwmenas. Tanamosaubre bolomde verasdros
igebda, ra iyo nikiforesTvis WeSmariteba. misnair
xalxs evropaSi koconze wvavdnen, sparseTSi Tavs
Wridnen, iveriaSi Tvalebs Txridnen, an gankveTis
sasjels adebdnen. nikifore ki yovelTvis Tavis
simaRleze idga da am simaRlis xelovnurad momatebas ar cdilobda, radgan icoda mefeTa da mRvdelTmTavarTa zne-Cveulebani. isic kargad uwyoda, misnair adamianebs ras uwodebdnen evropaSi, muslimanur
qveynebsa da TviT saqarTveloSi.
pirvelTaTvis nikifore eretikosi iqneboda,
meoreTaTvis derviSi,
mesameTaTvis gandgomili da meroWike beris anaforaSi gadacmuli ucxo qveynebidan Semogzavnili
jaSuSi.
nikifore im xalxis wreSi trialebda, vinc sakacobrio istorias qmnida, mefe iqneboda es, papi
da kardinali, Tu mecnieri da sazogadoebisTvis
saSiSi pirovneba. igi arc erT maTganTan ar Takilobda urTierTobas. igi arasodes ar flidobda da
arc TvalTmaqcobda aravisTan, mxolod sakuTar
Tavs warmoaCenda gansakuTrebuli mzeris fokusidan
da mefeebi da papebi mas Tavidan mxolod imitom
ar icilebdnen, rom surdaT bolomde amoecnoT es
amoucnobi adamiani. amasobaSi ki nikifore Tavis
saqmes pirnaTlad asrulebda. unda iTqvas isic,
rom mas piradi saqme arasodes hqonia, garda patronis
davalebisa, xolo am patrons TviTon irCevda.
es patroni ki jer Teimuraz kaxTa mefe iyo,
Semdeg ki levan dadiani.
sxva patroni mas arasodes hyolia. arada, yvelas
ise aCvenebda Tavs, TiTqos is „yvela“ iyo misi erTaderTi mfarveli da keTilismyofeli. aravis ar
epirfereboda, yovelTvis imas axlida pirSi yvela
Zliers ama soflisas, rasac fiqrobda, Tundac es
maTTvis mware da arasasiamovno mosasmeni yofiliyo.
patronTa garda igi aravis uyvarda, arc eSinodaT,
mxolod ufrTxodnen da misgan rac SeiZleba Sors
iWerdnen Tavs, es TviTon nikifore ar anebebda
Tavs, isinic verasgziT ver usxltebodnen xelidan,
radgan nikifore iseT xlarTebs xlarTavda, rom
igi saWiro pirovneba xdeboda „ZlierTa ama soflisaTa“-sTvis.
isinic eZebdnen mas,
Tan gaurbodnen,
magram mainc eZebdnen.
nikiforem sakuTari Tavisgan erTgvari sivrce
Seqmna, romelic Tan dahqonda kusaviT. dacarielebul
sivrces ki verafriT avsebdnen, Tu ara iseve nikifore
da misi personis atana. igi zedmets aravis arasfers
Txovda. arc gavlenas ewafeboda da arc pativdidebas. gavlena TavisiT modioda. sasaxleTa kuluarebSi
mudamJams cdilobdnen, xelSi CaegdoT es ucnauri
kaci, igi ki yovelTvis mouxelTebeli rCeboda maTTvis. kargad icoda nikiforem, elitasTan rom gaeba TamaSebi, aucileblad daRupavdnen da im oqros
wonasworobas daakargvinebdnen
riTac ase momxiblavia,
riTac ase saWiroa,
riTac ase aucilebelia
nikifore irbaxi.
amitom mis nacnobTa siaSi ar ewera didgvarovnebi. iyvnen ki saxelmwifoTa umaRlesi da umdablesi warmomadgenlebi. kontrasti uaRresia iseTive,
rogoric TviTon nikiforea.
jer kidev ymawvilma gamoimuSava iseTi Tviseba,
romliTac sakuTari Tavis aSkara upiratesobas
agrZnobinebda yvela garSemo myofT ise, rom es gamaRizianebeli ar yofiliyo, ra Tqma unda, garkveul
dromde. es garkveuli dro misTvis saWiro iyo
imisTvis, rom gascloda iqaurobas, sadac im wuTs
imyofeboda. ase iyo:
swavlis dros yvelanairad cdilobda codnoda
pedagogebze meti, xolo droTa ganmavlobaSi galileis gavlenis wyalobiT cdilobda scodnoda iseTi
ram, rac aravin icoda. am ukanasknelis ganxorcielebas xels uSlida, arc meti da arc naklebi, saqarTvelo da misi savalalo bed-iRbali, masze zrunva da misTvis Tavdadeba.
swored ganaTlebis srulyofis gzaze myofs
mouswro Teimurazis ustarma, romliTac kaxTa mefe
sTxovda saqarTveloSi dabrunebas. manac Tadarigi
daiWira da romis papTan iTxova audiencia. Sexvedraze paps ganucxada, rom igi iveriaSi unda dabrunebuliyo. papma pavle V-m SesTavaza nikifores padre gvilelmosTan erTad wasuliyo.
Tanac dasZina papma:
- padre Tavgadasavlebis moyvarulia da vidre
Cven Semogvakvdeba xelSi, Sen waiyvane Tan, iqneb
osmalos isarma miewios, an sparsis xrmalma daaokos,
an sulac iberTa Soris kinklaobisas SuaSi Camdgars
aqedan erTi muSti moxvdes, iqidan - meore da amiT
gonsmosuli dagvibrundes an cocxali, an mkvdario.
- keTili da patiosanio, - daTanxmda nikifore
pontifikoss.
da marTlac,
konstantinopol-yofili istanbulis gavliT Se-
37
movidnen qarTvelTa qveyanaSi nikifore da gvilelmo
da ewvien mefe Teimurazs. nikifore CasvlisTanave
karis moZRvrad akurTxes, padrem ki samisionero
saqmianoba daiwyo. romidan Camosuli moZRvari imTaviTve eucxova qarTvelobas, erTi xani TviT mefec
ki nanobda:
- ratom vixme nikifore kaxeTso. yofiliyo
romsa da florenciaSi, genuasa da veneciaSi da
efilosofosa iq da aq mis gareSe gacilebiT wynarad
viqnebodiTo.
magram TviTonac piitikosma Zalian male auRo
alRo am ucnaur kacs. nikifore acnobda sparseTosmaleTTan omSi mijaWvul patrons msoflioSi
mimdinare siaxleebs. Teimurazi erTi xani ar ijerebda bevr rames, magram rodesac nikiforem galileis
kompasi uCvena da misi gamoyenebis wesi gaacno mefe dafiqrda da meti gulisyuri aTxova Tavis erTgul qveSevrdoms.
sul cota xanSi rCevebisTvisac ibarebda TavisTan, raTa moesmina gasaocari sazrisi Tavisi moZRvrisa. nikifore iyo is, vinac urCia Teimurazs, abasTan
mtroba-moyvrobas masTan saqmiani urTierToba jobso.
- mivceT pontosze gasasvleli, amis gamo Cven
saWiro viqnebiT misTvis da Cvens SeWmaze ar iocnebebs da vinc ki mogvindomebs avs, TviTon dagvicavs
Tavisi kaciWamiebiTo. gadamtereba, Tundac damoyvreba
ki msxverplis miaxlovebaa lomTan da meti araferio.
- rogor moaxerxeb amaso, - hkiTxa mefem.
CaeRima nikifores.
- levan dadiani xom naTesavad gekuTvniso?” hkiTxa moZRvarma.
Teimurazmac daudastura.
- ese igi masTan molaparakeba ar gagviWirdeba,
igi osmalebs unda davapirispiroT, isedac ar unda
iyos odiSi osmalos moyvaruli da madlieri.
xeli Caiqnia mefem:
- levani ymawvilia, jer xeirianadac ver gamefebula odiSs, vinZlo gurielebma da imerelma bagrationebma taxti waarTvano.
- arxeinad iyavi, mefev batono, - mxarze daado
xeli nikiforem, - levani is kaci araa, vinmes rom
daaCagvrinos Tavi. or-samjer var Senaxvedri mTavarTan da imTaviTve Sevicani masSi Zala daviTiseuli.
mas xeli unda SevuwyoT da lixs iqiTa saqarTvelo
mis ferxTiT iqneba garTxmuli.
- kargi, davuSvaT levanTan yvelaferi ise iqna,
rogoradac brZaneo, - Seawyvetina Teimurazma nikifores msjeloba, - ai, aqeT, lixs aqeT ra vqnaT?
- esec iolad gadasawyveti saqmea. SeirTe luarsabis dai colad, es is iqneba, rac Saabasis SemTxvevaSi giTxari msxverplis moaxloebisa.
38
- msxverplis moaxloebisa? - gaukvirda Teimurazs da am sityvam egzom daafiqra.
- diax, mefev batono, moaxloebisa. Sen gza gagexsneba qarTlis xelSi Casagdebad. mere erTi
mtkice, gadamwyveti da swori nabiji da Sen qarTlkaxeTis mefe gaxdebi. ukan momadlierebuli da moqrTamuli abasi, win galaRebuli levani maTi damakavSirebeli erTmaneTTan Sen iqnebi mxolod. abasi
angariSs gagiwevs zRvaze gasasvlelis dakargvis
SiSiT, levani abasis SiSiT verras getyvis siauges.
sparseTisTvis odiSis miwaze fexis dadgma imas
niSnavs, rom igi osmaleTis zurgSi aRmoCndes. mada
ar gaezrdeba Sahs, metismetad Sorsaa odiSi sparseTisgan, da mitom. odiSic, gamxnevebuli amaT mokavSired gaixdis abass osmalosTan brZolaSi. Sen ki
am TamaSSi uCinari iqnebi, amasTanave mTavari moTamaSe
da yvelasi da yvelafris warmmarTveli. bolos
levansac davaTmobinebT imereTis taxts, radgan
gorgaslian-daviTiani saqarTvelos patroni odiTgan
bagratovanni yofilan... levans ki Tavis samTvaros
xeluxleblad davutovebT sabatonod. erTiani saqarTvelos mefis morCilebis ficiT. saqarTvelos
mTianeTi ki mudam imaTi moimede iyo, vinc barSi batonobdao.
xangrZlivi pauzis Semdeg mefem nikifores uTxra:
- lamazad laparakob, Rirso mamao, magram erTob
sarTulo sakiTxebs exebi da SeiZleba ise ar warimarTos saqmeebi, rogorc Sen dagegme. mere xom
mTlad dagvemxoba Tavze mTeli samefo.
- Sen neba gamoTqvi amisi da danarCens nabij-nabij me Segasrulebineb ise, rom me arc ki gamovCndebi...
- raTa me dambraldes yvelaferio? - CaeRima
Teimurazs.
- ara, ratom dasabraleblad. saamayod da matianeSi Casawerad, rom Teimuraz I-ma kaxTa mefem daviTisdari saqme gaakeTa da aRmatebulic. or mterTa
Soris myofma eri gaaerTian da aRadgina qveynis
siZliereo.
- ratom xar ase darwmunebulio?
- es alRos karnaxi araa, romelic SeiZleba
Secdes. es aris gaTvla-gaangariSeba adamianur grZnobebze, im adamianebisa, romelTanac Sen giwevs
urTierToba da maTi neba-survilis gaTvaliswineba
gmarTebs. mere yvela Sen dagemorCileba. saqarTvelo
didi qveyana araa. misi gaerTianeba da erTi gvirgvinis qveS moqceva sagareo viTarebidan gamomdinare
rTuli araa, magram urTulesia SigniT saqarTveloSi
viTarebis mowesrigeba. TumcaRa esec SesaZlebelia.
magram yvelaze saSuri saqme is iqneba, Tu yvela
monapovars SeinarCunebT Senca da Seni STamomavlebic. swored amas da, SeiZleba iTqvas, mxolod
amas sWirdeba didi Wkua da gamWriaxobao.
- erTi gonivruli rCeva miviRe axla, - daaskvna
Teimurazma, - luarsabTan damoyvrebao. luarsabisa
da Saabasis damoyvrebiT xelSeuxleblobas movipoveb,
Tanac iseTs, rogoric arodes hqoniaT kaxT-batonebsao.
- cdebi, mefev batono, - gaiqnia Tavi nikiforem,
- SahTan damoyvrebiT SeiZleba Tavic ki dakargo,
araTu mxolod taxti. Sen piitikosi kaci xar da
qveynierebas Sairis samyaroTgan uyureb. mec miyvars
wyobilsityvaoba, Tavadac vwerdi leqsebs, magram
rodesac saxelmwifoebriv saqmianobaze midgeba jeri,
iq kalami gverdze unda gadavdoT da yvelaze arapoeturi, iqamde veraguli saqmeni vakeToT. amas
moiTxovs qveyana Cvengan da ara lamazad SeTxzul
leqsebso.
sibrazisgan almuri moekida Teimurazs saxeze.
ra eqna, ar icoda, esRa moifiqra:
- metexis taZris moZRvrad gamimwesebixar, mamao
nikiforeo... - civad uTxra Tanamosaubres, civadve
daukra Tavi da darbazidan Cqari nabijiT gavida.
albaT imitom, rom dawyebuli leqsi daemTavrebina.
im weliwads marTlac sami qorwili Catarda,
Teimurazma yuri ar ugdo nikifores rCevas da Tavisi dai maleve colad SerTo Saabass. sul male
Saabasi Semoewyo kaxeTis cixe-qalaqebs da moyvris
darbeva daiwyo. Teimurazma saucbaTod moZebna padre
gvilelmo, raTa saswrafod waregzavna roms da
daxmareba eTxova romis papisTvis. isic dauSureblad gaemzada wasasvlelad da mcxeTas arc ki iyo
gacdenili, rom mekobrebi daesxnen Tavs da mokles.
bevri miTqma-moTqma atyda padres mkvlelobis
gamo. zogi sparseTis mstovrebsa da moeneebs abralebda, zogi sparseTis moyvarul qarTvel didebulebs, ase rigad rom elodnen abasis zeimiT Semosvlas iveriis miwaze,
zogi saeklesio mesveurebs abralebda, gulis
wamRebad rom Ciodnen kaTolike berma da misma
mstovarma nikiforem mrevli wagvarTvao,
zogi imasac ambobda, meqalTane iyo padre gvilelmo da erT sofelSi glex qals Sevardnia
saxlSi da gaaupatiura. mere misma qmarma, Tu Zmam
sisxliT azRvevina codvao,
zogi sulac wiwamuris tyeebSi Camalul mekobreebs abralebda, ase rom iyvnen gawamebulni mgzavrebi maTgan.
erTis sityviT, arsebiTad veravin veraferi daadgina, droc areuli iyo.
Teimurazs moaxsenes padres mkvlelobis ambavi
Tu ara, metexis taZriTgan moixmo mamao nikifore
da SesTavaza, rac SeiZleba male daetoebina saqar-
Tvelo, radgan mteri aoxrebda kaxeTis sanaxebs.
TviTonac apirebda gaxizvnas dasavleTSi.
- aki giTxari, mefev batono, ar gmarTebs abas
yaenTan arc mtroba da arc moyvrobao...
- mainc ver gavige ra unda meqna, - upasuxa
Teimurazma.
- ukve gvianaa, amis axsnao, - uTxra nikiforem.
- sad inebebs Tqveni meufeba Tavis Sefarebasao?
- hkiTxa mefem, - roca gadaivlis gansacdeli, maSin
dagabruneb saqarTveloSio. gnebavs europas wabrZandi, gnebavT CemTan erTad imereTsa da odiSSi gadavsaxldeT. Tqveni aq darCena saSiSi iqneba. xom xedavT, Tqveni Tanamgzavri padre gvilelmo mokles
ukeTurebma. arada, mis wargzavnas vapirebdi romis
papTanao. ar dagvacales, SinaurTagani iyo gamcemi,
xolo am mogzaurobis winaaRmdegi - an uSualod
mkvleli, an damkveTi. sxva mizezi gamoricxulia.
Senc europel mstovrad miaCnixar mters da es mafiqrebinebs imas, rom Senc unda gaixizno iqedan
rac SeiZleba swrafado.
- maSin, Tu asea, ierusalims waval, wminda qalaqs
moviloceb. sawiravs gavcem iveriis mefeebis saxelze,
Tu amis nebas damrTav, iqneb ufali Segvewios, mowyaleba gaiRos Cvens tanjul samSobloze da gadaarCinos Saabasis gansacdelisgan.
- SesawiravTa wigns mogarTmev da Cemi kacebis
TanxlebiT amaRamve datoveb saqarTvelos. Zvirfaseulobasa da samkaulebs sul cota xanSi samefo
beWdiT davluqav da mogarTmev, saWiro Tanxas xazinadari gadmogcemso.
marTlac yvelaferi saCqarod aRasrula Teimuraz mefem, radgan dayovnebis dro ar iyo. Tavadac
Cqarobda, lixis qedze unda gadaeswro abasisTvis,
raTa xelSi ar Cavardnoda Sahs. gamomSvidobebac
xanmokle iyo mefesa da moZRvars Soris. arc erTma
icoda, Sexvdebodnen Tu ara isini odesRac erTmaneTs.
amitom orive dumda, aRar iyo yvedrebis, arc rCevadarigebebis dro sakuTari gonebis aRmatebulebis
gamosavlenad. axla, am saSiS adgilebs unda gasclodnen. Seyovneba niSnavda, xelSi Cavardnodi mTelis
avla-didebiTa da Wkua-gonebiT Saabass. sparseTis
lomi ki ras moimoqmedebda, amas windawin veravin
gaTvlida.
gasaqcevad mosaxerxebeli samosiT Seimosen. Savi
feris iyo es samosebi, RamiT apirebdnen qveynidan
gaparvas. marTlac, tye-tye iares yvelasaTvis SeumCnevlad mamao nikiforem da misma amalam. dRisiT
isvenebdnen da Sebindebisas ganagrZobdnen gzas.
or dReSi datoves saqarTvelo da mcire aziaSi
gadainacvles. anatoliis gavlas, bunebrivia, ufro
didi dro dasWirdaT. axla igrZno nikiforem, Tu
39
rogori mcire iyo saqarTvelo da rogori daucveli
garemoculi Zalebisagan. amanac daafiqra da ise
daafiqra, rom ise CaaRwies ierusalimamdis, ver
gaigo. yvelafers mamao nikifores mxleblebi uzrunvelyofdnen gadaadgilebis siswrafesac,
saSiSroebisagan Tavdacvasac,
mimarTulebasac,
Sesvenebis adgilmdebareobasac gansazRvravdnen;
sakvebis mopovebazec zrunavdnen.
isini xedavdnen, rom mamao raRacaze fiqrobda
da ise fiqrobda, rom gaitaca am fiqrebma. gansakuTrebiT es mesopotamiis dablobis gadavlisas SeniSnes,
xolo rodesac efesosa da antioqias gascdnen da
fexi Sedges arabeTis udabnoSi, mamao nikifore
metad CauRrmavda Tavis fiqrebs da TiTqmis sakvebsac
ar iRebda, arc sasmels etaneboda mainca da mainc,
mxned ki gamoiyureboda, odnavadac ar dasustebula.
mis mcvelebsa da TanmxlebiT ukvirdaT, rogor poulobda mamao sakuTar TavSi Zalas, gamklaveboda
udabnos simxurvales TiTqmis uWmel-usmelad. sxva
SemTxvevaSi mgzavrobis yvela tvirTs TviTon aiRebda
sakuTar Tavze. TiTqmis ubrad imyofeboda, xandisxan
Tu wamoiZaxebda gaurkvevel sityvebs. ama Tu im
enaze. iyo SemTxvevebi, roca xmamaRla fiqrobda,
magram vinaidan amalam ar icoda esa Tu is ena, ver
gebulobdnen mamaos fiqrTa Sinaarss. erTxel wamoscda mxolod qarTuli sityvebi:
- ex, saqarTvelo, saqarTveloo!
es iyo da es.
gamolaparakebisas mxolod mokle pasuxebs iZleoda. mas uguneboba ar etyoboda, mxolod fiqrobda
da ar undoda am fiqrSi xeli SeSloda yofiTi
garemoebebis gamo.
am mdgomareobaSi imyofeboda, vidre ar miaRwies
galileis zRvas. isini beTsaidasTan axlos SeCerdnen.
saRamo xani iyo. talRebis Sxuilma moandoma
zRvaSi gabanaveba. wyalSi Sesuli saamqveynos mobrunda da Sors gascura. roca napirze amovida,
ikiTxa:
- male mivaRwevT Tu ara wmida qalaqamdeo?
- ierusalimi ori dRis savalzeao, - upasuxes
nikifores.
- es galileis zRvaao?
daudastures.
- Cven bevri vimgzavreT, saSiSi gzebic gamoviareT.
axla tanze unda gamovicvaloT da arabi beduinebis samosiT SevimosoTo, - uTxra nikiforem mxleblebs.
maT erTmaneTs gadaulaparakes:
40
- nuTu arabuli enac iciso?
gaeRima mamao nikifores:
- arxeinad iyaviTo, - upasuxa maT, - imisaTvis,
rom mSvidobianad vimgzavroT qveynierebaze, saamisod yvelaferi vicio. isic, vis ra tyuili da vis
ra marTali vuTxra, raTa damxmareni da gulSematkivarni SevimatoTo.
ori dRe dayovndnen mgzavrebi galileis zRvis
piras. mere uceb aiyaren da Seusvenebliv dRenaxevarSi Cavidnen ierusalims.
qarTvelTa wiaRSi rom igrZnes Tavi, mamao nikifores hkiTxes misma mxleblebma:
- Rirso mamao, raze fiqrobdi mgzavrobis did
wilso?
macdurad gaxeda SemkiTxvels nikiforem da
Sescina saxeSi:
- vfilosofosobdi CemTviso, ase gza ukeT gaioldebodao.
ver gaigo im SemkiTxavma, rom pasuxis gamcemi
am SemTxvevaSi arc tyuoda da arc arafers malavda,
gansxvavebiT sxva uamravi SemTxvevisa.
- roca raimes dafarva minda, - ganmarta nikiforem, - verc saxeze, verc saqcielze ver Sematyob,
raime Tu maqvs dasafari da dasamalavi. am dros
eWvs arvis TvalSi ar aRvZravo. es wesi unda daimaxsovro da cxovrebaSi gamoiyeno.
ganuwyvetliv mohqonda mamao nikifores savanerSi
axal-axali ambebi saqarTvelodan, diliT uTenia
gadaicvamda an derviSis samoss, an beduiniviT Seimoseboda, an begebis aRkazmulobiT moirTveboda.
idumal gadioda monastridan da daRamebulze brundeboda. amalas berebis anaforebi gadaacva, raTa
taZarSi ar Seqmniliyo zedmeti uxerxuloba da
miTqma-moTqma. zogjer TviTonac loculobda, an
wignTsacavSi muSaobda dilidan daRamebamdis.
erTxel Sua locvis dros, roca sacecxluriT
Camouara taZars, raRac ucnaurma Zalam gaaCera.
mxolod gaCereba ar iyo es, ufro gaxevda gaognebisagan.
yvirili undoda, xmas veRar iRebda,
undoda TanmxlebTaTvis raRac eniSnebina,
sxeuli veRar daZra adgilidan.
- xom kargad xar, mamao?
- aqeT wamobrZandi, Tqveno Rirsebav, da dajeqio,
- SesTavaza mosveneba erT-erTma TanmxlebTaganma.
- arao, - aniSna.
- ra moxda, mamao? - gaumeora kiTxva.
iqve viRacam wyali miawoda. manac mosva wyali,
suli moiTqva da uTxra:
- rusTvelis freska!!! - gaxarebulma gadaxeda
TanmxlebT, - vi pove!!! misi kvali aq ariso!!!
arc erTma Tanmxlebma ar icoda, vin iyo rusTveli da ra mniSvneloba hqonda qarTvelobisTvis am
aRmoCenas. viRacam esec ikiTxa:
- vin aris rusTveli?
am kiTxvam kidev ufro gaaoca mamao nikifore:
- am dRes ori aRmoCena gavakeTeo, - Tqva man, erTi is, rom sulmnaTi rusTvelis kvals mivageni,
meore ki is, rom qveynad arsebobs iseTi qarTveli,
vinac ar icis rusTvelis vinaobao.
man, vinac ar icoda meWurWleTuxucesi SoTas
vinaobisa da damsaxurebis Sesaxeb, moibodiSa:
- esao-da, wera-kiTxva ar vici da mwerali saidan mecodinebodao.
mamao nikiforem daJinebiT hkiTxa:
- dai Tu gyavso?
- myavso, - upasuxa.
- gaTxoviliao?
dasturi uTxra Tavis daqneviT.
- mziTevi Tu gaataneTo?
- ra Tqma undao, - da TavisiT Camoyva daaxloebiT, rac axsovda.
wignebic axsena - oTxTavi, sagangebod misTvis
SekveTili gadamwerTaTvis,
- ...da kidev erTi, SairTa didi wigni, sagvareulo
wes-Cveulebisamebr Svilidan Svilze gatneuli mziTvad... da es wigni meoTxe Tu mexuTe Taobaa, rac
ojaxidan ojaxSi gadadis mziTvadao.
- swored am wignis damweria SoTa rusTvelio,
- ganumarta mamao nikiforem.
merme TviTon iTava am kacis ganswavla da jer
wera-kiTxva daaswavla, Semdeg ki monastris wignsacavSi daculi ,,vefxistyaosnis” xelnaweri misca
da uTxra:
- gaecanio.
manac karga xani moandoma wignis wakiTxvas.
rogorc gamoirkva, zogi ram scodnia ,,vefxistyaosnidan”, zogi ram pirvelad Seimecna. bolos sxvaTaSorisad hkiTxa mamao nikiforem:
- ganaTlebuli da warCinebuli ojaxis Svilad
gicnob, da asec aris. es rogor dagemarTa an Sen,
an Sens mSoblebs, wera-kiTxva rom ar dagaswavleso?
- eh, Rirso mamao, - Rrmad amoioxra am kacma, sulmnaTi mamai Cemi mudam-dRe svimon mefes axlda
laSqrobebSi. misi marjuene xeli yofila. mec saomrad mwvrTnida da rodesac qarTlis mefe imereTs
gadavida da zedized skandas, kvaras, kacxisa da
sviris cixeni aiRo da Semoudga quTaiTiss, mamaman
Cemman mefis dasturiT malemsrboli warmoagzavna
deda-cixeSi Cems wamosayvanad, dedas Cemsas SeuTvala `Cvenma memkvidrem sakuTari TvaliT unda ixilos
saqarTvelos gaerTianeba da amisTvis norCi mkla-
vic unda gasarjoso. swavla-kiTxvis dro ar ariso,
- wignad miswera, - amas mermec moeswrebao. marTlac
vin gadavidoda mamis-Cemis brZanebas. roca imereTs
gadamiyvanes, svimon mefes quTaTisi ukve aRebuli
hqonda da emzadeboda odiSs gasalaSqreblad, raTa
daetyvevebina manuCar dadiani da rostom imerTa
mefei. svimon mefisTvisac da mamis-CemisTvisac sabediswero brZola ofSkviTs gaimarTa. me mefis karavSi
vTvlemdi, roca mamai daiRupa. mis merme SeviZule
odiSelni da Tu vinme maTgani Semomegebeba, uTuod
Tavs wavacli.
merme iyo, sulmnaTma svimon mefem Cemze meurveoba
ikisra da gverdidan ar micilebda. ofSkviTs imerel
didaznaurTa Ralatis wyalobiT nawvnevi marcxiT
gaTamamebuli osmalebi lores cixiTgan gamovidnen
da Semoesien Cvens mamulebs. TurqTa SiSiT Cemi
ojaxi deda-cixiTgan tfiliss gaixizna, me ki isev
mefes vaxldi, taSirs rom miiWra da gandevna mamuliTgan SemoZalebuli mteri. arc maSin ecala vismes, CemTvis rom wera-kiTxva eswavlebina.
roca svimon mefe aleqsandre kaxTa mefesTan
erTad abas yaens eaxlen, raTa kavSiri SeekraT osmalo TaTris winaaRmdeg. mamobilma ispaans mec
wamiyvana. maCvevda samefo karze moqcevis wesebs,
magram wera-kiTxvas ara da ar maswavlida. samma
mbrZanebelma erToblivad wignebi misweres romis
paps, avstriis imperatorsa da espaniis mefes. wignebi
me gamatanes, aleqsandrem rom hkiTxa:
- riT endobi am ymawvilsao,
svimonma RimiliT miugo;
- nu SiSob, igi guladia, Tan wera-kiTxva ar
iciso. wignebs uvneblad Caabarebs Tav-Tavis patronsao, TviTon ar ecodineba wignebSi dawerili Sinaarsi,
iseo. merme mama-Svilurad momibrunda da miTxra:
- ar inaRvlo wera-kiTxva rom ar ici. merwmune,
Svilo, zogjer wera-kiTxvis ucodinroba sjobs
nakiTxobaso. yofila SemTxvevebi, minatria, neta
sulac ar mcodnoda wera-kiTxvao.
- nu fiqrob, patrono da mfarvelo Cemo, - vupasuxe mefes, - RmerTma rac mommadla da Sen ra
wyalobac moiRe Cemze, imis madlobeli varo.
gauxarda mefes Cemi pasuxi. wignebi da oqros
fulebiT savse xuTi-eqvsi qisa gadmomca, gamomayola
Tarjimnebi da mcire SeiaraRebuli amala da europas
gamistumra. sruli erTi weli movandome wignebis
patronTaTvis darigebas. arc papma da arc mefe-imperatorebma ar inebes sapasuxo wignebis mowera.
yvela maTganTan TiTo Tve vicdidi, iqneb raime
zepirad SeuTvalon wignTa pasuxado, magram ise
davtove maTi sambrZanebloebi, maT ara gaugiaT ra.
Sin rom davbrundi, vfiqrobdi, ra piriT Sevxvde
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mefes-Tqo, man ki guliT gaixara Cemi dabunebis
ambavi rom Seityo. TavisTan mixmo. yvelaferi gamomkiTxa sapasuxo wignebis garda. viuxerxule da
vuambe mefes:
- ase iyo da ase-meTqi, mTeli Tve velodi paps,
merme gadavedi austrias, mis imperatorsac mTeli
Tve velodi, merme espanias geaxeli da mis mefesac
mTeli Tve velodi, pasuxi arc erTma maTganma ar
mogces-Tqo.
- nu fiqrob magazeo, - damiyvava mefem, - axla omi
gvaqvs osmalosTan. gors SemovewyveT da ukve europis gareSe viomebT, gadavdeniT mters qarTlis sanaxebiTgano.
merme iyo, gori aviReT da axali omi wamogviwyo
gadamTielma. merme naxidurTan davmarcxdiT da
facxiss xelmeored daatyveves svimon mefe. bolomdis vaxldi patrons. osmalebma SvidkoSkaSi rom
Caamwyvdies igi, iqac misi Wirisufali viyavi. TaTarma
viRac morigi xarWisgan naSob mefis Svilad CamTvala.
- guli ar mogivideso, - miTxra svimonma, - Tavi
rom daaRwio tyveobas, SenTvis ase ajobebso. roca
movkvdebi Cems cxedars gagayoleben da Senc samSvidobos gaaRwev da mec qarTul miwas mimabarebT.
meti ukeTesi madli ra ginda, rom hqna qveynad.
merwmune, aranaklebi sagmiro saqmea xrmal-faris
qnevaze micvalebulTa gapatiosnebao.
- rasa brZaneb, mefev batono, - vuTxari Tvalcremlianma, - yvelaferi ise iyos, rogorc genebos, oRond
ara sikvdili. Cven erTad davaRwevT Tavs am tyveobasao.
- asec iqnebao, - Semawyvetina sityva mefem, Cven orive erTad davaRwevT Tavs am tyveobas, oRond
Sen cocxali da me mkvdario. brZolebsa da tyveobebSi davuZlurdi. vici, rasac vambob, vgrZnob moaxloebul dasasruls, da mitomo.
am naTqvamidan erTi welic ar gasula, rom
yvelaferi ise moxda, rogorc svimon mefem dasaxa.
rom movi poveT simSvide tyveobaSi, sinanuliT miTxra
mefem:
- axla ki namdvilad gaswavlidi wera-kiTxvas,
magram amisaTvis araferi gagvaCniao.
- axla aRar dagvWirdeba wera-kiTxva-meTqi, davamSvide.
- arao, - mi pasuxa, - wera-kiTxva adamians yovelTvis sWirdeba. ubraod maSin gatyuebdi, radgan Sesaferisi mocaleoba ar gagvaCnda da Seni uwignuroba mWirdeboda, raTa europaSi guldamSvidebuls
gameSvi. axla vnanob da mapatie amis gamoo.
me ver vxvdebodi mefis am sityvebs, vidremde
Sen ar maswavle wera-kiTxva, Rirso mamao da vidremde ar veziare rusTvelis naqmns. guli ar momdis
42
mefeze, radgan qveynisTvis ase iyo saWiro, axla
kidev roca mSvidad varT, mxolod maSin viswavle
is, rac unda eswavlebinaT bavSvobaSio.
- ar ifiqro, - uTxra didi xnis dumilis Semdeg
mamao nikiforem, - rom Cven odesme damSvidebulni
viyoTo. axlac ki, samSoblodan moSorebiT, Tqven
ar iciT, Torem aqac ara var mSvidad, sul daviarebi
wmida qalaqSi da axal ambebs vgebulob saqarTvelosas, iq rom ver gavigebT, iseTsac - ra xdeba qarTvel
mefeTa sasaxleebSi, xalxSi ra ganwyobaa, vin upirebs iverias dalaSqvras da abas-yaenis laSqari
sad dgas da rasa iqmso. aseTebs bevrs gaigoneb, Tu
kargad miugdeb yurs aqaurobas. zogs TviTon moaqvs ambavi, zogic Sen unda gaigono, midge, modge
da ise. viTarebis gamokeTebis umal aqedan daviZrebiT da Sin davbrundebiTo.
vinaidan freskaze gamosaxuli rusTveli naxes
qarTvelma momlocvelebma, mamao nikiforem isic
ivarauda, saeklesio davTrebSic iqneb yofiliyo
moxseniebuli mgosnis saxeli da isev wignTsacavs
miaSura. yvela davTari da sigel-gujari gadaixila,
bolos aRapTa wignSi miagno meWurWleTuxucesi
SoTais kvals. isev mivida freskasTan, xmamaRla
waikiTxa:
`amis damxatavsa SoTas Seundvnes RmerTman.
amino.~
merme damarcvliT waikiTxa da xeli gaayola
freskis gverdiT dawerils:
`rusTveli.~
idga acremlebuli Rirsi mama monastris marjvniv
meore svetTan maqsime aRmsareblisa da ioane damaskelis did freskebs Soris Caxatul portretTan
da Cumad `sulTaTanas~ ukiTxavda `amis damxatavsa
SoTas~ da Sendobas uTvlida misi sulisaTvis
ufals.
monastris miRma qveynierebaze didi Zvrebi mzaddeboda.
erT dRes nikifore mousvenrad iyo.
sadRac gadioda,
mere brundeboda,
mere isev gadioda da
ase grZeldeboda ramdenime dRis ganmavlobaSi.
man mosveneba maSin dakarga srulad, roca meoTxe
Tu mexuTe dRes masTan Teimuraz mefis mstovari
Camovida.
- istanbulSi var da saswrafod Camodi. mxleblebi mand datove, vinmem rom raime ar ieWvoso, - ityobineboda mefe.
marTlac mamao nikiforem dauZaxa Tavis mxleblebs:
- sinais mosalocad mivyvebi antioqiel momloc-
velebs da ramdenime dRe ar viqnebio. aq melodeT
da erTi kviris Tavze Tu ar Camovedi, an ar mogawvdineT xma, uCumrad wadiT aqedan da daiSaleTo.
sxva araferi uTqvams mamao nikifores, arc misma
mxleblebma hkiTxes rame, azri ar hqonda, mainc mikib-mokibavda raRacas da simarTles misgan ver
gaigebdnen.
aravin icoda raze TaTbirobdnen nikifore irbaxi
da Teimuraz mefe istanbulSi, ra xlarTebs xlarTavdnen. erTi ki ambad gaigo mefisgan nikiforem,
osmalosTan kavSiris Sekvris wyalobiT ori-samiode
wlis win omi gaumarTes Saabass da lamis iyo ardebili aiRes.
- mZime mdgomareobaSi CavayeneT sparseTis Sahi,
magram SegveSinda, ardebilis aRebiT ziani ar mieyenebina abass dedis-CemisaTvis - qeTevanisaTvis da
CemTa SvilTaTviso.
es ambebi yurmokvriT ganagoni hqonda nikifores,
magram dawvrilebiT ara. igi axla mTelis arsebiT
erTveboda saqmeSi. CrdilSi jdomis dro wavida.
swrafi moqmedeba iyo saWiro. mefisgan davaleba
miiRo, ra Tqma unda samZimo da saSiSi, rogorme
unda daexsnaT abas-yaenis tyveobiTgan Teimurazis
deda da Svilebi ise, rom kvali ar daetovebinaT.
saamisod aZlevda ra am davalebas, Teimurazma kargad
icoda, rom SeuZlebeli iyo am davalebis Sesruleba,
magram mainc raRac imedismagvari hqonda. am ,,raRacas” TviT nikifore irbaxis gonebagamWriaxoba ganapirobebda.
- Cemo mefeo, - uTxra man, moismina ra mefis davaleba, - es sasowarkveTili kacis nabijiao. magram
rac ar unda moxdes, Sen mainc mefed darCebi. mTeli saqarTvelo da axla ukve europac qeTevan dedofals Sescqeris. yvela saswaulis molodinSia
da Cvenc Cvenis mecadineobiT ar unda wavuxdinoT
msoflios es molodini. Senic mesmis, magram es molodini ufro Rirebuli da faseulia, vidre Tqveni
deda-Svilobis grZnoba. garemoebaTa viTarebam dedofali zepirovnebad aqcia. Cemo mefeo da dedis
Rirseulo Svilo, Senc unda iqce zepirovnebad.
Tu ara ase, yeeni aqamdisac mouswrafebda sicocxles
rogorc dedofals, aseve ufliswulebs. abasi Tavis
tyveebs Tvals ar acilebs, es davalebas, ra Tqma
unda, arTulebs.
- Sen, Rirso mamao, SegiZlia uari miTxra am
davalebis Sesrulebaze, guli ar damwydeba. kargad
mesmis, amiT Sens Zvirfas sicocxles safrTxeSi
vagdeb, magram iveriaSi kaci ar meguleba SensaviT
rom Seasrulos es davaleba. amisda miuxedavad, me
imasac ar gamovricxav, rom Senac ver SesZlo es,
imdenad ucnauri kacia Sahio.
- rasa brZaneb, mefev batono, qeTevan dedoflisTvis Tavsac gavwirav, ra saTqmelia, CemTvis didi
pativicaa Cemdami esoden didi ndobis gamoCenao.
mamao nikiforem umal afrina Sikriki ierusalims.
jvris monasterSi darCenil Tavis amalas SeuTvala:
- Cum-Cumad datoveT saTiTaod monasteri. kavSirebi ar unda gavwyvitoT, raTa swrafad moviZioT
erTmaneTi. saWiroeba siswrafes iTxovs, magram auCqarebelso, - Tanac dasZina, - Cemi warmogzavnili kacis meSveobiT meqneba TqvenTan kavSiri. mas unda
uTxraT, vin rodis da sad waxvalT, sad daTqvamT
Sexvedris adgilso.
erTmaneTs gadaulaparakes:
- mamao nikifore sruliad SemTxveviTaa mRvdeli,
an arada mRvdlis anaforaSi gadacmuli jaSuSiao.
saWiro Tanxa yvela maTgans gadasca nikifores
kacma. isinic saTiTaod Cumad gai paren monastridan
ise, rom maTi wasvlis Sesaxeb aravis araferi Seutyvia. yvelaze bolos Sikrikma datova savane. mxolod
amis Semdeg mixvdnen berebi, rom mamao nikifore da
misi kacebi monastridan gaparulano. gadaamowmes
taZris qoneba, xom araferia moparulio. Semowmebis
Semdeg moaxsenes winamZRvars:
- yvelaferi adgilzeao. mamao nikifores da
mis kacebs araferi wauRiaTo...
- gamodis, viRacis mstovrebi iyvnen da ratomRac
Tavs afarebdnen Cvens monasterso. RmerTma uSveloT,
Tu sasikeTo saqmisTvis aqvT xeli mokidebulio, daloca taZris winamZRvarma da berebs daavala,
rogorc aqamomde iyo, ganegrZoT moRvaweoba.
bevri ram Seityo mamao nikiforem stambulSi
yofnisas. ambavi Camoitanes, abas-yeenma qarTlis mefe
svimons veqilad giorgi saakaZe dauniSneso. manac,
arc aciva da arc acxela, Semoiriga Tavisi metoqe
Tavadebi, Teimuraz mefesTan Tavisi kaci gamogzavna
stambuls, raTa erTiani ZaliT dasxmodnen Tavs
Saabass, an sulac SemoetyuebinaT qarTlSi da samudamod daetovebinaT iq. amas daemata erTi ucnauri
ambavic, romelmac mTeli qveyniereba moiara:
grZnobda ra abas-yeeni sagareo saSiSroebas, romelic gamowveuli iyo Teimurazisa da mourav-xanis
kavSiris SekvriT, avadmyofurad eWviani gaxda yvelaferze, sakuTar Svilebzec ki. albaT arc Tu usafuZvlod. igrZno SeTqmulebis niav-qari, sakuTari Svilebi xudabende-mirza da ismaeli-mirza daabnela. dabnelebulma xudabendem mamaze SurisZiebis mizniT
sakuTari Svili fatima Tavisive xelebiT daaxrCo.
usazRvrod uyvarda Sahs fatima da masTan bednierad grZnobda Tavs, mrisxanebisa Tu mwuxarebis
Jams fatimas ixmobda da masTan urTierTobiT iqarvebda dardebs. es siamovneba moaklo swored mamas
43
bnelma Svilma. amaze gaxelebulma abasma da imazec,
rom Teimuraz-xani ar cxreboda da jer osmaleTs
gadaixvewa da iqedan elCebi gagzavna ruseTs axladarCeul mefe miSka romanovTan, mousvenari Teimurazxanis Svilebi aleqsandre da levani daasaWurisebina
Tavis jalaTebs.
damwuxrda Teimurazi, bunebrivia bavSvebis gamotacebas azri aRar hqonda. erTis cxedari da erTic
Wkvaze gadamdgari daabrunes. axla saswrafod saWiro iyo qeTevan dedoflis daxsna, aravin icoda
rodis dadgeboda misi jeri. nikifores rCeviT Teimurazma iZulebiTi uari SeuTvala giorgi saakaZes
kavSiris Sekvraze da ise miawoda es uari mouravxans,
rom misTvisac gasagebi yofiliyo am uaris aucilebloba. Tanac Teimurazma SesTavaza saakaZes:
- kavSiri Sekar giorgi imerTa mefesTan. rac
ar unda iyos, pativmoyvare kacia da marto ar dagtovebs SaabasTan brZolaSio.
cota xanSi osmaleTSi Camoitanes ambavi - giorgi
saakaZe wvevia giorgi imerTa mefesa da levan dadianTanac stumrobdao. es ukanaskneli Seumowmebeli
ambavi iyo, magram amas arsebiTi mniSvneloba ar
hqonda.
axla saWiro iyo swrafad daexsna Teimurazs
Tavisi deda Sahis klanWebidan da merme ukve xelfexi
srulad gaexsneboda SurisZiebisaTvis. Tanac Tavs
damnaSaved Tvlida qeTevanis datyvevebaSi:
- marto ar unda gameSva dedofali sazRvarze
SahTan Sesaxvedrad. mcire amala ras gaawyobda
mravalricxovan jarTan.
datyvevebas gadarCenilebi uyvebodnen Teimurazs,
romao dedofali kaxeTis sazRvarze dadga da sparsulad Txova abass:
- omiT nu Semoxval Cvens qveyanaSio, Tu ram
ginda yovelisfers uomrad mogarTmevs mefe Teimurazio. amis Tavdebi me viqnebio.
gaeRima abass.
- nu javrob keTilo dedofaloo, mxolod wavinadireb kaxeTis tyeebsa da mindvrebSi da ukan davbrundebio. Sen ki Senis amaliT Sin mSvidobiT
gabrundio, Sahis ficiT Semogficav, rom marTals
mogaxsenebo.
Sahis ficiTa da pirobiT daimedebuli mSvidad
brundeboda dedofali sasaxleSi, rom uceb yizilbaSTa marbielebi wamogvewien da dedofali dagvityveves, Cvenc viSiSvleT xmlebi da gadawyvetili
gvqonda SevkvdomodiT dedofals, magram bevri maTgani
gawyvites, bevric ganaiaraRes da daatusaRes, xolo
vinc gadavrCiT uvneblad, tyes SevafareT Tavi da
saswrafod sasaxleSi gamoviqeciT, daWrilebi tyeSi
samalavebSi davtoveT. sul samma Tu oTxma kacma
44
davaRwieT Tavi uvneblad am Semosevis pirvel talRas.
amis Semdeg mefem laSqari Sekriba da dauxvda
abasis jarebs, merme damarcxebulma imereTs Seafara
Tavi.
axla sxva dro iyo. abass jer ar SeeZlo gaelaSqra kaxeTze, miTumetes ver xedavda saamiso
safuZvels. sparsi iq ukve imyofeboda, sxvafriv
Teimurazs ver gamoityuebda. qarTlSi svimoni ijda,
umwifara da mamamisiviT meryevi kaci. amisTvis mas
mourav-xani miuCina meurved. marTalia giorgi saakaZe
Sahis mzes ificebs, magram abasi arc mas endoba
bolomde. amisTvis mZevlad misi Svili hyavs da
mouravi ufro WkuiT iqneba. abasi mas rogorc
windaxedul kacs, ise icnobs. Teimurazi devnilobaSia. Tu raime safrTxes Seuqmnis mas dedamisic
aqve hyavs datyvevebuli. luarsab mefec aqvea TadarigSi. aseT Zvirfas saCuqrebs abasi xelidan, aba,
gauSvebs?! gaeRima Sahs ulvaSebSi, gawva muTaqaze
da Cilimi gaabola. erT xans dafiqrda, merme aniSna
msaxurebs, daira Semoitanes da siamovnebiT gaadevna
Tvali Tavis meramdeneRaca colis cekvas, eSxSi
rom Sehyavda Sahi misi TeZoebis moqnilad TamaSs da
moSiSvlebuli muclis talRiseburad alivlivebas.
is Rame arasodes daaviwydeba abass Tavisi vnebianobiT erTis mxriv da arasasiamovno ambebiT, meores
mxriv. meore dRes ambavi Camoutanes ganjidan dedofal qeTevanis adgilsamyofels miagnes gurjebma
da RamiT sasaxles dacemiano. cixis mcvelebis nawili gauwyvetiaT, nawili ki ganuiaraRebiaT, SeukoWavT da dilegSi CaumwyvdeviaT. mTeli cixe SeiTanTa
xelSi moeqcao. magram, hoi saocrebav, TviTon dedofali wasula uarze da tusaRobis adgili ar dautovebia. ase uTqvams:
- es Cemi tyveoba RvTis nebaa da sxva araferio.
me rom Tqven wamogyveT, xval Sahi jars gamogvakidebs
da iverias aaoxrebso.
bevri arwmunes dedofals, Sahs amisi Zala ar
gaaCnia amJamado, man ki mtkiced Seesityva:
- Tundac ase iyos. me es gansacdeli ufalma
momivlina da Tu misi neba iqneba, TviT abasi gamaTavisuflebso.
amis Tqmis Semdeg dedofalma maT ubrZana cixis
mcvelebi gaeTavisuflebinaT da TviTonac gasclodnen iqaurobas. asec moqceulano.
gabrazda abasi.
- vin iyvnen? - ikiTxa.
- derviSebis ZonZebSi Semosili Teimurazis mstovrebi iqnebodnen, aba, sxva vin unda yofiliyoo.
- ramdeni iyoo? - isev ikiTxa Sahma.
- aTiode kbilebamde SeiaraRebuli da iaraRis
kargi mxmarebelio.
abasi marto iman ki ar gaabraza, rom gurjebma
qeTevanis kvals miagnes da misi daxsna SesZles,
rom ara TviT dedoflis daJinebuli moTxovna,
aramed imanac, rom aTiode Tundac kbilebamde SeiaraRebulma kacma rogor SesZlo mTeli cixis
aReba, ise rom TviTon gamxdariyvnen yvelafris baton-patronni.
- aTiode kaci Tu amas moimoqmedebs, mTeli laSqari Tavrizamde ise Camova, erTxelac ar Seisvenebs
gzaSio.
mTels qveyanaSi dauwyes Zebna im aTiode SeiaraRebul derviSs, ganjas rom daecnen, qalaqma ki
winaaRmdegoba ver gaswia,
an iqneb ar gaswia?
- amisTvis calke vazRvevineb ganjis aTabagso, fiqrobda TavisTvis Sahi.
- axla ki dauyonebliv sruliad saidumlod
dedofali aSrifSi gadaiyvaneTo. imgzavreT Rame
da swrafad. aSrifSi Sesaferisi sasaxle moumzadeT
qeTevans da Tadarigi daiWireT kidev rom aRar
moagnon mas im derviSebma. calke gaarkvieT, ganjaSi
rogor miagnes dedofals, an qalaqSi vin icoda
dedoflis ambavi... dakiTxeT yvela - cixis mcvelebi, ganjelni, vaWrebi da sovdagrebi da es dakiTxva
ise unda awarmooT, rom veravinma veraferi ieWvos,
vis ra unda da ratom. uaxloes xanSi Sedegebi
macnobeTo, - brZana Sahma da usiamo ambis gasaqarveblad Triaqs mieZala da haramxanidan morigi coli
ixmo.
erTi xani mamao nikifore dedoflis mcvelebTan ase Tu ise mainc amyarebda kavSirebs xan qrTamiT,
xan motyuebiT,
xanac Tvalis axveviT,
esao-da, meqqeli mola var da xilva vixile
allahisa, iverieli dedofali unda movaqcioo. Tanac
yalbbeWdiani firmani uCvena: mbrZaneblis nebiT, roca
ki movidoda mola, yovelTvis unda SeeSvaT dedofalTan. isic ase axerxebda qeTevanTan TaTbirs, magram
cixis datovebaze isev uars ambobda tusaRi. Tu
manamdis SeiZleboda undoblobis gamo ar wahyoloda,
axla nikifores TviT Teimurazis wigni hqonda Svili emudareboda dedas, gahyoloda mis mier wargzavnil kacebs.
qeTevanma mamaos piriT SeuTvala Svils:
- me am wignis gareSec gendobodiT, radgan qarTvelebi iyaviT da, darwmunebuli var, cuds arras
SemamTxvevdiT da arc axla gaqvT avi gamiznuli,
magram, merwmune, es uflismieri gansacdeliao.
Nikifore yovelTvis gawbilebuli brundeboda
Tavis sadgomSi, magram mainc jiutad ganagrZobda
qeTevan dedoflis gadarwmunebas. gonios cixeSi
Teimuraz mefes ugzavnida wignebs, misganac Rebulobda axal-axal davalebebs.
erTxelac sruliad moulodnelad dedoflis
saTvalavi daekarga. igi aSrifidan saidumlod gadaeyvanaT, sad, arc man, arc aravin icoda. nikifores
iq yofna saSiSi xdeboda, radgan SahisTvis cnobili
gaxda misi adgilsamyofelica da saqmianobac; es
aSrifis cixionTa ganwyobiT daaskvna. cota xanSi
isic Seityo, rom Sahs ruseTis elCebi wveviano da
swored am garemoebam waaxdina saqme.
- yovelTvis arasaWiro dros modian es rusebi
da ufuWeben qarTvelebs saqmeso.
nikiforem imdeni hqna, rom rusTa molaparakebis
umTavresi mizani Seityo - isini iTxovdnen Sahisgan
luarsab mefis gaTavisuflebas, Tundac gamosasyidis
safasurad. axla ki mixvda nikifore, rom luarsab
mefis dReebi daTvliliao.
- am Rorebmao, - gaifiqra nikiforem, - luarsabs
xom gaufuWes da gaufuWes saqme, aRarc qeTevan
dedofals daadgeba ukeTesi dReo.
Sahi gansakuTrebulad frTxili gaxda qarTvelTa
mimarT, TiTqosda saTvalavidan gadakarguli luarsabi isev TvalsawierSi aRmoCnda da sul male
iranelma jalaTebma wamebiT amoxades suli ymawvil
mefes.
abas-yaens, marTalia, ar ewada ymawvilis mokvdineba, magram rusTa Carevam da elCobis donemde am
saqmis awevam afiqrebina Sahs:
- qarTveloba am molaparakebaTa miRma raRac
muxanaTobas ar mimzadebdeso.
saCqarod tyve luarsab qarTlis mefe jalaTebs
mSvildis sabeliT moaSTobina gulabis cixis dilegSi, Sirazs. sarCulad luarsabis mokvdinebas es
uxerxuli ambavi daudo, romelic kargad CarCa
gunebaSi erTxel nadimze miiwvia axovani ymawvili Sahma.
didmarxvis dReebi idga da abasma jereT Tevzi
SesTavaza,
piri ar daakara SeTavazebul kerZs.
abassac es undoda - iWvneulad hkiTxa colis
Zmas: - rad ar miirTmev Cems mowodebul Tevzsao,
iqneb fiqrob mowamluliao?!
- arao, - upasuxa luarsabma, - dRes TevziT gamatexvineb marxvas, xval xorcs SemomTavazeb, zeg
ki sruliadac sjulis Secvlas momTxovo.
- hoda, Seicvaleo, - viTomc aq araferio, uTxra
yaenma.
- mTeli qveyanac rom miboZo saCuqrad, Sens
brZanebas ver Sevasrulebo, - mtkiced upasuxa luarsabma.
45
arada misi dai da Sahis coli TinaTini araerTgzis urCevda Zmas:
- nu gamoideb Tavs, Torem SuriT aRavseb abass
da raRacas mogwevso.
sul male auxda dis naTqvami luarsabs. im sabediswero nadimze gabrazebulma Sahma stumris
dilegSi Cagdeba brZana. Svidi wlis ganmavlobaSi
hyavda gamoketili qarTlis mefe Saabass. rusis
Carevam daaCqara da daasrula luarsabis bediswera.
iqneb im mavnebel russac es es undoda?!
vin icis...
qeTevanic Sirazs gadaiyvana abasma. iq ufro
sandod eguleboda datyvevebuli, vidre CrdiloeTiT.
rogorc iqna nikiforem imamyuli-xanisgan saidumlod miiRo wigni, sadac ityobineboda dedoflis
adgilsamyofels. es imamyuli-xani undilaZeTa saxelovan gvars ekuTvnoda, ase-rigad rom iyo ganTqmuli
alaverdi-xanisa da misi Svilebis saxelebi rogorc
iveriaSi, aseve sparseTsa da mTels axlo aRmosavleTSi. RimiliT gaiqnia Tavi mamao nikiforem wignis
wakiTxvis Semdeg da Tavis TanmxlebT uTxra:
- didad ucnauri xalxi varT qarTvelebio...…
- raTao, - SeekiTxen Tanmxlebni.
- axla, am wignis damweri unda iyos gvarad
undilaZe da mravali warCinebuli qarTveli, romelTac eris da qveynis bedi arafrad uRirT, TavianTi
didgvarovnuli CamomavlobiT unda amayobdeno?!
mamao nikifores ar Camousaxelebia gvarebi, TumcaRa TanmxlebT undodaT gaegoT, Tu vis gulisxmobda Rirsi mama im avadsaxsenebel warCinebul qarTvelebSi. miuxvda moZRvari dausmel SekiTxvas, isariviT
rom trialebda maT TavebSi da cota xnis Semdgom
daumata naTqvams:
- romeli erTi CamovTvalo, romelma didgvarovanma ar gaisvara xeli qarTvelis sisxlSi da moRalatis sircxvileul lafSi ar amolafa sakuTari
sindis-namusi. samefo gvaridan daviwyoT Tundac da
ucixovno aznauriT davamTavroT. aba glexs raRa
unda mokiTxo, roca qveynis warCinebuli sazogadoeba
uamrav sisaZagles sCadiso.
isic uTxra TanmxlebT:
- rom ara imamyuli-xani, luarsab mefe raxania
mokvdinebuli eyoleboda abas-yaens, magram Tavs
zemoT Zala araao. manve gauxangrZliva sparseTSi
mSvidobianad yofna Teimurazis vaJiSvilebs, magram
am SemTxvevaSic gulboroti abasis nebam Seiwira
ufliswulebico. axla jeri qeTevan dedofalze
midga da vidremde maszed ar iZevs Surs, ver moisvenebso. amitom isev da isev imamyuli-xanis meSveobiT unda davarwmunoT dedofali gaqcevaSio.
imave RamiT daiZren qarTvelebi Sarazis mimar-
46
TulebiT. isev molebisa da derviSebis samosi gadaicves, usafrTxo rom yofiliyo mgzavroba. sami
dRis savali or dReSi dafares. dRiswul miadgnen
qalaqis galavans. kaci wargzavna imamyuli-xanTan
mamao nikiforem. icoda, sad unda moeZia da zustad
miaswavla misi adgil-samyofeli, qalaqSi rom ar
daewyo uTavbolo siaruli da kiTxva-gakiTxva. dRis
dasaliers mobrunda Sikriki imamyuli-xanisgan da
wigni moutana dabeWdili.
undilaZe ityobineboda:
- Sua RamiT cixions ecodineba Tqveni mobrZanebis
Sesaxeb da daubrkoleblad SemogiSvebs qalaqSio.
iseTi ieri miiReT, TiTqos daRlilebi xarT da esesaa SeisveneTo. qalaqis moedanze Cemi kaci dagixvdebaT da Tqvens sadgomamdis migiyvanT da moisveneT.
diliT salocavSi SevxvdeT da iZulebiT stumars
Segaxvedrebo.
mamao nikifore mixvda, rom `iZulebiT stumarSi~
imamyuli-xani qeTevan dedofals gulisxmobda.
saqme marTalac garTulebuliyo, sifrTxile iyo
saWiro, raTa Tavic ar daekargaT da iZulebiTi
stumris mdgomareobac ar garTulebuliyo. amitom
zedmiwevniT yvelaferi ise gaakeTes, rogorc xanma
moswera. Tanac Tavi daizRvia, gadaamowma piradad
qalaqis Sesasvlel-gasasvlelebi. gamoelaparaka cixions. abezrobda, merme Tavi rom moabezra, mcvelma
xmamaRla dauyvira:
- gamecale, abezaro derviSoo!
- vin aris da ra gayvirebso? - hkiTxa cixisTavma.
- erTi devriSia, imamyuli-xanTan mimaval meqqel
molas elodebao.
- ho, ho, vicio, gadaeci mag derviSs, dRes RamiT
unda CamobrZandes is meqqeli mola da Tu inebebs
SenTan Sexvedras, maSin SegiSvebT qalaqSio. imamyuli-xanma piradad mTxova meqqeli stumari ar daayovnoT, Senc icode da danarCenebic gaafrTxileo.
mamao nikiforesac es undoda. Sescina cixions
da manac dahpirda:
- xom gaige, ra Tqva ufrosmao. Camova amaRam
mola da Tu inebebs, maSin SegiSveb qalaqSio.
- axla SemiSvio, - daeRrija `derviSi~.
- xom giTxari, ar SeiZlebao, Zlivs gamovyareT
qalaqidan SenisTana usaqmurebi da axla Sen SegiSvao?!
- fuls mogcemo.
- saidan gaqvs folio?
- keTlma xalxma miwyalobao, - uTxra da ramdenime oqros drahma Soridan daanaxa.
- kargad manaxeo! - gaubrwyinda Tvalebi cixions.
- rom momparoo? - iWvneuli derviSis saxe
miiRo mamao nikiforem.
- allahsa geficebi, ar mogparav, mxolod CamogarTmevo, - CaixiTxiTa cixionma.
- Tu ar momparav, maSin mogcemo...
da `daimedebulma derviSma~ gauwoda fuli.
manac viTomc aqac araferiao, jibeSi Caiyara.
- aba, axla amoicani am drahmebSi, romeli iyo
Senio!
- es iyoo, - daado xeli ganurCevlad romeliRac
oqros monetas.
- arao, - uTxra cixionma, - es Seni fuli ar
iyoo, wadi axla, damekarge aqedano, - gamoekida
,,derviSs” cixioni.
isic ,,tiril-tiriliT” gaecala iqaurobas.
risi gagebac undoda, gaigo. derviSobanas TamaSi
imisTvis dasWirda mamao nikifores, rom yuradReba
gadaetana cixisTavs mis mier gaTqmuli ambisgan
da daviwyeboda isic, rom viRacas sWirdeboda am
ambis codna maSin, roca yvelaferi es sWirdeboda
iseT vinmes, romelTa saTvalavSi arc ki unda Cagdebuliyo.
marTlac, yvelaferi ise gakeTda, rogorc daTqmuli iyo. araviTari cdomileba. yvelaferma mSvidobianad Caiara. meore dResve Seaxvedra imamyulixanma nikifore beri dedofals.
karga xans isaubres, ra Tqma unda, ganmartovebiT, merme rodesac gaqcevaze midga saqme, mamao
nikiforem ixmo gverdiT oTaxSi myofi imam-yuli
xani da orTavem saTiTaod auxsnen Seqmnili viTarebis
saSiSroeba. isic dawvrilebiT gaandes dedofals,
Tu rogor gaiyvandnen mas samSvidobos, da rom
arc imamyuli-xansa da arc mis xelqveiTebs saSiSroeba ar daemuqreboda. saerTaSoriso viTarebac
uambes, arwmunebdnen, rom abas-yaeni saqarTveloze
ver wamova omiT da Tu wamova qarTvelebi saamisod mzad ariano, yoveli SemTxvevisTvis amas irwmuneba qarTlidan mosuli wyaroebio. giorgi saakaZe
tfilissa da qarTls meTvalyureobso.
- aki mourav-xani abasis kaciao.
- es zedapirulad Canso, - uTxra nikiforem qeTevan dedofals, - sinamdvileSi ki saakaZe xelsayrel
dros elodeba, raTa risxvad daeces sparsul garnizonebso.
- gasagebiao, - Tqva bolos dedofalma, - magram
isev da isev unda gagawbiloTo. axla rom Tqven
Tan wamogyveT, maSin me gaqceuli da ukeTes SemTxvevaSi TavSefarebuli viqnebi. axla ki Tavganwiruli
var qristesTvis da amas xedavs araTu sparseTi
da saqarTvelo, aramed europac. wina dReebSi iTxoves
abasisgan Cemi monaxuleba iezuitebma. Sahmac siamovnebiT darTo neba da miaswavla maT Cemi adgilsamyofeli. isinic mpirdebian usafrTxo adgilas ga-
dayvanas, magram icode, Rirso mamao, gaqceviTa da
Tavis SveliT fasi da Rirebuleba ekargeba araTu
qeTevan dedofals, aramed TviT Tavganwirvas, amdeni
xnis tyveobis xibls. iqneb TviT abassac undodes
Cemi gaqceva, igi xom wamdauwum miTvalTvalebs. an
gaqcevisas moakvdinebinebs Cems Tavs mdevrebs, an
samSvidobos gamacilebs. orTave SemTxveva misTvis
xelsayreli iqneba. amitom vamjobine lodini. rac
moxdeba, uflis nebiT moxdeba yvelaferio.
yvelaferi naTeli da gasagebi iyo nikiforesTvis.
sadgomSi misulma Teimuraz mefes wignad miswera,
rom dedofali ganwirulia da Saabas-yaeni mas Zalian male moakvdinebso.
jer wigni arc ki eqneboda Casuli Teimurazs,
rom abas-yaenma qeTevan dedofals rjulis Secvla
da colad gayola mosTxova.
mtkice uariT gamoistumra dedofalma Sahis
wargzavnilebi, mosafiqreblad droc ki ar daitova,
ise. male movida abasis brZaneba Sirazs:
- wamebiT moakvdineT qeTevanio, Tanac qalaqis
Sua moedanze, saqveynod, ar darCes arc erTi misi
momnaxulebeli am sanaxaobis unaxavado.
veRarasfers gaxda imamyuli-xani dedoflis gadasarCenad. Sirazidan gasasvleli karibWeni nikiforesTvisac daxuruli aRmoCnda. verc qrTamiT gaaRwia qalaqidan da verc motyuebiT. bolos cixionni
daemuqren kidec mokvdinebiT, ris Semdegac gawbilebuli moZRvari qalaqSi darCa, vidremde aResruleboda dedoflis wamebiT mokvdineba. im dRes, rodesac
nikifores sadgomSi samxedroebi Secvivdnen da ubrZanes moedanze gasvla, mixvda, rom es kaxeTis dedoflis ukanaskneli dRe iyo.
Tvals ver usworebda mamao nikifore eSafotze
asul dedofals. ixsenebda ociode wlis win koconze damwvar jordano brunos da Tvalebi ewvoda,
adarebda ra im Soreul evropiul da dRevandel
aziur dReebs erTmaneTTan.
Tu evropisTvis ganmanaTlebloba iyo codvis
matarebeli, aziisTvis rwmenis simtkice iyo borotebis wyaroT-saTave. Sedarebisas ganicdida adamianuri
gonis sibneles, sibnele rom warmoSobda simxeces... da fiqrobda:
romeli sibnele ufro bneli iyo sarwmunoebrivi Tu moazrovneobrivi.
rwmenis Secvlis moTxovniT evropaSi sikvdiliT aRar sjidnen,
arc aziaSi klavdnen Tavisuflad moazrovneebs...
magram iyo raRac auxsneli, rac erTica da meorec Tanabarzomierad miuRebeli iyo.
rac aklda evropas, is gaaCnda azias da
rac ar hqonda azias,
47
is momadleboda evropas... da mixvda,
rom yovelives saTave adamianis azrovnebis SezRudva iyo, romlis sapirispirodac
erTni RvTis erTgulebisTvis iRupebian,
meoreni ki RvTiT mimadlebuli samyaros SemecnebisTvis...
da es Semecneba imdenad srulmomcveli iyo da
farTo gaqanebisa, raRacnairad rom Semoefargla
es am axali azrovneba, ar daujerebdnen:
erTgan eretikosad monaTlavdnen,
meoregan ki WkuaSemcdar moxetiale moleqsederviSad.
erT SemTxvevaSi Tu koconze dawva ar ascdeboda,
meore SemTxvevaSi gardauvali gandevna mohyveboda
adamianTa yoveli sadgomidan,
uares SemTxvevaSi Caqolavdnen qvebiT.
gons maSin moego, roca yvelaferi damTavrebuli iyo. qalaqis moedanze idgnen TviTon da erTic
Tanmxlebi, romelsac mklavebis marwuxebSi moecia
igi, Tavad ki xrmlis vadaze eWira xeli da mis
amomarTvas lamobda. miixed-moixeda irgvliv da
moqalaqeni mas uyurebdnen. erTianad moeSva da moiTenTa. Tanmxlebmac gauSva xeli. xelis SeSveba da
miwaze mTeli sxeuliT dacema erTi hqna moZRvarma.
imave RamiT iezuitebma miakiTxes mamao nikifores, dedoflis cxedari unda gadmogvcen sparselebmao da Tqvenc SemogvierTdiTo.
- saidan iciT, Cven wamebuli dedoflis Wirisuflebi rom varTo? - daeWvebiT ikiTxa mRvdelma.
- mTelma qalaqma SegamCnia, Tqveno mowyalebav,
da Cven riT dagvrCebodi uyuradRebodo. iqamde,
Sahsac moxsenda Tqveni ambavio. amitom unda viCqaroT da cxedari mainc gavitacoT am dawyevlili
qalaqidano.
mamao nikifore mixvda, rom eseni sando xalxi
iyvnen. amitom daTqmuli adgilisken gahyva maT.
qalaqis ganapira sakmaod Camobnelebuli iyo, magram
landebiviT Candnen Sekrebili adamianebi. mamao nikiforem nabijs umata d aim landebSi Seeria. CiraRdnebi ar hqondaT, vinmes rom ar SeemCnia, imitom. mamao
nikiforem nabijs umata da im landebs Seeria.
CiraRdnebi ar hqondaT, vinmes rom ar SeemCnia.
mamao nikiforem italiel iezuitTa garda portugalieli berebic SeamCnia. ramdenime spars cixions
elaparakebodnen. erTi cixionTagani xmaze icno
nikiforem, derviSis samosiT morTuli rom gamoecxada qalaqis SesasvlelTan da meqqeli molas mobrZanebas rom eloda TiTqos. icoda, rom sibnelis,
gansxvavebuli mdgomareobisa da viTarebis gamo
ver Seicnobda cixioni mas, amitom Tamamad CaerTo
saubarSi. `meqqelma molam~ yvela ganacvifra enebis
48
codniT, cixionmac miaqcia yuradReba da xmaze Seicno is ,,moxetiale derviSi~. gauRima man mamao
nikifores da sparsulad mimarTa:
`mowyaleo derviSoo...”
yuri aarida am naTqvams, TumcaRa yuradRebidan
ar gamoparvia cixionis mimarTva da mas sparsuladve
upasuxa:
- axla amisi dro ar aris, unda viCqaroT da
gvami amaRamve unda gavitanoT qalaqidano.
cixionma uTxra Wirisuflebs:
- qalaqidan gagataninebT cxedars, magram misi
qveynidan gatana gagiWirdebaTo.
portugalielma berma Tqva:
- Cven gavitanT dedoflis cxedars qveynidan.
Sahisgan xelSeuxeblobis firmani gvaqvso.
- sparseTSi aseTi firmani Cvenc gvaqvso, - SeewinaaRmdega italieli iezuiti.
gaeRima evropelTa gulubryvilobaze spars cixions.
- mag firmanebsa da xidan mowyvetil foTlebs
erTi fasi aqvso, - uTxra maT da nikifores mimarTa,
- mowyaleo derviSo, gadauTargmneo.
manac gadauTargmna yvelas Tav-TavianT enaze
cixionis naTqvami da Tavisic daamata:
- roca qari mouberavso.
- maSin ra vqnaTo? - ikiTxes erTxmad dabneulma
evropelebma.
- nawil-nawil unda gavitanoTo, - dinjad da
mtkiced Tqva nikiforem.
sayovelTao dumilma kiTxvebiT savse eWvebi
gamoxata da ar iyo saWiro kiTxvis xmamaRla dasma, ise ganmarta yvelaferi mamao nikiforem:
- cxedari unda davanawevroT. davirigebT am nawilebs da qveynis sxvadasxva mxares wavalT, bolos
yvelani saqarTveloSi SevikribebiT, erTarsad SevaerTebT cxedris nawilebs da mere mivcemT miwaso.
- dedofali xom wmindaniao, qristianobisTvis
Tavdadebulio! - wamoiZaxa portugalielma berma.
- hoda, miT umeteso, - sityva SeaSvela iezuitma, - wmindanTa nawilebi xom mTels saqristianoSia
gabneulio.
da ase gadawyvites...
da asec moxda...
magram misionerebi ver Seelien wamebuli dedoflis wminda nawilebs da is indoeTidan espaneTamde
gaifanta.
erTi saswauli moxda qeTevanis wmida nawilebis
SemobrZanebisas - kaxeTis sazRvarTan qarTvelTa
mxedroba daxvda martvil dedofals. gzad alazani
unda gadaevloT. uceb Zlieri qariSxali amovarda
da erT-erTi wmida nawili mdinareSi Cavarda. mdi-
narem umal aRma iwyo dineba da wmida nawilic Tan
gaiyola.
amis Semdeg alazani xan aRma adis, xan daRma
da daatarebs wmida dedofals iveriaSi da es
gagrZeldeba manamdis, sanam sxeulis yvela nawili
erTad ar moiyris Tavs.
imasac amboben, rom mdinaris aRma dinebisas
qarTvelTa Soris iseTi kaci ibadeba, romelic dinebis aRma iwyebs svlas da Tavis ersac aiyoliebso.
aseT kacebs sulkalmaxas uwodebeno. isini dedoflis
wmida nawilebs mihyvebian da ersac aseve daatarebeno.
roca dineba isev daRma svlas iwyebs sulkalmaxa
mainc aRma miuyveba dinebas, magram es qveyana ise
pataraa, rom Tu ar dinebis siswrafe mas qveyniereba ar eyofa Semosavlelad da amitom dinebis
siswrafis Zalas isev qveviT qveyanaSi Camohyavso.
xolo dinebis daRma dinebisas qarTvelTa Soris
iseTi kaci ibadeba, romelic wyals mihyveba da misi
qveyanac wyals miaqvso. amitom aseT kacs erSi
sulwawymedils eZaxian da eridebian yovelis mxriv
mis gamefebas. metwilad amamluqeben dinebis daRmamavalobisas dabadebulebs. ganicdian da glovoben
mSoblebi gatacebul Svilebs, magram maTi momkiTxavi aravinaa. mainca da mainc ukeTes yofaSi aRmoCenilebi arc TviTon cdiloben daubrundnen mamapapeul fesvebs.
aris kidev ori ukiduresoba dinebisas - aRmavlobisa Tu daRmavlobis bolo wertilze misvlisa
da mdinaris SeCerebisa. amboben aseT dros iSviaTad
ibadeba bavSvi da Tu ibadeba, aravin icis vin aris
iso, arc misi bedis asaval-dasavali icis mainca
da mainc xalxmao, mxolod varaudebiT Tu SeiZleba
imsjelon ama Tu im kacis ganvlili cxovrebis
ucnaurobis mixedviT mdinaris romeli gaCerebis
wertilze daibada igi.
ra Tqma unda, SecdomiT, magram xalxSi daiareboda azri imis Sesaxeb, rom TiTqos nikifore irbaxi mdinaris daRmavlobis gaCerebisas daibadao;
ra Tqma unda, nikifore irbaxi aravin icis rodis
daibada;
ra Tqma unda nikifore irbaxi gacilebiT adre
daibada, vidre qeTevan dedoflis wmida nawili
alazans SeerTveboda;
ra Tqma unda, alazani dedoflis martvilobamdec
aRma-daRma ivlida;
ra Tqma unda, adamianebic mdinaris aRma-daRmavlobis niSniT daibadebodnen;
ra Tqma unda, yvelaferi erT-arsad Sejgufda
bolos da ase msjelobden dResac adamianTa bediRbalze.
iveriaSi dabrunebisTanave nikifore irbaxi da-
ibara Teimuraz mefem da evropaSi daavala gamgzavreba:
romis papTan da espaniis mefesTan wignebi gaatana,
maTTan erTad gzad romel qveyanasac gaivlida, im
qveynis mefe enaxa, Tu amas TviTonve CaTvlida saWirod da maTTanac gaemarTa molaparakebebi sparseTTan omSi daxmarebis Sesaxeb.
Tavi gaiqnia irbaxma iWvneulad:
- sad europa da misi monarqebi da sad saqarTvelo Tavisi mter-moyvriTo. europa Soriao. vidre
me iqamdis mivaRwev, aqedan qva qvaze da ambis gamtani
ar darCebao.
- uars meubnebio? - dananebiT hkiTxa Teimurazma.
- ra brZanebaa, Cemo xelmwifev, Tundac dResve
waval, magram europa yuris ZirSi araa. europaze
metad lixT imereTi da odiSi mogexmareba jariT,
sursaTiTa da fuliT. europas arodes cxela CvenTvis, Tavisi safiqraliT aris garTuli. sababi gnebavs? iqac luterianni aviwroveben laTianTa saqristianos, Tundac kalvinelni. espanias zRvis mflobeloba es-esaa waarTva angliam, didi armada ver mounelebia espanias da Cven gamogviwvdis xels?! anglia
gnebavT, imasac Tavisi safiqrali aqvs, Caketila
Tavis kunZulebze da aswlovani omis Semdeg cxvirs
aRar hyofs did miwaze, arc sxvas uSvebs Tavis
samflobeloebSi mainca da mainc. prusiaao da litva-polonelebma tevtonebs iseTi dRe ayares, jerac
ver mosulan gons. aqeT poloneTi frTxilobs,
Tavisi Tavi gasWirvebia, aravin icis ra dros wamoesxmeba Tavs ruseTi. ruseTi racaa, Senc kargad ici,
mefev batono.
- aba, saSveli ar aris?
- saSveli aris, rogor ara. sruliad europam
Cveni saWiroeba unda igrZnos. arc Cven unda viyoT
maTTvis ucxoni da arc isini - CvenTvis. mimosvla
meti unda gvqondes. Cvens enas yuri unda SeaCvion.
bevri misioneri unda Camovides saqarTveloSi, Cvenganac bevri unda wavides. europiuli TamaSi unda
viTamaSoT.
- ki, magram, gvaclis am europiul TamaSs sparseTi da osmaleTi?
- vidremdis sparseTi da osmaleTi erTmaneTSi
metoqeoben, Cven arara dagvemarTeba. osmalos cali
fexi evropaSi aqvs, meore aziaSi. gaxidulia or
samyaroSi TaTari rodosis kolosiviT. sparseTs
ki es nakluloba aqvs: savaWrod europaze gasasvlels eZebs; europa ki indoeTSi misasvlel gzebs
eZebs: xuTwliani SualediT espaniidan qristoforo
kolumbi gavida zRvaSi, portugaliiTgan ki vasko
da gama. orive eqspediciis mizani iyo indoeTSi
umoklesi gzis povna. erTma axali miwebi aRmoaCina,
meorem afrikas Semouara da wvaleb-wvalebiT, magram
49
manac miaRwia indoeTamdis. europas indoeTSi oqrouloba da auarebeli Zvirfaseuloba eguleba. indoeTis umoklesi gza europidan indoeTisken iveriaze
gadis, es Senc kargad ici, mefev batono. amitom es
unda gamoviyenoT europelTa mosaxiblad da ara
sparsTan omi da brZolao.
- ki magram, rogor unda movxibloT europa,
roca Cven Cveni Tavi gagvWirvebia. es gza xom saxifaToa yovelis mxriv. aTasi dabrkolebaa, vidremde
indoeTamde CaaRwev.
- amitom yvelafers omi ki ara, goneba sWirdebao,
- Seepasuxa nikifore.
- es rogoro? - sxartad hkiTxa mefem.
- sruliad ubralodo: sparseTs sWirdeba europa,
europas - indoeTi, Cven - mSvidoba. sparseTi europamde an Cveni gavliT unda mivides, an osmaleTis.
evqsinis pontis gaRmac osmaleTia. sakmarisia qarTul
sanapiroebze sparsuli xomaldebi gaCndes, wonasworoba Seicvleba zRvaze. amitom sparsTan omi ki
ara, dayvaveba da gonivruli urTierToba gvWirdeba.
Sen me pirvel yovlisa abas-yeenTan unda mgzavnideo.
masTan saqmis mogvareba niSnavs Cvens mSvidobas.
merme europasTanac meti saTqmeli gveqneba da isic
metad moixibleba CveniT da TviTon europa aiZulebs
osmaleTs indoeTSi mimosvlas ar SeuSalos xeli.
axla, marTalia, mogzaurobaTa TavdaviwyebaSi arian
gadavardnili europielni, magram male mixvdebian,
Tu ukve mixvedrilni ar arian, rom warmatebuli
mogzauroba araTu raimes aRmoCenaSi mdgomareobs,
aramed imaSi, Tu raoden dazogavs xarjebs am mogzaurobebisas, Torem axla samyaros oTxiv mxares rom
gamiSva, raRacas mec aRmovaCen. adamianebi karCaketilobidan samyaros ukidegano sivrceebs euflebian. Sen
rogor ggonia, mefev batono, sul ase gagrZeldeba?
- aRmosaCeni rom aRaraferi iqneba da uCvenodac
gaikvleven gzas, Cven raRa vqnaT mermeo?
- samwuxarod, Cvenc karCaketil cxovrebas veweviT, sparseTma da osmaleTma xrmals da miwas migvajaWva da vera vgrZnobT, ver vxvdebiT, rogor icvleba msoflio azrovneba. Sen axla mecnierobaSi
naxe, ra warmatebebs miaRwies europielma swavlulebma. CvenSi omi unda Sewydes da goneba davasvenoT
filakavaniT, mSvild-isriT, abjriT, xrmal-muzaradiT.
aReb-micemobis dro modis, Cvenc aReb-micemobaSi
unda gavsarjoT Cveni odiTi metoqeebi. iseTi ram
unda SevTavazoT maT, rac aqamomdis arodes unaxavT.
amisTvis europa gagvanaTlebs. amisTvis unda gamoviyenoT europa. viswavloT misgan, rac saswavlelia
da europiuli azrovnebiTa da msofl-WvretiT davelaparakoT maT. merme sparseTisTvisac mimzidvelebi
gavxdebiT araTu imisTvis, rom gadagvaSenos da ga-
50
dagvajiSos, aramed imisTvis, rom Cvenis wyalobiT
meti isargeblos im msoflio azrovnebidan. Cven
unda gavxdeT karibWe europasTan da es karibWe
Ria unda iyos maTTvis, Torem, erTi dRe iqneba, isini Semoamtvreven mas, rogorc cdilobdnen odiT.
iqamde, saomari iaraRebic metad daxvewili aqvs
europas, vidre sparseTs. esec unda viswavloT maTgan da davnergoT CvenSi. xrmalis dro midis, samagierod zarbaznebisa da Tofis dro modis. roca
SeviaraRdebiT mewinave iaraRiT, sparseTsac SeeSindeba Cveni da osmaleTsac. Amas ki dro moitans. hoda, europa rom gamowuravs indoeTs, iveriaSi fexi
mokidebuli eqneba ukve da Cvenc misi ganuyofeli
nawili viqnebiT. maTTvis Cveni dacva marto qristianuli Rirsebis ki ara saarsebo aucileblobidan
iqneba ganpirobebuli, Tu vinme odesme Sebedavs
Cvens SebRalvaso.
- lamazad bWob, Rirso mamao, magram es ki gaviwydeba, rom saqarTveloSi erTi mefe ar zis da
abas-yaens europaze gasasvlelad sul mcire sam
mefesTan da or mTavarTan mouwevs urTierTobao.
sxva rom ara, me sisxli mmarTebs da es daRvrili
sisxli ar momcems masTan Tavisuflad laparakis
saSualebas.
- me mesmis Seni, Cemo mwyalobelo xelmwifeo,
magram Senc unda Seismino Cemi. abass Seni didebuli
mSoblisa da Svilebis sisxlSi aqvs xeli gasvrili.
magram Sen xom mefe xar. Sen valdebuli xar pirad
grZnobebze amaRlde Seni eris sakeTildReod da
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi Sens dauZinebel mterTanac
unda gaaba urTierToba. iseT SemTxvevaSi, Tu Cven
irans europisken gavuxsniT gzas, misTvis umjobesi
iqneba xuT mefe-mTavarTan laparaks, erTs daelaparakos, xuT samefo-samTavros gadakveTas misTvis amjobebs erTi saxelmwifo gadakveTos. sparseTisTvis
aseTi saasparezo are hereTidan evqsinis pontamdis
gadaiWimeba da dRes rom iveriis gaerTianebis pirvel
mtrad gvevlineba, merme is gaerTianebuli iveriis
Tavgamodebuli damcveli gaxdeba, damcveli Tu ara,
qomagi da gulSematkivari mainc.
- bevri ram ar gesmis, Rirso mamao, saxelmwifoTaSoris urTierTobaSi, amitom girCev iseT sferoebSi nu SeiWrebi, ris Sesaxebac ara gagegeba ra. Sen
mxolod is aRasrule, rasac gibrZaneben. es aris da
es. Seni msoflWvretiT Cems miznebs amsxvrev. amitom
saxifaTocaa SenTvis akrZaluls miRma fiqric kio.
- drois sunTqvas ver grZnob, mefev batono, TavisTvis Cailaparaka nikiforem, - hoda, amis gamo
mtkiva gulio. me gana Sens neba-survils vewinaaRmdegebi, me msurs, rom Senma neba-survilebma saTanado
Sedegebi gamoiRoso. me kargad vicnob europas,
Senze kargad, Cemo mefeo. me xom europam gamomzarda.
me kargad maqvs Seswavlili sparseTica da osmaleTic. sparseTi aTaseuli wlebia Cveni mezoblebi
arain. avi Tu gvaxsovs magaTgan, kargic gvaxsovs.
osmaleTi ki imis Semdeg dagvimezoblda, rac bizantiam dakarga Tavisi xibli da gaqra kidec qveynierebis zedapiridan, Tanac ise gaqra, veraferi rom
ver aRadgens verasodes. metsac getyvi, iranze meti
mteri CvenTvis osmaleTia. arafers getyvi ruseTze,
is jer Zalas ikrebs sakuTar TavSi. Cvenis mecadineobiT Soridan gviTvalTvalebs, rogorc mxeci samomavlo nadavls, romelsac ori mtacebeli ver iyofs
da amisTvis erTmaneTs samkvdro-sasicocxlod gadakidebian, bolos es momlodine erTi zusti naxtomiT rom daepatronos yvelasfers. imedia, Cvens
sicocxleSi es ar moxdeba da Cveni Svilebis sicocxleSico. dadgeba dro, sparseTica da osmaleTic xvewna-mudaras dagviwyeben, oRond ruseTs Tavi daanebeT da nu gagvimezoblebT, samagierod rasac gvTxovT, yvelafers agisrulebT, warTmeulsac
ukan dagibrunebT da sxvasac bevrs gifeSqaSebTo.
isini kargad Sexedaven ruseTis mzard saSiSroebas, magram ukve gviani iqneba. Cven dawerili wigniviT saukuneebia gadagveSala es qveyana misdauneburad, magram jiuti uwignurebiviT SevCerebivarT
TvalebSi. ar gvinda misi wakiTxva da amocnoba,
erTmorwmuneobiT vibrmavebT Tvalebs, da mitom.
am ruseTis madis aRZvra isev da isev, mxolod
da mxolod Cveni miamituri bunebis brali iqnebao.
- Sen ratomRac Cems gamosajavreblad Cems
megobrebs esxmi Tavs da gaviwydeba ruseTi da osmaleTi Cveni mokavSireebi rom ariano, - iwyina Teimurazma ruseTis augad xseneba.
- es saubrebi Sors wagviyvans, sjobs isev europaSi mogzaurobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi ganvixiloTo, - Sewyvita Tavisi msjeloba nikiforem.
- ase sjobso, - daeTanxma Teimurazi da Seatyo
nikiforem, rogor gadauvida gacxareba mefes.
- Tu SesaZlebeli iqneba, ociode bavSvi Sekribe
Sens samefoSi da Tan gamayoleo. - rad gindao? ikiTxa Teimurazma.
- es bavSvebi adre Tu gvian gamamluqebisTvis
arian ganwirulni, ar ajobebs maT europis sxvadasxva
qveyanaSi mivaRebinoT ganaTleba da mere europiuli ganaTlebiT dagvibrundnen samSobloSio?!
- Cemo nikoloz, - mefem eriskacobis saxeliT
rom mimarTa mamao nikifores, amiT xazi gausva
misdami megobrul da Sinaurul damokidebulebas.
es igrZno nikiforem da Seemzada mefis enakvimatobis
mosasmenad da amanac ar daayovna, - europiuli ganaTlebiT Senc gvyofni da axla SenisTana ociode
kaci rom Camovides aq, xom gadaatriales es simwriT
Sekowiwebuli qveyanao. ise, simarTle giTxra, es
kargi azria. magram romis papTan rom Caxval, masTan
daayene es sakiTxic, aseve espaniisa da sxva qveynebis
mefeebTan. iqneb xarjebic maTve gaiRon. Cven ki
CvendaTavad ocsac gavgzavniT da ergassac, TavianTi
meTvalyureebianad. mTels europaSi gavabnioT es
bavSvebi da sxvadasxva xeloba, sxvadasxva xelovneba,
sxvadasxva mecnieroba SevaswavloT. marTlac, gamamluqebas europiuli ganaTlebis miReba ajobebs, ra
Tqma undao. am jerze veravis gagatan, Rirso mamao.
amazec dayabulda nikifore irbaxi, igi evropaSi
aucileblad gaarkvevs romel saswavlebelSi gaamwesebs qarTvel ymawvilebs, xarjebsac daTvlis da
warudgens xelmwifes. isic imTaviTve icis, es saxsrebi rogor moapovebinos gapartaxebuli qveynis xazinas. zogadad yvelaferi icis, mefe daugzavnis wignebs
mefeebs,
papebs,
kardinalebsa da
mTavrebs,
amis miRma man unda iRonos yvelaferi, evropas
daanaxos indoeTisken umoklesi gza. man isic kargad
icis, rom qveynierebaze axla zRviT mogzaurobis
droa damdgari aTasgvari dabrkolebisa da saSiSroebis miuxedavad. evropis gonierebas indoeTis gzebi
ki ara, ufrore zRvis dapyroba da damorCileba
sWirdeba. araferia, es saxadic gadauvlis evropas,
merme dawynarebul gunebaze ifiqrebs, igi daelodeba,
aucileblad daelodeba, evropaSi iqneba Tu saqarTveloSi, im nanatr dromde miva, roca am naswavli
ymawvilebiT gon-gaxsnili iveria aleqsandre makedoneliviT nanatr ocnebas daudebs safuZvels da
evropasa da azias erTmaneTTan daakavSirebs
ara omiT,
aramed mimosvliT,
gacvla-gamocvliT,
aReb micemobiT.
maSin iveria Tavis daniSnulebas i povis kacobriobaSio, - amas fiqrobda nikifore irbaxi evropis gzaze.
sxvas fiqrobda Teimurazi:
- Zlivas movicile es abezari mRvdelio, yvelaferSi cxvirs yofs, rac misi saqme araao. sada mcalian masTan bodiSoba, qveyanas unda mivxedo. mtrad
mosulia abasi, es ki masTan megobrobas mirCevso.
Slegia es sabralo xucesi, aba ra unda vuwodo
aseT kacsao. igi evropas kargad icnobs da iyialos
aqeT-iqiTo. Tu vinme mefeTagani gadaacdina Cvenda
sasargeblod, xom kargi, Tu arada erTxans Tavs
mainc damanebebs da TviTonac gaerTobao.
amas fiqrobda da Tan axali leqsis gamocxo-
51
bas Seudga, fiqrobda da werda maRal zneobriv
leqss, sparsul yaidaze moWrils da rusTvelurad
gawyobils.
am cxel gulze Teimurazs levan dadianma kaci
aaxla, TavisTan iwvevda odiSs, uTvlida mamidaisSvili biZaSvils:
- karga xania ar mstumrebixar, verc me gewvie
abasis gamo kaxeTso. es wlebi, vici, daZabuli gqonda,
amitom Tavi ganitvirTeo. arc me mqonda dalxeniT
saqme, magram Sengan gansxvavebiT Sin arc erTi
mteri ar mixteboda da Sinadve vagvarebdi maTTan
urTierTobebso. Sen ki deda-budianad agyara wyeulma Sahma da vis karzec xar dRes, xval isini
gagimterdebian da mere kidev sxvis karze xar
atuzulio. Camodi Cemsas, abasis jibrze icxovre
odiSs ramdeni xanic genebos. merme xelsayreli
dro ixelTe da daibrune Seni taxti. erTxel ase
vqeniT, maSin netarxsenebulma luarsabma ar dagvijera da gaiZvera Sadimans daujera. Tavic amitom
waago. iyav Cemsas. sasikeTo xmebic momdis qarTliTgan. wignSi amas ver getyvio.
ase iyo Tu ise, Teimurazs umal evropas wargzavnili nikifore gaaxsenda da ifiqra:
- levanTan stumroba imiTac iqneba sasargeblo,
rom am irbaxs mas gadavulocav da merme, ase
uqniaT, erTmaneTs Tavebi amtvriono. RvTis wyalobasaviT gamomegzavna levanis wignio. eWvsac veravin
aiRebs, TviTon levania Cemi stumrobis moTaveo. iq
davelodebi nikifores da vubrZaneb elCobis Sedegebi odiSs macnoboso. marTalia, levans raRac
gaTvla eqneba Cemi odiSSi stumrobiT, magram es
CemTvis meorexarisxovania. is CemTvisac xelsayrelad unda vaqcio. am damTxveul mRvdels rom Camovicileb, meti xeiri ra ginda rom iyos! iqneb
levansac moutanos xeiri nikiforemao.
devnil mefes wignis wakiTxvis Semdeg, ra Tqma
unda, saxe gaebadra, magram levanis Sikriks ubrZana
erTi dRiT moecada, vidremde odiSis mTavarTan
sapasuxo wigns gaatanda. es erTgvari TavpatiJi
iyo Teimurazisgan, magram sakmaod moxerxebuli da
saqmiani ieris SemZeni. Sikrikmac da levanmac kargad
icodnen, Teimurazi am mowvevas rom uyoymanod daTanxmdeboda. amisaTvis maspinZelma stumris misaRebad
windawinve Tadarigi daiWira da mefisTvis saTanado darbazi gamoyo.
arc Teimurazma,
arc levanma da
miT umetes arc nikifore irbaxma
ar icodnen, ra nayofieri gamodgeboda odiSis
ZlierebisTvis kaxeTis mefis stumroba.
arc is icodnen -
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arc stumarma da arc maspinZelma ra saCuqars umzadebda Teimurazi levans nikifores saxiT.
ase iolad icilebdnen Tavidan did kacebs patarpatara mefukebi da gonier kacebs xvdebodaT aseTi
saCuqrebi, magram am gonier kacebs Zalaufleba ar
hyofnidaT droulad da jerovnad gamoeyenebinaT
es didi kacebi qveynis sasikeTod.
mamai nikifore mudmivad werda wignebs Teimuraz
mefes, Tu ra gaakeTa, vis Sexvda, ra gadawyda, aseve
uxatavda evropuli cxovrebis zogad suraTebs.
werda
monarqebze da papebze,
mTavrebze da grafebze,
ministrebze da elCebze,
xatavda ama Tu im qveynis mdgomareobis suraTebs... da saerTo evropul ganwyobebsa da miswrafebebze. ris Semdeg ras apirebda, sad unda wasuliyo da vin unda enaxa ra mizniT.
werda
mniSvnelovansa da umniSvnelos,
mecnierul siaxleebzec, Tu ra gziT midioda
msoflio azrovneba.
wignebis dawerasa da gamogzavnas ver aswrebda, rom
axali iwereboda, Teimurazic kiTxvas ver audioda.
zogi ram gatacebiT CaikiTxa,
zogs zereled avlebda Tvals,
wignis zogierT monakveTs arc kiTxulobda, imdenad arasaWirod miaCnda mefes.
merme am wignTa kiTxvac mowyinda da ukve miwerilebi da axlad miRebulebi da momavalSi dasaweric Tavis guluxv maspinZels gadauloca wasakiTxad da gasacnobad, iqneb rameSi gamogadgeso,
TviTon ki Sah-abasTan TvalTmaqcuri SerigebiT iyo
dakavebuli da ispahans Tavis elCebs agzavnida.
levansac gaumxila ganazraxi, marTalia, dadianma
ar moiwona Teimurazis gadawyvetileba, magram imedi gamoTqva, rom kaxT-batoni moaxerxebda mosisxle
mterTan `Serigebas”. odiSis mTavarma icoda, rom
mourav-xani qarTlSi iyo da sarwmunod modioda
ambebi saakaZis idumali saqmianobis Sesaxeb. amitom
aridebda Tavis biZis-Svils naadrev dazavebas. ndobiT
masac ar endoboda bolomde, rom gaemxila sparseTTan moaxlebuli omis SesaZlebloba, arada awuxebda
Teimurazis siCqare.
- iqneb marTlac sazavod mieces qarTvelebs
saqme da warsdeqi merme Sen, rogorc ganze mdgomi
da ubralo mozave. sixaruliT migiRebs abasi, Tu
sazavod ar mogveca saqme. kaxeTi xom Senia da
RmerTma mogaxmaroso. Tu ar daganebes qarTvelebma,
qarTvelis damarcxebas ra unda?! - CaixiTxiTa
levanma da nikifores werilebis sakiTxavad wavida.
nikifore ki ityobineboda:
gemiT mSvidobianad vimgzavreT da neapolis navTsayudarSi gavCerdiT. me aq Camovedi, gemi ki genuaSi agrZelebda svlas. aq adgilobrivma abatma migviRo, gamoikiTxa Cveni Camosvlis mizezi da iverTa
mefis beWdiani wigni rom vuCveneT pontifikosisadmi miwerili, didad gaixara. samtrod mosulni
vegoneT Tavdapirvelad da mesame-meoTxe WiqaSi
gamogvityda:
- Tqveni wignebis CamorTmeva gvindoda, magram
vinaidan Tqvenc qristianebi xarT, saqristiano migiRebT rogorc mokeTe Zmebsao.
esec mkiTxa:
- ase zedmiwevniT rad iswavle italiuri enao?
- romSio, - vupasuxe.
ar moeloda am pasuxs, egona sadRac gadasakargavSi misioneris madliT viswavle enebi. merme ase
miTxra:
- me am xnis moviyare da sul Cems saabatoSi
var gamoketili. damijerebT, ori fexis gawvdomazea aqedan romi da jerac ar vyofilvar am maradiul qalaqSi. Tqven ki, Soreuli iveriis Svilo,
romSi yofilxarT ganswavlulio. ise aewyo Cemi
saqmeebi, am qalaqidan jerac ver gavsulvaro, arada, vin miSlis?!
- hoda, amaze kargi sababi ra geqneba, mowyaleo
mamao, wamogvyevi da Tavad wargvadgine romis papTano.
am winadadebaze didad gaixara abatma da Tavis
msaxurT mgzavrobisTvis mzadeba ubrZana. maT gaikvires, magram raxan masTan ucxoeli stumrebi
viyaviT, didmniSvnelovan saqmed CaTvales da facifuciT daiwyes mzadeba, Tan Woraobasac mihyves
xeli. erT RameSi ra ar viyaviT maT warmodgenaSi,
Tvla aRaraa. Cvens mosasvenebel keliaSi kargad
ismoda maTi saubrebi, radgan erT dros Cveni oTaxi da gverdiTa oTaxi erT darbazs warmoadgenda
da ratomRac calfa aguriT gayves da keliebad
gadaakeTes isini. albaT sagangebod gaakeTes ase,
ufro ioli rom yofiliyo miyuradeba. me Cems
qarTvel TanmxlebT vuTargmnidi maT naCurCuls,
isini ki Cumad xvixvinebdnen. erTis sityviT, im
RamiT gvianobamdis gagvarTves berebma. diliT adrianad gavemgzavreT romSi.
- erTi ram unda mogaxseno, mefev batono, agrZelebda sxva wignSi nikifore mRvdeli, - europaSi
amasobaSi lamisaa cxenze jdomas gadaveCvio. aq
miRebulia oTxTvaliT mgzavroba da es oTxTvala
isea mowyobili, rom cxeniT erTi dRis savals
sul raRac saaTsa Tu or saaTSi dafarav. erTgvari
marxilia, oTxTvalaze dadebulia msubuqad SeWe-
dili patara oTaxi or mxridan rbili savarZlebiT.
masSi sul mcire oTxi cxenia Sebmuli, Tu SeZlebul
kacs daemgzavrebi, rva cxenic SeiZleba iyos Sebmuli
or-or wyvilad. bunebrivia, rac metia cxeni, miT
meti aqvs siCqare am mowyobilobas. saamisod gzebic
mowesrigebulia, oRro-CoRro da ormoebi rom ar
Sexvdes mimavals. aseT dros gardauvali marcxi
elodeba mgzavrs. gadaxurulsa da cxenebs Soris
kaci zis da marTavs cxenebs. mas quCers uxmoben,
xolo am mowyobilobas kareta hqvia. metad kargi
ram aris es karetebi. asevea Ria karetebi, sazafxulod dadian imiT warCinebuli seniorebi, aba glexobasa da ubir xalxs vin miscems aseT fufunebas.
am karetebis naxazebs Camogitan da gaaxleb piradad,
mefev-batono. Cqarobs europa, aRar hyofnis europas europa da axlad aRmoCenil samyaroSi miuwevs
guli. ase amboben, iq el’doradoao. hoda, dadian
zRvaosnebi am el’dorados qveynebSi da mihyavs
xalxi da CamoaqvT qveynis ram, aqamdisin rom ar
uxilavs araTu europas, aramed aziasac da afrikasac.
es nakeTobebio, es mcenareulobebio, es qsovil-naWrebio, ra vici kidev ra ara... ambebic ucnauri CamoaqvT, gadaries pirdapir mTeli europa. piramidebiao,
amboben - piramidebi me egvi pteSi minaxavs. ara, iseTi araao, amboben, kibeebianiao. Tu RmerTma ineba, im
ucnauri piramidebis monaxuleba msurs. erTxel
ise aRmiwera es piramidebi mezRvaurma, sizmarSi
vnaxe. merme misi Canaxati gavakeTe da vanaxe mas.
- swored aseTiao. Sen saidan naxe es piramidao?
- mkiTxa, - nanaxi Tu gqonda, ratom malaparake amdenio.
gamecina. vuTxari:
- damesizmra-Tqo.
almacerad gamiRima, ar damijera. hoda, aseTi
europa, romelic gadasakargavSi, CvenSi rom ityvian
cxra mTasa da cxra zRvas iqiT, el’dorados qveynebs i pyrobs da imorCilebs, cxenze jdomas, bunebrivia, aRar dayabuldeba da male TviTmaval etlebsac gamoigoneben. Cemi aq ymawvilobaSi yofnisas
galilei gviambobda pirad saubrebSiLleonardo da
vinCis naxazebze. Turme mas hqonia orTqlis Zrava
daxatuli.
- hoda es Zrava am karetebze rom daayenoo, gvarwmunebda galilei, - es karetebi TavisiT ivlian
cxenebis gareSeo.
me maSin karetebic ki ar menaxa, rogori iyo da
es gonieri xalxi TviTmavlebze gvelaparakebodnen.
saocrebebi xdeba, mefev batono, europaSi. naTeli
goni imarjvebs TandisTanobiT yvela sferoSi.
RmerTo mapatie da nu Semrisxav, magram romis
papsac Seekveca sambrZaneblo. iqeT nemencur-prusiuli miwebi daakargvina luTerma, mogvianebiT kal-
53
vinelebma. britaneTis kunZulebi raxania gamosulia
laTinTa samwysodan. franciaSic ewadaT, magram
verras gaxdnen, TumcaRa iq iseTi kardinali mefobs,
romelic araTu romis paps, Tavis sakuTar mefesac
ar epueba da Tavis winadadebebs karnaxobs. armanus riSelie hqvia saxelad. hoda, masTan unda
gavmarTo molaparakebebi, franciis imedi Tu gvinda
gvqondes. erTi espaniaa darCenili, mtkiced roma
aqvs mokidebuli fexi laTinebs, eSiniaT granadis
emirati ar aRdges, qveyanaSi mravlad arian moriskebi,
da mitom. es moriskebi arabul-afrikuli warmoSobis
yofili muslimanebi arian, espania osmalos uRlisgan
ganTavisuflebis Semdeg rom daeria da gaaqristiana.
Tavis mxriv espanias Tvali uWiravs italiur
qveynebze da niderlandebis respublikaze. es respublika Turme yofila umefo mmarTveloba. RmerTma daifaros iveria da iveriis mefeebi respublikisgan. romi vidremde imperia gaxdeboda, respublika
yofilao, - ase miTxres patreebma. senats xalxi
irCevdao, saajo kari rom hqonda did daviT mefes
CvenSi, imdagvari, oRond umefod, an mefianad, roca
mefe emorCileba senats. CvenSi yovelTvis mefis
neba yovelgvar darbazze da saajo karze umtkicesi
iyo da hgies ukunisamde. ai, Tamar mefis dros rom
moisurva yuTlu arslanma karvis gamarTva, iseTi
mmarTveloba undaT SemoiRon mTels europaSi. amis
winapirobas TviT europieli mefeebi iZlevian TavianTi uzneobiT. espaniis habsburgebi, magaliTebr,
gadaekiden saRvTo romis imperias, eqiSpebian pirvelobisTvis erTmaneTs. nemencebi ise arian daqsaqsulni,
deda Svils ver aiyvans - zogi kalvinelia, zogic
luTereli, aqa-iq kaTolikobasac misdeven. yvelaferi
es damokidebulia ara mefeze, aramed grafebze, es
grafebi CvenSi rom mTavrebi arian, iseTi Zalaufleba
gaaCniaT. yvela erTad romis paps ewinaaRmdegeba,
ver uTmoben sasuliero sambrZaneblos, imis iqeT
ukve mefeebi batonoben. arc mefeebs awyobT mainca
da mainc Zlieri saeklesio xelisufleba. franciaSi,
erTxel ukve mogwere kardinali mefobs, roSelie.
masTan warvgzavne sarwmuno kacni da audiencia
viTxove. vgoneb, yvelafers kargi piri uCans. is
sarwmuno kaci espaniis mefis ambebsac Sematyobinebs: riT da rogor movinadiro Zlieri monarqis
guli (ase uxmoben mefeebs europaSi).
erTic kargi cnoba minda mogando, mefev batono,
gardasul saukuneebSi iyo aseTi kaci giutenbergi,
romelmac xataelTa wabaZviT manqana gamoigona da
wignebis beWdvas mihyo xeli. europaSi damkvidrda
wignTa beWdvis xeloba. liTonze asxamen aso-bgerebis nimuSebs, literebs uxmoben aseT patar-patara Camosxmul aso-bgerebs. mermeT asoTa amwyob-
54
ni sityvebs kreben. ukuRmiTaa Camosxmuli literebi,
waRmiT rom daibeWdos. mermeT am awyobil gverdebs
dazgaSi amagreben, saRebavs usvamen, masze deben
qaRalds an pergaments. dazga dawnexavs damagrebul
gverdebs da qaRalds erTmaneTze, merme aiReben
anabeWds da wignebad kraven. ase aseulobiT wignis
dabeWdva SeiZleba, gadamwerebi aRarcaa saWiro.
erTma aqaurma abatma SemomTavaza qarTulad romelsame wignis dabeWdva. Cemis azriT pirvelad rac
SeiZleba daibeWdos italiaSi, es sityvaT-cnobaria
italiuris TargmnebiT. laTinebic gaigeben yovelisfers da qarTvelTaTvisac xelmisawvdomi iqneba italiuri enis Seswavla da aq rom Camovlen saswavleblad ymawvilebi, gauioldebaT mecnierebaTa daufleba
italiuris codnis gamo. axla yvelafers vRonilob, iqneb vinme litografi vnaxo, qarTuli anbanis
literebi rom Camogvisxas da daamzados. franciskanelma berebma wigni maCuqes, leqsikons uxmoben,
sityvaTa-ganmartebania. amis magaliTebr unda davwero italiur-qarTuli leqsikoni. aqauri swavlulebic gamimarTaven xels. maT ician rogor unda
aigos sityvaT-ganmartebani. umTavresi monaxazebi
Semaswavles, ras unda mieqces yuradReba - aso-bgeraTa Tanmimdevrobas, advili saZebneli rom gaxdes,
Torem sityvebi aRireva da bevric gamogvrCebao.
erTni italiuris sityvebiT momamarageben, me qarTul
Sesatyvisebs mivuTiTeb. mermeT erTianad gadavxedavT
da wignad avawyobT mas. RmerTi mogvimarTavs xels.
ymawvilkacobaSi rom viyavi aq, europaSi saxelganTqmuli moleqsis Seqspiris nabeWdi wigni SeviZine
raRac-raRac danazogebiT. es Seqspiri iseTivea europisTvis, viTa qarTvelTaTvis rusTveli. oRond esaa,
rom Seqspiris wignebs aravin amziTvebs.
axla franciis kardinalTan wargzavnili kacisgan miviRe wigni. riSelie Turme daTanxmebula
CemTan audiencias. ra vqna, pontifikosTanac mqonda
aseTive audienciaze mowveva. aqauri patreebi mirCeven
saswrafod franciaSi gamgzavrebas.
- is ufro mniSvnelovaniao, - meubnebian, - papi
sad gageqcevao, riSelie ki metad TavkerZa kacia
da misi ugulebelhyofa SeiZleba Zvirad dagijdeso.
xelmwifeebs aukrZalavs SenTan urTierTobas da
sasaxleebic saguldagulod daixureba SenTviso.
amitom iCqare da daTqmuli dRisTvis mis TvalsawierSi iyavio.
dovlaTiani kacia riSelie, yvela qveyanaSi hyavs
Tavisi jaSuSi. SeiZleba iTqvas, mTeli Tu ara, naxevarze meti europa muWSi hyavs moqceuli. amitom
vCqarob da vwyvet am wigns. danarCens gzadagza
gacnobeb, Cemo keTilismyofelo xelmwifeo.
diax, mefev-batono, - agrZelebda sxva wignSi
ambebis Txrobas nikifore irbaxi, - Sevxvdi armanus
riSelies. didebuli apartamentebi aqvs parizis
SuagulSi, gareubnadac aqvs mamulebi. keTilganwyobiT mimiRo kardinalma. dawvrilebiT gamomkiTxa
iveriasa da iveriis mefeTa Sesaxeb. bevri ram Cveni
qveynis Sesaxeb TviTonac scodnia. wmida graalze
gamimaxvila yuradReba, ase miTxra:
- wmida graalisa da sauflo kvarTis mcvel
ers visi ra daxmareba gWiriaTo. erTxans europa
iveriis mefe-xucesma gadaarCina da gogsa da magogs
Seukra xel-fexi da Cvensken salaSqrod ar gadmouSva, imdenad mZlavri dartyma miayenao. aq menestrelebi masze sagaloblebs Txzaveno.
riSelies kargad scodnia abas-yaenis simxeceTa
ambebi.
- portugalielma berebma qeTevan dedoflis
wmida nawili aq moasvenes da mec pativi mqonda
mesa aRmevlina misi wmida sulisTviso.
ase rom, riSelie cudi sasaubro kaci ar aris,
TumcaRa masTan Sexvedra yovelTvis safrTxiloa,
ar ici ra udevs gunebaSi im wuTSi, da mitom. jariT daxmarebas rac Seexeba, amaze Tavi Seikava, jari aqac mWirdeba da sakmao raodenobisao. ymawvilTa
ganswavlaze ki sixaruliT damTanxmda, ase brZana
misma brwyinvalebam:
- Tu inebebs Tqveni xelmwife da ramdensac
inebebs, yvelas europis saukeTeso saswavleblebsa
da akademiebSi gavamwesebT da Tanxasac Tavidan
bolomde piradad me gaviRebo.
samxedro daxmarebisTvis ki wigni maaxla saSuamdgomlo espaniis mefesTan, Tu raime SeZleba eqneba,
or-sam korpus jarisas dagaxmarso.
riSeliem pativi damdo da wveuleba gamimarTa,
franciis mefec moiwvia liudoviko meaTsammete. am
wveulebaze velmoJebma mimabes, Tu rogor gadaarCina
xelmwife SeTqmulebas ingliseli avantiurist hercog bukingemisgan, romelic dedofals dauaxlovda
mefis taxtidan Camogdebis wadiliT. riSelies mokvdinebac ndomebia Turme. rom ara samefos pirveli
ministrisa da kardinalis mecadineoba, SeTqmulebi
sawadels miaRwevdnen. axla imdenadaa daculi kardinalis sicocxle da usafrTxoeba, rom amas mTeli
polki uzrunvelhyofs - polki jaris didi SenaerTia europiul enebze. isic miambes, rom riSeliem dedofalsac erT dros gadaafiqrebina da xeli
aaRebina SeTqmulebaze, ris gamoc liudovik mefis
gansakuTrebuli ndoba daimsaxura da amis Semdgomad eboZa pirveli ministris savarZeli. amJamad
mefe da kardinali la-roSelis alyas xelmZRvaneloben ukve meramdene Tvea. me espaniidan vadevneb
Tvals am alyas. mowinaaRmdege isev is TaRliTi
hercogia. riSeliem xerxi ixmara da damba aagebina
moalyeebs. amiT zRvidan Caketa kunZuli. es damba
erTgavri kedelia, aleqsandre makedoneli iyenebda
mas, Semoewyoboda ra auRebel cixe-galavnebs, dambebs
agebda da amis meSveobiT iRebdnen cixeebs. riSeliemac am xerxs mimarTa. amasobaSi kardinalma Tavisi
mstovari Seagzavna la-roSelSi da hercogi bukingemi moakvlevina. dReebis saqmea da la-roSeli
daecema. Tanac hugenotebsac CauvardaT kovzi nacarSi. egonaT aujanydebodnen pirvel ministrs, magram
iZulebuli gaxdnen sakuTar naWuWSi Caiketon. amiT
riSeliem espaniasac agrZnobina, rom francia amis
iqiT saerTaSoriso asparezze damoukidebeli moTamaSea da ara misi qveSevrdomi. Cvenc aseTi Zalis
wigni gagvatana espaniis mefesTan filipe meoTxesTan.
aqac TiTqmis igive mdgomareobaa, rac franciaSi. fili pe ymawvilia, mouSuSebeli, itacebs sasaxlis karis cxovreba, saxelmwifoze odnavadac ar
zrunavs. qveyanas grafi-hercogi gaspar olivaresi
marTavs - friad saSiSi pirovneba. riSeliesgan
gansxvavebiT igi mxolod Zalauflebis moxveWaze
fiqrobs da ara mis gamoyenebaze. imdenad gaumaZRaria
olivaresi, grafisa da hercogis wodebebi gaierTiana, CvenSi rom vTqvaT `Tavad-aznauri”, raRac amdagvari sWirs. riSelies wigni lamis Tavze damaxia,
magram didgvarovnulma wesierebam mainc Tavisi
Tqva. Tanac aqac, am gulgorozi graf-hercogis
sasaxleSic smeniaT da sakmaod safuZvlianadac
qeTevan dedoflis Sesaxeb. es rom Sevityve, olivaress vuTxari:
- me qeTevan dedoflis saxelovani Svilis Teimurazis elCi var-Tqo.
didad gaixara gasparma, guldasmiT momismina,
manac riSelies msgavsad jarze uari momaxsena,
ymawvilTa gawvrTnaze ki siamovnebiT damTanxmda:
- esao-da, Tu gnebavT, mTeli iveria CamodiT
CvenTan gindac iswavleT, gindac icxovreTo. Cvenc
xom iverielebi varT, oRond pireneebis iveriaao,
Tqven ki - kavkasiisao. es mTelma espaniam icis da
gulwrfelad moxarulni viqnebiT, Tu Tavs daaRwevT im kaciWamia sparsebsa da osmalebso.
xumroba megona, Turme gulwrfeli yofila. riSeliesgan gansxvavebiT, romelic mudam fxizlobs,
ZilSic ki, olivaresi mudam mTvralia, sifxizleSic
ki. erTica da meorec SesaSurad uZRvebian TavTavianT saqmeebs. marTalia, erTmaneTs ver itanen, magram
angariSs uweven erTmaneTsao. am didvezirTa paeqrobaSi gamoWyentilia TviT pontifikosi urbani.
isic raa, Tavis naTesavebzea gadayolili. laTinuri eklesiis sambrZanebloSi daxvavebulni arian
kardinalebad barberinebi -
55
aqeT es naTesavi,
iqiT is naTesavi.
axali Camosuli viyavi romSi, roca miqelanjelos mier oTxmoci wlis win damuSavebuli wmida
petres taZris mSenebloba dasrulda da papma sazeimo mesa gadaixada dasrulebul taZarSi. eniT auwereli didebulebaa. is TviTon unda naxo da ganicado sakuTari Tavica da mTeli samyaroc am
RvTaebriv taZarSi dgomiT.
pontifikoss saxeli da gavlena ar gaaCnia Tavis
mrevlSi. espaneli da austrieli habsburgebic ki
ver Seariga da omi ukve ramdeni welia gaWianurebulia da jer sadaa - arc Tavi uCans am europiul
oms da arc bolo. samagierod urban mervem ganaaxlaGgalileo galileisTan brZola (galileis Sesaxeb
bevri ram giambe tfilisSic da aqeT gamomgzavrebis
win quTaTisis cixeSic). hoda, am pontifikoss surs
gaimeoros i polito aldobrandinis, igive kliment
mervis codva, Cadenili jordano brunos da masTan
erTad mTeli moazrovne kacobriobis winaSe. es
enis gasatexi gvari imitomac damamaxsovrda ase
mwared, rom is Tavgasatexi beci iyo. es ricxviT
merveebi bediswerad aRimarTa msoflio gonze. axla
jeri galileo galileize midga. miuxedavad imisa,
rom urbanma gulTbilad mimiRo da mowafeTa saqmeSi
xeli gamimarTa, calybad jvarosnul omsac dampirda
sparsTa da osmalTa winaaRmdeg, igi Tu galileis
koconze dawvavs, araTu igi, mTlianad moazrovne
europa zurgs Seaqcevs laTinTa sarwmunoebas, isedac bevri moimdures sainkvizicio sasamarTloebiT.
es ukve yvelafris gvirgvini iqneba. mas Tu ara,
imedia diad inkvizitors mainc eyofa goniereba da
urbanis ugnurebas aacilebs eklesiasac da kacobriobasac.
kidev erTi ram unda mogaxseno, Cemo patrono,
sasamarTloTa msvlelobaze Tvalyuris sadevneblad italiaSi sagangebod Camovida niderlandis
respublikis elCi piter paul rubensi. me igi
espaniaSi gavicani. gasaocari mxatvaria. gulCaTxrobili kacia rubensi - coliSvili rom daRupvia,
mis merme elCobas mohyo xeli, franciaSic yofila,
prusiaSic, espaniis mefesTan molaparakebebs marTavda
imxanad. erTmaneTs davedareT olivaresTan Sexvedrisas. karg ganwyobaze iyo olivaresi maSin, aseve
warCinebuli espaneli mxatvari gagvacno - diego
velaskesi. erTmaneTSi saerTo ena mainc ver i poves
am orma didma mxatvarma. pirvelsave dRes wakamaTdnen ferweris sferoSi. TavianTi simarTlis dasamtkiceblad orivem erTdoulad gaakeTa Cemi da
olivaresis Canaxati - erTma erTi xelis mosmiT,
meorem didi dakvirvebis Semdeg, magram gasaocari
56
siswrafiT. gamogviwodes Tav-TavianTi namuSevrebi
da TavianTi mrwamsis damtkicebas Seudgnen. marTalia,
Cven bevri vera gavigeT ra, magram erTs rames namdvilad mivxvdi - isini TavianT saxels daimkvidreben
kacobriobaSi.
hoda, rubensi aq, romSi Camovida papaTan mosalaparakeblad, raTa galileis Tavdebad daudges mecnieris gasaTavisuflebad. is rom gavige, rubensi
roms ewviao, maSinve mis sadgoms mivaSure. gaixara
mxatvarma Cemi naxviT, gavaxsene espaniaSi dapirebuli, - qarTuli aso-bgerebis graviuris gakeTebas
dampirda da merme imis mixedviT Sen TviTon Camoasxmevine ostatebs literebio. gaeRima rubens.
- me rom am saqmisTvis ar Camovsulvar italiaSio!
iseTi saxe miviRe, Rimils sicili moayola da
dapireba mainc amisrula. axla wignad vkinZavT
italiur da qarTul sityvaTa ganmartebebis krebuls. rogorc ki davasruleb masze muSaobas, iqve
gamoveSurebi saqarTveloSi da ramdenime cal wigns
gaaxleb.
sacaa miiwureba Cemi misia europaSi da miT metad davrwmundi Cemi varaudis marTebulobaSi, mefev
batono. europa aRaraa iseTi, rac iyo adreul
saukuneebSi. mas muslimanuri saSiSroeba aRar emuqreba. mas SeuZlia Cvens mosisxlesac gaurigdes
raRacis sanacvlod da pirispir marto dagvtovos
uamrav mtrebTan ise, rom arc ki Sercxveba amisa.
europaca da msoflioc sabolood mainc mixvdeba,
rom omi maTi keTildReobis gamosavali araa. erTmaneTSi dRes mxolod imisaTvis omoben, rom xval
goneba daewmindos:
visac adre - miT ukeTesi,
visac gvian - ara uSavs, da
visac ara - miT uaresi.
europas gzebi sWirdeba sarfiani aReba-micemobisTvis. gza kidev Cven gvaqvs. ifiqre amazed, mefev
batono, da rac droulad dauzavdebi sparseTs,
miT male daiwyeba CvenTvis siaxleTa mTeli wyeba
sasiamovnoc da usiamovnoc. sasiamovno sasiamovnoa,
usiamovnos ki gonierebiT unda SevegeboT, raTa
veraferi dagvaklos axaldroebis siavem. wignis
beWdva warmatebiT dasrulda. yvelas madloba Sevwire, vinc mxarSi medga am xnis ganmavlobaSi da gamamarTvina wignis saqme. amaze kargi ra unda gamekeTebina europaSi. kmayofili var friad. marTalia,
polkebi da kohortebi ar momyavs sparseTisa da
osmaleTis dasarbevad, samagierod momaqvs wignebi,
romlebic nebismier imperias aaSenebs da daangrevs.
ymawvilebis europielad ganswavla - ai, Cemi momavali
iaraRi mterTanac da moyvaresTanaco, -
aseTi amaRlebuli ganwyobiT daasrula Tavisi
epistoleebi kaxeTis mefe TeimurazTan nikifore
irbaxma.
mas egona, mefe mTelis gulisyuriT kiTxulobs
Cems wignebso. miiCqaroda saqarTvelosken mogzaurobiT daqanculi da STabeWdilebebiT aRvsili beri
da gegmebs gegmebze awyobda. yvelaze Tamam miznebs
bolosken itovebda, radgan icoda, Teimurazi mSiSara iyo siaxleebis mimarT. isic icoda Tavdapirvelad riT unda daewyo, raTa mefe TviTonve gahyoloda am siaxleebs sixaruliT. modioda da rac
ufro uaxlovdeboda saqarTvelos sazRvrebs, miT
ufro metad ucemda guli.
mefe Teimurazi leon dadianTan eguleboda.
mas bevri ram smenoda odiSis mTavarze - kargic
da cudic, TumcaRa mas sakuTari azri ukve Seqmnili
hqonda masze da mis gacnobasac eswrafoda. leonTan
mas Tavisi miznebi hqonda da isic icoda ra SeeTavazebina da rogor SeeTavazebina. Tavis imedebsac
dadianze ufro amyarebda, vidre Teimurazze. leoni
mas gambedav da uSiS kacad miaCnda, romelic arafrisa da aravis winaSe qeds ar moixrida da ukanac
arafris gamo ar daixevda. nikiforesTvis es Tviseba iyo mTavari da gadamwyveti. nikifores leonSi xiblavda saqmis kaci. imis iqiT misTvis yvelaferi meorexarisxovani iyo. isic icoda, rom mefe
Teimurazi mas aucileblad Seaxvedrebda leons.
- iqneb leonsac amzadebs mefe CemTan Sesaxvedrado, - fiqrobda da am fiqrebSi verc ki SeamCnia,
rogor Semovida saqarTveloSi,
rogor daxvda mas dadianis kacebi da
rogor daadgnen levanis sasaxles.
dadianis kacebi sityvaZunwebi aRmoCndnen. nikiforem ifiqra, rom odiSelni yvelani aseTi jmuxebi
ariano, magram es azri maSin gauqarwylda, roca am
kacebma Tav-TavianTi soflebi gadaiares. sakmaod
mxiarulebi da enamoswrebulebi Candnen mTavris
kacebi. imaTma ra icodnen, Tu nikiforem zedmiwevniT icoda megruli sasaubro ena, masTan erTad
svanurica da afxazuric.
es levanis sagangebo davaleba iyo - rac ufro
pirquSad moaCvenebdnen damxvdurebi Tavs stumars,
miT ufro daZabuli iqneboda igi maspinZelTan Sexvedrisas. kiTxvebze civad da mokle pasuxebs iZleodnen:
- ar viciT,
- yvelafers naxavT,
- yvelafers gaigebT
da ase Semdeg.
rodesac SeuZRven sasaxleSi nikifores da namgzavrma megrulad miesalma odiSis mTavars, yvela
saxtad darCa, TviT levanic. meyvseulad mixvda
maspinZeli, rom mas ubralo mRvdelTan ar hqonda
saqme. im wignebs fsalmunebisa da Jamnis gamzuTxavi
ver dawerda.
imedebi gaucrua levanma nikifores Teimuraz
mefesTan dakavSirebiT. samagierod sakuTari Tavi
SesTavaza patronad. saubarSi isic daumata:
- wignebi, romlebsac Teimurazs werdi, yvela
wavikiTxe guldasmiT da msurs Seni miznebi Cems
samTavroSi ganaxorcielo. me dagexmarebi amaSi da
Tu ar vcdebi, Seni mizanic me unda viyoo. rac Sen
gsurs, imas verc Teimurazi ganaxorcielebs da
verc romelime sxva mefe. amas me Tu SevZleb mxolod. erTi meguleboda kidev - giorgi saakaZe, romelic osmaleTSi sikvdiliT dasajeso. amitom girCev,
CemTan darCe, arafers mogakleb, pativSi meyolebi,
oRond fexze damayenebine odiSi da Sens nafiqrsac
gaZlierebulni ganvaxorcielebT. siZliere marto
mravalricxovani jaris yolaSi araa. siZliere simdidreSicaa, ase ar iwerebodi europidgano?! Teimurazic Tanaxmaa me Segifaro da gi patrono. ai, misi
wignic, Sen dagitova wasvlis win. bazaleTis Semdeg
mTlad auvarda TavSi, sikvdilma erTbaSad ori
mteri Camoacila erTmaneTze miyolebiT - Saabasi
da mourav-xani. mas aRar scalia SenTvis da ukacravad, magram mainc unda giTxra, Seni Tavi me momigdoo.
ai, esec, - da gauwoda Teimurazis wigni, sadac mefe
nebas rTavda nikifores Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr
an darCeniliyo odiSs da leonis mfarveloba mieRo, an qveynierebis oTxsav mxares gza xsnili hqonda.
arc imas uSlida, masTan dabrunebuliyo, oRond aseT
SemTxvevaSi sasaxlisgan Sors unda daeWira Tavi.
levans egona, nikifores guli dawydeboda Teimurazis misdami damokidebulebis gamo, magram roca
gragnili daaxvia, anTebul buxarSi moisrola da
Tavi aswia, levanma usazRvro sixaruli waikiTxa
mis TvalebSi. amiT ukve darwmunda, ra kacTan hqonda
saqme da erTgvarad SeeSinda kidec, vaiTu mis siZlieres ver gauZlos mTavris sisusteebma da jerovnad
ver gamoviyeno es RvTis naboZi saCuqario.
- didi poetebi mxolod didebul Sairebs Txzaven
da isini did saxelmwifos ver aaSenebeno. xolo
ramdenad didi poetia Teimurazi, amis piruTvneli
Semfasebeli da damfasebeli droao, - Tqva nikiforem
da axal patrons mdablad daukra Tavi. merme megrulad mimarTa, - droa Tqveno brwyinvalebav, Tqveni adgil-mamuli SemoviaroT da SeviswavloTo.
- swavlisTvis mcire dro momiciao.
- oriod dRe odiSis SemovlisTvis savsebiT
sakmarisia swavlisTviso, - upasuxa nikiforem.
- ase cotao?
57
- Cven qarTvelebs didi dro vin mogvcao. didi
dro did poetebsa aqvT didi leqsebis sawerado.
orTaves gulianad gaecina.
umokles droSi levanma da nikiforem pirveli
gegma dasaxes - zRvasTan axlos mdinare engurze
gaaSenes savaWro cixe-qalaqi ruxi da am qalaqSi
Caasaxles goWouras brZolis alafad Cixoridan
da Cxaridan wamosxmuli somxebi da ebraelebi.
odiSSi gacxovelda aReb-micemoba, gaivso xazina avla-didebiT, mTeli qveynisa da mezoblebis
simdidrem erTad moiyara Tavi.
xalxi mimodioda.
odiSma saWiroebis funqcia SeiZina. mas ukve
angariSs uwevdnen osmaleTic da sparseTic. levanma
nikifores CagonebiT zarafxana gaxsna da fulis
moWra daiwyo iranuli monetebis wabaZviT. es saWiro
iyo Sahis yuradRebis misapyrobad. amis Sedegi iyo
is, rom nikifore saidumlod gaagzavna stambuls
da iq veneciis respublikis rezidents Sexvda, romelic sparseTis gavlenian pirebTan saqmiani da axlo
urTierToba hqonda. erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi arwmunebda nikifore irbaxi rezidents odiSisa da
zogadad saqarTvelos keTil-saimedoobaze. venecias
Tavisi moTxovnebi hqonda:
- odiSis ise gaZliereba moiTxova, rom danarCen
samTavro-samefoebze upirobo gavlena unda moepovebina;
- zRvaze gasasvlelis usafrTxoeba unda uzrunveleyo;
- osmaleTi unda Sesustebuliyo odiSsa da
mTels dasavleT saqarTveloSi.
merme kidev hqonda piradi miznebi, romlebic
uyoymanod unda daekmayofilebina odiSis mTavars.
marTalia, es Rirsebis Semlaxavic ki iyo, magram
didi saqmisTvis amasac unda gauZlos Zlierma
mTavarmao.
stambulSi yofnisas nikiforem sabaJoebis gaxsnis aucileblobazec esaubra veneciel rezidents
da amaSi marTlac daarwmuna, rom sabaJoebiT gacilebiT ioli sameTvalyureo iqneboda osmaleTis sazRvao floti.
- veneciis beWdiT evqsinis pontSi gamoCenil
xomaldebs xonTqari arras dauSavebso, - arwmunebda nikifore residents.
- mxolod im SemTxvevaSio, - CauWra saTqmeli
odiSis elCs rezidentma, - Tu es xomaldebi osmaleTis navsadgurebSi Sevao.
- amisaTvis qrTamebia saWiro Cvenis mxriv, sulTanTan molaparakebebi ki Tqvenis mxrivo.
- ra saWiroebisaTviso? - ikiTxa rezidentma, osmaleTi xom Tavs ar gesxmiT, Tqven xom damouki-
58
debeli mefeebi gyavT, fuls Tqvensas WriT, jari
Tqveni gyavT, damoukideblad abamT kavSir-urTierTobebs, visTanac moisurvebT, aba, SexedeT evropas ellada Caylapa piris pirvelsave gaRebisTanave,
zed makedonia miayola, rumineTi, bulgareTi, samxreT slavebi, xorvatebi, serbebi, slavTa sahercogo - ise SeWama, Tvalic ar dauxamxamebia. emuqreba
prusias, saRvTo romis imperias. SiSis zars scems
TviT veneciis respublikas... Tqven ki gsurT da
Cvenc mogviwodebT Cven-Cveni moqmedebebiT gavaRizianoT es daZinebuli drakoni.
- cdebi, Tqveno mowyalebavo, - Seawyvetina saubari
nikiforem, - am Cvenis nabijebiTa da mecadineobiT TviT
osmaleTic darCeba araTu kmayofili, mogebulic ki.
- mogebuli is axlacaa, raSi sWirdeba mas zedmeti Tavatkiveba iveriiTo? - ritorikuli kiTxva
dasva rezidentma.
- mxolod imisTvis, rom europaSi fexSedgmulma Cadrianma osmaleTma axal droebas fexi auwyos
da saSiSi aravisTvis gaxdes da aravin gaxdes
misTvisac saSiSi. europisken Cven Tu miviswrafiT,
osmaleTic igives akeTebs, cali fexi Sua Camodgmuli aqvs mand da amiT Tavisi eris gakeTilSobilebas cdilobs. europa kars uketavs, an mokrZalebuli RimiliTa da Tavaziani reveransebiT cdilobs ganeridos mas, Tavidan aicilos masTan urTierToba. Tundac imitom, rom sxva sarwmunoebisani arian. SeiZleba europisTvis xonTqarze ufro
saSiSi prelatebi iyvnen, magram amaze xmamaRla
aravin saubrobs, an Tu saubrobs, vai imas.
- kargia, Rirso mamao, mag azrebiT evropaSi rom
ar cxovrobTo, - gaeRima rezidents da amiT TavianTi
Sexvedris reziume moxaza.
ara gamovida ra am Sexvedridan, TumcaRa nikifores gadawyvetili hqonda levans yvelaferi gaekeTebina qveynis gaZlierebisTvis da gaerTianebisTvis.
sazRvao vaWrobam gacxovelebuli saxe miiRo.
osmaleTis Tvalis asaxvevad navsadgurobas mdinareTa SesarTavebi asrulebda, an xmeleTSi Rrmad
Sesuli samdinaro navTsayudelebi, xolo rac osmalTa sameTvalyureos warmoadgenda, eseni iyo foTi,
kemxeli - Turqulad yulevi, anaklia da tyayuru.
es ukanaskneli ise moxerxebulad iyo agebuli
zRvis sanapiroze, rom Tu ara sagangebod, ise verasgziT miagnebdi am qalaqs.
am navsadgurebidan qveyana maragdeboda:
mariliT, gamxmari TevziT,
xelosnobis sxvadasxva nawarmiT,
fufunebis sagnebiT,
qveynidan ki gahqondaT:
tilo, abreSumi, cvili, Tafli;
gahyavdaT tyveebi.
niCbiani navebi mdinareebs aRma miuyvebodnen qveynis Suagulisken da baJsac bolo navsayudelSi
ixdidnen. sabaJoebi gaemarTaT mdinare rionze quTaTisTan axlos, mdinare xobze TviT xobis monastris
siaxloves, mdinare moqvze merxeulTan. didi sabaJoebi WaladidSi, qariatasa da xorgaSi moewyoT. misionic xSirad mimodioda romsa da odiSs Soris.
sofel ganarjiaSi mTeli ubani gaSenda samisionero da mas wifurioni uwodes odiSelebma. nikifores
waqezebiT levanma axalis ZaliT daiwyo qalaqTa
Senebani da isic evropiuli gamocdilebiTa da
evropelTa monawileobiT.
sazRvaric myari hqonda levans Tavisi sambrZaneblosi dasavleTidan zRva da metad arasando osmalTa
samxedro xomaldebi icavdnen odiSs, TumcaRa, rusTa
xelmwifesTan SeTanxmebiT doneli kazakebi gamudmebiT arbevdnen Turqul flots, amis gamo osmalni
odiSisTvis ver iclidnen saTanadod, xolo levani
moxerxebulad gadi-gamodioda evqsinis pontze.
CrdiloeTiT levanis sambrZaneblos sazRvari
mdinare kelasuris marcxena napirze gadioda da
mihyveboda fanavis qeds. mas svaneTisgan egrisis
qedi yofda, enguris xeobiT ki sadadeSqelianos
gadascqeroda sofel xudonidan.
leCxumidan qvemoT cxeniswyali yofda modave
imereTsa da odiSs erTmaneTisgan, guriasTan sazRvari
ki mdinare rioni daadgina levanma, TumcaRa guriis
rionispira ramdenime sofeli hqonda an mitacebuli,
an saCuqrad miRebuli gagurielebis sanacvlod.
levanma odiSs axali sataxto qalaqi zugdidi
gaaSena - `sasaxle dadianTa, didSeni da palatebiani,
zRudegodoliani“. man mama-papiseuli WaqvijaSs zugdidi mxolod imitom amjobina, rom zRvam daikava
didi adgili qveynis yofa-cxovrebaSi. miTumetes
afsuebTan ganuwyveteli omebi aiZulebdnen dadians
mterTan axlos yofiliyo dasaxlebuli, raTa pirvelsave SesaZleblobisTanave erTi amosunTqviT Caeylapa yofili afxazTa samTavro gaafxazebuli afsua-gadamTielebianad. sazRvaric cvalebadi iyo Crdilo-dasavleTiT - an iyo zRuded kelasuri gamyofad odiS-afxazeTisa,
an kidev ufro CrdiloeTiT dioskuriasTan axlos. marTalia, afsuebma rbevebiT moaoxres miwebi
da mamulebi dioskuriidan hi piusamde (ese igi cxeniswylamde). ki, hqondaT leon-mTavris SiSi, TavianTi
da odiSelTa SesaZleblobebic kargad hqondaT gasigrZeganebuli da mxolod Camorbena-TareSebs kmayofildebodnen.
levanmac gaaZliera samTavros Tavdacva - qve-
yanaSi momravlda cixe-simagreebi rogorc raodenobiT, aseve siZlieriT ruxis, Waqvajis, Sxefis, xeTis, Tamakonis, lias,
jgalis, saTamaSias cixe-simagreebi;
cixeebi iyo unagiras qedzec guriisa da imereTis
sameTvalyureod;
garda kelarusis kedlisa, romelic siCqaris
gamo zog adgilebSi saZirkvlis gareSe, pirdapir
miwaze Sendeboda, afxazeT-odiSis gzebs CxorTolisa
da saTanjos cixeebi, engurze gadasasvlelebs ruxTan erTad ocarces cixec icavda (erTi marjvena,
meore ki marjvena mxridan). ruxSi mecixovneebs
zarbaznebic hqondaT. SekeTda kodoris, moqvis, RaliZgas, oqumis cixeebi.
levanis brZanebiT yvela Tavadi da aznauri valdebuli iyo Tavisi jariT daecvaT afxazeT-odiSis sazRvrebi morigeobiT. cixeebi levanma unagiras
qedzec ganalaga guriisa da imereTis dasarbevad.
arc svaneTs endoboda mainca da mainc odiSis
mTavari - maganas wyalgamoyof qedze Wyondidiseuli cixis axlo-maxlo omunes cixe aagebina,
Waniswylis xeobaSi layorias sayaraulo koSki,
jgalisa da Cqvaleris patara cixeebi.
zogierT cixesimagres mxolod TavSesafrad iyenebdnen. maT galavnebiT sazRvravdnen da tyeebSi
agebdnen. mSvidobianobisas es cixeebi carieldeboda.
dadianma kargad icoda brZolaSi zarbaznis
fasi, amitom safrangeTidan moiwvia zarbaznebis
ostati da ocdaaTi zarbazani Camoasxmevina, aseve
mravlad SeiZina Tofebi. frang ostats Segirdebad
miuCina odiSis gamoicdili meliToneebi da Seaswavla
zarbaznebis Camosxma. man SeaiaraRa Tavisi jari
da igi gawvrTna Tofis srolaSi mdgomare, mwoliare mdgomareobaSi, gaqceul cxenze jdomisas.
erTis sityviT, odiSSi vaglaxad verc erTi
urdo ver SemoiWreboda. cixe ar iyo darCenili
odiSSi zarbazani erTi ki ara, aTiode rom ar yofiliyo, meTofeebis aseuli rom ar mdgariyo TiToeul cixeSi.
qveyanaSi mSvidobam daisadgura, amoisunTqa glexma,
metadre baraqiani wlebi waewyo erTmaneTs. levanma eklesiebsac mixeda. Tavisi dovlaTis didi nawili
taZar-monastrebs Seswira. misi mecadineobiT moxates walenjixisa da xobis eklesiebi, aSenda korcxelis taZari. roca leon odiSis mefe `anakofiis
zRvidam mTamde aaSena zRude afxazTa gamousvlelobisTvis”, am kedlis mSeneblobaSi mas bediis, moqvisa
da drandis efiskofosebi exmarebodnen.
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi sparseTis moaxloebis
gamo mcxeTaSi saeklesio yofa-cxovreba myarad ar
idga. uxucesi sruliad iberiis unetaresi kaTali-
59
kosi da misi svita momxvdurTa gamudmebuli Tavdasxmis molodinSi iyvnen. xSirad ixiznebodnen da
wignebs mTaSi malavdnen. mcxeTis taxti am mxriv
moryeuli iyo da aravin icoda rodis daemxoboda,
an Tu ar daemxoboda, sabolood visi nebis gamtarebeli iqneboda, aravin icoda.
sxva mdgomareoba iyo dasavleT saqarTveloSi.
saerTo mZime viTarebis miuxedavad levanma odiSSi
saeklesio moRvaweobisTvis saukeTeso pirobebi Seqmna.
qveyana ase Tu ise gareSe darbevebisgan daculi
iyo. sagareo vaWrobis ganviTarebis wyalobiT odiSi
gamdidrda. simdidris didi nawili eklesiebs xmardeboda. dasavleT saqarTvelos anu umrwemes sruliad
iberiis uwmides patriarqs, imereTis araerTgzisi
darbevis Semdeg, levanma biWvinTaSi miuCina taxti
da biWvinTis mTavarefiskofosis tituli uboZa.
swored levanma aqcia biWvinTa saqarTvelos saeklesio suverenad.
nikifores rCeviT levanma ,,vefxistyaosani” waikiTxa da imdenad moixibla, rom mis karze moRvawe
wignTa gadamwer mamuka TavaqaraSvils gadaawerina
da daasuraTebina rusTveli, mowveul oqromWedlebs
ki oqroTi da patiosani qvebiT Seamkobina wignis yda.
arc amas dajerda nikifore - ierusalimis jvris
monasters aqamdis arsebuli yvela begara da vali
gaastumrebina levans. merme erT xans am monastris
efiskofosad wargzavna Tavisi marjvena xeli jvris mama, rogorc odiSSi uwodebdnen nikifores,
Tan daavala:
- Tu SesaZlebeli iqneba da amaze adgilobrivi
ber-monazvnebi dagTanxmdebian, iqneb Cemi da Cemi
colis nestan-darejanis freskebiT moaxatvinoT
wmida miwaze qarTuli salocavio.
yvelafer amas nikifore rusTvelTan siaxlovis
gamo akeTebda, da daTanxmda:
- ierusalimis patriarqs gamovTxov Tqvensa da
Tqvenis Tanamecxedris freskebso. mTels saqarTveloSi xom erTi Sen darCi mamulis meWirnaxuled
- luarsabi mokles, kaxeTi dai pyres da bedovlaTi
Teimurazi xan sad afarebs Tavs, xan sad. imereTs
aramtkice da unebisyofo patroni hyavs. mxolod
Sen Seqmeni am abrundul saukuneSi mtkice samefosamTavro da vis, Tu ara Sen, gekuTvnis freskis dawerao.
wignic aaxla leonma ierusalimis patriarqTan
da boloSi nikiforem daurideblad miawerina:
`xelmwifeTa xelmwife dadiani leon.”
wlebis Semdegac fiqrobda rostom-xani am ucnaur nikolozyofil nikiforeze da qarTvel mefeTa
uniaTobaze gadahqonda yovelJams yuradReba. rogor
SeiZleboda nikifore gyoloda sasaxlis karze da
60
igi odiSisaTvis migegdo. Teimurazma misi CamocilebiT kaxeTis samefo gaanadgurebina dauZinebel mters.
leonma gonivrulad gamoiyena es ucnauri kaci,
jvris mamis wyalobiT dadianma samTavro ki ara,
saxelmwifo Seqmna.
- bevri inatrebs aseT saxelmwifoso, - nanobda
rostom xani da gaixsena nikiforesTan erT-erTi
arasasiamovno Sexvedra, roca mRvdelma saqveynod
pirSi miaxala qarTlis mefes:
- Sen, goniero kaco, ase rom mogaqvs Tavi Senis
gonierobiT, is goniereba maSin gamoCndeboda, marabdis
velze giorgi saakaZesTan gveri-gverd rom gebrZola
da mis winaaRmdeg sparsTa kohortebs ar wahyolodio.
am braldebas xSirad ambobdnen rostomis misamarTiT, rac igi qarTlis mefed gaxda, magram siTamame
mxolod nikiforem gamoiCina da pirSi miaxala es
samduravi. maSin mas pasuxi ar hqonda jvris mamis
sayvedurze. axla, am mixrwnilebaSi mas SeuZlia
gamarTleba moupovos yvelafers - sikargesac da
siavesac. esaa rom, man saTanadod ver Seafasa Tavis
droze nikifores goniereba, Torem isini erTad
saarako saqmeebs gaakeTebdnen.
mxolod levanma gamoiCina is gonebagamWriaxoba, rasac sparseTis Sahis karze ase gulmodgined
swavlobda rostomi. iqneb gangebam imitom ar daanaxa mas es ucnauri beri, rom roca maTi cxovrebis
gzebi gadaikveTeboda, erTmaneTs aucileblad SeuSlidnen xels. viRac zedmeti iqneboda am TamaSSi.
savaraudod TviTon xosrov-mirza, radgan igi sparsulad iyo mowamluli, nikifore ki qarTulad, maTi
sarbieli ki qarTuli areali iyo da ara sparsuli.
evropiulobam mxolod xibli SesZina nikifores
qarTulobas da sxva araferi.
bevri ram naxa cxovrebaSi jvris mamam, iseve
rogorc rostomma - iqneb ufro metic
smenia, ganucdia, unaxavs, ukeTebia.
yovelisferSi erTi TaviT maRla idga nikifore am cxra aTeul wels mitanebul berw mefeze.
- levani da nikifore! - xmamaRla warmoTqva
rostomma, - albaT erTmaneTisTvis gaCndnen am qveynad
da am saukuneSio. erTxans dafiqrda da bolos
Tavisi nafiqri Tavissave gasagonad Tqva:
- me bewvis xidzec mivlia, danis pirzec, oRroCoRro gzebzec, Secdoma arsad damiSvia, magram
aseT Sedegs, rogoric levanma miaRwia nikiforesTan
urTierTobiT, ver SevZeli, miuxedavad imisa, rom am
gzaze bevri Secdoma dauSves levanmac da nikiforemac rogorc cal-calke, ise erTad.
* * *
erTi ucnauroba moxda imereTsa da odiSs Soris
aleqsandre imerTa mefis Zmis - mamukas datyveve-
bis gamo. mefem levanTan Tavisi Svili bagrati
gagzavna mosalaparakeblad. molaparakebis nacvlad
bagrat ufliswuli sapatio mZevlad daitova odiSis
mTavarma. quTaisSi bagratis asaval-dasavali ara
icodnen da icnobdnen ra levan dadians, kargs
arras elodnen misgan. sasaxleSi gamoitires kidec
ufliswuli. dedofali sayvedurobda qmars:
- dartymis qveS rogor daayene Seni Svilio.
ubiri xalxi bagratis waxdenas me damabralebs,
rogorc dedinacvalsa da taxtis mosurneso. axlave
aRvikazmebi da omiT waval odiSze, raxan Sen amisi
Zala ar Segwevso.
amis momsmeni Teimurazi kaxi-batoni da mamai
nestan-darejanisa - dedoflisa imerT qveynisa, meyvseulad CaerTo saubarSi da Svils dacxroma urCia.
imxanad rostom xanisgan damarcxebuli Teimurazi
quTaTiss iyo Sexiznuli da uTxra maspinZels:
- levani Cemi mamidais-Svilia, me mis ficx bunebas kargad vicnob, mendeT, me waval molaparakebaze
dadianTan, begrat ufliswuls gamovixsni tyveobidan,
Tu cocxalia. ase rom, Cemo Svilo, levanTan Sebmas
ar girCev, daundobelia odiSis mTavari. Cemi didi
xaTri aqvs, Cems xelSi gamoizarda, dedaCemma aswavla
wera-kiTxva, mamaCemma nadiroba da omi. papaCems
mcire-mcire laSqrobebSi dahyavda. axla masTan
Cemi kacia - nikifore irbaxi. mas wigni gavugzavne
Tqvenda ukiTxavad, vTxove emeTvalyura, raTa levans
araferi moewia bagratisTvis. pasuxmac ar daayovna.
nikifore mwers, did gancxromaSi hyavs levans bagratio. iqamde, Tavisi qaliSvilis - Zilisanis colad
SerTva SesTavaza. bagrats gulSi Cavardnia qaliSvili. ramdenime dRe inadireben da bagrats imereTis sazRvramdis TviTonve moacilebso. Amas mwers
nikifore irbaxi. Tu gnebavs, siZev-batono, vewvevi
levans da mSvidobas gamovTxov imereTisTviso.
marTlac gaemgzavra Teimurazi levanTan. didad gaixares biZaSvil-mamidaSvilebma erTmaneTis
naxviT. isadiles, ivaxSmes, bagrati moayvanina levanma, raTa darwmunebuliyo Teimurazi nikifores
wignis marTebulobaSi.
- eWvic ar meparebodao, - uTxra Teimurazma.
- eh, Cemo Zmao, imereTSi cudi TvaliT miyureben da is ki ar ician, raodeni sikeTe msurs me
araTu imereTisTvis, aramed mTliani saqarTvelosTvis, amaSi bagratic davarwmuneo.
merme mamuka batoniSvilze Camougdo Teimurazma sityva, mis xsenebaze niri ecvala levans.
- rogor fiqrob, Sen rom tyved Saabasi Cagavrdnoda, ase iolad gauSvebdio?!
- kargi, Tu Zma xar, sad urjulo abasi da sad
erTi sisxlisa da xorcis xalxi, sarwmunoebiTac
qristiani.
- ar ici Sen misi azrebi, Torem Seni xeliT
Caaklavdi mas im dilegSi, sadaca myavs damwyvdeulio. aseTi xalxi, rom icode, Saabasze uaresebi
arian. saSualeba rom misce, dedabudianad gaaCanagebs
mTels odiSs. me da nikiforem saxelmwifos davamgvaneT es mxare. Sen karga xania Cvensas ar yofilxar
da bevri ram ar ici. modi da aRmarTe xeli am rudunebiT aSenebul qveyanaze, xelebs wagamtvrev ZirSi,
Senc ki. ris fasad damijda aseTi Zlieri odiSi,
aravin icis ra sisxlis fasad,
ra wyeva-krulvis fasad,
ra uZilo Rameebis fasad,
ra umadurobis fasad,
ra cbierebis fasad,
ra sasikvdilo xifaTebis fasad.
arc erT batoniSvils ar avarevineb aq mdgomareobas! Tu dagvcalda me da nikifores, erTiani droSis
qveS gavaerTianebT iverias. ai, myavs imerTa ufliswuli, davuSave rame? piriqiT, zavisa da mSvidobis
niSnad damoyvreba SevTavaze. meti ra unda meqnao?!
Cemsa da aleqsandres Soris mSvidoba rom ar Camovardes, am ymawvils qals mainc ar davukaveb, miTumetes TviTonac mowadinebulia saamisodo.
- ras iTxov mSvidobis sanacvlodo?
- naxevar imereTso, - mtkice da daufiqrebeli
pasuxi misca levanma.
- es rogoro?
- axla kargad damigde yurio, - dinjad daiwyo
levanma, - Sen es naTqvami, Tu ginda, axirebad CaTvale, magram es axireba araa. axla daakvirdi - bagrati
imereTis taxtis memkvidrea. me Cemi Svilebidan
ori Tavidanve Camomaciles, erTi kuti daibada da
dabadebidan maleve mokvda, erTic dambladacemuli.
damrCa Zilisani, romlis memkvidrec misi qmari
iqneba, anu bagrati, anu rac me omiT ver SevZeli
mTeli aTwleulebis manZilze, imas SevZlebT mSvidobiT, qorwinebiT. amisTvis naxevari saxelmwifos
gaReba ar Rirso?!
- eh, levan, levan, raRacas muxTlob, magram me
jer amas ver migixvdi.
- raxan ver mimixvdi, Teimuraz, ese igi ar
vmuxTlob, RmerTmani.
- yvelaferi es nikifores oinebia, ara?!
- Tundac, magram gamarTlebuli da marTebuli
CemTvisac da aleqsandresTvisac. Tu rostomic
mxars damiWers da amaSi Cemi dai mariami Semiwyobs
xels, qarTlis sanaxebSic gadavinacvlebT da merme
saqarTvelos gaerTianebas aRaraferi daakldeba.
- kaxeT-hereTi?
61
- ai, es daakldeba da imedia keTilgonierebas
gamoiCen, Teimuraz-Cemo.
- Sors midixar, levan, RmerTmani!
- Sors mivdivar, Sors!.. - kveri daukra levanmac.
... da marTlac Sors wavida!..
* * *
romis paps Txovda erTguli nikifores piriT:
- iqneb odiSSi abreSumisa da Salis damzadebis
ostatebi gamomigzavnoT, raTa Cems xalxs Zafis
darTvisa da qsovis Tqveneuli xeloba Sevaswavloo,
saamiso dazgebs me TviTon Sevisyidi da Cemive
saxsrebiT wamoviRebo. am mrewvelobis elCebs miwiT
saxlebiTa da msaxurebiT uzrunvelvyof.
nikifores saswavleblad aTeuli rCeuli bavSvi
gaayola. sanam wargzavnilebi maradi qalaqs CaaRwevdnen, papi urbani gardaicvala da yvela aqamomdis
miRweuli SeTanxmeba haerSi gamoekida. axali pontifikosi - inokenti saqarTvelos Soreul qveynad
Tvlida da ar iwuxebda masze zrunviT Tavs. mxolod
damyoli RimiliTa da zerele locva-kurTxeviT
cdilobda abezari stumrisgan Tavis daRwevas.
daaswo levans urban pontifikosis nacvlad yovelTa Semusvrili sikvdili dauxvda taxtze damjdari.
o, rogor ar cdilobda odiSis mTavari rogorme
ar gadayroda gzaze am uCinar mxedars, magram
saqme gafuWda. levanma amas cxadliv Sexeda:
ironia?! ufro metic...
abuCad agdeba kacTa Sesaqmisa. gonebaSi imanac
gauelva levans, rom nikifore sadrac Seyovnda da
amis gamo sikvdils saSualeba mieca damjdariyo
Tavis taztze, yalioni gaebolebina da buxridan
TeTri kvamli amoeSva niSnad imisa, rom cxovreba
vatikanSi grZeldeba.
- etyoba, daberda nikifore da veRar gaTvala
raRac, rac saukeTesod gamouvida sikvdilso, TavisTvis msjelobda odiSis mTavari ruxis cixis
rux darbazSi, TviTon rom Caabnelebina msaxurT
sagangebod.
axali Zalisxmeva iyo saWiro, axali Taobis
prelatebi rom Semoebrunebina iveriisken da marto
locva-kurTxeviT ar Semofargluliyvnen.
- eh, sikvdilo, sikvdilo! - amoioxra levanma
da sikvdiliviT manac gaabola yalioni, oRond ruxi
feris kvamli amouSva piridan niSnad imisa rom
odiSSi cxovreba da simSvide mTavrdeba.
gaabola da gascqeroda ruxis cixis bastionidan
enguris xeobas.
gascqeroda da gaaxsenda kidev ufro adre rogor
daaswro mas sikvdilma da sayvareli coli nestandarejani waarTva. aqac cota daaklda levans ma-
62
Sinac, haqimebi moiyvana masTan, magram fexad daaswro sikvdilma da aqac dajda Tavis taxtrevanze
igi mTelis Tavisi didebulebiT. arada, mTels odiSs
ukvirda, da ara marto odiSs, ratom uyvarda es
aSari dedakaci ase gagiJebiT levans. vinc ki icnobda
WilaZis qals, ambobdnen:
- jadoqaria da viris tvini aWama, Tan raRac
momwamvleli eleqsirebi daurToo.
daemxo levani jer argaciebuli colis cxedars
da gulamoskvnilma daitira igi.
mxolod am suraTis mayurebelni mixvdnen, raoden
gamoucnobia siyvarulis Zala. veraviTari viris
tvini da eleqsirebi ver ganawyobdnen kacs amgvaris
ZaliT. ase siyvaruli mxolod saRi cnobierebiT
Tu moxerxdeboda mxolod. merme iglova da sikvdilis jibrze mTels samTavroSi daagzavna brZanebebi
eklesia-monastrebisTvis nestan-darejan dedofali
cocxlad moexsenebinaT meuRlesTan erTad da am
brZanebis piruTvnelad Sesruleba daavala isev da
isev jvris mamas. xani rom gamoxda hkiTxa levanma
nikifores:
- rogor asrulebs samRvdeloeba Cems brZanebaso?
- ra giTxra, mowyaleo xelmwifeo leon, yvela
eklesiaSi aResruleba dedofal nestan-darejanis
sajanmrTelo paraklisi da Jamis wirvebze xelmwife
leonTan erTad diliTac moixsenieba rogorc cocxali.
- kargad gicnob, nikifore, me Sen, am naTqvamSi
an raRacas malav, an raRaciT ukmayofilo xar.
- sworad SeginiSnavs, leon batono, ra mogaxseno da, ukmayofilo ki var.
- riT xar ukmayofilo, Rirso mamao? - aseTi
locvebi dedofals ar waadgeba, es mxolod Sens
suls amSvidebs. damSvidebuli leon dadiani ki
Cems gagebaSi mxolod mkvdaria.
- maSin Sen TviTon aRavline Cemi da Cemi colis
sajanmrTelo locva da mermeT paraklisi gadauxade
nestan-darejansao. amiT sikvdils davamarcxebo.
- rogorc mibrZaneb, ise moviqcevi, magram es
icode, rom sikvdils mxolod qriste amarcxebs an
qristeTi gajerebuli kaci.
- hoda, iloce CemTvis qristeTi rom gavjerde.
da nikiforem daiwyo locva:
`mermeca gevedrebi keTilmorwmunisa da RvTivdaculisa xelmwifisa da didisa Tavadisa odiSisa
leonisa da mxevlisa misisa dioflisa nestan-darejanisa, simtkicisa, Zlevisa, mSvidobisa, janmrTelobisa da cxovnebisaTvis, mitevebisa codvaTa maTTvis, raTa ufali RmerTi Cueni, umetesad Seewios
da waremarTos maT yovelsa Sina da daumorCilnes
queSe ferxTa maTTa yovelni mterni da mbrZolni,
miec maT dawynarebuli cxoreba da Cuenca maTTan
erTad vcxovrobdeT.
- amin! - daadastura locva levanma, pirjvari
gadaisaxa, jvars emTxvia da moemzada TanamecxedrisaTvis `sulTaTanas” aRvlenis mosasmenad. nikiforemac mSvidad aRavlina dedoflis panaSvidi. am panaSvidis Semdeg yvela eklesiisTvis moxsna is uxerxuli davaleba, riTac odiSis mTavari avaldebulebda
mRvdelTmsaxurT micvalebuli moexsenebinaT rogorc cocxali.
erT-erTi panaSvidis dros levanma TvalnaTliv
dainaxa sikvdili, rogor ijda Tavis taxtrevanze,
uyurebda levans da gulianad ecineboda, radgan
sikvdils ar uyvars iseTi adamianebi, romelbic mas
angariSs ar uweven da TavkerZani arian. amaT dasasjelad da Wkuis saswavleblad hadesis ufliswuli
yvelafers akeTebs cinizmis mTeli gamovlinebiT.
isinic, visTvisac keTdeba es, kargad xedaven da
grZnoben amas. levanmac Sexeda maSin sikvdils da
SurisZieba gadawyvita, magram rogor, es ar icoda.
sanam sikvdilze fiqrobda, ZilSi isev misi xarxari Semoesma. uceb wamoxta, ara SeSinebuli, aramed
gaognebuli. Sua Rame iyo. saZineblidan darbazSi
gavida, ifiqra:
- aqedan xom ar Semomesma es araadamianuri sicilio?
ukan gabruneba daapira, av sizmrebs miabrala
yvelaferi, gverdze samjer gadaafurTxa da miaZaxa
samgzis:
- fui eSmakso! - da pirjvari gadaisaxa.
Sebruneba ver moaswro, rom isev is sicili Semoesma. adgilze gaxevda levani, odnavi SiSi Seepara sxeulSi, magram gons moego, ar ekadreboda mas
- odiSis mZleTa mZle mTavars, levans raRac ucnaur
sicilze SeSineba.
- viRac mTvrali guSagi iqneba, gza rom abnevia
da Tavi veRar aaqvs xelSi.
darbazidan gavida. iq sruli siCume iyo.
Cavida kibeebze. iq Ramis guSagi marTlac idga
da darajobda sasaxlis simSvides.
- axla Sen gaicineo? - hkiTxa iWvneulad levanma.
- rasa brZaneb, mefev-batono, sicils rogor
gavbedavo, Tanac RamiT, Tanac marto, sasaxles xom
Zinavs...
- ara, ara... - gaifiqra levanma, - es kaci nasvami
ar Cans, sakuTari Tavi rom ver aiyvanos xelSi.
arc Wkua-Semcdarsa hgavs, ise saRad mi pasuxa.
- axla Sen sicili ar gagigonia?
- ras brZanebT, levan batono, sasaxleSi sruli
siCumea. daZinebiTac ar damZinebia, raime rom gamomparvoda. guSin saRamos Semdeg vfxizlob, Cemo xel-
mwifev.
es Tqva Tu ara guSagma, isev Semoesma levans
is araadaminauri sicili. xma dilegidan modioda.
- arc axla gagigia rameo?
guSagi uxerxulobisgan SeiSmuSna.
- kargi, kargi wamomyevio, - ubrZana da dilegisken
miuTiTa.
guSagma iqve dakidebuli CiraRdani Camoxsna
da gza gainaTa. cota xanSi siCume mxolod dilegis
rkinis karis Wrialma daarRvia. kidev erTxel Semoesma levans xarxaris xma.
- axla, axlao? - hkiTxa Tanmxlebs.
- arc axlao... - uxerxulad SehRima saxeSi
guSagma.
es SeRimeba aRizianebda dadians.
- damidasture mainco! - gaRizianeba kiloSic
daetyo, - Tundac momatyue, magram damidasture!
amis Tqma moaswro da isev Semoesma sicili.
Tavis mkveTri moZraobiT da misken uceb SemoxedviT
mixvda guSagi da uTxra gauxedavad.
- ki, axla Semomesmao.
ise ucabedad Tqva, rom levans gaeRima da uTxra:
- araferic ar gsmenia... da Tu tyuils ityvi,
ise mainc Tqvi, vinme rom daajeroo.
mere xmas gahyva da mamuka ufliswulis sakanTan
miiyvana sicilma. saswrafod gaaRebina guSags kari.
TviTon SeanaTa CiraRdani dilegSi da tusaRi mkvdari
aRmoaCina. kuTxeSi ki daliWze sikvdili isvenebda.
- Cemi xeliT migaRrCobo! - mivarda levani sikvdilTan, magram sikvdils mxolod gaecina.
es iyo da es.
sul bolos ki sikvdilma ukanaskneli Svilic
moukla da sakuTari Tavi daanaxa kidev erTxel.
gamwarda levani. aRaraferi SearCina arsTa ganmrigem mrisxane mTavars.
yvelaferi xelidan ecleboda. Zlivs Sekowiwebuli odiSi upatronod da umemkvidreod rCeboda.
sikvdili ki sul ufro da ufro gamaRizianeblad eTamaSeboda mas.
ra undoda, ar icoda,
arc TviTon mas, arc sikvdils.
raRac auxsneli xdeboda mis garSemo. yovelTvis
erTi wuTiT agvianebda levani, samagieod fexad
aswrebda mas sikvdili. erTxel isic ifiqra:
- davumegobrdebi da iqneb amiT mainc damanebos
Tavio.
ar gamovida, swored am fiqrisas gadmolaxes
kelasuris kedeli afsuebma da rbeva dauwyes odiSs.
mswrafl amxedrda levani da zogi moTareSe amowyvita, zogic ki gadareka odiSis sazRvariTgan... da
ise gadareka, rom karga xani dasWirdebodaT gadar-
63
Cenilebs, survili rom mosvlodaT odiSze xelaxali galaSqrebis. maSinac sikvdilma Seaxsena Tavi,
levanma ki ver moaswro misTvis eTqva:
- davmegobrdeTo, - ise gaqanda momxvdurTa dasaxvedrad.
aqac erTi wuTi da erTi nabiji daaklda.
axla?
axla aRaraferi darCa - aRarc nabiji da aRarc
qveynierebis dasasrulamdis savali.
yvelaferi damTavrda.
sikvdilsac es undoda da kmayofilma uTxra
levans: - axla ukve Cemi wasvlis droao, - Tqva,
xelebi daiferTxa da wasvla daapira.
levanma SeaCera:
- moicao!
sikvdili Semobrunda.
- ra gindao? - hkiTxa.
- ase iolad Tavs ver daaRwev Cemgano.
gaeRima sikvdils. xeli Caiqnia da kedlisken
gabrunda gasauCinareblad. am dros levanma iqve
dadebul laxts daavlo xeli da simwrisgan mTelis ZaliT TavSi ixeTqa.
sikvdili gaSeSda.
igrZno, rom levanma Tavi moikla, TumcaRa igi
jer kidev fexze idga da gaxeTqili Tavidan tvinis
naglejebi da sisxli mimofantuliyo oTaxSi.
es levanis sikvdili iyo da levanma amiT Tavisi
sikvdili mokla.
marTlac Sors wavida levani amjerad mousavleTSi.
misi ukanaskneli sityvebi iyo:
- yvelaferi oxrad damrCao, - Tqva da usulod
daemxo Svilis cxedars.
- meco, - daudastura sikvdilma da ukvalod
gaqra.
mswrafl moedo levanis sikvdili mTels qveyanas.
viRac glovobda da gaiZaxoda:
- ra gveSvelebao!
viRacas gauxarda da SvebiT amoisunTqa:
- gveSvelao!
levanis sikvdilis ambavi imave saRamos Camovida
quTaTisis sasaxlemdis. mixrwnilobaSi myofi aleqsandre gancvifrda, raRac didi lodi mowyda gulidan. man didi metoqe dakarga, riTac imerTa mefe
sicocxles ixangrZlivebda. ar egona aleqsandre
mefes levans Tu miekareboda sikvdili. sul ambobda:
- sikvdils levanisi eSinia, daaSina dadianma
igi, da mitomo.
imave saRamos gaudga zugdidisken gzas, Tan
jari iaxla, raTa daerbia Tavisi mtris bunagi.
levanis sicocxleSi rac ver moaxerxa, misi sicoc-
64
xlis mere mainc SesZlo fexi daedga odiSis mamulze
Tavisuflad, ise, rom sadRac Cirgvebidan mzakvrulad
ar wamoepareba levan dadiani. ra Tqma unda, eSinoda
iskander-xans, rogorc mas osmaleTSi uwodebdnen.
eSinoda imisa, rom levanis sikvdilis ambavi satyuara
ar yofiliyo Tavad dadianis mier mofiqrebuli.
misgan yvelaferi iyo mosalodneli. magram odiSis
siRrmeSi rom Sevidnen da soflebis rbevas aravin
gamoqomagebia, mere mixvda, rom levani marTlac mkvdari iyo. ase mimoarbia damwuxrebuli odiSi aleqsandre imerTa mefem da rogorc ki zugdidis sadadiano sasaxleSi Sevida, mokrZalebiT moixada qudi
da Rirseuli mowinaaRmdegis cxedars samefo pativi
miago. dakrZalvac mefuri gadauxada levan dadians.
yvelaferi airia odiSSi levanis Semdeg. misi
xelmonakidebic ki saeWvo xdeboda axali mTavrisTvis. yvelgan SeTqmuleba elandeboda vameys. ase
ambobda:
- meore levanis landi ar masvenebs am sasaxleSi,
unda davangrio zugdidi da Tavidan avaSenoo.
isev `meore”, da ara `pirveli”, an `erTaderTi”.
am axirebas mswrafl Seasrulebda, rom ara jvris mamis gafrTxileba:
- xalxs gadaimtereb vamey-batonoo.
- es vin ariso! - daiRriala gacecxlebulma da
karis-kacs ubrZana, SeTqmuli nikifore mRvdeli
dilegSi gamoemwyvdia.
SeSinda karis-kaci.
- es rogor vqnao?
brZanebis SeusruleblobisTvis sakuTari xeliT
waacala Tavi karis-kacs. mere TviTon waavlo xeli
qeCoSi da Tavad Caamwyvdia bnel dilegSi sagangebod
yaraulebi miuCina.
- uTvalTvaleT, naxeT, ras izams es ucnauri
moxucio.
bnelSi Camwyvdeulma gaixsena Tavisi patronebi
leoni da Teimurazi. inana kidec:
- rad ar davujere Teimuraz mefes da Tan ar
gavyevi ruseTso. aki miTxra, levanis Semdeg aq Sen
aRar dagedgomeba da CemTan wamodi, damexmare rusebTan molaparakebaSi.
isic inana nikiforem Teimurazs rom upasuxa
da amiT gaanawyena Tavisi yofili patroni.
- Sen Tu ruseTSic mimatoveb da merme ra vqna
me im wyeul da civ qveyanaSio.
araferi upasuxa Teimurazma, ar ganawyenebula,
mxolod wavida moskovs daxmarebis imedad.
ixsenebda evropas prelatebsa da mefeebs,
grafebsa da kardinalebs.
- ra cxovrebagamovlilma sad amovyavi Tavi da
sad vamTavreb cxovrebaso?! - esec inana.
rusTvelis freska dalanda im sibneleSi.
erT saRamos, saqme rom ara hqonda ra, vameyma
ikiTxa: - rasa iqms is damTxveuli moxucio?
- araferso, - miuges, - zis TavisTvis da sakuTar
Tavs sxvadasxva enaze elaparakebao.
- qarTulad ar elaparakebao? - yurebi cqvita
vameyma.
- SeiZleba elaparakeba, magram maSin, roca Cven
ar vusmenT.
- hoda, ganuwyvetliv usmineT. hkiTxeT, ra unda,
ras iTxovso.
ramdenime xnis Semdeg dabrundnen vameyTan cixianni da moaxsenes:
- jvris mama galileis Wogrits iTxovso.
- rogor Tu Wogrits da rogor Tu galileiso?
sadac gindaT, eZebeT, i poveT da miutaneT, gavigoT,
erTi, ra aris es galileis Wogritio.
marTlac eZebes, eZebes da i poves mxolod erTi
gragnili italiur enaze Sedgenili. miiwvies misionerebi da gadaaTargmnines. Turme es romSi Catarebuli kongresis sxdomebis Sedegad gacemuli sinamdvilis mowmoba iyo, romliTac romis wmida eklesia nikifore irbaxs cnobda iverTa mefis Teimurazis
elCad da Suamdgomlobda espaneTis mefesTan pontifikosis saxeliT, raTa monarqs yovelgvari daxmareba gaewia qarTvelTa samefos elCisTvis.
- es gasagebia, magram galileis Wogriti?
hoda, am Wogritis ZiebaSi kidec miicvala dilegSi gamomwyvdeuli megrelTa jvris mama. yuris
mgdeblebma vameys aseTi ambavi moaxsenes:
- vamey-batono, Sen rom dagvabare, uyuradeT
jvris mamas qarTulad Tu ityvis ramesao, mogaxseneb:
nikiforem erTaderTxel Tqva qarTuli sityvebi
da isic sikvdilis wino.
- rao, ra Tqvao? - daekarga moTmineba vameys.
- ase Tqva: me davbrundebi am abrundul saukuneSio.
- marTla? - miamiturad ikiTxa vamey-mTavarma da
ubralod gaecina.
* * *
hoda, levanisa da yvelafris Semdeg aleqsandre imerTa mefis xeldasxmiT odiSSi gadadianda
vamey li partiani. amiT gaanawyena odiSis mTavris
taxtis dasakuTrebisTvis mebrZoli levanis Zmiswuli liparit ieses Ze. vameyiT ukmayofiloni liparitis garSemo dairazmen da imereTis mefes omi gamoucxades. bunebrivia, vameyma daxmarebisTvis aleqsandres mimarTa. manac swrafad Sekriba laSqari da
li paritsa da mis momxreebs daeria banZasTan. amis
Semdeg aleqsandres did xans aRar ucocxlia. moas-
wro ra guriaSic Tavisi kacis - demetre simonisZis
gagurieleba, li partTan erTad levanis mier gurielad dasmuli qaixosros damarcxebis Semdeg, suli
ganuteva.
marTalia, qaixosro osmalos wyalobiT mainc
dabrunda gurielad, magram imerTa mefis mier mosyiduli maWutaZis wyalobiT daacxres samaradJamod
qaixosro - dasvenebis dros misda moulodnelad
ganisvena. am dasveneba-gansvenebisTvis maWutaZes Tavadoba uwyaloba TviTon gansvenebisTvis gamzadebulma
aleqsandrem.
erTis sityviT, yvelaferi airia levanis sikvdilis Semdeg. daiwyo sikvdilTa mTeli wyeba:
tfiliss gardaicvala cxra aTeul wels gadacilebuli rostom xani. bevri ijavra rostomma oriod
wlis win rom kaxeTi CamoarTves. siberec Tavisas
Svreboda da maleve gardaicvala. bedis dacinva am
sikvdilSi is iyo, rom misi cxedrisTvis saqarTveloSi ar moiZebna adgili da misi anderZisamebr dakrZales sparseTSi, qalaq yumSi, Sah abas I-is gansasveneblis gverdiT.
memkvidred Tavdapirvelad imerTa mefis giorgis
vaJi mamuka hyavda dasaxelebuli, magram levani
rom gajiqda da ar gaaTavisufla tyveobidan mamuka,
rostomma muxranbatonTa saxlSi daiwyo Svilobilis
Zebna. sabolood vaxtangze SeaCera Tavisi arCevani
da swored igi avida mamobilis taxtze vaxtang
V-is, igive Sahnavazis saxeliT.
Sahnavazic maleve CaerTo qarTul Sida samzareuloSi: dasavleT saqarTveloSi yvelaferi airia
levanisa da aleqsandres sikvdilis Semdeg. TviT
aleqsandres sicocxleSic imereTs misi coli nestan-darejani ganagebda - zurab aragvis erisTavis
naqvrivali. bagrat ufliswuls ar Seargo mefoba
dedinacvalma, Tavdapirvelad mas colad mihgvara
Teimuraz kaxT-batonis SviliSvili da Tavisi Zmis
Svili, Semdeg ki sulac daabrmava da taxti CamoarTva. nestan-darejani colad imereTis bagrationTa
gare warmomadgenels vinme vaxtang WuWunaiSvils
gahyva da imereTis mefedac igi gamoacxada. imerelma
didgvarovnebma aqeT vamey dadianTan afrines kaci,
iqiT Sahnavazsa da axalcixis faSas sTxoves daxmareba. Sahnavazsac da vameysac swored es undodaT.
erTi dasavleTidan, meore ki aRmosavleTidan SeiWrnen
imereTSi da taxtis mimtaceblebi Sei pyres. WuWunaiSvili daabneles da aslan axalcixis faSam Tan
waiyvana, nestan-darejani ki Tavad-aznaurebs SemoakvdaT xelSi. vameyma isargebla SemTxveviT da Tavi
imereTis mefed gamoacxada. qarTlsa da odiS-imereTis samefos Soris sazRvarad mdinare bujiswyali
dadves. merme Sahnavazs ar moewona vameyis gamefe-
65
ba da odiSze gailaSqra. dadiani ojaxianad gadaixvewa. qarTlis laSqari mtkiced idga levanis mier
agebul yvela qviTkirian qalaqSi. Sahnavazma levanis
Zmiswuli Samadavle levan III-is saxeliT gaadadiana,
vameyi ki svaneTSi moakvdines, misi ojaxi ki mZevlad
Caigdo xelT erTguli mstovrebis wyalobiT.
da kidev:
jer Zmazed, mermeT qmarzed damwuxrebul mariam
dedofals, romlisTvisac rostom mefis sikvdili
ukve meore daqvriveba iyo, xeli TviT Saabas meorem
Txova. dedofals mtkiced hqonda gadawyvetili
uari eTqva urjulosTvis da Tanac qristianuli
wesi ar aZlevda amis uflebas. bolos moifiqra:
nawnavebi SeiWra da abass gaugzavna, araferi
SeuTvala, ise. daxeda Tu ara mTlad gaWaRaravebul
nawnavebad dawnul Tmebs, mixvda dedoflis SemonaTvali. bevri ki smenoda mis silamazeze, RvTismosaobaze, kdemamosilebaze, gonierebaze, yvelafris
miuxedavad moxuci coli ar surda. amitom brZana,
colad gahyoloda qarTlSi misi gansvenebuli qmris
memkvidres Sahnavazs. Sahis rayamis mixedviT am
qmedebiT mariami qarTlis dedoflobas SeinarCunebda
sikvdilamde.
- amisTvisac madlobao, - Cailaparaka TavisTvis
mariam dedofalma da mesame saqorwilo mzadebas
Seudga. dabolos: am svegamwyral Teimurazsac daadga
rogorc iqna saSveli da mainc i pova Tavisi saboloo
navsayudari.
rom daebeda sxvis kardakar wowiali, arc sibereSi moklebia es `siamovneba”. levanis sikvdilma
mas quTaTisSi mouswro. erTxans rostom xanisgan
gawbilebuli imereTs afarebda Tavs, odiSSi ar
Cavida, radgan levani rostomis mokavSired eguleboda. ijda quTaTisSi, majamur leqsebsa Txzavda da uqimerionis sasaxles aivniTgan gadascqeroda rionis Sxuils.
uceb bagratis taZris zarebis rekva Semoesma.
es iseTi dro iyo, roca taZrebSi dasrulebulia
RvTismsaxureba. Gaifiqra:
- mteri xom ar moadga quTaTisis cixesao.
am dros masTan miiWra gaxarebuli maspinZeli
da miaxara levanis sikvdili.
Teimurazis Tvalwin gadairbina levanis cecxlovanma da mousvenarma bavSvobam, maTi bednieri dReebi TavianTi papis aleqsandres karze. yvelaferi
warmoudga Tvalwin, rac guls dawyvetda devnil
mefes. swored levanis dakrZalvis dRes mas idumal daukavSirdnen kaxeTiTgan uCumrad gadmosuli biZina ColoyaSvili da Zmebi qsnis erisTavebi.
kaxeTi axsenes da dakrZalvidan meore dRes daTqves ajameTis tyis piras Sexvedra.
66
Teimurazma mousmina Salva da elizbar erisTaveebs, Tu ra xdeboda kaxeTSi. bolos biZinam
sTxova, emeTaura mefes am ajanyebisTvis, Tanac daamata, eSuamdgomla imerTa mefesTan, maSveli jariT daxmareboda. guls garedan moismina Teimurazma mgznebare qarTvelTa saubrebi.
- meTaurobaze ra mogaxsenoT da aleqsandre
mefesTan giSuamdgomlebTo.
uSuamdgomla, magram ise uSuamdgomla, rom imerTa mefe mixvda Teimurazis zerele damokidebulebas
da manac erT yurSi SeuSva naTxovni, meoredan ki
gauSva. Teimurazs xom moskovs eCqareboda.
sakuTar Tavs uelCa da vidremde rusTa xelmwife moskovis `aruJeinaia palataSi” miiRebda taxtwarTmeul kaxT-batons,
fSav-xevsur-mTiulni da adgilobrivi kaxelebi
Tavs daesxnen baxtrionSi Tavmoyril yizilbaSebs da musri gaavles mters.
baxtrionidan miadgnen alaverdis cixes da iq
uaresi dRe ayares gadamTielebs. Tavi ise gamoiCines
zezvai gafrindaulma,
nadira xoSaraulma da gogolaurma,
rom maTTvis matianeebSi adgili ar aRmoCnda
da mxolod zepirsityvierebam Semoinaxa maTi saxelebi da sagmiro saqmeni.
qarTvelebi ki am dros erTmaneTSi imereTsa da
odiSs ver iyofdnen. saamisod ki sakmao adgili
iyo matianeSi.
ase, Tu ise - Teimurazi gawbilebuli dabrunda
saqarTveloSi; - da meramdened.
iqeT daqvrivda,
aqeT berad aRikveca.
`daSTa cixesa Sina skandas friad upovari.~
egona, amiT amoiwureboda misi amqveyniuri xetiali, magram Sahnavazis imereTSi laSqrobisas mefeyofili beri qarTlis mefes tyved Cauvarda. manac
Sahis brZanebiT datyvevebuli moxuci sparseTs
gahgzavna. erTis sityviT, astrabadSi CasvlisTanave es martvili mefec gardaicvala. mas verc rwmena
Seacvlevines da verc sparseTis siZulvili. giaurma
sparseTis miwa ar indomao.
- hoda, mivceT gurjebs da rac undaT, is uqniaT
TavianT mefesao.
da gadaces Teimurazis gvami qarTvelebs. igi
kaxeTs Camoasvenes da alaverdSi dakrZales.
am abrundebian saukuneSi ,,dabadebula sulxansaba-orbeliani qarTulis qoronikons tmv (1658),
oktonbers kd (24), rom laTinurad oTxi noenberi
iqneba `dResa kviriakesa, Jamsa SuaRamisasa.~
dasawyisi `mamuli~ N13,
gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi
67
68
2
Jurnalis am nomers patara
lazare SalutaSvili
Cuqnis qarTvel emigrantebs
5
vin aris populistebi
romlebic imarjveben?
9
vin aris is xalxi
vinc trampi airCia?
13
pirveli qali
parlamentarebi
14
iluzioni kabadonebSi
`vestsaiduri ambavi~
18
pavle ingoroyva
daviwyebuli madloba
21
vin mokla
mixa xelaSvili?
25
werili
RmerTs
26
nanuli cxvedianis
anarekli sarkedan
35
romani JurnalSi
manuCar kaWaxiZis `saba~
3
TbilisSi, taqsiT mgzavrobisas dausrulebeli sacobi
Segxvda... meCqareboda da gavifiqre, ox, neta gadamafrinameTqi, magram ras warmovidgendi mZRoli Tu mgzavrebis
fiqrebs kiTxulobda. sapirispiro xazSi gadavediT, mivapobdiT da daubrkoleblad vlaxavdiT kilometrebs, vuvlidiT
gverds sacobSi asobiT patiosnad mdgar manqanas.
wamoviwie mZRolisken, rom meTqva, uxerxulia, iqneb
sxvasac unda gafrena da modi, axla sxvisi jeri iyos-Tqo,
rom Semxvedri manqanac gamoCnda.
moulodnelobiT SeSinebulma mZRolma Zlivs agviara
gverdi da xeliT aniSna Cvens taqss, „ras akeTeebo~. Cvenma
mZRolma „mamakacuri~, gawelili xmiT Cailaparaka „ra
xelebs miqnev, biWoo~ da ucvlelad ganagrZo gza..
da ai, maSin mivxvdi mTavars..
namdvili qarTvelobis xibli swored „prowivze~ siarulSia. am dros Cans mTeli Cveni erovnuli simdidre: qarTveli kacis moxerxebuloba, siTamame, Rirseba, Tavmomwoneoba, uSiSroba, gmiroba....
zolidan zolSi gadava-gadmova, gauswrebs-gamouswrebs,
trotuarze ava, Tu amanac ar gaamarTla, sapirispiro zolSi gadava da aCvenebs klass sacobSi morCilad mdgar manqanebs. „prowivze~ mimavali sakuTar gzaze momaval manqanas
ar SeuSindeba da gzasac daaTmobinebs.
Tu vinme ukmayofilo saxiT, xelebis qneviT SebRalavs
mis Rirsebas, manqanidan gadmoiyvanas da yvelas dasanaxad
auxsnis, rom „prowivze~ saTamaSod ar aris gadmosuli...
mis gazCayenebul „biemdablius~ Tqven ar iciT ra SeuZlia. xoda, „prowivze~ gasuli magasac dagimtkicebT...
220-240-iT mimavalma icis, rom SeiZleba ar gaumarTlos,
magram is mainc icis, rom winaprebis msgavsad, gmirulad
da daiRupeba. ase urCevnia sacobSi morCilad dgomas.
da ase yoveldRe vkargavT qarTvel gmirebs.
mouTmenlobisTvis, usargeblo uSiSrobisTvis, sasacilo
simamacisTvis, kreditiT nayidi manqaniT Tavis mowonebisTvis,
kai ti pobisTvis...
da ase yoveldRe:
magistrali...
mere sacobi magistralze..
mere ZarRvebSi mowolili qarTveloba..
mere... 200..
mere 240
da mere....
sxvi Svili... sxvisi deda... sxvisi Zma...
sxvisi erTaderTi naTesavi...
sxvisi saukeTeso megobari...
...sxvisi sakuTar qorwilSi mimavali coli...
sxvisi jer ar dabadebuli Svili...
da ase yoveldRe...
Zvirfaso gmirebo, Cven ar gvinda gmiruli sikvdili...
mSoblebTan yofna gvirCevnia...
jer Svilebi gvyavs gasazrdeli...
umcros Zmas kalaTburTis TamaSis swavlas SevpirdiT...
patarZlebi axal cxovrebas viwyebT da...
gmirobisTvis ar gvcalia...
male mamebi gavxdebiT da... modi, gmiroba mere iyos...
skolas vamTavrebT, profesia gvaqvs asarCevi...
jer mucelSi varT, arc ki davbadebulvarT da gmiroba
ar viciT ra aris...
xoda, #iarenela Cveni sicocxlisTvis!!!
4
SemecnebiT-sazogadoebrivi
Jurnali amerikaSi
`14(82)
marti,
2017
manuCar kaWaxiZe
EDITOR&PUBLISHER MANUCHAR KATCHAKHIDZE
mTavari redaqtori
garekanze:
`es gza taZramde midis?~
kemos ilustracia.
Cveni partnioria:
asaval-dasavali
mogvwereT: PO Box 13121, Jersey City, NJ 07303
tel.: 1-347-724-0770; Tbilisidan: 2-420-320
elfosta: mamuliusa@gmail.com; www.mamuli.com
Jurnali akrebilia, dakabadonebulia,
dabeWdilia da akinZulia SeerTebul
StatebSi da am nomris gamocemis dros
warmoadgens erTaderT emigrantul,
qarTul gamocemas a.S.S.-Si.
giorgi cxadaia
blogeri
dRes dasavleTSi populistebi
xalxs arwmuneben, rom yvelafris Tavi
da Tavi eri-saxelmwifos dasustebaSi
unda veZeboT. sinamdvileSi ki eri-saxelmwifos dasusteba mxolod problemis simptomia. Tavad problemis arsi
ki globaluri kapitalizmis mowyobaSia saZebneli. am problemis gadaWras
upirveles yovlisa nacionalisturi
SiSebisa da agresiis gverdze gadadeba
da civi gonebiT moqmedeba sWirdeba.
Tanamedrove demokratiul samyaroSi
erTgvari kataklizmuri periodi daiwyo. aSS-Si 2017 wlis 20 ianvars konservatori populisti miliarderi donald trampi qveynis 45-e prezidenti
gaxda. evropaSi konservatoruli populisturi moZraobebi TiTqmis yvela
qveyanaSi aRmavlobis gzaze arian. maT
ukve moaxerxes britaneTis referendumSi gamarjveba, ris gamoc gaerTianebuli
samefo datovebs evrokavSirs. maT lamis gaimarjves avstriis saprezidento arCevnebSi, sadac erTmaneTs upirispirdebodnen damoukidebeli kandidati aleqsander van der beleni (mwvaneTa partiis wevri) da populisturi
„avstriis Tavisuflebis partiis~ kandidati norbert hoferi. hoferi gavida arCevnebis meore turSi, sadac xmebis
46.2 % moagrova da damarcxda. am
damarcxebis miuxedavad, mis mier miRweuli Sedegi mainc STambeWdavia, radgan
vin arian
romlebic
populistebi,
imarjveben
da ra undaT?
gamodis, rom qveynis naxevarze cota
naklebma misca xma.
analogiuri procesebi mimdinareobs
safrangeTSi. populisti marin le peni
udidesi albaTobiT gadava respublikel fransua fiionTan erTad 2017
wlis 23 aprilis saprezidento arCevnebis meore turSi, sadac ukve Zneli
saTqmelia, romeli gaimarjvebs. italiaSi centristuli populisturi moZraoba, yofili komikosis bepe grilos
xelmZRvanelobiT, erovnuli donis ar-
Cevnebze ukve agrovebs xmebis 20 %-ze
mets. italiis 4 dekembris sakonstitucio referendumSi memarcxene centristuli partiis winadadebis damarcxebis Semdeg, am moZraobas gaZlierebis meti SesaZlebloba aqvs.
jerjerobiT konservatoruli populizmis yovlismomcveli talRa ar
Sexebia germanias (germaniis mTavari
populisturi partia „alternativa germaniisTvis~ jer kidev Sors aris
gamarjvebisgan), magram Tu evrokavSi-
5
ris wamyvan qveynebSi populistebma gaimarjves, es aucileblad moaxdens gavlenas germaniis Sida politikazec.
am yvelafris fonze SeiZleba gaCndes kiTxva, Tu vin arian es populistebi, romlebic imarjveben da ra undaT.
pirvel rigSi daviwyeb imis ganmartebiT, Tu ras vgulisxmob termin
„populizmSi~. „populizmi~ am statiaSi aRniSnavs iseTi popularuli mowodebebiT gamosvlas, romlebsac zurgs
ar umagrebs movlenebis realisturi
Sefaseba da ar aris orientirebuli
problemebis racionaluri gadaWris
gzaze. populistebi, rogorc wesi, aseve
iyeneben mosaxleobis garkveuli nawilis SiSebs gansxvavebuli eTnikuri,
religiuri da sxva saxis umciresobebis mimarT, imisaTvis, rom adamianis
uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi SezRudon.
am statiaSi vecdebi populistebis
ekonomikuri dapirebebi da programebi
ganvixilo. maT mier kulturuli izolacionizmis qadagebis analizs ki momavlisTvis gadavdeb.
Tanamedrove dasavluri populizmis
gasagebad trampis magaliTs aviReb.
trampi SesaniSnavad gamoxatavs Tanamedrove konservatoruli populizmis
arss:
1. is ewinaaRmdegeba imigracias, rasac zogjer ekonomikuri mizeziT amarTlebs (mag. ambobs, rom imigrantebi adgilobriv mosaxleobas samuSao adgilebs
arTmeven), zogjer - rasistuli da
Sovinisturi argumentebiT (mag. moiTxovs imas, rom muslimebs aekrZaloT
aSS-Si Sesvla, an amtkicebs, rom eTnikurad meqsikeli adamiani ver iqneba samarTliani mosamarTle da a.S.);
2. trampi ewinaaRmdegeba globalizacias, radgan miiCnevs, rom globalizacia arTmevs amerikel muSebs samuSao
adgilebs;
3. globalizaciis winaaRmdeg igi
apirebs proteqcionistuli zomebis
gatarebas (tarifebisa da kvotebis dawesebas importze, aseve im amerikuli
kompaniebis dasjas, romlebic sxva qveynebSi gadaitanen warmoebas);
4. trampis sagadasaxado politika
arc memarjvenea da arc memarcxene. is
apirebs gadasaxadebis Semcirebas faqtobrivad yvelasTvis, maT Soris yvelaze metad - mdidrebisTvis, magram amave
dros, ar gegmavs saxelmwifo xarjebis
Semcirebas, rasac aucileblad mohyveba sagareo valis zrda. (memarjveneebi,
rogorc wesi, gadasaxadebis SemcirebasTan erTad saxelmwifo xarjebsac amcireben, radgan sagareo valis winaaRmdeg
6
gamodian; memarcxeneebi, rogorc wesi,
maRali progresuli gadasaxadebis da
yovlismomcveli saxelmwifo socialuri programebis momxreebi arian.)
trampis bolo winadadeba rom populisturia, amaze didxans aRar SevCerdebi (wesiT, isedac cxadia, rom amas Sedegad astronomiuli sididis sagareo
valis daxvaveba SeiZleba mohyves). ufro metad imaze gavamaxvileb yuradRebas,
Tu ratom aris globalizaciis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli misi gegma populisturi.
globalizaciis winaaRmdeg trampiseuli galaSqreba populisturia ori
TvalsazrisiT: pirveli, mas win ar uZRvis arsebuli mdgomareobis realisturi Sefaseba da meore, Sesabamisad,
problemis gadaWris gzis yvelaze ararealisturi gzaa SemoTavazebuli.
is, rom amerikeli muSebi veRar
arian ise stabilurad dasaqmebulebi,
rogorc industriuli epoqis pikis
dros iyvnen, mxolod imiT ki ar aris
gamowveuli, rom samuSao adgilebi
globalizaciis Sedegad mesame msoflios qveynebSi gadavida, aramed imiTic,
rom industriuli seqtoris (da ara
mxolod industriulis) mzardi avtomatizacia mimdinareobs. rogorc nobelis premiis laureati, amerikeli ekonomisti jozef stiglici SeniSnavs:
„globalizacia problemis mxolod
nawilia. moxda teqnologiuri garRvevebi da am axal realobasTan adaptireba rTuli gamodga. warmoSobiT me
var indianis Statidan qalaq geridan.
es aris foladis mwarmoebeli patara
qalaqi. Cven axla zustad imden folads vawarmoebT, ramdensac saukeTeso
wlebSi vawarmoebdiT, ubralod, amisTvis adre dasaqmebuli muSebis raodenobis erTi meeqvsedi gvWirdeba.~
stiglics imis Tqma surs, rom msgavsi situaciaa industriuli seqtoris
bevr dargSi: warmoebis moculoba ucvlelia da zogjer bevrad aRemateba
Zvel maCveneblebs, magram am kompaniebSi dasaqmebuli muSebis ricxvi klebulobs. gaTavisuflebuli muSebis nawili axal unarebs iZens (zog qveyanaSi
saxelmwifo aqtiurad aris CarTuli
muSebisTvis axali profesiuli unarebis da codnis miwodebaSi, magram ZiriTadad es ufro metad evropis im qveynebSi xdeba, sadac saxelmwifo aqtiurad ereva SromiTi bazris regulirebaSi. aSS-Si amgvari Carevis tradicia
SedarebiT sustia) da sxva dargebis
kompaniebSi gadadis, nawili droebiT,
dabal xelfasze da arastabilurad
saqmdeba (ekonomistebi da sociologebi
aseT, arastabilurad dasaqmebul Rarib muSebs uwodeben „prekariats~. prekariati, rogor wesi, iRebs dabal anazRaurebas, is mudmivad samsaxuridan gaSvebis safrTxis winaSea da ar aqvs janmrTelobis dazRvevis garantiebi), nawili
ki umuSevaria da saxelmwifosgan socialur daxmarebas iRebs (saqarTvelosgan gansxvavebiT, dasavleTis qveynebSi
saxelmwifo dausaqmebel xalxs umuSevrobis daxmarebas uniSnavs). mxolod
Zalian mcire nawili Tu aRwevs gansakuTrebul warmatebas - imas, rasac adre amerikaSi „amerikul ocnebas~ uwodebdnen.
avtomatizaciis procesi ar SeCerdeba, radgan teqnologiuri garRvevebis ricxvi eqsponencialurad izrdeba.
SarSan oqsfordis universitetis mkvlevarebma gamoaqveynes saintereso kvleva, sadac sxvadasxva profesiis avtomatizaciis riski Seafases. am siaSi avtomatizaciis maRali riskis Semcvel
profesiebad, sxvebTan erTad, moxseniebulia: mZRolebi (TviTmarTvadi avtomobilebi sul ufro da ufro metad gadmodis fantastikis sferodan realobaSi. 2016 wlis seqtemberSi erT-erT
regionul amerikul gamocemaSi, aSSis prezidentma barak obamam gamoaqveyna
werili, romelSic TviTmarTvadi manqanebis momavalze da masTan dakavSirebul
sikeTeebsa da safrTxeebze saubrobs),
gayidvebis konsultantebi da menejerebi da molareebi (bevr dawesebulebaSi
ukve specialuri avtomatebis meSveobiT xorcieldeba fuladi operaciebi).
aseve, am kvlevis Tanaxmad, gagrZeldeba
da ufro gaRrmavdeba industriul
seqtorSi avtomatizacia, rac am sferoSi dasaqmebuli tradiciuli muSaTa
klasis ricxvs kidev ufro metad Seamcirebs.
avtomatizaciasTan erTad, ekonomikuri globalizaciac aris damnaSave
imaSi, rom Tanamedrove kapitalizmi
mudmivad warmoSobs struqturul umuSevrobas. globalizacia problemis
mxolod erTi nawilia. misi gavlena
eri-saxelmwifoebis ekonomikebze Semdegnairad SeiZleba SevafasoT: kapitali mudmivad eZebs saxelmwifos, sadac
iafi da disci plinirebuli muSaxeli,
naklebi regulacia da ekonomikuri ganviTarebiT dainteresebuli mTavrobaa.
bolo ori aTwleulis manZilze
aseTi idealuri qveyana CineTi iyo
ramdenime mizezis gamo: pirveli, CineTi
avtoritaruli saxelmwifoa da, Sesabamisad, muSaTa klasis moTxovnebi am
qveyanaSi didwilad represirebulia;
meore, Cinuri kultura aqcents Tavdauzogav Sromasa da swavlaze akeTebs;
mesame, CineTSi garemos dacvis regulaciebi minimaluria (ramac CineTis zogierTi qalaqi da regioni SeiZleba ekologiuri katastrofis winaSe daayenos); da CineTSi mTavroba dainteresebulia ekonomikuri ganviTarebiT. CineTis saxelmwifo infrastruqturuli
da sxva saxis proeqtebiT mudmivad
xels uwyobs kerZo seqtoris saqmianobas. (aq erTi mniSvnelovani da aRsaniSnavi detalia is, rom CineTi Sereuli
ekonomikaa, rac imas niSnavs, rom am
qveyanaSi saxelmwifo bevri mniSvnelovani sawarmos mflobelia. am TvalsazrisiT is unikalur SemTxvevad SeiZleba
miviCnioT - Tanamedrove kapitalizmis
umTavres beneficiar saxelmwifod, romelic Tavisufali bazris dogmatikas
bolomde ar emorCileba.)
globalizaciis am uaryofiT mxares
specialistebi uwodeben „rbolas fskerisken~. es metafora kargad aRwers
imas, Tu rogor ejibrebian saxelmwifoebi erTmaneTs muSaxelis xelovnurad
„gaiafebaSi~. mis SesaCereblad erTi
romelime saxelmwifos Zalisxmeva ar
kmara. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, „rbolisgan~ mTlianad gamoTiSva TiTqmis
SeuZlebelia. mTlianad gamosaTiSad
saWiroa Tavad „rbolis~ TamaSis wesebis xelaxla dawera, rasac saxelmwifoTa koleqtiuri Zalisxmeva sWirdeba.
evrokavSiris wevr qveynebSi populistebi ZiriTadad evrokavSirs da mis
mier Seqmnil Tavisufal bazars abraleben umuSevrobas da SromiTi standartebis dawevas, magram isini, pirvel rigSi,
swored imas ar iTvaliswineben, rom
calkeuli eri-saxelmwifo sxva saxel-
mwifoebis daxmarebis gareSe ver aRudgeba win uzarmazari globaluri bazris
moTxovnebs.
globaluri bazris moTxovnebis mTlianad ugulebelyofa erTpirovnulad
verc amerikis msgavs supersaxelmwifos
ZaluZs. miT umetes, SeuZlebelia amis
bolomde warmatebiT ganxorcieleba
im arasistemuri meTodebiT, riTic trampi xelmZRvanelobs. trampi arCevidan
sam kviraSi estumra indianis Statis
qalaq indianapoliss, imisaTvis, rom
aReniSna Tavisi gamarjveba kompania Carrier Corporation-is saqmeSi. es kompania
apirebda Tavisi warmoebis meqsikaSi
gadatanas, rasac 1000-ze meti samuSao
adgilis dakargva mohyveboda indianaSi. trampis gundma gadasaxadebis Semcirebis dapirebiT, kompania daarwmuna,
rom didwilad mainc SeenarCunebina
Tavisi warmoeba amerikaSi. trampi aseve
daemuqra im firmebs, romlebsac aSSis Tavdacvis saministros, pentagonTan
aqvT kontraqtebi, rom daumorCileblobis SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifo maTTan
aRar iTanamSromlebda.
amis paralelurad ukve Cndeba imis
niSnebi, rom aseTi individualisturi
da arasistemuri midgoma yovelTvis
ver imuSavebs. magaliTad, cnobili iPhone-ebis da MacBook-ebis mwarmoebeli
kompania „efli~ (Apple) indoeTSi apirebs axali sawarmos gaxsnas. `efli~
amerikuli kompaniaa da misi es nabiji
trampis deklarirebul politikas ewinaaRmdegeba. mediaSi gaJona „eflis~
aRmasrulebeli direqtoris tim kukis
(Tim Cook) mier Tavisi TanamSromlebisTvis gagzavnilma mesijma, romelSic
kuki amarTlebs Tavis yofnas trampis
mier mowyobil Sexvedraze: „Zalian mniS-
vnelovania (CarTva), mTavrobebs SeuZliaT gavlena moaxdinon Cvens qmedebebze.
maT SeuZliaT dadebiTi da arc Tu ise
dadebiTi gavlenis moxdena... Cven CaverTvebiT, rodesac veTanxmebiT da ar CaverTvebiT, rodesac ar veTanxmebiT...
Cven davicavT imas, risic gvwams... da
asec gavagrZelebT.~
kukis sityvebi imis maniSnebelia,
rom proteqcionistuli politika garantirebul Sedegebs iseT Zlevamosil
saxelmwifosac ki ver miscems, rogoric amerikaa. Zalian Znelia kompaniebs
dauSalo sxva qveynebSi investiciebis
ganxorcieleba, Tu isini amiT uzarmazar
mogebas naxuloben. isini ukan mxolod
im SemTxvevaSi daabruneben warmoebas,
Tuki mSobliur qveyanaSi garkveuli
ekonomikuri stimulebi iqneba Seqmnili
- magaliTad, Tu mSobliur qveyanaSi
muSaxelis fasi imdeni iqneba, ramdenic,
magaliTad, meqsikaSi an CineTSia, an,
alternatiul SemTxvevaSi, Tuki mSobliur qveyanaSi saxelmwifo muSebis
profesiul ganviTarebasa da socialur
dacvas gansakuTrebiT maRal doneze
uzrunvelyofs (rasac namdvilad ver
vityviT aSS-zec, Tu SedarebisTvis centraluri evropis da skandinaviis qveynebs aviRebT).
trampiseuli proteqcionizmis winaaRmdeg kidev erTi mniSvnelovani argumenti isic aris, rom rac unda gasakviri iyos, zogierTi kvlevis mixedviT,
aSS ukve aris msoflios yvelaze proteqcionistuli saxelmwifo (aSS rom
Tavisufali vaWrobis sanimuSo magaliTad mohyavT, imaT es faqti gansakuTrebiT gaukvirdebaT). ufro meti proteqcionistuli zomis gatarebam, naklebad
savaraudoa, rom xelSesaxebi Sedegi
7
moitanos.
am yvelaferTan erTad, ori ram unda
gaviTvaliswinoT: pirveli, is faqti,
rom „rbola fskerisken~ arsebobs, aucileblad ar niSnavs imas, rom nebismieri
ganviTarebadi qveyana avtomaturad gaxdeba uxvi investiciebis mimRebi obieqti, da meore, mdidari qveynebisTvis
aucilebeli ar aris maincdamainc SromiTi standartebis qvemoT daweva (amis
gakeTeba raRac azriT SeuZlebelic
aris) da mkacri savaWro proteqcionistuli zomebis gatareba globalizaciasTan da avtomatizaciasTan gasamklaveblad. globaluri bazris logikasTan nawilobriv mainc gamklaveba (vinaidan SevTanxmdiT, rom srulad gamklaveba individualur doneze SeuZlebelia) alternatiuli, araxisti gzebiTac aris SesaZlebeli, risi danaxvac centraluri evropisa da skandinaviis qveynebis magaliTze SegviZlia.
pirveli faqtis sailustraciod
saqarTvelos magaliTis moyvanac sakmarisia. saqarTveloSi SromiTi standartebi ukiduresad dabal donezea,
minimaluri xelfasi faqtobrivad ar
aris, garemos dacvis regulaciebis
mudmivad arRveven kompaniebi, profkavSirebi ararsebulia da gadasaxadebi
Zalian dabalia (memarjvene partiebi
ki ufro qvemoT dawevas moiTxoven,
magram ukve imdenad dabalia gadasaxadebi, rom mxolod gauqmebaRa Tu iqneba Semdegi nabiji). amis miuxedavad,
jerjerobiT arc erT seriozul multinacionalur korporacias ar ganuxorcielebia saqarTveloSi seriozuli investicia. amis mizezi is aris,
rom bevris TvalSi Cveni regioni ukiduresad arastabiluria, rogorc geopolitikurad, ise politikuri TvalsazrisiT (mudmivi Sida areulobis
safrTxe). bevr bizness stabiluroba
da grZelvadiani perspeqtiva aranakleb ainteresebs, ufro metad Tu ara,
vidre dabali gadasaxadebi an iafi
muSaxeli. Sesabamisad, rodesac saqme
saqmeze midgeba, viRacas urCevnia meti
investicia ganaxorcielos CexeTSi, sadac muSaxeli ufro Zviria da gadasaxadebi ufro maRalia, vidre saqarTveloSi. (aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom
regionSi stabilurobis problema iqamde iqneba, sanam ruseTi mudmiv konfrontacias ar Sewyvets dasavleTTan
da mezobeli qveynebis, gansakuTrebiT,
evropuli qveynebis suverenitets safrTxes ar Seuqmnis. Cven SegviZlia
maqsimumi gavakeToT da yvelanairad
ganvmuxtoT daZabuli situacia, mag-
8
ram problemas verasdros aRmovfxvriT,
radgan misi saTave kremlis sagareo
politikaSia.)
meore SeniSvna is aris, rom mdidari qveynebisTvis gadasaxadebis Semcireba, socialur saxelmwifoze uaris
Tqma da xisti savaWro proteqcionizmi gamosavali yovelTvis ar aris.
amis saukeTeso magaliTi skandinaviis
da centraluri evropis qveynebia. maT
moaxerxes is, rom SeinarCunes TavianTi moqalaqeebis socialuri dacvis
meqanizmebi ise, rom ekonomikur ganviTarebasac ar Seuqmnes safrTxe. maTi
warmatebis gasaRebi is aris, rom am
qveynebSi saxelmwifo mudmivad akontrolebs ekonomikaSi momxdar cvlilebebs, muSebs sTavazobs gadamzadebis
farTomasStabian programebs da xelmisawvdom umaRles ganaTlebas (maT
Soris, profesiul ganaTlebas) da kerZo
kompaniebTan mudmivad gadis konsultaciebs msoflio bazarze konkurenciis dasaZlevad (magaliTisTvis, germanul „SpigelSi~ ramdenime kviris
win gamoqveynda saintereso statia, sadac saubaria imaze, rom germaniis mTavroba cdilobs ubiZgos germanul avtoindustriis gigantebs, waaxalison
eleqtronuli manqanebis ganviTareba,
imisaTvis, rom msoflio bazarze poziciebi ar dakargon).
skandinaviis da centraluri evropis qveynebi, paralelurad, avtomatizaciis problemis gadaWrazec fiqroben. 2016 wlis ivnisSi SveicariaSi
gaimarTa referendumi imis Sesaxeb, unda
SemoeRoT Tu ara universaluri sabaziso Semosavali. marTalia, referendumSi mosaxleobis 77 %-ma uari Tqva
iniciativaze, magram misma wamoyenebam
avtomatizaciis Temaze diskusiis gafarToebas Seuwyo xeli. universaluri sabaziso Semosavlis ukan dgas
idea, rom Tanamedrove samyaroSi, sadac avtomatizacia gardauvalia, umjobesi iqneba, Tu teqnologiuri garRvevebis Sedegad miRebuli SemosavliT yvela adamians Rirseuli cxovrebisTvis sabaziso pirobebs SevuqmniT. amiT ara mxolod adamianebis
socialur saWiroebebs davakmayofilebT, aramed ekonomikasac SevuwyobT
xels, radgan umuSevar moqalaqeebs saSualebas mivcemT, saTanadod moemzadon axali profesiebis asaTviseblad.
jerjerobiT, aravin icis, Tu sabolood ra formas miiRebs es idea, magram
mis gamocdaze saubari ukve seriozulad mimdinareobs. magaliTad, fineTis
parlamentma dekemberSi wamoiwyo is-
toriuli eqsperimenti, romelic saSualebas mogvcems gavigoT, Tu rogor SeiZleba imuSaos msgavsma sistemam erTi qveynis masStabiT. am sistemis saintereso analizi mocemulia
amerikuli „forbsis~ damoukidebeli
avtoris statiaSi. isic gvevlineba
ideis mxardamWerad da amtkicebs, rom
es sqema garkveuli formiT xels Seuwyobs dasaqmebis SesaZleblobebis waxalisebas.
amgvarad, skandinaviisa da centraluri evropis qveynebi msoflio bazris logikis winaaRmdeg ki ar midian
(rasac trampi apirebs Tavisi proteqcionistuli politikiT), aramed am
logikas Tavis sasargeblod iyeneben.
meore mxriv, individualisturi nabijebiT msoflio bazris logikisTvis
mTlianad gverdis avla mainc SeuZlebel amocanad rCeba. miuxedavad imisa,
rom proteqcionizmiviT damRupveli
ar aris, centralur-evropuli da skandinaviuri strategiac, imis gamo, rom
Tavisi arsiT nacionalisturi da individualisturia (individualisturi im azriT, rom uSvebs, rom calke
aRebul erT er-saxelmwifos SeuZlia
mTlianad gadaurCes globaluri bazris gamowvevebs) sistemur gamowvevebs yovelTvis ver upasuxebs. magaliTad, swored germaniisTvis axla
gadamwyveti momentia damdgari, radgan
Tuki evrokavSiri daiSleba, is mniSvnelovan gasaRebis bazars dakargavs
da ukiduresad dazaraldeba. sxva qveynebSi agorebuli proteqcionistuli
talRa masze aucileblad moaxdens
uaryofiT gavlenas (amitomac axla
germaniis mTavroba gansakuTrebiT SeSfoTebuli da gaRizianebulia britaneTis referendumis SedegebiT).
germaniis msgavsi safrTxe emuqreba evrokavSiris sxva qveynebsac, radgan Tu es erToba daiSleba (romelic,
gulwrfelad Tu vityviT, idealurisgan
Zalian Sorsaa), marto darCenili erisaxelmwifoebi globalur bazarTan
brZolaSi aucileblad dazaraldebian. dRes dasavleTSi populistebi
xalxs arwmuneben, rom yvelafris Tavi da Tavi eri-saxelmwifos dasustebaSi unda veZeboT. sinamdvileSi ki
eri-saxelmwifos dasusteba mxolod
problemis simptomia. Tavad problemis arsi ki globaluri kapitalizmis mowyobaSia saZebneli. am problemis gadaWras upirveles yovlisa nacionalisturi SiSebisa da agresiis
gverdze gadadeba da civi gonebiT moqmedeba sWirdeba.
~
vin aris is `xalxi~, vinc
trampi airCia
gasaocaria
gasaocaria, magram am wyvilis ase
gaberili da msoflio mniSvnelobis
donemde ayvanili Widili, sruli azrobrivi sixistisa da moaruli socialuri cneba/terminebis sicocxle moklebul enobriv doneze ganixileba. is
movlena ki, romlis konteqstSic es
arCevnebi mxolod simptomuri niSania,
samyaros yvelaze ze-maStaburi vitaluri procesis amsaxvelia; bevrad didis,
vidre raime politikuri movlena an
viTareba aqamde arsebobda. amitom am
arCevnebis stereoti pebis saSualebiT
ganxilva, anu drosa da sivrceSi konkretul/adgilobriv, socialur/politikuri warmodgenebis CarCoebSi moqceva,
swored sicocxlis yvelaze cxovelmyofelad amsaxveli faqtis mkvlelobaa
eniT, enaSi da mxolod enisTvis.
am movlenasTan kavSirSi seriozuli
filosofosebis Segnebuli gancxadebebi
TvalSi ar momxvedria - mxolod JiJekis ususuri, arafris mTqmeli da suzan
zontagis samarcxvinod brtyeli Sefaseba wavikiTxe, Tanac Zalian usiamovno,
provokaciuli daboloebiT.
Tu momxdaris yvelaze zustad daxasiaTdeba movindomeT, albaT unda vTqvaT, rom es movlena kuriozuli da gamaogneblad ambivalenturia: anu, srulyofili demokratiuli proceduriT,
sruliad arademokratiuli faseulobebis matarebeli pretendenti iqna arCeuli;
ra SeiZleba iyos ufro saxaliso?!
saxelmwifoSi demokratiis yvelaze
aSkara warmatebis maniSnebelma - demokratiuli arCevnebis meqanizmma, Tavis
mSobel demokratiul suliskveTebas
veraferi SesZina SesaSuri!
aris ki demokratiuli suliskveTebis survili saTaveSi briyvi eqscentriki dgoma? ara. aris ki socialisturi moZRvrebis eTikis survili qveyanaSi totalitarizmis damyareba? ara.
arada, aseTi Sedegebi ganuwyvetliv
iCens Tavs, Cvens axal istoriaSi. aqedan
maqsima: humanuri idea gansxeulebis
process ver axorcielebs, radgan keTili arakeTil sazogadoebaSi keTilis meSveobiT sikeTes ver amkvidrebs,
ZaladobiT ki, keTili TviTon auqmebs
sikeTis arss - ese igi, sakuTar Tavs.
aseTia dResdReobiT samyaros xari-
gansxvavebuli pozicia
sxi da amasTan gviwevs saqmis Wera.
magram arCevnebs davubrundeT, romelmac gonier Tvals Svebac mohgvara:
- kidev erTxel da, mgoni, axla sabolood gaqarwylda konspiraciuli Teoriebis da isTebliSmentis ze-simZlavris miTi. anu, ze-struqturebis aRviraSvebuli ze-gavlenebis arsebobis zRaprebi (Cveneburad/qarTulad: `midi ra
yvelaferi Cawyobilia~). es bevrs metyvelebs da am movlenis Zalian pozitiuri mxarea! arCevnebi moigo tramalis mgelma (ukmexma „quCis biWma~) da ara sabavSvo baRis samagaliTo/wesierma gogonam, romelic
keTilsindisierad warmoadgenda
baRis administraciisa da damfinanseblebis erTian nebas.
is rom istebliSmentma da mis ukan
`bnelma~ Zalebma ar, an ver gamoiyenes
sakuTari uzarmazari manqana, anu manqanam Tavisi kandidatis warmatebis amocana eqstremalur situaciaSic ki, ver
an ar uzrunvelyo - am faqtisTvis amerikis saxelmwifoebrivi sistema da aparati mxolod kompliments imsaxurebs.
da ra moxda sinamdvileSi da zogadad?
mxolod viRac, brtyeli cnobierebis msxverpli, an Zalian cbier/mizanda-
saxuli ideologisti (Comskis tipis)
Tu gaakeTebs aseT daskvnas: gaimarjva
`xalxma~ - `xalxs~ yelSi amouvida
`neoliberalebis~ TareSi, `isTebliSmentis~ gamyidveluri poza da korporaciebis batonoba,
modiT aseTi ubralo, an `melia
gonebis~ patrons vkiTxoT - vin aris
trampi? swored trampi ar aris `instinqtze dafuZnebuli neoliberalizmis~ uwarmatebulesi warmomadgeneli?
- erT-erTi imaTgani, romelmac `gonebaze
da keTilmyofelobis survilze damyarebul, Zireul/istoriuli tipis liberalizms~ reputacia Seulaxa?! ese
igi, es rogor gamodis - arCevnebmogebuli oligarqisa da gaveSebuli `neoliberali~ trampis gaprezidenteba,
Turme neoliberalizmis yelSi amosvlis mowmobaa?
raRac vera varT logikaSi gamarTuli.
axla ki mTavari davsvaT kiTxva: ra,
an vin aris `xalxi~? - vinc, ase vTqvaT
arCevani gaakeTa. ra socialuri warmonaqmnia es `xalxi~ da ra socialuri maxasiaTeblebis matarebelia es
sityva dRes - oRond ara rogorc
cneba, aramed rogorc konkretuloba.
modiT es kiTxva Cven garemo maga-
9
liTze gavxadoT TvalsaCino - radgan
mTeli dasavluri sazogadoeba, rogorc
struqtura, erT yaidazea moWrili.
iyo Tu ara Tqven garSemo, an Tundac
uSores distanciazec ki vinme, vinc
tramps uWerda mxars? ara. arc Cem
garSemo, arc Cems megobreb/nacnobebSi,
megobrebis megobrebSi, kolegebSi, studentebSi ar yofila trampis mxardamWeri arc germaniaSi da arc saqarTvelos cifrul sivrceSi. arc Cems Svil
annas, mis megobar florians da Tamunas
(Cems meuRles) gaugiaT niu-iorkSi
vinme axlobel/Soreulisgan, rom trampis gaprezidentebis survili hqonoda.
arada, rogorc viciT, am Temebze gacxovelebuli diskusiebi mimdinareobda
da xedvadoba maRali iyo. uklebliv
yvelas ukidures siSorezec ki kulturul garemoSi erTnairi Sefaseba hqonda: trampi - avantiuristi, politikur/
kulturulad brma, amoralur/CarCenili xami/goimi.
rogorc viciT, amomrCevlis damokidebuleba arCevnis saganTan, rogoric
ar unda iyos is, arasdros aris individualuri, damokidebuleba yovelTvis
kulturul/teritorialuria. adamianTa erToba, romelic me vaxsene, sazogadoebis im Sres ganekuTneba, romelic kulturul/socialuri dinamikis mTavari
matarebelia da am dinamikisTvis da
am dinamikiT arsebobs, anu guli aqvs
mixeuli. es adamianebi sazogadoebis
momavalTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze
debatebSi aqtiurad monawileoben da
progresis SesaZlebeli versiebiT arian
gulwrfelad dainteresebuli. am wris
xalxs miekuTvnebian: studentebi, Semoqmedni, mecnierebi, filosofosebi, socialuri uflebebisTvis da totalurad
demokratiuli sazogadoebis SeqmnisTvis mebrZoli adamianebi, zogadad, ase
vTqvaT, progresuli suliskveTebis matarebeli wre. es socialuri speqtri
amerikaSic da yvela sxva qveyanaSic
erTsulovnad trampis mowinaaRmdege
iyo. magram, rogorc aqedan Cans, es sazogadoebis vitalurad mamoZravebeli
speqtri `xalxs~ ar warmoadgens - maT
xom trampi ar aurCeviaT!
aba vin aris is sxva `xalxi~, vinc
trampi airCia?
es `xalxi~ xma/smena warTmeuli
adamianebis `nacrisferi zonaa~, romelic kulturul procesSi mxolod
fiqtobrivad monawileobs, anu am procesSi marginalizirebulia. isini, erTis
mxriv, sakuTari uniWobis, meores mxriv
ki, sazogadoebis aRniSnuli aqtiuri
nawilis mier `nacrisfer zonaSi~ ar
10
Cadebuli yuradRebisa da energiis gamo
darCnen gariyuli da praqtikulad
ar monawileoben kulturis dinamikaSi
- anu samomavlo cnobierebis gaformebis saqmeSi. swored amitom `nacrisferi zona~ CarCenili da gamagrebulia
`gadarCena dafuZnebis cnobierebaSi~
(sadac `aq~ da `Cemi~ - msoflxedvis
ganmsazRvreli veqtorebia), anu swored
im cnobierebaSi, romlis daZlevis udaZabules mcdelobebsac warmoadgens dasavluri kulturis (xsenebuli vitalur/progresuli nawilis) aqtiuroba
ager ukve 150 welia.
uaxloes warsulSi, am ZalisxmevebSi kulturas gverdSi daudga da dRes
yvelanairad mxars ubams isTebliSmenti - afinansebs, uqmnis garemoebebs da
SesaZleblobebs sazogadoebis cnobierebis win gamwev saqmianobas. ise, rom
blokis - socialur/kulturulad aqtiuri sazogadoebis nawili + isTebliSmenti miznebi, `nacrisferi zonis~
gagebebsa da survilebs aranairad ar
emTxveva, anu `xalxs~ mowyvetilia da
Tanac es mowyveta/naprali sul ufro
Rrmavdeba da daZabuloba sul ufro
izrdeba.
`nacrisfer zonas~ ar esmis, ratom
uRalata mas isTebliSmentma, ratom
auba mxari man ara lokaluri interesebis matarebel idealizms - ra aliansia
es da ra momavlisTvis iRvwis is. marTlac, saukunis win isTebliSmentis
wminda memarjveneobas wyali ar gauvidoda. axla ki is globalizms, antirasizms, feminizms, antikolonializms
qadagebs da yvela ti pis fundamentalizmsa da umciresobaTa Cagvras gasakviri enTuziazmiT ebrZvis - `nacrisferi zonis~ patriotizmis gagebisTvis
da teritorialuri interesebis miseul
aRqmisTvis es namdvilad antinacionalisturi politikaa.
SexedeT arCevnebis rukas - yvela
Statma sadac aqtiuri kulturuli
cxovreba mimdinareobs, hilaris dauWira
mxari! SexedeT arCevnebSi monawile
socialur jgufebis statistikas, yvela socialuri jgufi, vis garSemoc
aqtualuri situacia/debatebia - studentebi, inteleqtualebi, feradkanianebi, feminizmis warmomadgenlebi, lgbt
wevrebi, devnilebi, emigrantebi da sxva
- aseve hilaris mxares iyo.
ese igi, kidev erTxel - vin uWers
mxars tramps da vin aris `xalxi~?
`xalxi~ aris - texaseli fermeri/
qauboi, arkanzaseli klerki, aioveli
diasaxlisi, viskonsineli meTevze - adamianebi, vinc kulturis yru-munji narCe-
nebiT ikvebebian,romelTac principulad
ezizRebaT is razedac sruliad bundovani warmodgena aqvT: Tanamedroveobis
mier gaformebuli erTiani kacobriobis
erTiani momavlis prospeqti da `adamianis~ gadalaxvisken mimarTuli dinamika. amaSi `nacrisferi zona~ mxolod
meryev safuZvels da SemaZrwunebel
momavals xedavs - maTi Sinagani, aracnobieri ltolva xom mxolod `gadarCena/
damkvidrebis~ princi piskenaa. xom gaxsovT `udardel mogzaurSi~ (`Easy
Rider~) rogori umowyalo sisastikiT,
warbSeuxrelad, klaven centraluri
Statebis warmomadgeneli fermerebi
motocikletebiT mogzaur grZelTmian
meamboxeebs? ai dRes swored man, kulturulad yru-munjma amerikam gaamarjvebina tramps. ganudga isTebleSments
- raxan is ganaxlebas da ucnob momavals daudga gverdSi: Semoqmedebs, mecnierebs, namdvil memarcxeneebs (ara ideologistebs), anu kulturul avangards,
romlebmac `damkvidreba/gadarCenis cnobierebis~ istoriulad ganmsazRvreli
socialuri ideis destabilizacia SeZlo da amiT umniSvnelovanesi saqme
gaakeTa da akeTebs momavlisTvis. - maT
xom safuZveli mouryies tradiciuli
klasikuri kulturis, myar/erTmniSvnelovan faseulobebs - adamiani miwas
mowyvites da haerSi gamokides (suspention) - Sansis molodinSi da Sansis
xelidan argasaSvebad: rom RvTaebrivi
stumari meti aRar gavuSvaT jvarze RvTaebrivi stumris saxe xom yovelTvis Tavidan gamosacnobia, amas ki `WeSmariti da myari Rirebulebebi~ uSlis
xels. es haerSi gamokideba aris is,
rasac socialuri procesebis analizSi
susti da primitiuli gonebebi `postmodernul qaoss~ an `postmodernul
gancxromas~ eZaxian. postmoderni ki,
Tanmimdevrulad akeTebs da axorcielebs imas, rac modernma dargo da dasaxa - Tavganwirva absurdisTvis, anu
SansisTvis - oRond postmoderni amas
ara individualur doneze (modernistulad), aramed axali orientaciiT
axorcielebs - komunaluri sivrcis
CarTviT da masze zrunviT.
swored aRwerilis gamo `nacrisfer
zonaSi~, anu `xalxSi~ uzarmazari resentimentis gancdaa dagrovili. `nacrisfer zonas~ sZags yvelaferi, rac
cnobierebis winsvlasTan, anu teritoriebis ganzavebasTan aris dakavSirebuli: antirasizmi, feminizmi, lgbt moZraoba, solidaroba, tolerantoba, genderuli detrminizmis miRma gaRwevis
mcdelobebi, xalxTa erTianoba, ltol-
vilebis daxmareba da gaWirvebulTa
Svela/mimRebloba - yvelaferi es mas
sZuls.
is, rac `nacrisfer zonas~ surs,
uyvars da eimedeba, es Zlieri dakunTuli fexebia, miwaze myarad mdgari da (!)
es is, uZvelesi fexmokideba gadarCenis
pirutyvuli instinqtia adamianSi, romliTac is daibada, romelmac mas emsaxura - aTria da gaatara istoriis uRrani
tyeebi, bolos ki, sinaTlis gamoCenisas,
Tavisi misia amowura. es misiaamowuruloba jer mxolod cnobierdeba,
mtkivneulad, travmatulad da ugnurebis maradi TanxlebiT.
guSin, Zveli cnobierebis revanSis
piki `breqsiti~ iyo, dRes trampia, romelmac ukve aiwepa yvela ti pis faSisturi ganwyobebis mqone teritorializmis gamomxatveli terminebi (`TeTri
muSaTa klasi~, `TeTri amerika~, `kaci
samyaros burji - qali samyaros dekoracia~ da a.S.).
dRevandeli gamwvaveba samomavlo
da Zveli cnobierebis formebs Soris
istoriulad uprecendentoa da sazogadoebrivi sistemebis cvlilebebze bevrad didi da mtkivneuli procesia da
aseve Seudareblad mniSvnelovani (nicSeanuri `SuadRe~ Sedis Tavis uflebebSi). trampis `nacrisferi zona~ gabrazebulia - maT ar undaT patriarqatis
kastraciis msxverpli iyvnen - kli(n)torina maT ar awyobT - es, isedac
Zneli asaxsneli prospeqti, maTTvis
gaugebaria - Tanac maTTvis am `axlis~
axsna/ganmartebaze didi energia jerjerobiT aravis dauxarjavs - zogadad
gasagebi mizezebis gamo:
- progresulma cnobierebam (yvela
ubanze - xelovneba, filosofia, mecniereba) 150 weli garRvevis Zalisxmevas
miakla Tavi. es iyo, `cnobilis~ rRvevis
xarjze `ucnobSi~ gaRwevis ganwirulobiTa da travmebiT savse gza da samyarosTvis seriozuli da diskursulad daxurdavebuli gacnobiereba/ganmartebisTvis veravin seriozulad ver
moicala.
swored amitomaa samyaroSi aseTi
simwire grandiozul cvlilebTan dakavSirebuli, ze-globaluri problemis
gaazrebis Semomtani teqstebis. did
filosofosTa avTenturi diskursebi,
samwuxarod, kvlavac viwro disciplinarul teritoriebze rCeba, analitikur komentarebs mxolod elis - ramac
`nacrisferi zonisTvis~, nel-nela da
rudunebiTi ZalisxmeviT gasagebi unda
gaxados es samomavlo proeqti; dinebadi cnobierebis fenomeni, anu axali
samomavlo samyaro, romelic jerjerobiT, Tavisi bundovani da mouxelTebeli
konturebiT - SiSis zars scems Zveli,
myari, gasagebi, mtkice Rirebulebebis
ierarqiulad gawyobili samyaros formasTan gaigivebul adamianebs - radgan
maTvis Tavganwirva wyals gayola. gadaxsnili Sansi, arasodes yofila faseuli - maTTvis aravis uswavlebia amis
siyvaruli.
`nacrisferi zonis~ resentimentisTvis anonimuri TviTgamoxatvis erTaderTi saSualeba dRes mxolod saxalxo da sayovelTao arCevnebi da referendumebia - sxvagan da yvelgan, dRes, maTi azrovneba da xedva regresul-revanSistuli rom ar vTqvaT, imbecilurad iTvleba - radgan samyaroSi samomavlo/inovaciuri cnobierebis damkvidrebis konkretuli moTxovnebi ukve dRis
wesrigSi dgas, isTebliSmentis mxardaWeriT gamagrebuli. swored aseT dros
da aseTi formebiT (anonimuri arCevnebi,
referendumebi) amtkicebs `nacrisferi zona~ Tavs (`breqsiti~ wminda wylis
resentimentis fenomenia). gadarCena/
damkvidrebis cnobiereba dRes srul
konvulsiaSia da isteriuli brZola
aqvs gamocxadebuli ucnobi momavlisTvis - esaa terorizmis Zireuli da
namdvili mizezi (sxva mizezebi lokalur/momyolia), aseve ruseTis fundamentalisturi azrovnebisa da agresiis safuZvelic (baton garewar-duginis ideologiur moZRvrebaSi es diqotomia ugnurad, momavlis mimarT TvaldaTxrilad, magram struqturis doneze
cxadad aqvs danaxuli).
mokled, msoflios lideri qveynis
saTaveSi movida kaci - yovelgvari
politikuri codnis gareSe, umravlesobis azriT gaunaTlebeli, primitiuli
eniT mosaubre, zedapiruli warmodgenebiT samyaroze da movlenebze, aranairi
politikuri codnis da unar/Cvevebis
mqone, bunebiT karierist/avantiuristi,
romelsac ekuTvnis sityvebi: `me demokratebis ideebi ufro momwons, magram
respublikelebis saxeliT vimoqmedeb,
raxan maTi darwmuneba ufro advilia~(!).
ai aseTi upirobo oportunisti
daiyena saTaveSi retrogradTa da konformistTa erTobam da es mravalze
metyvelebs, maT isterikaze da ukidegano SiSebze. `gadarCena/dafuZnebis cnobierebis~ sazogadoeba xom SiSis naSieria! is dRes yovelgvar `keTilsindisierebas~ moklebuli ibrZvis yvela
teritoriaze antihumanuri da antisamomavlo moTxovnebis gansaxorcieleblad!
imis, rac moxda kidev erTi fsiqo-
logiuri mxare/mizezi gaaCnia: qari
da misi performatiul momnusxavi buneba. qari uyvars rutinaSi daZirul
xalxs (Cven ki, uklebliv yvela adamiani, raRac, garkveuli rutinis matarebeli yovelTvis varT). ucbad amovardnili, ufiqreli, ucbad momsvleli,
ucbad momgeb/gamarjvebul/wamsvleli.
qaris Sarmi, Stormis Sansi/molodini,
Stormis Semdeg ganaxlebuli peizaJis
warmosaxviTi xibli, uyvars adamians
(yvelas uklebliv - qvecnobierad) raxan praqtikulad yvela acnobierebs
sakuTari Tavis SigniT, dids da qmediTs verafers atarebs, amitom garedan
Semosuls eltvis - is, rac maTTvis
gulis Semtokebeli gasarTobia am mosabezreblad ganmeorebad samyaroSi. aseTi Sarmi yvelaze momnusxavi dauxvewavi,
stiqiurad instinqtebs mimyoli adamianebisTvisaa: momavalze daufiqrebloba/gaufrTxilebloba, `eqSeni~ (erTjeradi qmedeba) da mere wyalsac wauRia
yvelaferi - isterikis es forma ganuviTarebeli da dinamikiT ardakavebu
li gonebis maxasiaTebelia! magram es
qaric aucilebelia samyarosTvis. es
mtokavi nervi, romelic uecar situaciebs aCaliCebs da samyaros aradagegmilad avrcobs. es gaugebrobis, saWiro
da sasargeblo qaosis Semomtani Zalaa
- romelsac Tu sabolood gonebam ar
uxelmZRvanela, damRupvelic SeiZleba
gamodges.
trampi - aradamZimebuli (arsebul
struqturebSi gabmulobis seriozulobiT), goimbazi energiiT, kontraversulad eqstatur/eqscentruli, ubralo
eniT da martivi propoziciebiT metyveli, - populisti/oligarqi - anu saakaSvil-ivaniSvilis nazavi SeiZleba sulac
ucnauri jokeri gamodges, Tu marTla
ugono, magram `nebis TamaSebis gamtaria~. ise rom, sruliad SesaZlebelia,
rom speqtaklma moulodneli mimarTulebac aiRos!
da kidev getyviT: praqtikulad yvela adamiani dResdReobiT, anu adamianis istoriuli ganviTarebis am etapze,
gulis siRrmeSi kvlavac nawilobriv
memarjvenea - ese igi, SiSebiT daTrgunul/gafacicebuli da gadarCena/damkvidrebis vnebiT Sepyrobili subieqti.
Cemi da Tqveni CaTvliT. is, Tu vinmes
cota goneba uWris da momavlis xedvis
raRac unari gaaCnia, ar niSnavs, rom
SiSebis miRma dgas - da Tu mas fexze
myarad dgomas dapirdebi (ranairi yalbic ar una iyos danapirebi), masze (da
ara `sxvaze~) zrunvis Seni survilis
propagandas Tavs moaxvev, sxvisgan ga-
11
moyofil bedniereba/warmatebas aRuTqvam da etyvi, rom `sxva~ mas ar sWirdeba, Tu mters daukonkreteb da aseve
xelisSemSlel garemoebebze zustad
mianiSneb - is Sen namdvilad wamogyveba.
SeiZleba mec da Tqvenc wavyveT: `yt bcgjdtlbvs genb Ujcgjlyb~ - naTqvamia.
asec moxda - cocxal/vitalurma,
personificirebulma sigoimem daxvewil da mizanmimarTul, magram rutinas
(Tundac dinamiurs) ver gaqceul tavtologiur enobriv struqturas mougo
omi.
am momentisTvis zogadad msoflio
kulturis yvelaze didi sirTule, magram usainteresoesi momenti, samyaroseuli mniSvnelobis mqone gardamaval
periodSi arsebobaa. adamianis cnobiereba imyofeba ara epoqalur, aramed
bevrad met - samyaroseuli metamorfozis situaciaSi. gonierebis mTavarma
moZraobam - limitebis miRma arsebulis
wvdomis avangardma, bolo 150 wlis
uzarmazari daZabulobisa da dinamizmis
xarjze gaarRvia cnobierebis istoriul/fundamenturi forma `gadarCena/
damkvidrebis cnobiereba~ - daexsna
brWyalebidan am primitiul monstrs,
romelsac adamiani cxovelur damokidebulebaSi da mibmulobaSi hyavda samyaroSi arsebobis modusTan mimarTebaSi
- anu, `aq~ arsebobaze mijaWvulobaSi
amyofebda.
nel-nela formdeba aqamde sruliad
ucnobi, momavlis dinamizmisTvis Tavganwirvis forma, anonimur zeteqnologiur cnobierebaSi CaRvriloba-ganwovis
Sinagani survili, anu iseTi cnobierebis forma, romelmac uzarmazar da
sruliad axal saazrovno veqtorebs
gvaziara. am samyaroseul movlenaSi
adamianis usanukvaresi ocneba sruldeba: komunalur dinamikaSi (ara indi-
vidualurSi - rogorc aRmosavleTSia) CaamTavros `adamianis~ istoriuli bedi da axal sruliad iracionalur gadaxsnilobaSi ganzavdes - amisTvis mas adamianis `aq~ arseboba moaqvs
Sesawirze. am dinamikaSi xelovnebis
avangardma, rogorc iracionaluris istoriulma liderma, es sapatio misia
dRes mecnierebas dauTmo, romelmac
samyaros sawyisis da misi Ziris sruli
iracionaloba aRmoaCina. ise rom, komunalur doneze xdeba sakuTari Tavis,
anu kulturuli identurobis, msxverplad motana. samsxverplo sagani cnobierebaa - romelic momavalSi singularobis yovlismomcvel erTianobis
anonimurobaSi unda ganiwovos - aseT
dResaswaulSi unda damTavrdes `adamiani~ da es man nebayoflobiTad unda
ganaxorcielos, amisTvis TviTSegnebuli mzadebiT da mzadyofniT.
mokled, samyaro srulfasovan da
sisxlsavse cxovrebas cxovrobs da
finiSis xazisTvis damaxasiaTebel uda-
Zabules brZolebSia (uzogades binarul winaaRmdegobebs Soris) dRes Cabmuli - didi amplituduri ryevebiT,
rxevebiT da gadaxrebiT.
erT dRes es damTavrdeba - mwams,
rom sul male da ucnobi sikeTiT!
me aseve mwams, rom trampis fenomeni
(Tu is `kacuri kacia~, marTla eqscentrikia da ar gahyva pasiurad dinebas)
mxolod kargs mogvitans: kidev erTxel,
aSkarad da SeiZleba sabolood(!) dagvarwmunebs, rom `cnobierebis cvlilebis~ dinamika upirobod sworia da
kacobrioba asafren biliks adgas! kidev
da sabolood SevignebT, rom saerTo
saxalxo referendumebma/arCevnebma araferi SeiZleba moutanos kacobriobas
kargi da progresuli
progresuli, roca gadasawyveti dilema momavals da warsuls
exeba, raxan aseT dros konformizmi
`nacrisferi zonis~ gverdSi dgomiT
yovelTvis gaimarjvebs!
jerjerobiT da amJamad `nacrisferi
zona~ kacobriobis minimum 70%-s Seadgens da is yvelafers yovelTvis ucnobi,
anu gadaxsnili momavlis sawinaaRmdegod gawyvets! am situciam SeiZleba
sabolood migvaxvedros, rom winmswraf
dinamikasTan paralelurad udidesi
energia da dro unda Caidos sazogadoebis sulier/mentaluri realobis erTianobis mosapoveblad da es ganaTlebisa da momavlis surnelis SetaniT
unda moxdes `nacrisfer zonaSi~.
da kidev, bolos da bolos unda
gacnobierdes, rom es banalur/primitiulad gagebuli demokratiis idea umaqnisia da bevrad drekadi da situacionisturi politika gvmarTebs Tu gvsurs: rom erTiani, arateritorialur/
denadi cnobierebis idea sabolood
gaxdes adamianis momavali.
Cveni megobaria eqimi merab boTeraSvili
msxvili varikozuli venebis
yvelaze Sedegiani meTodi
mkurnalobis
tkivilis gareSe!
nawiburebis gareSe!
narkozis gareSe!
lazeriT
2177 65th st.
Brooklyn, NY 11204
1-718-238-1555
12
uaxloesi da
eqim
merab boTeris
gia eZgveraZe
pirveli qali parlamentarebi
1919 wels saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis sakanonmdeblo organos damfuZnebelTa kreba warmodgenili iyo
130 deputatis SemadgenlobiT, aqedan 4 qali iyo. maT, mogvianebiT mexuTe qali daemataT. yvela maTgani saqarTvelos
social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis wevrebi iyvnen. interesmoklebuli ar iqneba maTi gacnoba.
elisabed (liza) iosebis asuli nakaSiZe-bolqvaZe (1885-1937), 1904 wlidan
saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli
muSaTa partiis wevri, 1917 wlidan
`guriis qalTa sazogadoebis~ Tavmjdomare iyo. 1921 wlidan antisabWoTa
moZraobaSi Caeba, ris gamoc 1923 wels
daapatimres.
gadasaxlebidan dabrunebis Semdeg,
antisabWoTa moRvaweoba ganagrZo da
xelaxla daapatimres. 1937 wels kontrrevoluciuri organizaciis xelmZRvanelobis braldebiT krasnoiarskSi
daxvrites. reabilitirebulia 1956 wels.
* * *
ola soloRaSvili (1882-1937) 1903
wlidan saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis wevri, sabiblioTeko da saredaqcio komisiis wevri
iyo. saqarTvelos gasabWoebis Semdeg
antisabWoTa aralegalur moZraobaSi
Caeba. 1925 wlidan pedagogiur saqmianobas eweoda. 1937 wels Sinsaxkomis
samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri olqis
raionulma ganyofilebam daapatimra.
antisabWoTa da antisakolmeurneo propagandis, Sovinisturi ganwyobebis, aseve
menSevikTa lider ramiSvilTan kavSiris
braldebiT, ola soloRaSvils daxvreta miusajes.
* * *
eleonora (lola) mixeilis asuli
ter-farsegova-maxvilaZisa 1875 wels
daibada. 1902 wlidan saqarTvelos
social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis
wevri iyo. 1905 wlis 17 oqtombris
manifestis Semdeg, organizaciam - social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis baTumis komitetis soxumis jgufma, rom-
lis erT-erTi xelmZRvaneli eleonorac iyo, realurad xelSi aiRo qalaq
soxumis mmarTveloba da mefis xelisuflebis TiTqmis yvela struqtura
Caanacvla. amis gamo, 1908 wels pirvelad daapatimres. 1921 wlidan antisabWoTa aralegalur moZraobaSi Caeba.
1925 wels saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis aralegaluri cekas SemadgenlobaSi airCies.
sagangebo komisiam 1926 wels daapatimra da amierkavkasiis farglebidan gaasaxla. 30-ian wlebSi, gadasaxlebidan
dabrunebis Semdeg, kerZo pedagogiur
saqmianobas eweoda. gardacvalebis TariRi ucnobia.
* * *
qristine (Cito) giorgis asuli
SaraSiZe (1887-1973) 1905 wlidan saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis wevri iyo. 1905-1906 wlebSi
tfilisis revoluciur gamosvlebSi
aqtiurad monawileobda da sagazeTo
masalebs amzadebda. saqarTvelos gasabWoebis Semdeg ramdenjerme daapatimres.
misi ojaxi represiebSi moyva. sxvadasxva dros, maswavlebelTa saxlis qarTuli enis kabinetis gamge da saistoriosaeTnografio muzeumis TanamSromeli
iyo. 1941-1964 wlebSi saqarTvelos
saxelmwifo muzeumis xelnawerTa ganyofilebasa da saqarTvelos ssr mecnierebaTa akademiaSi muSaobda. man qarTuli beWdviTi sityvis istoriis Sesaxeb
mniSvnelovani Sromebi moamzada. aseve,
xevisa da samxreT saqarTvelos istoriis gamokvlevebis avtori iyo. IXXIX saukuneebis 1500-ze meti xelnaweri daamuSava da Seiswavla.
* * *
minadora efremis asuli orjonikiZe-toroSeliZe 1873 wlis 14 marts,
sofel RoreSaSi aznauris ojaxSi daibada. quTaisis wminda ninos qalTa
gimnazia daamTavra. am droidan marqsistuli wreebis muSaobaSi erTveba. 1901
wels Jenevis universitetis samedicino fakultetze ganagrZo swavla. qalaqis socialistur wreebSi da `iskris~
damxmare jgufSi aqtiurad muSaobda.
JenevaSi malaqia toroSeliZesTan
iqorwina. 1905 wels TbilisSi dabrunebisTanave revoluciur moZraobaSi
Caeba. minadora wiTel jvarSi da `ara~Si (amerikuli daxmarebis administracia) muSaobda. paralelurad qalTa
aralegalur organizacias xelmZRvanelobda, romelic dapatimrebuli social-demokratebis da federalistebis
ojaxebs exmareboda.
1924 wlis dasawyisSi iZulebiT
moskovSi gaasaxles. mas Semdeg, rac
menSevikur partiaSi muSaobaze uari
Tqva, TbilisSi dabrunda. 1936 wels
minadora orjonikiZe-toroSeliZe daapatimres. man braldebebi uaryo da
Tavi damnaSaved ar cno. 5 wliT yazaxeTSi gadaasaxles, sadac qalaq Cimkentis
poliklinikaSi eqimad muSaobda. 1937
wlis 5 ivniss daapatimres da 8 wliT
Sroma-gasworebis koloniaSi yofna miusajes. misi sasjelis vada 1945 wels
damTavrda, magram samSobloSi dabrunebis ufleba ar misces. TbilisSi 1950
wels Camovida.
rebilitirebulia 1956 wels.
minadora orjonikiZe-toroSeliZe
1967 wlis 19 oqtombers gardaicvala.
13
`iluz
ion
i~
`iluzion
ioni~
`vestsaiduri
kabadonebSi
ambavi~
filmi,
romelSic
wamieradac ki
ar Cndeba
laJvardi ca
oTar sefiaSvili,
saqarTvelos xelovnebis
damsaxurebuli moRvawe
suraTi, romelsac dRes vixilavT,
ukve karga xania mxolod fragmentalurad - nawyvetebiT Tu Cndeboda Cvens
tele-ekranebze.
bevri namdvili istoriuli mniSvnelobis ziari gavxdiT am xnis ganmavlobaSi. gardatexa moxda Cvens SegnebaSic,
Seicvala Cveni damokidebuleba sinamdvilisa da mravali faseulobisadmi,
maT Soris - xelovnebis nawarmoebebisadmic. darwmunebuli var, dRes sul sxva
TvaliT Sexedavs da sruliad gansxvavebuli ganwyobilebiT aRiqvams mayurebeli suraTs, romelsac amjerad gTavazobT, es aris amerikuli filmi-miuzikli - `vestsaiduri ambavi~.
14
Tavis droze, am Janris sxva nimuSebTan dakavSirebiT Cven ukve gvqonia metnaklebad vrceli saubari im mxatvrul
SemoqmedebiT Ziebebze, romlebic mimdinareobda amerikul kinoSi 50-iani wlebisaTvis ukve TavdaRmarT daqanebul
miuziklis ganaxlebisa da aRorZinebisaTvis...
sabednierod, es procesi 1961-Si
dagvirgvinda bevri ramiT novatoruli
da dRemde, albaT, sworupovari - `vestsaiduri ambavis~ SeqmniT. vTqvaT isic,
bedma rom ineba da, miuziklis istoriaSi am axali da naTeli furclis Cawera wilad xvda reJisor robert
uaizs – imxanad ukve 47 wels mitanebul profesionals, romelic, marTalia,
aqamde weliwadSi TiTo, zogjer ki or filmsac iRebda, magram misi SemoqmedebiTi biografiis yvelaze mniSvne-
lovan faqtad rCeboda is, rom igi didi xelovanis - orson uelsis uaxlesi
TanaSemwe iyo kinoxelovnebis istoriaSi niSansveturi film `moqalaqe qeinis~ gadaRebisas.
SegaxsenebT, film `vestsaidur ambavs~ safuZvlad daedo brodveize gaxmaurebuli speqtakli, romelic, sxvaTaSoris, Tavis mxriv, mweral lorenTsis
amave saxelwodebis romanis inscenireba gaxldaT.
miuxedavaT amgvari, Tu SeiZleba
iTqvas, ormagi dasesxebisa, suraTi WeSmaritad maRali xelonebis nawarmoebi gamodga. filmSic, iseve rogorc
speqtaklSi, ZiriTadi gamomsaxvelobiTi saSualebania musika da cekva, magram
rogorc araerTgzis aRgviniSnavs, cekvis
pirobiToba - saerTod - Zalze organuli aRmoCnda ekranuli gamosaxulebis pirobiTobisaTvis da mayurebelmac
imTaviTve, umtkivneulod da bunebrivad aRiqva `vestsaiduri ambis~ Txrobis
uCveuloba, advilad eziara mis TviTmyof samyaros.
bevri mayurebeli Tu kritikosi am
suraTs dRemde uwodebs Tanadroul
`romeo da julietas~. filmSi, marTlac, imTaviTve pirdapir da mkveTrad
aris gacxadebuli misi naTesaoba Seqspiris tragediis maradiul siuJetTan.
TumcaRa, isic naTeli iyo, Tavidanve,
rom es tragikuli kinoreviu gansakuTrebiT axlo idga ara Seqspirul poetikasa da TemebTan, aramed mWidrod
ukavSirdeboda Tanadrouli amerikuli
mwerlobisa da xelovnebis midrekilebebs, maTSi gamJRavnebul tendenciebs.
filmi kino-akademiis 11 nominaciaSi waradgines da aqedan 10-Si gaimarjva,
maT Soris `saukeTeso filmis~ nominaciaSi. sulac ar aris SemTxveviTi,
rom Tavad amerikeli kritikosebi - am
suraTze msjelobisas - ixsenebdnen
keruakis prozas, imJamindel gaxmaurebul filmebs - Sirli qlinqis `mekavSires~, jon kasavitisis - `Crdilebs~.
sagangebod aRniSnavdnen Tanadrouli
amerikuli filmis tragikuli koncefciis gansxvavebas misi Tavwyarosagan.
da marTlac - Tu Seqspiris `romeo
da julietaSi~ sagvareulo mtroba
da SuRli montegebsa da kapuletebs
Soris mxolod fonia, erTgvari sababia veroneli Seyvarebulebis saocari
mijnurobisa da maTi tragikuli aRsasrulisa, - aq, am filmSi, wina planze
iwevs TaobaTa gaTiSulobisa da siZulvilis Temebi.
`vestsaiduri ambavi~ - arc CanafiqriT, arc SesrulebiT - sulac ar
15
hgavs lirikul films siyvarulze.
masSi gadmocemuli da ganzogadebuli
ambavi sagulisxmoa da imavdroulad,
sagrZnobia misi analizis cdac.
es aris ara martoden erTi Seyvarebuli wyvilis, aramed mTeli Taobis
tragedia, - Seuwynareblobis tragedia,
romelic TiTqosda gamrTobi miuziklis formiTaa gamoxatuli, daakvirdiT
- filmSi erTxelac ar Cndeba cis
laJvardi.
amitomacaa, rom suraTis arnaxuli
warmatebis kvlevisas, uwinares yovlisa,
aRniSnavdnen mis socialur mniSvnelobas, siaxloves cxovrebiseul realiebTan, romlebic mxolod amerikisaTvis
ar yofila damaxasiaTebeli.
arc is aris SemTxveviTi, rom `vestsaidur ambavs~, - Tundac isev amerikis
ekranebze, - male mohyva iseTi meamboxe
sulis filmebi, rogoricaa imave Sirli
qlarqis `civi samyaro~, reJisor kormanis - `veluri angelozebi~, Slezingeris
- `SuaRamis kovboi~ da kidev bevri
sxva suraTi, romlebic Tavis droze gasagebi Tu auxsneli mizezebis gamo
- sabWour ekranebze ar yofila davebuli da romlebsac axla videokasetebiT
ecnobian CvenSi kinos moyvarulebi.
SesaZloa, am filmebSi ufro mWaxedacaa wamoWrili, an ufro Rrmadac
ganxiluli Tanadrouli axalgazrdobis problemebi, - (cxadia, aq mxedvelobaSia misaRebi miuziklis Janris Taviseburebebic), - magram isic uTuod
faqtia, rom am meamboxe filmebidan,
zogierTs mainc, ramdenime wliT win
uswrebda `vestsaiduri ambavi~...
am film-miuziklis, - rogorc arcTu unaklo, magram WeSmaritad maRali
xelovnebis nimuSis - gamo, Cven sxva
drosac gveqneba saubari. aRsaniSnavia,
misi ueWveli mxatvrul-novatoruli
Rirsebebic da zog-zogi naklic, rac, umTavresad, - Tavs iCens damtkbar-daSaqrul lirikul scenebSi. amjerad ki,
SeniSnavdiT albaT, gulisyuri gavamaxvile filmis socialur JReradobaze,
mis tragikul mixvedrebze, romlebic
- (vaglax rom) - droiT dadasturda
da marto erTi erisa Tu qveynis wiaRSi
mimdinare procesebis anareklad ar
warmogvidgeba...
amjerad, am rakursSi gavixsenoT
amerikuli filmi-miuzikli `vestsaiduri ambavi~. vfiqrobT, dRes sul
sxvagvarad aRiqmeba es suraTi TaobaTa
tragikul gaTiSulobasa da siZulvilze, filmi, romelSic, - vimeoreb, - erTxelac ar Cndeba cis laJvardi...
https://youtu.be/rI48V8X0lC0
16
17
sarfi dRes Cveni rom aris,
es pavles damsaxurebaa!
daviT galegaSvili:
- am masStabis sazogado moRvawe,
mkvlevari da mecnieri XX saukuneSi
bevri ar gvyolia, magram maT Soris
yvelaze miviwyebuli pavle ingoroyva
gaxlavT. es udidesi mecnieri, Tavisi
cxovrebiTa da moRvaweobiT magaliTia
imisa, Tu rogor SeiZleba, samSoblos
ise emsaxuro, rom imperias, reJims an
sxva nebismier bnel Zalas ZRveni ar
miarTva. saocari memkvidreoba dagvitova, romelic dRes saqarTveloSi sanaxevrodac ki ar aris Seswavlil-Sefasebuli da miT umetes, dafasebuli... ufro metic, am adamianis saxeli dRemde
gariyulia saganmanaTleblo wreebidan.
- rTulia erT interviuSi pavle
ingoroyvas mravalmxrivi moRvaweobis
Sesaxeb yvelaferi iTqvas. misi cxovrebisa da Semoqmedebis mcire, Tumca, metad mniSvnelovan nawilze visaubroT...
- pavle ingoroyva 20 wlisac ar
iyo, roca aRmoaCina, rom is himnografiuli teqstebi, rasac Cven prozad
miviCnevdiT, poezia yofila. X saukunis
sagaloblebis amocnoba misi pirveli
udidesi aRmoCena gaxldaT. 40 wlis
Semdeg man imave teqstebSi wiTeli
SriftiT Cawerili sanoto niSnebic
amoicno. mis mier gaSifruli miqael
18
SeuZlebelia, genialuri pirovneba, misi Semoqmedeba Crdilma dafaros.
SesaZloa, sul male msoflios yuradReba saqarTvelom pavle ingoroyvas
mier xeTuri ieroglifebis gaSifvris faqtis gamo mii pyros... am sakiTxze
mkvlevarisa da mecnieris SviliSvili, gio mgelaZe muSaobs. pavle ingoroyvas
Semoqmedebisa da istoriuli mniSvnelobis damsaxurebis Sesaxeb soflis
meurneobis ministris moadgile, pavle ingoroyvas ori tomis gamomcemeli,
daviT galegaSvili saubrobs, xolo cxovrebiseul epizodebs gio mgelaZe
da SvilTaSvili, Jurnalisti ninia axvlediani ixseneben...
modrekilis krebulis XI saukunis
ramdenime sagalobeli saxelmwifo sagundo kapelas SesrulebiT, sionis sakaTedro taZarSi Caiwera. Caweras uwmindesi da unetaresi efrem meorec daeswro. meore dRes Canaweri pavle ingoroyvas gamosvlis teqstTan erTad, `iuneskoSi~ gaigzavna da 1962 wels mTeli
msoflios gasagonad aJRerda... mis kidev erT mignebas - `Zvel qarTul warmarTul kalendars~ ivane javaxiSvilma
`uaRresad saintereso gzis gamkvlevi
monografia~ uwoda.
- mkvlevris istoriuli Sromebidan
yvelaze mniSvnelovnad `giorgi merCule~ miiCneva. 60-ian wlebSi gamosul
pavle ingoroyvas tomeulebis gamocemisas, `giorgi merCules~ politikuri nawili ar daibeWda...
- `giorgi merCule~ Suqs Cveni is-
toriis yvelaze naklebad Seswavlil
monakveTs - VII-IX saukuneebs hfens.
uamisod rogor iqneboda da, garkveul
wreebSi naSromis mimarT arajansaRi
ganwyoba gaCnda. samSoblodan mowyvetilma grigol robaqiZem Jenevidan das,
lida robaqiZes werili gamougzavna:
`es wigni didi gamarjvebaa, didi. Tavisebureba misi, araCveulebrivi: kiTxulob
mas da xedav: saqarTvelo izrdeba, viTar
cocxali arsi, vrceldeba TandaTan,
mkvidrdeba nelinel, dgindeba, mtkicdeba.
wigni cixe-simagredaa aRmarTuli, iseT
cixe-simagred, romelsac verara Selaxavs da verara aiRebs. amas esec unda
daerTos: am mZlavr xelebSi didi madlicaa~. Zmam lidas aseve miswera, rom
werili pavlesTvis mietana. albaT, gasamxneveblad... pavles baraTidan es adgili amouweria da Seunaxavs. aseve, ro-
baqiZis sxva baraTidan amowerili hqonda amgvari Sefaseba: `gamokvleva pavle
ingoroyvasi `giorgi merCule~ didi
marjia saqarTvelosi~. pavles aseve
Senaxuli hqonda emigraciaSi moRvawe
qarTveli swavlulis, aleqsandre manveliSvilis naweric: `aq avtori gvevlineba, rogorc mecnieri mxedari, romelic
icavs mama-papaTa mier sisxliT morwyul
miwas. da maT gapoxierebul niadagzed
Seqmnil qarTul kulturas, simarTlisa da istoriuli WeSmaritebis safuZvelze...~
albaT, gasakviri aRar aris, ratom
wvavdnen 50-ian wlebSi am wigns afxazi
separatistebis ideuri winaprebi soxumis centrSi. vin icis, ramden ubedurebas ascdeboda saqarTvelo, qveynis xelisuflebaSi myof adamianebs mtkiced
rom daecvaT ingoroyvaseuli principebi afxazeTTan mimarTebaSi.
- rac Seexeba `rusTvelianas~, amaze
ras gvetyviT?
- CemTvis yvelaze Zvirfasi mainc
`rusTvelianaa~, `gansacvifrebeli `rusTveliana~, - rogorc amas nodar dumbaZe
ityoda. Tuki vinmes ainteresebs, vin
iyo sinamdvileSi msoflio poeziis
mwvervalis, `vefxistyaosnis~ avtori,
man swored es naSromi unda waikiTxos.
masSi mocemulia informacia rusTavelis warmoSobis, ojaxis Sesaxeb; aRwerilia misi brZola monRolebis winaaRmdeg, monawileoba koxtasTavis ajanyebaSi; ierusalimis monastrisadmi misi
damsaxureba da filosofiuri Sexedulebebi. am monografiis gamo, sabWoTa
politikurma da samecniero elitam
pavle ingoroyva moralurad gaanadgura. wigni daibeWda, magram igi usafuZvlod iqna uaryofili.
- amis mizezi ra iyo?
- misi TvalsaCino sazogado moRvaweoba. igi iyo xelmomweri damoukideblobis aqtisa, monawile yvela komisiis
(rogorc menSevikuri, ise bolSevikuri), romelic sadao teritoriul sakiTxebs ganixilavda TurqeTTan, somxeTTan, azerbaijanTan.
sabWoTa periodSi, filipe maxaraZis
pirvelkacobisas, pavle ilias pirveli
aTtomeulis gamomcemeli, Jurnalebis
damaarsebeli gaxldaT. aseve, man daaarsa xelnawerTa ganyofileba saxelmwifo muzeumSi, romlis safuZvelzec,
mogvianebiT, xelnawerTa instituti Seiqmna. cnobilia misi dava sergo orjonikiZesTan saqarTvelos teritoriebis
SesanarCuneblad. pavlem da misma megobrebma 20-ian wlebSi mixeil javaxiSvili daxvretas gadaarCines, magram 30-
ianebSi, samwuxarod, es veRar moaxerxes.
swored am `reaqcionerobis~ gamo gamoricxes is mweralTa kavSiridan.
ai, maSindeli oficiozis dokumentic: `pavle ingoroyva gamoricxul
iqna, rogorc aSkara reaqcioneri da
Sovinisti mwerali, romelmac jer kidev antisabWoTa Jurnalis `kavkasionis~ redaqtorobis dros naTlad gamoamJRavna Tavisi reaqcionuri da nacionalisturi saxe... pavle ingoroyva iyo
qarTuli mwerlebis reaqcionuri da
Sovinisturi nawilis organizatori
da xelmZRvanelobda reaqcionur `qarT.
wignis~ gamomcemlobas, romelic warmoadgenda misi xelmZRvanelobis dros
sabWoTa xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg ganwyobil mweralTa TavSesafars~.
1931 wels konstantine gamsaxurdia
daiWires. warmoidgineT, pavle ruseTSi
Cavida da cixis win qarTuli CoxiT
daabijebda... cixis ufrosma Tqva: an
es kacic CasviT, an gamsaxurdia gauSviTo
da konstantine gaaTavisufles. 30-ian
wlebSi anu maSin, roca stalini ukve
Zalauflebis zenitSi iyo, gadawyda,
rom moskovSi qarTuli kulturis
dReebi Catarebuliyo. maSindeli mweralTa kavSiris Tavmjdomaris mier
momzadebuli qarTuli mwerlobis istoria stalins ar moewona da misi
gadawera pavles daevala. pavlem or
RameSi gadawera da gagzavna. orjer
iyo berias kabinetSi, sadac misi dakaveba-ganadgurebis sakiTxi unda gadawyvetiliyo, Tumca, gadarCa. marTalia,
fizikurad ar gaanadgures, magram mudmivad Seviwroebuli iyo.
pavle ingoroyvam sicocxlis bolos ase Seafasa Tavisi samecniero
danatovari - `qarTuli civilizaciis
istoria~. me amas davumatebdi: qarTvel
mecnierTagan pirvelma pavle ingoroyvam SeaRo is karibWe, romlis miRmac
yvelasaTvis ucnobi da uxsovari saqarTvelos warsuli iyo.
- ra wvlili aqvs pavle ingoroyvas aWaris bedis gadawyvetaSi saqarTvelos gasabWoebis Semdeg?
- brest-litovskis zaviT leninma
TurqeTs ruseTis imperiis SemadgenlobaSi myofi teritoriebis nawili,
maT Soris, baTumis olqis miwebi dauTmo. aWarlebisa da general mazniaSvilis gmiruli brZolebis Sedegad, Turqebi gandevnil iqnen baTumidan. magram
TurqeTi zavis pirobebis Sesrulebas
da Sesabamisad, arTvinisa da artaanis
msgavsad baTumis gadacemasac moiTxovda.
sabWoTa ruseTisa da TurqeTis xelisufalTa gadawyvetilebiT Seqmnil
komisiaSi gasabWoebuli saqarTvelos
mxridan axalgazrda mecnieri, 24 wlis
pavle ingoroyva CarTes. man Turqul
teqstSi miakvlia cnobas, rom sasazRvro mdinared gansazRvruli Turqulad
Cawerili sityva - `Coroq~ ara Coloqs
(rogorc amas Turquli mxare amtkicebda), aramed Woroxs niSnavda, romelic gacilebiT ufro samxreTiT mdebareobda. sabolood, sazRvarma am cnobis
mixedviT gaiara. Sedegad ki, aWara dRes
saqarTveloa...
ninia axvlediani,
pavle ingoroyvas SvilTaSvili:
- pavle dedis mxridan Cemi didi
babua iyo. roca dedaCemis dedas mama
gardaecvala, mamis Zmam, pavlem sakuTari
ZmisSvilebi SvilebiviT gazarda. TviTon Svili ar hyavda. marTalia, Tavad
amas aprotestebda, magram ZmisSvilebi
mamas eZaxdnen. 2 wlis viyavi, roca
pavle gardaicvala. saocrebaa da albaT
daujerebeli, magram roca gogebaSvilze,
Cvens saxlSi mivdiodi, kadrad maxsovs,
rogor ejda bebia sawolTan TeTrwvera
pavles da mawons aWmevda. pavles lurji qudi exura.
dedas monaTxrobidan vici pavles
siyvarulis ambavi, ramac is sul sxva
WrilSi damanaxa anu aseT did sazogado moRvawes, adamians, romelmac samSoblos da qarTul enas Seswira mTeli cxovreba, rogori siyvaruli SeZlebia qalis mimarT.
mas qeTevan baqraZe, araCveulebrivi,
ulamazesi, aristokratiuli garegnobis, daxvewili, evropulad moazrovne
qali uyvarda. roca is colad sxvas
gahyva, pavlem sasowarkveTisgan TviTmkvleloba scada: tyvia gulSi isrola.
rTuli warmosadgenia, magram tyvia gulTan gaCerda da pavle gadarCa. is
tyvia ki sicocxlis bolomde ar amoaRebina sxeulidan, siyvarulis niSnad
daitova.
mogvianebiT, qeTo qmars gaSorda
da colad pavles gahyva. samagaliTo da
bednieri col-qmroba hqondaT sicocxlis bolomde. qeTo araCveulebrivi
mTargmneli iyo. man dikensis `devid
koperfildi~ Targmna, romelic erTerT saukeTeso Targmanad miiCneva. qeTom
zustad icoda, vin iyo pavle, vis gverdiT cxovrobda da saocrad afasebda.
- mkacri xasiaTi hqonda?
- dedasgan vici, rom ufro Tbili
iyo, vidre - mkacri. mudmivad saqmeSi
Cafluli, milioni furcliTa da wigniT garSemortymuli... Turme, gamovidoda Tavisi oTaxidan da ikiTxavda: `me
dRes vWame?~ anu Wama mxolod imisTvis
19
sWirdeboda, rom ar waqceuliyo.
vici kidev babuas, guguli mgelaZis
monaTxrobi: `cekas~ mdivani SevardnaZe
ukve Zalian moxuc da skleroziT daavadebul pavles monaxulebas apirebda.
guguli iumoriT gviyveba: Sevdiodi
da `vavarjiSebdi~, - SevardnaZe rom
gkiTxavs, xom araferi gnebavTo? unda
uTxra, rom bina gvWirdebao. erTxelac,
gugulim pavles `gamocda~ mouwyo
da viTom, SevardnaZe iyo, oTaxSi Tavad
Sevida. moikiTxa, gaesaubra da gasvlisas miubrunda: xom araferi gWirdebaTo?
pavlem miixed-moixeda Turme da
Cumad ikiTxa: Cemi siZe aq xom ar ariso? mere ki `SevardnaZes~ uTxra: `saqarTvelos mimixede, saqarTvelos!~. interviuze misuls erTxel Tamaz Cxenkelma
miTxra, sarfi dRes Cveni rom aris, es
pavles damsaxurebaao.
gio mgelaZe,
pavle ingoroyvas SviliSvili:
- 14 wlamde pavlesTan vizrdebodi.
SeiZleba iTqvas, asketurad cxovrobda.
24 saaTidan ocs muSaobaSi atarebda.
mxolod im periodSi Sewyvita saqmianoba, roca misi meuRle avad gaxda.
loginad myofi qeTos movla pavlem
ikisra da is dro sayvarel meuRlesTan
erTad gaatara. maxsovs, uyvarda sityva
`maSasadame~.
xSirad meubneboda: komunistebs ar
daujero, babu, `Julikebi~ ariano... Zalian mZime portfeliT dadioda. avtobusSic ki amoiRebda xolme Tavis furclebs da muSaobda an kiTxulobda...
Tu sadme vinmes dalodeba mouwevda,
dros ar kargavda. axlac ki maocebs
xolme mis wignebSi gakeTebuli SeniSvnebi, nebismier mecnierebaze hqonda Tavisi warmodgena, akeTebda analizs.
pavle nebismieri mTavrobisgan devnili iyo. represiebis periodSi oTxi
weli qeTosTan erTad, meuRlis sofelSi gaatara. albaT, arc undodaT misi
fizikuri ganadgureba, Torem bunebrivia, iq misi migneba ar gauWirdebodaT.
erT ambavs gavixseneb, romelmac didi
STabeWdileba moaxdina Cemze: mesame
klasSi viqnebodi. karze zari darekes.
gavaRe da zRurblTan Zalian maRali
sasuliero piri davinaxe. pavle ikiTxa.
oTaxSi SevuZexi. pavle iwva. es adamiani
meufe aRmoCnda. pavles oTaxSi Sesulma
sawolTan daiCoqa da babuas biblia
gadasca. uTxra, rom patriarqisgan hqonda aseTi kurTxeva. es Zalian emociuri
suraTi gaxldaT...
- paradoqsia, magram pavle ingoroyva
ise gardaicvala, akademikosis xarisxi
ar hqonda...
20
- visac pavles pirovnebasa da cxovrebaze warmodgena aqvs, icis, rom es
faqti misi personisTvis, misi cxovrebis
mrwamsisa da wesisTvis organulia. pavles sakandidatoc ar hqonda daculi.
saxlSi gvaqvs 40-iani wlebis 4
akademikosis wardgineba. konstantine
gamsaxurdiam, galaktionma da gogla
leoniZem waradgines akademikosad, magram
bolSevikebma ar miiRes es winadadeba.
iza orjonikiZem literaturis muzeumSi pavles 85 wlis iubile gamarTa.
miuxedavad imisa, rom iubile araformalurad Catarda, meore dRes iza Tanamdebobidan gaaTavisufles. me veswrebodi am iubiles, sadac im epoqis mniSvnelovani moRvaweebi saocar ambebs ixsenebdnen, aRiarebdnen pavles genialurobas. maSinve gamiCnda kiTxva sakuTar
TavTan: aseT geniosad Tu aRiarebdnen,
ratom aravin mosula masTan saxlSi,
ar ukiTxavs rogor iyo, raze muSaobda?!
ukve SeuZlod gaxldaT, am saRamos
ar daswrebia da yvelaferi me vuambe.
iubileze kako baqraZe gamovida winadadebiT, - pavlesTvis akademikosobis miniWebis moTxovniT akademiasTan transfarantebiT misuliyvnen. maSin rezo TvaraZem Tqva: veTanxmebi kakos, magram dRevandeli saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademia aris ki Rirsi pavle ingoroyva
misi wevri iyoso?!
SeTanxmdnen, rom - ara. kargic aris,
rom akademikosi ar gaxda. misi nebismieri, erTi patara monografiac ki sadoqtoro disertaciaa. regaliebs, statusebs ar hqonda misTvis mniSvneloba.
hoda, imas, rasac ar scnobda, arc flobs.
- sicocxlis bolomde axerxebda
muSaobas?
- bolo 5 weli avad iyo, ver muSaobda. goneba xSirad Ralatobda, magram
me yovelTvis mcnobda... eWvi maqvs, rom
mas ubralod, ufrosebTan urTierToba mobezrda da `vercnobas~ mxolod
imizezebda. erTi TvaliT saerTod ver
xedavda, meoreTi - Zalian cudad. erTxel, mis oTaxSi Sevedi, Suqi avanTe.
sawolSi mjdoms win gadaSlili wigni
edo, - vkiTxulobo. mjera, marTla kiTxulobda, mxolod - ara TvalebiT...
mgonia, rom metafizikuri kontaqti hqonda - xan ioane zosimesTan, xan
rusTavelTan, xan giorgi merCulesTan
urTierTobda...
14 wlis viyavi, roca gardaicvala.
misi dakrZalvis dRes aseve, TviTmfrinavis gatacebisas gardacvlil aeroportis TanamSromlebs krZalavdnen.
umaRles saswavleblebs avtobusebi miayenes da iZulebiT waiyvanes studentebi maT dakrZalvaze mxolod im mizniT,
rom pavles dakrZalvas ar daswrebodnen. neSti mweralTa kavSiridan gamoasvenes. disidenti mwerlebi iTxovdnen,
rom mTawmindaze daekrZalaT. bolSeviki mwerlebi ki ambobdnen, - didubeSi
unda daikrZaloso. bolos, disidentebma moilaparakes: fexiT gamovasvenebT
da mTawmindis asaxvevs rom mivuaxlovdebiT, gavTxriT saflavs da davasaflavebTo.
Tavs ufleba miveci da me, patara
biWi Caverie: marTalia, mTawminda ekuTvnis, magram forma miuRebelia! saTamaSo
xom ar aris, ase ataron-meTqi?! didubis
eklesiaSi, bolos da bolos, Tamar mefes aqvs jvari dawerili. ase rom,
mweralTa kavSiridan pavle fexiT miasvenes didubis eklesiamde. panTeonis
karibWesTan, sasaxles mamakacebi gamoecalnen da qalebi Seudgnen; manamde
aseTi faqti nikoloz baraTaSvilis
gadmosvenebisas moxda.
- bolo dros raze muSaobda?
- xeTur ieroglifebze. rogorc
iciT, man sagaloblebis 60% gaSifra.
es iyo msoflio movlena. vfiqrob,
mxolod mecnieruli logikiT amis
axsna warmoudgenelia. mgonia, rom mas
garkveuli `metafizikuri gasaRebi~
mieca aramaterialuri samyarodan... pavle Tavad ambobda, rom xeTuri ieroglifebi anu kacobriobis mier dRemde waukiTxavi teqstebi amoxsna. am sakiTxebze vmuSaobT. roca sabolood damtkicdeba, es iqneba umniSvnelovanesi saCuqari kacobriobisTvis.
Sorena labaZe
vin mokla mixa xelaSvili?
Carglis sasaflaoze (razikaSvilTa gvaris panTeonSi) luka
razikaSvilis saflavis gverdiT
25 wlis biWis, mixa xelaSvilis
saflavia, Tavisi Zalmosili sityviTa da cxovrebis wesiT sicocxleSive rom iqca legendad.
samwuxarod, bevrma jer kidev
ar icis, rom sayovelTaod cnobili xalxuri leqsi „leqso amogTqom oxero~ mixa xelaSvils ekuTvnis.
ratom gaxda saWiro misi Semoqmedebis gaxalxureba, ratom iyo
akrZaluli misi xseneba, romelma
qarTvelma mweralma gaisvara misi
sisxliT xelebi? gvesaubreba im
pirovnebis Svili, visi wyalobiTac
gadarCa mixa xelaSvilis literaturuli memkvidreoba - Cveni stumaria mwerali gigi xornauli:
- Sua fxovs rom gaivliT, aragvis
xeoba sagrZnoblad viwrovdeba, gza midis gaRma-gamoRma ayudebul frialoebs
Soris. gvxvdeba dasaxlebuli adgilebi da salocavebi, zaris Wala, gogolaurTa, xoSara, laSari, mis mopirdapired Relis, Tamaris salocavia. Relisa
da axadis goris Sua mdinare wawada
miikvlevs gzas. wawadis marjvena napiras miemarTeba axadSi asasvleli biliki. swored am sofel axadSi dabadebula
da gazrdila mixa xelaSvili, ufro
sworad xelaiSvili - mixas winaprebi
xelaiSvilebi iyvnen, mixas mama zurabi
daiwera xelaSvilad.
mixa xelaSvili daibada 1900 wlis
25 ianvars. bednierma zurabma da misma
meuRlem Tamarma xats zvaraki Seswires
Svilis bednierebisTvis. mixam bavSvoba
axadSi gaatara. gamorCeuli bavSvi
yofila garegnobiT, niWierebiT, bavSvobidanve ver itanda daumsaxureblad
sxvis daCagvras da yvelas esarCleboda.
mixas soflis eklesiaSi miuRia dawyebiTi ganaTleba da RvTis msaxuroba
gadauwyvetia. axadidan mixa CargalSi
diakvnad gaamweses. swored aq dauaxlovda vaJa-fSavelas ojaxs. gamorCeulad hyvarebia misi vaJi levani. aqve
gaucnia mezobeli soflidan kawalxeveli vano xornauli, mamaCemi, romelmac
Seinaxa mixa xelaSvilis literaturuli memkvidreoba.
- ratom da rogor iqca soflis
diakvani sazogadoebisTvis saSiS pirovnebad?
- rogorc giTxariT, mixa bavSvobidanve ver itanda vinmes damcirebas da
daCagvras, miuxedavad imisa, rom diakvani
iyo, yvelgan iaraR-asxmuli dadioda.
amaze kidec sayvedurobda barisaxos
mRvdeli, RvTismsaxuri meomariviT ratom dadixaro. amaze mixa RimiliT pasuxobda, - mTiel kacs yovelTvis sWirdeba savaJkaco znesa da saqmeSi iaraRi,
ras merCiT, aravis vuSaveb da aravis
vawuxebo. saerTod, mTieli mowinave
axalgazrdebi, romlebic mixas garSemo iyvnen Sekrebilni, xSirad bWobdnen
ruseT-saqarTvelos urTierTobisa da
mamulis ganTavisuflebis gzebis Sesaxeb. mixa Tavisufal saqarTveloze ocnebobda, radgan is Tavis zne-xasiaTiT
iyo Tavisuflebis moyvare, mebrZoli,
boboqari sulis kaci.
CargalSi cxovrebis dros, mixas
Seuyvarda Cargleli mdidari mecxvaris, focxvera baCiaSvilis umcrosi
qaliSvili deduna, sxvebisgan TvaltanadobiT gamorCeuli, mixas poeziaze
Seyvarebuli gogo.
vaJa-fSavelas mezoblad cxovrobda
dedunas ojaxi. mixam xeli sTxova
dedunas. focxveram uariT gaistumra,
- gogos ymawvilqaloba moimizeza. sinamdvileSi ki, Tavisi ojaxis Sesaferis
sasiZos eZebda. mixas mainc ar dauyria
far-xmali da gadaubirebia kidec dedu-
na, rom mamis Cumad gahyoloda colad,
magram ver mouswriaT daojaxeba, ise
gardacvlila focxvera baCiaSvili.
dedunas mamis dakargvam daabrkola
maTi qorwineba.
Semodgoma iyo, vaJa-fSavelas Svils
- levan razikaSvils komisari kola
jangneliZe estumra milicielebiT. Tanasofleli axalgazrdebi erTmaneTs
ejibrebodnen srolaSi, es ar mowonebia
komisars, - ra srola gagimarTavTo,
usayvedura maspinZels. Sejibreba-garToba gvaqvso, Tavi imarTla levanma.
milicielebma iq axlo myof qalebs,
romlebic cxenebs aZovebdnen, lazRandaroba dauwyes. swored am qalebs gamoesarCla da milicielebs SeekamaTa mixa
xelaSvili. komisari mixas miuxta
da mauzeri waarTva. am dRidan gaxda
mixa xelaSvili milicielebisTvis xalxis mteri. mixa iZulebuli gaxades
tyeSi gasuliyo. mTavrobas erideboda,
Tumca xalxs arafers uSavebda.
swored amave periodSi gaxda mixa
xelaSvili qaquca ColoyaSvilis razmis wevri da qaqucasTvis gamorCeuli
da ndobiT aRWurvili adamiani. Soridan uwevda mixas dedunasTan urTierToba, misTvis Tvalis Sevleba. mas oficialurad col-Svili ar hyolia, magram
dedunam mixasgan gaaCina Tamari, romelsac mamis mzrunveloba da mofereba
ar Rirsebia. mixa WogritiT uyurebda
ojaxs, rom aTasjer awiokebuli ojaxi
kidev ar SeewuxebinaT.
21
qaqucas razmis wevri iyo levan
razikaSvilic, mixasTvis yvelaze sando,
saimedo da Tanamoazre megobari. mwyemsebi da mgzavrebi TviTonve awvdidnen
sarCos, mixa aravis awuxebda. piradi
cxovreba da bedniereba Sors darCa,
Cumi da moparuli gaxda misTvis wuTisoflis lxena da netareba. avtoritetiT, garegnobiT, Zal-RoniT, siswrafiT,
sroliTa da meleqseobiT gamorCeulma mixam Zalauneburad dajabna da daCrdila Carglis axalgazrdoba, amitomac emtereboda mas zogierTi maTgani.
moRalateTa ricxvSi iyo vaJa-fSavelas Svilad cnobili mwerali vaxtang
razikaSvili, romelsac dedunazec daedga Tvali da es garemoebac iyo mixa
xelaSvilis mtrobis mizezi. leqsad
SeuTvala tyidan:
„egre uTxariT vaxtangsa,
xelaSvil dagmdurebia,
Cemgan ra ginda, ras meZeb,
raisTvin mimzirdebia,
icode, iq nu gaivli,
sadac xelais gzebia,
Tavis gvardaviwyebulo
razikaSvili xdebia~.
ratom iyo vaxtang razikaSvili
gvardaviwyebuli, mixasTvis da saerTod,
Carglis sazogadoebisTvis, es calke
Temaa da vfiqrob, sagangebod am Temaze
saubrisTvisac movicliT. icoda mixa
xelaSvilma komunistebi didxans rom
ar acocxlebdnen, vaJa-fSavelas Svilsac
ar apaties Tavisi gimnazieli megobris
qaqucas fSavidan gacileba. mixas ki
aSkara TanamebrZoleobas, iaraRiT xelSi brZolas vin apatiebda.
qaquca ColoyaSvilis saxels Seewira vaJa-fSavelas siZe, ufrosi qaliSvilis, Tamaris qmari - Salva uwukliSvili. mas peterburgis universiteti
hqonda damTavrebuli da brwyinvaled
scodnia germanuli ena.
erTxel, Salva erwodan TianeTSi
midioda cxeniT, ivris piras Tianel
komunist-komkavSirlebs sufra hqoniaT
gaSlili. mouwveviaT Salva da uTqvamT,
- iseTi sadRegrZelo gviTxariT, Cven
rom ara gvqondes daleuli, Wkviani
kaci xar, karg rames ityvio. Salvas
uTqvams, - modi maSin, qaquca ColoyaSvils gaumarjos, vici, Tqven imas arasdros adRegrZelebTo.
meore dResve daupatimrebiaT Salva
da gadaukargavT. mixas uamravjer auwiokes siZe-dis ojaxi sofel afxuSoSi. dedasac mivardnian, gviTxari, sad
aris Seni yaCaRi Svilio. mixas deda,
romelic araerTxel auwiokebiaT, afxuSoSi Svil-siZesTan gaxiznula. dis
22
da siZis ojaxidan yvelaferi wamouRiaT, risi waRebac SeiZleboda, saqoneli
gaurekavT, xolo mixas moxuci deda,
maSin, roca mixas da da siZe ar iyvnen,
wamebaSi SemokvdomiaT - gviTxariT, sad
aris Seni yaCaRi Svilio.
ver bedavdnen Carglelebi mixas
dedis dasaflavebas, mixam gaabedvinaT.
tyidan daunaxavs, safixvnoSi yofilan raRacaze saTaTbirod Sekrebilni,
mivardnila orive xelSi iaraRSemarTuli, deda momikaliT da damarxva aRar
gindaT, damarxeT, rogorc wesia, Torem
gananebTo. Carglelebs yvela wesi dauyenebiaT mixas dedisTvis da saflavic
eklesiasTan gauTxriaT.
saflavSi Casvenebis win mosula
mixa, deda dautiria da wasula. im
imediT movida dedis dakrZalvaze, iqneb
vinmem zurgSi mesroloso. uTqvams kidec viRacas, modi, vesroloTo. viRaca
gasjavrebia, ase sajarod kacis kvlaSi
naSovn fuls RmerTi ar SegvarCenso.
xelaSvilis dasaWerad da xelSi Casagdebad jildo iyo dawesebuli, komunistebma misi megobrebis mosyidva daiwyes.
1925 wlis 25 ianvars yinvisgan
Sewuxebuli mixa daRamebas veRar daeloda da Tavisi Zmadnaficis saxlSi,
romelTanac ficvercxli hqonda naWami,
Sebindebisas misula. luka marcvalaSvils metismetad „gaxarebia~ Zmadnaficis misvla. maSinve xinklis Tadarigs
Sesdgomia da misi meore mkvlelisTvis,
levan garsevaniSvilisTvisac Seutyobinebia, rom mixa masTan iyo.
fSauri wesis Tanaxmad, stumris
piris gaparsva pativiscemad iTvleboda,
es wesi dauyenebia lukas. sxva yvelaferTan erTad, mixa xelaSvili winaTgrZnobis niWiTac gamoirCeoda da darwmunebuli iyo, rom es misi sabediswero
stumroba iyo. uTqvams kidec, guli
migrZnobs, Ralats mipireb, barem yelSi
gamamisvi es samarTebeli, lukav, da aqve damamTavreo.
lukas tirili dauwyia, ris Tqmas
mibedav, rogor vikadreb mag znedacemul
saqmeso. xinklis Wamis dros umata
Rvinis dalevas, rogorc Cans, sakuTar
Tavs amxnevebda sikvdilis molodinSi.
axla vazna miuwvdia levan garsevaniSvilisTvis da uTqvams, - tyvia damkari
da uceb gamaTavebso. viTom imanac Zalian gaixara mixas naxviT, arays aZalebda,
sicivea da gagaTbobso.
gvian gaWra puris arayma, magram,
roca gaWris, dabanguliviT daagdebs
kacs. mTvrali mixa, viTomda meti sifrTxilisTvis, emand moRalateebi mosaklavad ar mosuliyvnen, sabZelSi dauZinebiaT.
marTlac daayenes Tavze maT is aqtivisti komkavSirlebi, romelTac xelaSvilis dedis codva edoT da axla
mixas mokvliTac iyvnen dainteresebulni. luka win gauZRva lampiT, ukan
levani mihyva fexze Semdgari TofiT,
lukam miunaTa, levanma TavSi dahkra.
zogis TqmiT, levans xeli aukankaldao da bolo momentSi iqve myofma, kacis kvlaSi gawafulma komkavSirelma
dahkrao. es komkavSireli ki vaxtang
razikaSvili gaxldaT.
mixas mokvlis ambavi im dRes damales. vaxtangi gaiqca maRaroskarSi
miliciisTvis Sesatyobineblad, meore
dRes Cumad movidnen, yasidad atexes
Turme srola, viTomda, mixa Cven movkaliTo. gamTeniisas Camoitanes misi cxedari da safixvnoSi dades xalxis
saCveneblad da dasaSineblad. Tan iZaxdnen, mokvla ar gvindoda, magram gaqceuls SemTxveviT moxvda tyvia SublSio.
mere cxengamobmul yalze daakres da
iq daagdes miliciis ezoSi.
imdenxans egdo, vidre misma tansac-
melma feri ar dakarga da cxedari ar
gaixrwna, vidre naxevrad SeWmuls miliciam gadagdeba ar daupira. Zmaze
mlocvelma afxuSevelma dam - salomem,
romelic zaza da lela razikaSvilebis bebia gaxlavT, gasaocari simtkiciT cnobilma qalma, sabZelSi gabneuli mixas tvini da sisxli mokrifa da
dedis saflavTan dafla.
saidumlod Cavida duSeTSi Rame.
mixas barisaxoeli megobris, miliciaSi
Camdgari xevsuris daxmarebiT moi para
Zmis cxedari, xurjiniT ahkida cxens
da malviTa da Rame mogzaurobiT aitana
CargalSi da dedis saflavis gverdiT
Tavis tvin-sisxlTan erTad damarxa.
gasaocari damTxvevaa, mixa xelaSvili 1925 wels 25 ianvars mokles, ra
dResac mas 25 weli Seusrulda. gasaocari gambedaobiT gamoirCeoda mixas
saqmeebi, is sabWos SenobaSi Seuvarda
komkavSirlebs, leninis suraTi CamoiRo
kedlidan da fexiT daamtvria. im dros,
roca lenins kacobriobis bednierebis
momtanad da amomaval mzed xatavdnen.
man ki dacinviT dawera da „axali
qriste~ uwoda:
`Sen suraTs „axalo qristev~,
ers Tayvans acemineben,
viT pirvelyofil kerpisTvis
yvelas Tavs axrevineben,
Seni saxelis wignakebs
soflebSi arbenineben,
vinc ar gilocavs, im pirebs,
„CekaSi~ aqnevineben.
marqsistTa saxarebasa
wirvaze asmenineben,
TviTon saxsnilos miirTmev,
sxvebs marxvas aWerineben,
mzazeda svlepen sxvis Sromas,
mSromels ki acqerineben,
Seni mimdevni Sens sityviT
xalxs erTurTs aTelvineben~
mixa xelaSvils daabrales komisar
misriaSvilis sikvdilic, amaze mixam
araCveulebrivi Sedevri dawera, sadac
garkveulia, rom misriaSvilis sikvdilTan mixas saerTo ar hqonia:
„Sens mokvlas me mabraleben,
codvians meZaxiano,
gazafxul rodis dadgeba
SaSxanav agaxmiano,
bevrisa deda vatiro,
bevr uWko davaWkviano,
komunistebis mteri var,
xelaSvils meZaxiano~
- rogorc Cans, komunistebi ar icnobdnen mixas literaturul memkvidreobas, amitomac, gabeda mamaTqvenma vano
xornaulma misi leqsebis Senaxva, Semdeg
ki dabeWdva da gamomzeureba.
- mixa xelaSvilis „leqso, amogTqom
oxero~, pirvelad vaxtang kotetiSvils
Seutania xalxur poeziaSi. es leqsi
misTvis mamaCems, vano xornauls miuwodebia. ra Tqma unda, vaxtang kotetiSvilma icoda, rom leqsi xalxuri ar
iyo, magram imisTvis, rom es Sedevri
da sakuTari Tavi gadaerCina, avtori
Segnebulad ar dausaxelebia. Tumca
didi gambedaoba iyo misi mxridan am
leqsis xalxur poeziad gamocxadeba.
aki, amisTana gabedvebs Seewira kidec
sicocxle vaxtang kotetiSvilisa.
maxsovs, Sinaur stumrianobisas mamaCemi mixa xelaSvilis leqsebs mReroda
fandurze da mis Sesandobarsac Tvalcremliani ambobda. CvenTan ki arasodes
wamoscdenia, rom mixas nawerebi swored
masTan inaxeboda. saxlSi aravin mi povoso, wauRia da erTi didi xis fuRuroSi daumalavs da CvenTan gaavrcela
ambavi, is xe mosadevriania, saSiSi adgilia, eSmakis sabudaria, iq ar gaiaroT,
Torem daixelTebiT, anu gagiJdebiTo.
Cvenc gveSinoda da saTofeze ar vekarebodiT im aremares, sadac Turme mixas
leqsebi inaxeboda.
mixas Tavisi mokvlis wina dRes
disTvis, salome xelaSvilisTvis uTqvams, Tu momkles, Cemi nawerebi vano
xornauls CaabareT, is mimixedavso.
ra ndoba hqonda aseTi 19 wlis biWisa,
ar vici. mamas wamouRia is nawerebi
salomesgan da TviTon rac hqonda saxlSi, isic daumatebia. metad saimedod
SeufuTavs, ise, rom xangrZliv JamTasvlas gauZlo da verc qarma da verc
wvimam veraferi daaklo.
1965 wels mixas qaliSvili, Tamar
xelaSvili, romelic qvemo qedSi iyo
gaTxovili, misula mamaCemTan da uTqvams,
- mamida salomesgan vici, rom mamaCemis
leqsebi Cagibarebia da Tuki sadme gaqvs, gadamawerineo. visTanac ki meguleboda, yvelas komunistebis SiSiT cecxlSi Cauwvavso. mamaCems miuswavlebia
gaRma xeSi, sadac inaxeboda mixas nawerebi da Tan uTqvams Tvalcremlians, iqneb dadges dro da gamocemac moxerxdes, axla ki am ambavs nuravis etyvio.
1961 wels kaxeTSi did folkloristul eqspediciaSi monawileobis
dros pankisSi, Cemi biZaSvilis, goderZi xornaulis ojaxSi aRmovaCine mixa
xelaSvilisa da misi Zmis, pavle xelaSvilis leqsebis rveuli.
gasaidumloebis mizniT pirveli
furceli amoxeuli hqonda, aseve, saidumlod gadmovwereT me da maSin Cemma
sacolem - nana kotetiSvilma. Cemi
biZaSvilis meuRle babale, mixa xelaSvilis naTluli iyo. swored mas uCuqebia es rveuli mixasTvis. ase gavxdi
mixa xelaSvilis literaturuli memkvidreobis gamomqveynebeli da samzeoze
gamomtani. saavtoro uflebac miviRe
mixa xelaSvilis literaturul memkvidreobaze, radgan ukve xelT gvqonda
mixas nawerebi, folkloris ganyofilebis arqivSic movZebneT mixas xalxurad
dabeWdili leqsebic, davukavSirdi baCanas SviliSvilebs, lela da zaza razikaSvilebis ojaxebs, maTi bebia iyo mixa xelaSvilis da - salome.
- ra bedi ewiaT im adamianebs, rogor
gagrZelda maTi cxovrebis gza, vinc
xeli gaisvares mixa xelaSvilis sisxlSi?
- mixa xelaSvilis mkvlels hpirdebodnen iaraRs, samsaxurs, as maneTsa da
yovelgvari gadasaxadisgan ganTavisuflebas, magram mkvlelebi mxolod TofiT
dasaCuqrebulan. Tanac, mxolod levan
garsevaniSvils miuRia kacis kvlaSi
jildo, mets aravis. igi mosisxleebma
mokles imave zafxuls. luka marcvalaSvili gamocdil Zebnils, gogia WiWoSvils mouklavs SiraqSi, taribanaSi.
lukas uTqvams SeiaraRebuli kacisTvis,
vina xaro. gogias upasuxia, mixa var
xelaSvili, movida aRsasrulis dReo.
wamebad iqca vaxtang razikaSvilis
cxovrebac, romelic saocrad daxlarTuli jaWviT aris gadabmuli mixa
xelaSvilis bedTan. yvelaze tragikuli ki is gaxlavT, rom mixas sayvareli
deduna vaxtang razikaSvilis Svilis
dedac gaxda. aRsrulda mixas winaTgrZnoba, „cota xanSia colica, sxvisa
Wirs gaalxinebso~, Tumca Wiric aris
da Wiric!
23
... dedaSeni aris RmerTi!
Sen rom zixar da uyureb,
isic rom giyurebs. Sen rom dedas eZaxi da is Svils geZaxis,
amitom Sen ggonia RmerTi ar
aris? Sen RmerTi vin ggonia?
wverebiani babua?
Rrublebze zis da pirs rom
ibans, wvima modis?
RmerTi ise naTelia, ise axlobeli, ise axlo da ise ubralo, rom rodesac xedav, ar ici
rom RmerTia, amaSia RmerTis
ubedureba, amitom ar swamT RmerTisa. RmerTi rom sxvagan iyos,
Sors Cvengan, calke da maRla,
RmerTi rom CvenSi ar iyos, maSin yvela iwamebda.
amaSia saqme! RmerTi maSin
unda iwamo, RmerTis saxe rom
ar aqvs, rom ar hgavs RmerTs,
rom ar geubneba - `RmerTi varo~,
purs rom giyofs, sadils rom
gikeTebs, tanze rom gacmevs, Tavze rom gaxuravs, giRimis da gefereba, gkocnis da tiris Seni
gulisTvis, kvdeba Seni gulisTvis, civa, wyuria, Sia SenTan
erTad, suls aZlevs eSmaks Seni
gulisTvis, maSin unda iwamo...
aba, RmerTma Tu Tavisi saxe
gaCvena, kedelTan migayena, yuri agiwia da TviTon Tu giTxra
`RmerTi var da miwameo~, maSin
raRad unda RmerTs Seni rwmena?
aseT RmerTs Sen ki ara, yvela
iwamebs. RmerTi maSin unda iwamo, Sen rom ggavs, me rom mgavs,
dedaSens rom hgavs, gasagebia?
- nodar dumbaZe -
24
meoTxe klaseli:
`yvavilebi ukeTesi gamogivida, vidre adamianebi~
meoTxe klaseli:
`saidumlod getyvi, rodesac vxedav martoxela qals,
me Sens magivrad mrcxvenia.”
mesame klaseli:
`me jer patara var, mesame
klasSi vswavlob. codvebi
jer ar maqvs, magram aucileblad meqneba”
meore klaseli:
`gamarjoba RmerTo, rogor
xar? ras Svrebi? rogora saqmeebi janmrTelobasTan?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`Sen Tu samyaros dasasruls moawyob, vin ilocebs
SenTvis?”
mesame klaseli:
`risTvis sji keTil adamianebs?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`adamianebi ise itanjebian
dedamiwaze, nuTu Sens jojoxeTSi uaresia?”
mesame klaseli:
`me Sen ra Tqma unda miyvarxar, magram deda da mama
ufro, xom arauSavs?”
pirvel klaseli:
`SeiZleba rom ar movkvde?”
meore klaseli:
`ai eklesiaSi sanTlebs
rom yidian, Seni biznesia?”
meore klaseli:
`RmerTo sad aris qriste
axla? ras akeTebs?”
mesame klaseli:
`Sen gaqvs goneba, Tu mTlianad sulisgan Sedgebi?”
mesame klaseli:
`pirvel rigSi ra gaakeTa
qristem, rodesac aRsdga?”
meore klaseli:
`ratom maTxovroben Raribebi eklesiasTan - Sen rom
aRniSno, vin misca fuli?”
mesame klaseli:
`ese igi Tu sworad gavige evolucia, Sen jer Seqmeni adami da eva da Semdeg
adamiani warmoiSva maimunisgan xo?”
meore klaseli:
`RmerTo, Tu uflebas mivcem Cemi snikersi CakbiCos es siyvarulia?”
meore klaseli:
`ratom zrdi adamians wle-
skolis moswavleebs daavales werili mieweraT
RmerTisTvis. gTavazobT amonaridebs:
bis ganmavlobaSi da mere bax!
- da is mkvdaria?”
meore klaseli:
`risi gakeTeba SeiZleba
cxovrebaSi, rom dedam ar
mcemos?”
pirveklaseli:
`rogori iyo rodesac jer
araferi ar iyo? magram raRac
xom mainc unda yofiliyo?”
meore klaseli:
`iqneb, SemiZlia ramiT dagexmaro?”
mesame klaseli:
`ratom msurs sul rame
cudi gavakeTo? Sen ase mcdi?”
mesame klaseli:
`ra gagikeTa aseTi mamaCemma,
rom mas sul ar umarTlebs?”
mesame klaseli:
`axla, meored Seqmnidi adamians?”
meore klaseli:
`ra aris rodesac xalxs
ar uyvarxar, da ubralod
eSinia Seni?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`ra iqneboda dedamiwaze,
adams da evas rom ar daerRviaT Seni kanoni vaSlebTan
dakavSirebiT?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`minda vicodi ras apireb,
dedamiwa isev daitboreba Tu
daiwveba?”
mesame klaseli:
`ratom laparakobdnen adre
cxovelebi, exla ki ar SeuZliaT? nu gaixsene, gvelic
ki elaparakeboda evas”
pirveklaseli:
`Sen bednieri xar?”
mesame klaseli:
`ratom Cuqni Sen cxovrebas, xolo misi warTmeva yvelas SeuZlia?”
mesame klaseli:
`ra unda gavukeToT cxovelebs, rom CvenTan erTad moxvdnen samoTxeSi?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`Seni adamiani Seni msgavsi
Seqmeni, da ucxoplaneteli?”
mesame klaseli:
`ise ar mogsvlia? viRac
gesimpaTiureba, is ki Sensken
arc ki iyureba”
meore klaseli:
`rodesac giyvars, ratom
mogwons yvelaferi, erbokvercxic ki?”
meore klaseli:
`ramdenjer Sevcdebi siyvarulSi? samjer ukve aris”
meoTxe klaseli:
`risTvis davibade maxinji?”
meoTxe klaseli:
`me Zalian garcxven?”
mesame klaseli:
`SeiZleba xandaxan dagesizmro?”
meore klaseli:
`mieci janmrTeloba, bedniereba dedas, bebias, aleqsandres da Cems sxva mamebs”
mesame klaseli:
`minda rom axalgazrdobaSi kargad da bednierad vicxovro, moxucebulobaSi marto bednieradac SeiZleba”
meoTxe klaseli:
`gaakeTe ise, rom meore sicocxleSi safrangeTSi biWad davibado”
meoTxe klaseli:
`ar SeiZleba, rodesac vcelqob, ar meCxubon, me xom Cemi mxiarulebisTvis vcelqob”
meoTxe klaseli:
`amboben, rom adamiani sikvdilis Semdeg, viRacis saxiT
brundeba ukan. gTxov minda
viyo Cemi ZaRli, is ki Cems
adgilas iqneba da Cven kvlav
erTad viqnebiT.”
meore klaseli:
`momiwye xangrZlivi da
mxiaruli cxovreba”
mesame klaseli:
`gaaqre Cemi codvebi”
meore klaseli:
`modi SevxvdeT sikvdilamde”
mesame klaseli:
`gaakeTe ise, rom dediko
da mamiko Serigdnen. RmerTo
damexmare”
meore klaseli:
`CemTvis ara, kacobriobisTvis gTxov. gaakeTe ise, rom
yvela 11 wliT ufro didxans
cxovrobdes, vidre uweria”
mesame klaseli:
`nu brazdebiT adamianebze”
meoTxe klaseli:
`RmerTo, pirvelad rom gnaxav, arafers ar gTxov. Sen
ifiqreb - ra morcxvi biWia…
da mersedess maCuqeb”
mesame klaseli:
`Sen dapirdi daicva sustebi, daCagrulebi...…raRac
amas ver vxedav”
mesame klaseli:
`gamogvigzavne dedamiwaze
Seni Svili,…Cven mas jvarze
ar gavakravT”
meoTxe klaseli:
`Zalian minda, rom bavSvTa
saxlidan bavSvebma i povon
kargi mSoblebi”
mesame klaseli:
`gTxov gaakeTe ise, rom
xalxi ar kvdebodes da koRoebi ar iyon”
meore klaseli:
`RmerTo, modi movrigdeT.
me mjera Seni, Sen ki - Cemi”
meoTxe klaseli:
`gadaarCine Cveni sulebi
invalidobisgan”
meore klaseli:
`miSvile da Sen roca daberdebi, Wiqa wyals mogawvdi”
mesame klaseli:
`me gTxovdiT romelime
cxovels, magram Tu Znelia,
fumfula saTamaSozec Tanaxma var”
meore klaseli:
`Cven erTad davdiodiT baRSi, mere pirvel klasSi da
mere man miTxra `Cven sxvadasxvanairi adamianebi varT~.…me
uaresad gavxdi, vidre movkvdi.”
meoTxe klaseli:
`nu ai Cven vswavlobT, vswavlobT…da risTvis? xom mainc movkvdebiT da Cveni codna daikargeba”
meoTxe klaseli:
`meored rodis mova ieso
qriste? xom unda movemzadoT,
Torem igive iqneba, rac pirvelad mosvlisas”
meore klaseli:
`gTxov, momiteve Cemi codvebi. vici, bevri Cavidine, magram ar megona Tu arsebobdi”
meoTxe klaseli:
`SegiZlia Tu ara codvebi mapatio? Tu ara, maSin me
gavagrZeleb codvilobas,
dawynarebuli suliT”
25
aqamde lamaz-lamaz portretebs da
Strixebs, saintereso da ordinalur adamianebs Jurnalisti nanuli cxvediani gvacnobda Cveni Jurnalis mkiTxvelebs. dRes
vecadeT sarke misi misamarTiT Segvebrunebina da axla is gagvecno TqvenTvis.
26
mas ar
did qalaqSi
eSinoda
eSinoda
marto
marto siaruli
siaruli
- foTSi davibade. Cems adreul bavSvobas Savi zRvis sanapiros, paliastomis tbisa da patara mdinare kaparWinas ganumeorebeli surneli asdis. sul
maxsovs Cveni patara, motoriani cisferi navi, romlis kiCozec patara gogos
miyvarda jdoma da axalgazrda mamis
didi imediT paliastomis tbis molivlive talRebSi laRad SeWra. zogjer
vercxlisfrad moelvare kefalebi amoxtebodnen, zogjer gareuli ixvebi gadaufrendnen sivrces, niavs ki torfisa
da laqaSebis ucnauri suni mohqonda.
ninoSvilis ubanSi vcxovrobdiT,
kecxovelis quCaze, did samezoblosTan
erTad. centeraZeebis, gujabiZeebis, beriZeebis, nikoleiSvilebis, nasariZeebis, tikaraZeebis, sarjvelaZeebis, xoStariebis gverdiT, Zalian Tbili rusi, somexi
da ukraineli mezoblebic gvyavda, erT
ojaxad viyaviT, Wiri da lxini saerTo
gvqonda.
gansakuTrebiT miyvarda keTili da
alersiani „wiowia~ iulia, romelic
dilauTenia gadmogvawodebda xolme
aluminis did taStSi Cayril, danamul
qorfa kitrebs, an Tavis naxelav alublis kiselsa da katletebs mogvarTmevda. misi qmari, ZiaZia andrei staroveri
iyo da grZel, WaRara wvers atarebda.
is da misi Tanamorwmuneebi gancalkevebulad moZraobdnen, axlo urTierToba arc hqondaT mezoblebTan. samagierod, Svilebi - TiTqmis Cemi toli,
„Colkiani~ galkaia da misi ufrosi
da, koxta, warmoudgenlad mSvenieri
nina Cveni didi megobrebi iyvnen.
foTidan erTi xnieri kacic damamaxsovrda gansakuTrebulad - vinme RuRuna
kvaracxelia, romelsac yovelTvis xakisferi samxedro kiteli da lurji
galife ecva da virtuozulad daaWenebda lamaz cxens. zogjer mTeli
ZaliT gamoaqanebda Tavis qurans da
vaxtang biZias didi satvirTo avtomanqanis Zaraze Seagdebda, iq ki, yalyze
aRmarTuli cxenis zurgze, gamarjvebis
yiJinas dascemda. mere misi siCauqiT
aRtacebul bavSvebs didsulovnad dagvirigebda jibeebidan gamoRebul xaWapuris mtvrian naWrebsa da mwvane limonebs. ufrosebi ambobdnen, RuRunam omSi
miiRo mwvave kontuzia da mas Semdeg
aris aseo...
xuTi wlis asakSi, Cemi daJinebuli
moTxovniT, viswavle wera-kiTxva, es
mas Semdeg moxda, roca aprilis mzian
dilas davinaxe, rogori JriamuliT
afrialebdnen Cemi ojaxis wevrebi da
mezoblebi fostalionis mier axalmotanil did gazeTs. pirvel gverdze
misi bavSvoba foTidan iwyeba. - paliastomis molivlive talRebidan, mamiseuli patara cisferi saxlidan da didi, kolorituli samezoblodan...
9 wlis iyo, rodesac ojaxi quTaisSi gadasaxlda.
Semdeg iyo warmatebebi skolaSi, mravaljer gaimarjva respublikur
olimpiadebSi... quTaisis saxelmwifo pedagogiuri institutis istoriafilologiis fakultetis, qarTuli enisa da literaturis mimarTulebaze
swavlobda... aqtiurad CaerTo didi qalaqis kulturul cxovrebaSi... skolis ocnebam, Jurnalisti gamxdariyo TavisTavad hpova asruleba... da uZvelesi, yoveldRiuri gazeTis, „quTaisis~ Jurnalisti gaxda. 35 welia quTaisis presis muSakia. axlaxan ki misi wigni „gaxsovs, quTaiso!~ gamovida,
romelsac didi gamoxmaurebebi mohyva.
- nanuli cxvedianis persona...
ucnaurqudiani (Turme - kosmonavtis
skafandriani) axalgazrda kacis foto
iyo dabeWdili. waramara vkiTxulobdi,
ra weria aq, ratom aris yvela ase gaxarebuli-meTqi. magram ufrosebs sad
ecalaT, rom CemTvisac waekiTxaT raime,
mxolod is miTxres, es mocinare lamazi biWi iuri gagarinia, kosmosSi gafrinda xomaldiTo. ai, maSin gadavwyvite,
mec meswavla kiTxva da iuri gagarinis
ambebis gasagebad ufrosebiviT mec gameSala is veeberTela furclebi, Turme
gazeTi rom erqva.
- pirveli SemoqmedebiTi cda...
- meore klasSi damewera pirveli
ubadruki leqsi, romelic mamaCemis mSobliur raWas mivuZRveni. imxanad sergo
kldiaSvilis mogonebebSi amovikiTxe,
rom misi megobrebi Rameebs aTenebdnen
riTmebis ZiebaSi. riTma rac iyo, amas
CemiT mivxvdi: leqss rom gansxvavebuli
daboloebebi hqonda, imiT.
hoda, daviwye saqvelmoqmedo ocneba:
didi rom gavizrdebi, riTmebis wigns
davwer da poetebs aRar dasWirdebaT
Rameebis gaTeneba, Cems wignSi amoikiTxaven maTTvis sasurvel, mzamzareul riT-
mebs-meTqi. sxvaTa Soris, isic megona,
rom poetebi klubebSi, wiTelmaudgadafarebul magidebTan korporaciulad
isxdnen da ase erToblivad qmnidnen
nawarmoebebs.
skolaSi kargad vswavlobdi. imxanad weris dedani iSviaTi saSovneli
iyo da Cemi sayvareli klara maswavlebeli, romlis wiTeli „friadebisa~
da mimzidvelad CaxuWuWebuli xelmoweris mibaZvasac ise gulmodgined vcdilobdi savarjiSo rveulSi, Cemi sufTa weris rveuls nimuSad atanda xolme
bavSvebs.
erTxelac „cudi~ ram SememTxva.
klara maswavlebelma dafaze agvixsna,
rogor ixateba foToli, gadaSlili
an dakecili wigni, mere ki dagvavala,
saxatav rveulebSi is dagvexata, rac
Tavad gvsurda. me gavixsene mezoblis
qorwilSi Soridan danaxuli suraTi
da feradi fanqrebiT, sakmaod operatiulad davxate „cekva qarTuli.~
arc kacis laRad mokecili marjvena muxli damviwyebia, arc - qalis xelebis moZraoba, metic - qalis mkerdisa
da kacis Sarvlis pikanturi naoWebic
27
gamovsaxe. is iyo, xatvas vamTavrebdi,
rom klara maswavleblis Sekivleba
momesma: „uzrdelo Sen! es ra aris, a?
esaa foToli da wigni? amoxie, Cqara,
es saSineleba, Cemma Tvalebma ar dainaxos!~ Tavzardacemuli davemorCile
da mere mTeli ori dRe permanentulad
imis SiSiT vicxovre, gabrazebul maswavlebels mSobeli ar daebarebina skolaSi da Cemi cudi saqcielis Sesaxeb
ar moeyola.
SeiZleba iTqvas, cxovrebaSi pirvel
cenzuras da sisastikes swored am
adreul asakSi gadavawydi.
- quTaisTan pirveli Sexvedra...
- 1965 wlis zafxulSi davtoveT
mamaCemis sakuTari xeliT aSenebuli
patara, cisferi saxli, xexilian-talaveriani ezo, Tvalcremliani mezoblebi
da ori didi satvirTo avtomanqaniT
gamoveSureT quTaisisaken.
papuCia erT-erTi manqanis Zaraze
ijda, rom saojaxo nivTebisa da avejisaTvis yuradReba mieqcia, me da Cemi umcrosi da cicino ki (amJamad saqarTvelos advokatTa asociaciis eTikis komisiis Tavmjdomare cicino cxvediani)
dedikosTan erTad visxediT da gzas
gafarToebuli TvalebiT gavyurebdiT.
arasodes damaviwydeba quTaisTan
pirveli Sexvedra. sicxisagan gaxurebul asfaltze daxeTqil-damskdari
leRvisa da adesis marcvlebis gamabruebeli, aromatuli surneli trialebda,
gadasasvlelze ki Cemi toli Wrelkabiani gogona damoukideblad gadarboda da me Zalian mikvirda, rom mas sul
ar eSinoda aseT did qalaqSi marto
siaruli.
quTaisisa da foTis meSvide saSualo skolebi imxanad damegobrebulebi
iyvnen da me da cicinoc swored aq
Segviyvanes. maxsovs, grZelnawnavebian
da TeTrbafTebian mesameklasel gogos
axali Tanaklaselebi rom Semomexvivnen
da saubari daviwyeT, rogor gamaogna
da SemaZrwuna iman, rom arc erTma maTganma ar icoda, sad iyo TeTri xidi,
TeTri qvebi, oqros Cardaxi - levan
asaTianis, daviT kvicariZisa da zurab
kuxianiZis wignebidan ase rom miyvarda,
Soridan veTayvanebodi da swored maT
gamo momixaroda quTaisisaken cxra
wlis meocnebes.
- moswavleTa sasaxlis xatvis wreSi dadiodiT...
- diax, movida is dRec, roca pirvelad miveaxle Cems sanatrel adgilebs
da metic, maTi daxatvac ki daviwye.
es maSin, roca pionerTa da moswavleTa
sasaxlis xatvis wreSi, Cveni jadoqa-
28
ri pedagogis - aleqsandre togoniZis
xeldasxmiT daviwye xatva da plenerebze siaruli. alioSa maswavlebelma
Cemi kompoziciebis pirveli personaluri gamofenac momiwyo, misi wyalobiT
gavxdi respublikuri saswavlo-SemoqmedebiTi olimpiadis laureati da
medalosanic, mravali di plomisa da
sigelis mflobelic.
pirveli adgili da pirveli xarisxis diplomebi movipove qarTuli weris
respublikur turebzec da, SeiZleba
iTqva, ukve gamoikveTa Cemi profesiuli
orientaciac - an samxatvro akademia,
an Jurnalistikis specialoba Tbilisis
saxelmwifo universitetSi.
samwuxarod, verc erTi! dedaCemi
mwared atirda, 16-17 wlis bavSvi marto
rogor gagiSva TbilisSi, nanua, Cemo
gogoo. hoda, raki mudam viyavi moridebuli da damTmobi ufrosi Svili, davemorCile mSoblis nebas - quTaisSi
davrCi.
- saintereso studentoba gqondaT...
xelnaweri Jurnalis oritomeulis pasuxismgebeli redaqtori iyaviT. aqtiurad eswrebodiT premierebs saxelmwifo dramatul da saopero TeatrebSi,
koncertebs, gamofenebs...
- skolis damTavrebisTanave did
misaReb konkursSi gavimarjve da kidev
12 bednier abiturientTan erTad gavxdi
quTaisis saxelmwifo pedagogiuri institutis istoria-filologiis fakultetis studenti, qarTuli enisa da
literaturis mimarTulebiT.
gvaswavlidnen Zalian kargi profesor-maswavleblebi. erTi maTgani gansakuTrebulad unda davasaxelo - docenti daviT maWavariani, es Zalian mkacri, martosuli, gaucinari, sinamdvileSi ki didsulovani da keTilSobili
kaci! SeiZleba iTqvas, qarTuli enisa
da poli personaluri zmnebis mTel
saidumlos dagvaufla, qarTuli enis
silamazes gvaziara.
meore kursze rom gadavdiodiT, me
zafxulSi damoukideblad davamuSave
Tema - „qvemo raWis metyvelebis Taviseburebani sofel qviSaris mcxovrebTa
magaliTiT da amave soflis toponimika.~
pirvel seqtembers Cemi umkacresi
leqtoris lmobieri mcire Rimilic
davimsaxure da misi verdiqtic: studentTa saenaTmecniero wres meoTxe-mexuTekurseli friadosani, gamorCeuli
studenti ki ara, amieridan Tqven, swored
Tqven uxelmZRvanelebT, meorekurselo
cxvediano!
yurebs ar davujere, magram institutis axalgazrda mweralTa wris xel-
mZRvanelobidan saswrafod rom gamaTavisufles da enaTmecnierebis siRrmiseulad Sesaswavlad gamamweses daviT
maWavarianis didi xaTriTa da pativiscemiT, mere raRas vizamdi.
daiwyo araCveulebrivi studenturi muSaoba - Zalian saintereso TemebiT.
wres mondomebuli momxseneblebic hyavda, mkacri oponentebic da diskusiaSi
monawileTa didi auditoriac. gamovuSviT xelnaweri Jurnalis ori tomic,
romelTa pasuxismgebel redaqtoradac
batonma daviTma me damniSna.
paralelurad, Cveni fakultetis
dekanis, ganaTlebuli da patrioti kacis, petre vaWriZis xelmZRvanelobiT,
aqtiurad davdiodiT premierebze saxelmwifo dramatul da saopero TeatrebSi, koncertebze, gamofenebze, mxatvris
saxelosnoebSi. misive didi Zalisxme-
viT, sxvadasxva dros moviwvieT: murman
lebaniZe, ana kalandaZe, fereidneli qarTvelebi, kidev bevri saintereso adamiani,
rezo inaniSvilTan Sexvedra ki piradad Cemi TaosnobiT da Cemi kurselebis
didi mxardaWeriT Catarda. axlac
gansakuTrebulad vinaxav maSindel fotoebs, rezo inaniSvilis SesaniSnavi
xelnaweri baraTi quTaisis saxelmwifo
istoriul muzeums gadaveci.
- studenti iyaviT, rodesac Tqven
mier dawerili recenzia moiwones…imavdroulad, respublikur literaturul
konkursSi Tqvenma dokumenturma moTxrobamac gaimarjva...
- mesame kursze viyavi, roca reJisorma gogi qavTaraZem mesxiSvilis Teatris
scenaze „didostatis marjvena~ dadga. qandaraze Zlivs viSoveT bileTebi
me da Cemma megobrebma. im RamiT Tvali
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ar momixuWavs, iseTi mZafri STabeWdilebis qveS aRmovCndi saqarTvelos saxalxo artistis, SoTa pirvelis mier
gansaxierebuli farsman sparsiT - am
usamSobloo, martosuli kaciT.
diliT, cxel gulze, gavaSanSale
mozrdili werili da TeatrSi gavugzavne SoTa pirvels. mayureblis TvaliT
vafasebdi speqtaklis reJisuras, samsaxiobo ansambls, scenografias, SoTa
pirvelis mier sruliad gansxvavebulad, sakuTari aqtioruli StrixebiT
uzadod Sesrulebuli portretis sirTules. Tamamad da axalgazrduli daundoblobiT vakritikebdi speqtaklis
zogierTi monawilis zedapirul TamaSs.
axla, am gadasaxedidan, mgoni, zedmetad
metiCara bavSvic viyavi, magram werilma araCveulebrivi Sedegi gamoiRo: meore
dResve SoTa pirveli institutSi mobrZanda Cems gasacnobad, manamde ki, rogorc mogvianebiT Sevityve, Turme partiis
saqalaqo komitetis dargobrivi sferos xelmZRvaneloba Cauyenebia saqmis
kursSi: erTi patara gogo aRmovaCine,
romelsac uyvars Teatri da rogorme
gavzardoT Jurnalistad, vinc Teatrze
dawers. ai, aseTi kadriT unda gadaxalisdes redaqciao. saxalxo artistis
sityva maSin haerSi ki ar ganibneoda.
saswrafod darekes institutSi, damibares qalaqkomSi, magram mesamekurseli rom aRmovCndi, aman gegmebi droebiT
Secvala.
Tumca yvelafer amas uSedegod mainc
ar Cauvlia - maSinve gamiCnda dauZleveli ambicia, rom, diaxac, memuSava JurnalistikaSi da vyofiliyavi qalaqSi
gamomavali uZvelesi, qarTulenovani, yoveldRiuri gazeT „quTaisis~ kargi TanamSromeli. uniWieresi Jurnalistebis,
presaSi Cemi pirveli masawavleblebis
- sergo maRlaferiZisa da ruTa beroZis pirvel sagazeTo davalebebsac (interviuebi, reportaJebi, korespondenciebi) Tavi yovelgvari redaqtirebis
gareSe gavarTvi da erT mSvenier dRes
redaqtorma givi mefisaSvilma xeli
moawera brZanebas, romlis Tanaxmadac,
1979 wlis oqtombridan gazeT „quTaisis~ korespondenti da literaturuli muSaki gavxdi.
ho, amas kidev is uZRoda win, rom
mweralTa kavSirisa da Jurnal „ganTiadis~ mier gamocxadebul respublikur
literaturul konkursSi, romelSic
cnobili mwerlebi monawileobdnen, Cemma
dokumenturma moTxrobam - „me vin damimtvrevs frTebs~ mesame adgili da
fuladi premia moi pova.
- pirveli nabijebi…sabWoTa droSi
30
mogiwiaT. muSaoba…ar giWirdaT?
- ar iyo mTlad advili. magram mTeli yuradReba imaze gadavitane, rac
SeiZleba, saintereso formiT mewera,
kargad Semeswavla Janruli specifika
da amiT mainc Semerbilebina is ideologiuri CarCo, rasac imxanad Cveni
nawerebisagan iTxovdnen. aseve yvelgan
veZebdi saintereso Temebs, respondentebs.
arada, ra dro iyo! etyoba, profesiuli TviTgadarCenis mZlavri instinqti
gamovimuSave da, raRacnairad, gverdi
avuare weris koniunqturul formas.
maxsendeba, rogor damibara erTxel presis saxlSi mjdomma mTavlitma, anu
sabWoTa cenzorma, Taviseburad kargma
adamianma, da „treningi~ Camitara: arasdros gamoiyeno sityvaTSexameba: „gaerTianebuli aviarazmi~, ar axseno sajariso SenaerTis nomeri, saidumlo qarxana „vosxodi~ an „zaria~ da ase Semdeg. ratom? imitom, rom mters informacia ar misce! imitom da imitom!..
aman redaqciaSi mec da Cems TanaTaobel Jurnalistebsac kanonTan Sinagani
sifrTxile da imis SiSiT wera gvaswavla, emand cenzorma ar dagviWras nawerio, faqizad varCevdiT sityvebs, frazebs.…samwuxarod, ase Camogviyalibda
TviTcenzura SigniT, CvenSi.
iyo kidev erTi mZime momenti - masalis Tema da Sinaarsi winaswar unda
SegveTanxmebina ganyofilebis gamgis, pasuxismgebeli mdivnis, an redaqtorisaTvis, radgan, sul advilad SeiZleboda,
redaqcias raRac mizeziT daewunebina,
aRar dabeWdiliyo da Cveni respondentebis winaSe friad uxerxul mdgomareobaSi aRmovCeniliyaviT. dRevandeli
JurnalistebiviT Tavisufali arCevani
ki ar gvqonda!
zogjer Zalian saintereso faqts
operatiulad gadavwydomivar, magram,
zemdgomTan SeTanxmebamde ver damiweria.
am dros xom Tema „civdeba~, emocia
mkrTaldeba, nawers sxivi ekargeba intrigasTan erTad.
- 35 weli imuSaveT quTaisis presaSi, aqedan bolo 15 weli regionuli
damoukidebeli gazeT „postskri ptumis~ redaqtori iyaviT. gaavleT paraleli gasuli saukunis 80-iani wlebisa
da axlandel Jurnalistikas Soris...
- ideologiur CarCoebSi mkacrad
moqceuli, magram SemoqmedebiTad kargad
ganviTarebuli Cveni da ufrosi Taobis
Jurnalistebi did yuradRebas uTmobdnen masalis Janrul mravalferovnebas, siRrmes da sicxades, enisadmi faqiz
damokidebulebas, leqsikas, orTogra-
fias, saTaurebis akademiurobas.
samagierod, axlandelebi Seudarebelni arian wyaroebis moZiebaSi, aseve informaciis werisas mxareebis Seudareblad maRal doneze dabalansebaSi.
marTalia, weris niWi da kultura
dRes iSviaTad aqvs mosawoni vinmes,
magram, samagierod, Jurnalistebis erTian masas - Tanamedrove uaxlesi teqnologiebis moSveliebiT da energiulobiT - operatiulad, TiTqmis faqtis
moxdenisTanave gamoaqvs informacia mkiTxvelis (mayureblis, msmenelis) didi
auditoriis winaSe.
axali media pirdapir saswaulebs
axdens operatiulobis TvalsazrisiT…
Tu adre publicistika yvaoda, axla
niusi meufeobs. adre Jurnalistebi
cotani iyvnen da Tavmdablobis gamo
arc uwodebdnen sakuTar Tavs „Jurnalists~, axla pirveli kursis studentsac Jurnalisti hqvia da did treningebze dadis redaqciis saxeliT. mTavari, rac momwons axali Taobis JurnalistebSi, is aris, rom Tamamad Slian
faqts sainformacio sababis mixedviT
da patara-patara niusebad da siuJetebad anawevreben.
Cven meorexarisxovan detalebsac
ki ver vTmobdiT da, Sedegad, „zewrebs~
vafrialebdiT gazeTis furclebze. Tumca, aqve davZen, rom adre meti pasuxismgebloba iyo sazogadoebis winaSe, faqtebi, citatebi, titulebi, cifrebi mkacrad gadamowmdeboda xolme. kidev erTi:
axla uaxlesi teqnikuri aRWurvilobaa,
rogorc vTqvi, movlenis adgilidan
sul raRac wuTebSi, pirdapir gadmoicema masala, Cven ki wignakebisa da avtokalmebis Taoba varT, xeliT viwerdiT
interviuebs, xeliTve vaqcevdiT statiebad da reportaJebad. piradad me Jurnalisturi saqmianobis meTeqvsmete
welsRa meRirsa diqtofoni.
- rogor daiwera wigni „gaxsovs,
quTaiso?~
- sajaro biblioTekaSi, sadac bolo
sami welia, Zveli gazeTebis bibliografiis Seqmnaze vmuSaob, Zvel kompleqtebs vaTvalierebdi da aRmovaCine, rom
Turme wlebis manZilze Sevxvedrivar
Zalian bevr saintereso adamians da
damiweria mniSvnelovan Temebze. damenana
sadRac-sadRac, Jurnal-gazeTebSi mimobneuli es didi informacia, romelic,
Cemi azriT, sayuradRebo SeiZleboda
yofiliyo axali Taobis mkiTxvelisTvisac.
vifiqre, am aTasobiT werilidan mxolod quTaisTan garkveuli kuTxiT
dakavSirebuli Temebi amomerCia. sul
samasamde portreti, interviu, reportaJi da statia SevarCie, aqedan ki sabolood 150-mde „moviwone~. Cemi wignis
dizaineri, saukeTeso kolega da adamiani,
irma baxutaSvili, lamis xelCarTul
oms micxadebda yoveli „amogdebuli~
masalis gamo, magram mkacri avtori
var. ise, gamonaklisic bevrjer davuSvi - wignSi Sevitane iseTi werilebi,
romlebic maincdamainc ar momwonda,
magram respondentisa Tu Temis gamo
gavxdi „keTili~. wigni sul 660-gverdiania, Seicavs unikalur saarqivo fotomasalas. da sul rom ar movelodi,
iseTi didi gamoxmaureba mohyva quTaisSi.
- 35 wlis ganmavlobaSi kulturis sakiTxebze muSaobdiT da quTaisis
karg meistoried gicnoben. yvelaze metad romel ambavs gaixsenebT axla?
- „kargi meistorie?~ - am Sefasebas,
gulwrfelad vityvi, ar vimsaxureb.
ise ki, vwerdi ekonomikis, politikis
da, gansakuTrebiT, socialur Temebzec,
magram quTaisis bolo aswleulis istoria da kulturis sferoSi mimdinare
ambebi yovelTvis yvelaze metad mainteresebda.
Cems wignSi „gaxsovs, quTaiso?~ albaT, gansakuTrebiT Rirebulia galaktionze,pipinia miqelaZeze,lado asaTianze,
sandro cirekiZeze, Zvel quTaTur ojaxebze mopovebuli dokumenturi masala.
- albaT, iyo reportaJebi, romelic
sxvadasxva mizezis gamo wignSi ar SeitaneT...
- wignSi ar Semitania is reportaJi,
romelic Cems megobarTan, nino ciramuasTan erTad 1980 wlis 5 noembers
movamzade merab berZeniSvilis sabrZolo didebis memorialis gaxsnisas. aTasobiT adamiani Camovida saqarTvelos
yvela kuTxidan, civi, susxiani amindis
miuxedavad, yvela uaRresad bednieri
iyo, radgan aseTma Rrubelmac ver daCrdila masobrivi sixaruli, erovnulobis is sayovelTao gancda, rasac grandiozul stelaze aRmarTuli brinjaos
TmagaSlili deda, mamulisaTvis Sobili misi mozrdili Tu jerac CanasaxSi
myofi Svilebi, qongurebze axmianebuli brinjaos Svidi zari da, rac mTavaria, maradisobidan cxendacxen gamoWrili, wels zemoT SiSveli, dakunTuli mzeWabuki iwvevdnen. mzeWabuks xelT
epyra zeaRmarTuli satevari, romlidanac maradiuli lurji cecxli ifrqveoda. es ar iyo sabWoTa koniunqturiT
gakeTebuli Zegli, es sruliad qarTuli,
didi erovnuli ideisa da Sinaarsis
nawarmoebi gaxldaT.
iciT, kidev ra moxda? lenti rom
31
gaiWra, uTvalavi mtredi auSves caSi
da erT-erTi maTgani marjvenaze daajda merab berZeniSvils. zustad am dros
TiTqos „ca gaixsna~ - Rrublebi gairRva da mzis naTeli sveti daeSva memorialze, romlis Sublzec Svidi sakraluri zari sxvadasxva xmiT wkrialebda!
am Zegls daangrevda moazrovne adamiani? Tanac, axalgazrda dedisa da patara gogonas sicocxlec rom emsxverpla, namdvili damnaSave ki miafuCeCes!
Zalian mtkiva es ambavi da wignSi
Setanas moveride, iqneb damaviwydes rodesme.
siCqaris gamo, wignSi Setanili ara
maqvs kidev erTi saintereso ram. erTxel saqarTvelos saxalxo mxatvarma,
rezo gabriaZis muzam, cnobilma moqandakem da koloritulma kacma, valerian
mizandarma gamomcdeli RimiliT mkiTxa,
Sen Tu ici, mxatvari giorgi maisuraZe
sad aris dakrZalulio? rogor ara,
mwvaneyvavilas mweralTa da sazogado
moRvaweTa panTeonSi, warwerac xom aqvs
saflavs-meTqi. ara, genacvale, saflavis warwera ki aris, magram im qvis
qveS giorgi maisuraZis neSti ar ganisvenebs, carieliao.
didad rom gavioce, batonma valikom
miambo, 50-ian wlebSi, roca panTeoni
oficialurad gaixsna, quTaisis sxvadasxva sasaflaodan gadmoasvenes micvalebulebi. giorgi maisuraZe safiCxiidan wamoiyvanes da, sanam saflavs moawyobdnen, droebiT dafles wminda giorgis eklesiis kedelTan, iq, sadac axla
agurebia amoSenebuli. mere, ratomRac,
aRar Caasvenes am axalgaWril saflavSi
da iqve datoves, warwera ki aris, magram...
vTxove, Cems moswavleebTan - norC
JurnalistebTan erTad amyeviT panTeonSi da maCveneT is adgili, sadac realurad ganisvenebs didi qarTveli mxatvari-meTqi. kio, xalisiT damTanxmda. momdevno dReebSi cudi amindebi iyo, mere
TviTon gaxldaT SeuZlod, kidev raRac
moxda da…uceb... valiko mizandari ar
gardaicvala?!
wlebis manZilze mawvalebs es faqti,
vis ar vkiTxe, vis ar mivmarTe da aravis axsovs. arada, mxolod me xom ar
momiyveboda am istorias! isic sakvirvelia, rom batoni valiko mxatvarTa
organizaciis Tavkaci iyo, Tu aseT
informacias flobda, ratom ar daayena
sakiTxi „zemdgomis~ winaSe? etyoba,
raki mZime reJimi iyo, ar moxerxdeboda
maSin aseTi cudi SemTxvevis gaxmianeba.
- rogoria Tqveni TvaliT danaxuli namdvili quTaisi? ra mogwonT da
32
ra ara? rogor qalaqs isurvebdiT?
- quTaiss aqvs Tavisi Zlieri mistika, maradi suli, romelsac, vfiqrob,
mxolod rezo WeiSvili da rezo gabriaZe Caswvdnen nawarmoebebiT - „musika
qarSi~ da „quTaisi qalaqia~. es aris
Zalian gamorCeuli tradiciebis, cotaoden snoburi sociumis, TviTmyofadi
arqiteqturuli ganaSenianebis qalaqi.
samwuxarod, bolo wlebSi xelisuflebaSi mosulma gaunaTlebelma Cinovnikebma Zlier aur-dauries warsulidan SemorCenili faseulobebi, uxeSad
xelyves tradiciuli kolorituli
arqiteqtura, kulturuli memkvidreobis Zeglebi. magaliTad, operis Teatris morTva-mokazmvisa da saxuravze
raRac Suasaukuneebis romael moqalaqeTa jgufis damontaJebis Semdeg, iqve,
faliaSvilis ZeglTan, daundoblad
moWres istoriuli bulvaris kuTvnili
ori didi xe, raTa „reabilitebuli
Teatris~ sazeimod gasaxsnelad Camosuli saakaSvilisaTvis Ria auditoria
moewyoT da gamoTavisuflebul adgilze skamebi CaedgaT sagangebod SerCeuli sazogadoebisaTvis. es 170 wlis
bulvari erT dros akaki wereTlis,
mamia gurielis, giorgi SarvaSiZis, kirile lorTqifaniZis, daviT kldiaSvilis, niko nikolaZis, giorgi zdanoviC-maisaSvilis, kirile zdaneviCis, dimitri yifianis, rafiel erisTavis, daviT mevelis, vasil amaSukelis, galaktionis, cisferyanwelebisa da sxva gamoCenil adamianTa sulieri savane iyo.
akakis TqmiT, „quTaisis parlamenti~,
anu sazogadoebriv azrTa safixvno gaxldaT, - da dRes iq sxvadasxva usaxuri
nagebobaa Cadgmuli, aswlovan xeebs Soris savali bilikebi - Semcirebuli,
SadrevanTa auzebi da Siga moednebi gafarToebuli, manqanebis sadgomebi ki
- Camosajdom merxebTan uxeSad SemoWrili. gana dro ar aris, quTaisis sakrebulom sagangebo dadgenileba miiRos,
raTa bulvari gadaarCinos xelyofisa
da sxva da sxva dros Tanamdebobebze
moxvedril uRirs adamianTa madisagan?
marto is rad Rirs, rom ukve aRar
arsebobs, moWrilia is istoriuli Wadari, romlis CrdilqveSac kote marjaniSvili, uSangi CxeiZe, Salva RambaSiZe, axalgazrda giorgi SavguliZe da
sxva korifeebi scenisagan Tavisufal
dros idgnen!
siaxle da Tanamedroveoba uTuod
unda Semovides, magram ara - Rirebuli
siZvelis ganadgurebis xarjze?
visurvebdi, qalaqs rodesme hyolodes iseTi xelisufali, vinc quTaisis
mcodne, profesional adamianebs gverdiT
amoiyenebs, Seqmnis sazogadoebriv jgufs
da yoveli axali obieqtis aSenebamde,
Zveli Senobebis dangrevamde, quCebisaTvis saxelebis mikuTvnebamde, memorialuri dafebis gakvramde, masobrivi RonisZiebebis tradiciad gadaqcevamde maT
azrs moismens!
gana SeiZleba, qalaqs hyavdes iseTi
adamianebi, rogoricaa, magaliTad, samuzeumo saqmis didi mcodne da gamocdili gidi guram gegeWkori, mravali
wignis avtori da saarqivo dokumentaciis Seudarebeli mkvlevari, istorikosi merab kezevaZe, ZvelisZveli fotomasalisa da gamocemebis koleqcioneri da quTaisis koloritis faqizi
Semfasebeli, mwerali soso iarRanaSvili, sxva msgavsi profesionalebi da
ar hkiTxo maT rCeva mSobliuri qalaqis sasargeblod?
- Tqven ambobT, rom Tqveni wigni
aris fiqrebi quTaisze. namdvili quTaisi, - rogori iyo da vin qmnida aseT
qalaqs? risi nostalgia gaqvT?
- namdvili quTaisi „xaSlama kacebisa~ da medrove kacunebis miRmaa, mistikis wiaRSia danTqmuli. is arc WiWikiabiWikias ugemovno anekdotebisaa, arc
„Savi gagebis biWebisa~ da arc xelovnurad Seqmnili „qalaqis koloritebis~.
roca vambob, rom quTaiss yovelTvis
hyavda da hyavs gansakuTrebuli sociumi, vgulisxmob iseT adamianebs, rogoric iyvnen: pi pinia miqelaZe, kolia
qvariani, JorJika iaSvili, oTar (meoba)
sulaberiZe, petre Wabukiani, valiko
mizandari, vaxtang giorgaZe, guCa ioseliani, bayuCia (vaxtang) megreliSvili,
amur fxakaZe, aleko kvimsaZe (fiStera),
ilo fotografi, markoziCi (Jora grZeliSvili), oTar qandaria, bernand
(francia) nebieriZe, lili nucubiZe,
ruTa beroZe, nestan kveiZe, petre vaWriZe, rezo javaxaZe da sxva mravali,
yvelas ras CamovTvli!
ai, yovelTvis im quTaisis nostalgia
maqvs, roca egzom faseuli iyo mSobliuri qalaqis siyvaruli da erTguleba, keTilmezobloba, Tanadgoma, sxvisi
azris dafaseba, SesanarCunebeli tradiciis SenarCuneba, cudis - daviwyeba
da gauqmeba.
- Tqvens wignSi araerT karg mweralTanaa interviu, anda masze mogonebaa
gamoqveynebuli romel saubars gamoyofdiT?
- saerTod, TxuTmetamde interviu
maqvs rezo WiSvilTan - sruliad sxvadasxva Temaze. zogjer Tavadac mikavSirdeboda, saTqmeli rom daugrovde-
boda saqveyno sakiTxebze. masTan stumroba, „interviusgareT saubrebi~ kidev
ufro saintereso iyo.
me gansakuTrebiT movigonebdi 2008
wlis mwifobisTvis 20-s, roca batonma
rezom Tavisi romanidan „askilis wiTeli yvavili~ SerCeuli 340-349 gverdebi xmamaRla wamikiTxa da avtoriseuli
kiTxvis ganumeorebel fenomens maziara.
maSin miTxra, rom duglas (ia) xeiZis
prototi pi soliko xabeiSvilia, misi
dRiurebi waukiTxavs da iqidan bevri
fsiqologiuri niuansi wamouRia. Cems
SekiTxvaze - weris dros sakuTar gamonaTqvamebze, groteskul da iumoristul
pasaJebze Tavad Tu gecinebaT-meTqi, man
ubralod mipasuxa: ufro xSirad vtirio.
aseve axlo urTieToba mqonda otia
ioselianTan. rogor vnanob, rom redaqciaSi misi xSiri stumrobisas diqtofons ar vrTavdi xolme. araCveulebrivi mTxrobeli iyo, dinji, keTilganwyobili, gawonasworebuli. iseTi mkacri,
gamqirdavi da „dialeqtze mosaubre~
ki ara, sazogadoebas rom hgonia. misi
mosmenis Semdeg mrCeboda uzarmazari
STabeWdilebebi, mwerlis WiqaSi bolomde Seusmelad datovebuli uSaqro
yava da nikotiniT erTianad gaJRenTili
samuSao oTaxi.
me ar vewevi, amitom saferfle arc
mqonda da wyaltubos redaqtoris mier
naCuqar, romeliRac karstTan napovn
jamisebr qvas mivarTmevdi xolme. axlac
Senaxuli maqvs es relikvia, zed batoni
otias sigaretebis namwvavebia dasresili.
- quTaisi „cisferyanwelebis~ qalaqia. ramdenad axsovs es Tavad qalaqs?
- mkrTalad! - vTqvaT simarTle. am
bolo dros fondis „cisferyanwelTa
xsovnisaTvis~ xelmZRvanelma, qalbatonma nino CxikviSvilma Tbilisidan
gamoacocxla Cveni qalaqi, „Seawuxa~
quTaisis meria da, Sesabamisad, amaTi
finansuri mxardaWeriT Catarda kidec
„cisferyanwelTa~ kargi saRamo - speqtaklebi, memorialuri dafebi gaukeTda paolosa da kolaus mamiseul saxlebs, gamoica unikaluri fotoalbomi.
magram es, vfiqrob, jer kidev cotaa.
iqneb, isev qalbatonma ninom iaqtiuros da oficialurad daayenos erTi
sakiTxic, romelzec me 90-ani wlebidan uSedegod vwer da Cems wignSic
aris Setanili araerTi saintereso
dokumenturi masala. mokled, iqneb daadges saSveli saflavdakarguli „cisferyanwelis~, „qarTuli prozis batoniSvilis~, uniWieresi mwerlisa da
gamomcemlis, sandro cirekiZis saxelis
darqmevas quTaisis romelime quCisaTvis.
- survili, romelic ar agisruldaT...
- ver daibeWda Cemi ideiT da Cem
mier Sedgenil-dawerili, Cemive redaqtorobiT Sekruli, a-5 formatis, 700gverdiani, samenovani, uxvad ilustrirebuli enciklopedia „imereTi~. gamomcemloba „postskri ptumis~ dakveTiT,
ori weli vimuSave aTasobiT informaciaze, kidev ori weli - guram wibaxaSvilTan da irine abJandaZesTan erTad,
fotogadaRebebisaTvis, fexdafex Semoviare imereTis yvela raioni da TiTqmis
yvela sofeli. iyo umZimesi, urTulesi da Zalian saintereso samuSao, magram mTeli Cveni naSromi wyalSi Caiyara. daufinanseblobis gamo es proeqti
aRar (an veRar) ganxorcielda.
- samomavlod ras apirebT?
- ara maqvs didad ambiciuri gegmebi,
albaT, sajaro biblioTekis ramdenime
TanamSromelTan erTad Zveli gazeTebis kvlevas ganvagrZob, Tan, paralelurad, axali JurnalisaTvis davwer statiebs - mainc ver veSvebi Jurnalistikas. kidev erT Temas saidumlod davtoveb - ise, intrigisaTvis...
esaubra
Tamar SaiSmelaSvili
33
amerikaSi:
niu-iorkSi:
164 Brighton 11 St.
Brooklyn NY 11235
Tel: 718-934-1700
Alt: 347-500-5037
Tel: 201-333-5555
www.barami.us
niu-jersSi:
84 Harbor Drive,
Jersey City, NJ 07305
Tel: 201-333-5555
delavareSi:
4 Lewis circle
Wilmington, DE 19804
302-930-0705
filialebi:
Tbilisi
quTaisi
rusTavi
baTumi
gori
bolnisi
Telavi
marneuli
amanaTebi
4-5 samuSao dReSi
aSS-dan saqarTveloSi
erTi paunti - 2.50$-dan;
amanaTebis gamogzavna
saqarTvelodan
avtomobilebis
yidva-gayidva
saqarTvelosa da amerikaSi;
avtomobilis, komerciuli
da piradi tvirTis
Sida gadazidvebi
aSS-Si.
www.barami.us
Cvens saitze
daregistrirebiT Tqven gagiadvildebaT:
- kredit-kartiT gadaxda;
- amanaTis statusis Semowmeba;
- amanaTis adgilidan aRebis SekveTa
www.barami.us
www.baramicar.com
www.facebook.com/Barami.us
34
cf,f
romani-epopea
abrundebiani
saukune
pirveli kamara
Jurnalis wina nomridan daviwyeT
dabeWdva emigraciaSi Seqmnili am qarTuli romanisa, romelic `mamulis~ mkiTxvelebisaTvis eqskluzivia, radgan
ibeWdeba wignad gamocemamde ki ara, aramed weris dasrulebamde - romanis
mxolod sami tomia dasrulebulia.
rat
om saba?
ratom
mxolod imitom, rom erTxel da samudamod gaqarwyldes miTi evropis ugulobisa. erTxel da samudamod unda daingres miTi `alodines da meTxuTmete
kacad Sevida~...
evropa, marTalia almacerad gviyurebda da daviwyebulic vyavdiT, magram
rafinireba aZlevda imis saSualebas,
rom efiqra mainc yovel winadadebaze
siRrmiseulad.
swored imitom saba, rom kargad gavaanalizoT, axla mainc, Cveni orientiri. danarCeni romanis furclebze...
nikifore irbaxi kristoforo de kastelis
albomidan
35
kargad icoda rostom mefem, Tu saidan moxvda
es ucnauri kaci levanis sasaxleSi. TviTonac araerTxel Sexvedria mas da yvelafris miuxedavad es
megreli jvris mama, rogorc mas odiSelni uwodebdnen, bolomde gamoucnobi darCenila ispaaneli yularaRasisTvis da qarTlis mefisaTvis. nikifores levanTan gamoCenam da levanis Sors mimavalma miznebma
metismetad daafiqra rostomi:
levanisTvis brmad xelis Sewyoba ar SeiZleboda.
man foTis mitacebiT da ruxis cixe-qalaqis
aSenebiT, marTalia, sparseTs zRvaze gasasvleli
gauxsna, magram amiT iribad safrTxe TviT qarTlis
taxtsac daemuqreboda axlo momavalSi da colisZmisTvis imereTis ganadgurebaSi xelis Sewyoba
TviTmkvlelobis tol-fasi iqneboda. amitom saidumlo molaparakeba osmaleTTan gamarTa. amis Sesaxeb
arc sparseTs gaugia araferi da arc odiSs, miT
umetes imereTs. am molaparakebis Sedegad agrZnobines levans, SeCerebuliyo, gamanadgurebeli dartyma
ar mieyenebina quTaiTisisTvis.
levanis gegmebi xom im ucnauri nikifores TavSi
ixarSeboda.
evropam sxvanairad gadaubruna tvini nikolozyofil nikifores.
gana cotaa rva wlidan izrdeboda kaTolikur samyaroSi.
roca saqarTveloSi Camovida, Teimurazi gverdidan
ar icilebda, misi azrebiT sazrdoobda. romis papebsa
da kardinalebSi gamozrdili bavSvi iveriaSi evropelad Camovida. yvelafris mimarT Taviseburi Sexeduleba gaaCnda. erTi rac iyo, qarTuli ena ar
hqonda daviwyebuli. TumcaRa Tavi gamoWedili hqonda
nikolo makiavelis moZRvrebiT, martin luTerisa
da Jan kalvinis msoflWvretas upirispirebda ignasio
loiolas qmediT nabijebs, sazrdoobda horaciusis
naazreviT da kiTxulobda Seqspiris pirvel beWdur
gamocemebs. gasigrZeganebuli hqonda qristefore
kolumbisa da fernando magelanis Soreul mogzaurobaTa raoba.
erTis sityviT,
nikifore irbaxi aRar iyo martoden qarTveli,
an gaevropelebuli kaTolike beri,
igi msoflio kaci iyo...
aseTebis dro modioda.
galileo galileis leqciebsac daswrebia Zmaabatebisgan uCumrad. mecnieris sityvebma, romliTac
man Tavis auditorias mimarTa „varskvlavebi Tqvens Rirsebebze metyvelebeno,” mTeli misi cxovrebis Sinaarsi wamarTa. am damatyvevari leqciis Semdeg sruliad gansxvavebulad
daakvirda cis kabadons, piradad galileisgan SeiZina
36
kompasi da gamyidvelisganve iswavla misi xmarebis
wesi. am isedac ucnaur kacs frTebi esxmeboda;
bevri ram hqonda gagonili galileis kvlevebze idumal esaubreboda mcirericxovan auditorias
moazrovne Tavis axal Teoriaze samyaros heliocentruli sistemis Sesaxeb. sagangebod afrTxilebda
Tavis laboratoriaSi Sekrebil sando msmenelebs:
- arsad gaamxiloT amis Sesaxebo.
arc gaumxelia nikifore irbaxs evropaSi aravisTan galileisTan urTierToba, mecniers ar Seuqmnida
safrTxes mxilebiT.
nikifores xelT iyo msoflios garSemo oTxgzis
gadacurvis sakacobrio gamocdileba.
gulisyuriT adevnebda Tvals jordano brunos
sasamarTlo procesebs; es sasamarTlo ganxilvebi
dasrulda Tu ara, kongregaciam damnaSaved scno
dominikeli beri, romlis gadawyvetilebasac mxari
dauWira papma da gadasca igi sainkvizicio tribunals. manac Tavis mxriv daadgina, rom Zmai jordani
gamousworebeli da mounaniebeli eretikosia da
amitom koconze dawviT unda daisajoso.
marTlac, Tebervlis erT susxian dRes Sua
romSi navonis piacasa da palaco farnezes naxevargzaze kampo del’fioris moedanze, romelsac TargmanebiT yvavilTa veli hqvia, koconze daswves epoqis
moazrovne.
msoflio istoriasTan erTad sikvdiliT dasjis
am ceremonials Rrmnad dafiqrebuli uyurebda da
xedavda TxuTmeti wlis ymawvili tomiTa da modgmiT
ucxoeli, rwmeniT qristiani, marTlmadideblobasa
da kaTolikobas Soris gaxiduli. am dRem suliT
xorcamde SesZra nikifore irbaxi, qarTvelobaSi
nikoloz ColoyaSvil-irrubaqiZe.
yvelafris miuxedavad misi SegnebisTvis xeli
ar SeuSlia am movlenebs, raTa berad Semdgariyo
da Tavi uflisTvis daeTmo. swored berad Sedgomis
Semdeg saeriskaco saxeli nikolozi nikifored
gardasaxa.
es romis wmida basilis berZnul eklesiaSi
moxda, sul male politikuri miznebis gamo marTlmadidebloba kaTolikobiT Secvala da kliment VIII-s
ewvia, raTa eTxova misTvis Sewevna iveriisa da mefe Teimurazisa. saerTod, nikiforesaTvis religia
warmoadgenda miznis miRwevis erT-erT umTavres
saSualebas da misi saxesxvaoba did sirTules ar
warmoadgenda. mTavari iyo, saWiroebis aucilebloba
da igi mzad iyo araTu qristianoba, saerTod RvTismosaobac daeTmo.
nikiforesTvis Tu mniSvnelovani iyo wmida Tavdadebis magaliTebi, aranakleb mniSvnelovani iyo Tavis
gadarCenis maradi instinqti, romelic bolos Cve-
vad gadaeqca da igi yovelTvis cocxali gamodioda
nebismieri xifaTisgan. sarwmunoebrivi cvlilebebi
mas did codnas avalebda im sarwmunoebisa, romelsac
igi Rebulobda da imdenad did codnas, rom misi
meTaurebi daerwmunebina imaSi, rom igi es-esaa Seudga
WeSmarit rwmenas. Tanamosaubre bolomde verasdros
igebda, ra iyo nikiforesTvis WeSmariteba. misnair
xalxs evropaSi koconze wvavdnen, sparseTSi Tavs
Wridnen, iveriaSi Tvalebs Txridnen, an gankveTis
sasjels adebdnen. nikifore ki yovelTvis Tavis
simaRleze idga da am simaRlis xelovnurad momatebas ar cdilobda, radgan icoda mefeTa da mRvdelTmTavarTa zne-Cveulebani. isic kargad uwyoda, misnair adamianebs ras uwodebdnen evropaSi, muslimanur
qveynebsa da TviT saqarTveloSi.
pirvelTaTvis nikifore eretikosi iqneboda,
meoreTaTvis derviSi,
mesameTaTvis gandgomili da meroWike beris anaforaSi gadacmuli ucxo qveynebidan Semogzavnili
jaSuSi.
nikifore im xalxis wreSi trialebda, vinc sakacobrio istorias qmnida, mefe iqneboda es, papi
da kardinali, Tu mecnieri da sazogadoebisTvis
saSiSi pirovneba. igi arc erT maTganTan ar Takilobda urTierTobas. igi arasodes ar flidobda da
arc TvalTmaqcobda aravisTan, mxolod sakuTar
Tavs warmoaCenda gansakuTrebuli mzeris fokusidan
da mefeebi da papebi mas Tavidan mxolod imitom
ar icilebdnen, rom surdaT bolomde amoecnoT es
amoucnobi adamiani. amasobaSi ki nikifore Tavis
saqmes pirnaTlad asrulebda. unda iTqvas isic,
rom mas piradi saqme arasodes hqonia, garda patronis
davalebisa, xolo am patrons TviTon irCevda.
es patroni ki jer Teimuraz kaxTa mefe iyo,
Semdeg ki levan dadiani.
sxva patroni mas arasodes hyolia. arada, yvelas
ise aCvenebda Tavs, TiTqos is „yvela“ iyo misi erTaderTi mfarveli da keTilismyofeli. aravis ar
epirfereboda, yovelTvis imas axlida pirSi yvela
Zliers ama soflisas, rasac fiqrobda, Tundac es
maTTvis mware da arasasiamovno mosasmeni yofiliyo.
patronTa garda igi aravis uyvarda, arc eSinodaT,
mxolod ufrTxodnen da misgan rac SeiZleba Sors
iWerdnen Tavs, es TviTon nikifore ar anebebda
Tavs, isinic verasgziT ver usxltebodnen xelidan,
radgan nikifore iseT xlarTebs xlarTavda, rom
igi saWiro pirovneba xdeboda „ZlierTa ama soflisaTa“-sTvis.
isinic eZebdnen mas,
Tan gaurbodnen,
magram mainc eZebdnen.
nikiforem sakuTari Tavisgan erTgvari sivrce
Seqmna, romelic Tan dahqonda kusaviT. dacarielebul
sivrces ki verafriT avsebdnen, Tu ara iseve nikifore
da misi personis atana. igi zedmets aravis arasfers
Txovda. arc gavlenas ewafeboda da arc pativdidebas. gavlena TavisiT modioda. sasaxleTa kuluarebSi
mudamJams cdilobdnen, xelSi CaegdoT es ucnauri
kaci, igi ki yovelTvis mouxelTebeli rCeboda maTTvis. kargad icoda nikiforem, elitasTan rom gaeba TamaSebi, aucileblad daRupavdnen da im oqros
wonasworobas daakargvinebdnen
riTac ase momxiblavia,
riTac ase saWiroa,
riTac ase aucilebelia
nikifore irbaxi.
amitom mis nacnobTa siaSi ar ewera didgvarovnebi. iyvnen ki saxelmwifoTa umaRlesi da umdablesi warmomadgenlebi. kontrasti uaRresia iseTive,
rogoric TviTon nikiforea.
jer kidev ymawvilma gamoimuSava iseTi Tviseba,
romliTac sakuTari Tavis aSkara upiratesobas
agrZnobinebda yvela garSemo myofT ise, rom es gamaRizianebeli ar yofiliyo, ra Tqma unda, garkveul
dromde. es garkveuli dro misTvis saWiro iyo
imisTvis, rom gascloda iqaurobas, sadac im wuTs
imyofeboda. ase iyo:
swavlis dros yvelanairad cdilobda codnoda
pedagogebze meti, xolo droTa ganmavlobaSi galileis gavlenis wyalobiT cdilobda scodnoda iseTi
ram, rac aravin icoda. am ukanasknelis ganxorcielebas xels uSlida, arc meti da arc naklebi, saqarTvelo da misi savalalo bed-iRbali, masze zrunva da misTvis Tavdadeba.
swored ganaTlebis srulyofis gzaze myofs
mouswro Teimurazis ustarma, romliTac kaxTa mefe
sTxovda saqarTveloSi dabrunebas. manac Tadarigi
daiWira da romis papTan iTxova audiencia. Sexvedraze paps ganucxada, rom igi iveriaSi unda dabrunebuliyo. papma pavle V-m SesTavaza nikifores padre gvilelmosTan erTad wasuliyo.
Tanac dasZina papma:
- padre Tavgadasavlebis moyvarulia da vidre
Cven Semogvakvdeba xelSi, Sen waiyvane Tan, iqneb
osmalos isarma miewios, an sparsis xrmalma daaokos,
an sulac iberTa Soris kinklaobisas SuaSi Camdgars
aqedan erTi muSti moxvdes, iqidan - meore da amiT
gonsmosuli dagvibrundes an cocxali, an mkvdario.
- keTili da patiosanio, - daTanxmda nikifore
pontifikoss.
da marTlac,
konstantinopol-yofili istanbulis gavliT Se-
37
movidnen qarTvelTa qveyanaSi nikifore da gvilelmo
da ewvien mefe Teimurazs. nikifore CasvlisTanave
karis moZRvrad akurTxes, padrem ki samisionero
saqmianoba daiwyo. romidan Camosuli moZRvari imTaviTve eucxova qarTvelobas, erTi xani TviT mefec
ki nanobda:
- ratom vixme nikifore kaxeTso. yofiliyo
romsa da florenciaSi, genuasa da veneciaSi da
efilosofosa iq da aq mis gareSe gacilebiT wynarad
viqnebodiTo.
magram TviTonac piitikosma Zalian male auRo
alRo am ucnaur kacs. nikifore acnobda sparseTosmaleTTan omSi mijaWvul patrons msoflioSi
mimdinare siaxleebs. Teimurazi erTi xani ar ijerebda bevr rames, magram rodesac nikiforem galileis
kompasi uCvena da misi gamoyenebis wesi gaacno mefe dafiqrda da meti gulisyuri aTxova Tavis erTgul qveSevrdoms.
sul cota xanSi rCevebisTvisac ibarebda TavisTan, raTa moesmina gasaocari sazrisi Tavisi moZRvrisa. nikifore iyo is, vinac urCia Teimurazs, abasTan
mtroba-moyvrobas masTan saqmiani urTierToba jobso.
- mivceT pontosze gasasvleli, amis gamo Cven
saWiro viqnebiT misTvis da Cvens SeWmaze ar iocnebebs da vinc ki mogvindomebs avs, TviTon dagvicavs
Tavisi kaciWamiebiTo. gadamtereba, Tundac damoyvreba
ki msxverplis miaxlovebaa lomTan da meti araferio.
- rogor moaxerxeb amaso, - hkiTxa mefem.
CaeRima nikifores.
- levan dadiani xom naTesavad gekuTvniso?” hkiTxa moZRvarma.
Teimurazmac daudastura.
- ese igi masTan molaparakeba ar gagviWirdeba,
igi osmalebs unda davapirispiroT, isedac ar unda
iyos odiSi osmalos moyvaruli da madlieri.
xeli Caiqnia mefem:
- levani ymawvilia, jer xeirianadac ver gamefebula odiSs, vinZlo gurielebma da imerelma bagrationebma taxti waarTvano.
- arxeinad iyavi, mefev batono, - mxarze daado
xeli nikiforem, - levani is kaci araa, vinmes rom
daaCagvrinos Tavi. or-samjer var Senaxvedri mTavarTan da imTaviTve Sevicani masSi Zala daviTiseuli.
mas xeli unda SevuwyoT da lixs iqiTa saqarTvelo
mis ferxTiT iqneba garTxmuli.
- kargi, davuSvaT levanTan yvelaferi ise iqna,
rogoradac brZaneo, - Seawyvetina Teimurazma nikifores msjeloba, - ai, aqeT, lixs aqeT ra vqnaT?
- esec iolad gadasawyveti saqmea. SeirTe luarsabis dai colad, es is iqneba, rac Saabasis SemTxvevaSi giTxari msxverplis moaxloebisa.
38
- msxverplis moaxloebisa? - gaukvirda Teimurazs da am sityvam egzom daafiqra.
- diax, mefev batono, moaxloebisa. Sen gza gagexsneba qarTlis xelSi Casagdebad. mere erTi
mtkice, gadamwyveti da swori nabiji da Sen qarTlkaxeTis mefe gaxdebi. ukan momadlierebuli da moqrTamuli abasi, win galaRebuli levani maTi damakavSirebeli erTmaneTTan Sen iqnebi mxolod. abasi
angariSs gagiwevs zRvaze gasasvlelis dakargvis
SiSiT, levani abasis SiSiT verras getyvis siauges.
sparseTisTvis odiSis miwaze fexis dadgma imas
niSnavs, rom igi osmaleTis zurgSi aRmoCndes. mada
ar gaezrdeba Sahs, metismetad Sorsaa odiSi sparseTisgan, da mitom. odiSic, gamxnevebuli amaT mokavSired gaixdis abass osmalosTan brZolaSi. Sen ki
am TamaSSi uCinari iqnebi, amasTanave mTavari moTamaSe
da yvelasi da yvelafris warmmarTveli. bolos
levansac davaTmobinebT imereTis taxts, radgan
gorgaslian-daviTiani saqarTvelos patroni odiTgan
bagratovanni yofilan... levans ki Tavis samTvaros
xeluxleblad davutovebT sabatonod. erTiani saqarTvelos mefis morCilebis ficiT. saqarTvelos
mTianeTi ki mudam imaTi moimede iyo, vinc barSi batonobdao.
xangrZlivi pauzis Semdeg mefem nikifores uTxra:
- lamazad laparakob, Rirso mamao, magram erTob
sarTulo sakiTxebs exebi da SeiZleba ise ar warimarTos saqmeebi, rogorc Sen dagegme. mere xom
mTlad dagvemxoba Tavze mTeli samefo.
- Sen neba gamoTqvi amisi da danarCens nabij-nabij me Segasrulebineb ise, rom me arc ki gamovCndebi...
- raTa me dambraldes yvelaferio? - CaeRima
Teimurazs.
- ara, ratom dasabraleblad. saamayod da matianeSi Casawerad, rom Teimuraz I-ma kaxTa mefem daviTisdari saqme gaakeTa da aRmatebulic. or mterTa
Soris myofma eri gaaerTian da aRadgina qveynis
siZliereo.
- ratom xar ase darwmunebulio?
- es alRos karnaxi araa, romelic SeiZleba
Secdes. es aris gaTvla-gaangariSeba adamianur grZnobebze, im adamianebisa, romelTanac Sen giwevs
urTierToba da maTi neba-survilis gaTvaliswineba
gmarTebs. mere yvela Sen dagemorCileba. saqarTvelo
didi qveyana araa. misi gaerTianeba da erTi gvirgvinis qveS moqceva sagareo viTarebidan gamomdinare
rTuli araa, magram urTulesia SigniT saqarTveloSi
viTarebis mowesrigeba. TumcaRa esec SesaZlebelia.
magram yvelaze saSuri saqme is iqneba, Tu yvela
monapovars SeinarCunebT Senca da Seni STamomavlebic. swored amas da, SeiZleba iTqvas, mxolod
amas sWirdeba didi Wkua da gamWriaxobao.
- erTi gonivruli rCeva miviRe axla, - daaskvna
Teimurazma, - luarsabTan damoyvrebao. luarsabisa
da Saabasis damoyvrebiT xelSeuxleblobas movipoveb,
Tanac iseTs, rogoric arodes hqoniaT kaxT-batonebsao.
- cdebi, mefev batono, - gaiqnia Tavi nikiforem,
- SahTan damoyvrebiT SeiZleba Tavic ki dakargo,
araTu mxolod taxti. Sen piitikosi kaci xar da
qveynierebas Sairis samyaroTgan uyureb. mec miyvars
wyobilsityvaoba, Tavadac vwerdi leqsebs, magram
rodesac saxelmwifoebriv saqmianobaze midgeba jeri,
iq kalami gverdze unda gadavdoT da yvelaze arapoeturi, iqamde veraguli saqmeni vakeToT. amas
moiTxovs qveyana Cvengan da ara lamazad SeTxzul
leqsebso.
sibrazisgan almuri moekida Teimurazs saxeze.
ra eqna, ar icoda, esRa moifiqra:
- metexis taZris moZRvrad gamimwesebixar, mamao
nikiforeo... - civad uTxra Tanamosaubres, civadve
daukra Tavi da darbazidan Cqari nabijiT gavida.
albaT imitom, rom dawyebuli leqsi daemTavrebina.
im weliwads marTlac sami qorwili Catarda,
Teimurazma yuri ar ugdo nikifores rCevas da Tavisi dai maleve colad SerTo Saabass. sul male
Saabasi Semoewyo kaxeTis cixe-qalaqebs da moyvris
darbeva daiwyo. Teimurazma saucbaTod moZebna padre
gvilelmo, raTa saswrafod waregzavna roms da
daxmareba eTxova romis papisTvis. isic dauSureblad gaemzada wasasvlelad da mcxeTas arc ki iyo
gacdenili, rom mekobrebi daesxnen Tavs da mokles.
bevri miTqma-moTqma atyda padres mkvlelobis
gamo. zogi sparseTis mstovrebsa da moeneebs abralebda, zogi sparseTis moyvarul qarTvel didebulebs, ase rigad rom elodnen abasis zeimiT Semosvlas iveriis miwaze,
zogi saeklesio mesveurebs abralebda, gulis
wamRebad rom Ciodnen kaTolike berma da misma
mstovarma nikiforem mrevli wagvarTvao,
zogi imasac ambobda, meqalTane iyo padre gvilelmo da erT sofelSi glex qals Sevardnia
saxlSi da gaaupatiura. mere misma qmarma, Tu Zmam
sisxliT azRvevina codvao,
zogi sulac wiwamuris tyeebSi Camalul mekobreebs abralebda, ase rom iyvnen gawamebulni mgzavrebi maTgan.
erTis sityviT, arsebiTad veravin veraferi daadgina, droc areuli iyo.
Teimurazs moaxsenes padres mkvlelobis ambavi
Tu ara, metexis taZriTgan moixmo mamao nikifore
da SesTavaza, rac SeiZleba male daetoebina saqar-
Tvelo, radgan mteri aoxrebda kaxeTis sanaxebs.
TviTonac apirebda gaxizvnas dasavleTSi.
- aki giTxari, mefev batono, ar gmarTebs abas
yaenTan arc mtroba da arc moyvrobao...
- mainc ver gavige ra unda meqna, - upasuxa
Teimurazma.
- ukve gvianaa, amis axsnao, - uTxra nikiforem.
- sad inebebs Tqveni meufeba Tavis Sefarebasao?
- hkiTxa mefem, - roca gadaivlis gansacdeli, maSin
dagabruneb saqarTveloSio. gnebavs europas wabrZandi, gnebavT CemTan erTad imereTsa da odiSSi gadavsaxldeT. Tqveni aq darCena saSiSi iqneba. xom xedavT, Tqveni Tanamgzavri padre gvilelmo mokles
ukeTurebma. arada, mis wargzavnas vapirebdi romis
papTanao. ar dagvacales, SinaurTagani iyo gamcemi,
xolo am mogzaurobis winaaRmdegi - an uSualod
mkvleli, an damkveTi. sxva mizezi gamoricxulia.
Senc europel mstovrad miaCnixar mters da es mafiqrebinebs imas, rom Senc unda gaixizno iqedan
rac SeiZleba swrafado.
- maSin, Tu asea, ierusalims waval, wminda qalaqs
moviloceb. sawiravs gavcem iveriis mefeebis saxelze,
Tu amis nebas damrTav, iqneb ufali Segvewios, mowyaleba gaiRos Cvens tanjul samSobloze da gadaarCinos Saabasis gansacdelisgan.
- SesawiravTa wigns mogarTmev da Cemi kacebis
TanxlebiT amaRamve datoveb saqarTvelos. Zvirfaseulobasa da samkaulebs sul cota xanSi samefo
beWdiT davluqav da mogarTmev, saWiro Tanxas xazinadari gadmogcemso.
marTlac yvelaferi saCqarod aRasrula Teimuraz mefem, radgan dayovnebis dro ar iyo. Tavadac
Cqarobda, lixis qedze unda gadaeswro abasisTvis,
raTa xelSi ar Cavardnoda Sahs. gamomSvidobebac
xanmokle iyo mefesa da moZRvars Soris. arc erTma
icoda, Sexvdebodnen Tu ara isini odesRac erTmaneTs.
amitom orive dumda, aRar iyo yvedrebis, arc rCevadarigebebis dro sakuTari gonebis aRmatebulebis
gamosavlenad. axla, am saSiS adgilebs unda gasclodnen. Seyovneba niSnavda, xelSi Cavardnodi mTelis
avla-didebiTa da Wkua-gonebiT Saabass. sparseTis
lomi ki ras moimoqmedebda, amas windawin veravin
gaTvlida.
gasaqcevad mosaxerxebeli samosiT Seimosen. Savi
feris iyo es samosebi, RamiT apirebdnen qveynidan
gaparvas. marTlac, tye-tye iares yvelasaTvis SeumCnevlad mamao nikiforem da misma amalam. dRisiT
isvenebdnen da Sebindebisas ganagrZobdnen gzas.
or dReSi datoves saqarTvelo da mcire aziaSi
gadainacvles. anatoliis gavlas, bunebrivia, ufro
didi dro dasWirdaT. axla igrZno nikiforem, Tu
39
rogori mcire iyo saqarTvelo da rogori daucveli
garemoculi Zalebisagan. amanac daafiqra da ise
daafiqra, rom ise CaaRwies ierusalimamdis, ver
gaigo. yvelafers mamao nikifores mxleblebi uzrunvelyofdnen gadaadgilebis siswrafesac,
saSiSroebisagan Tavdacvasac,
mimarTulebasac,
Sesvenebis adgilmdebareobasac gansazRvravdnen;
sakvebis mopovebazec zrunavdnen.
isini xedavdnen, rom mamao raRacaze fiqrobda
da ise fiqrobda, rom gaitaca am fiqrebma. gansakuTrebiT es mesopotamiis dablobis gadavlisas SeniSnes,
xolo rodesac efesosa da antioqias gascdnen da
fexi Sedges arabeTis udabnoSi, mamao nikifore
metad CauRrmavda Tavis fiqrebs da TiTqmis sakvebsac
ar iRebda, arc sasmels etaneboda mainca da mainc,
mxned ki gamoiyureboda, odnavadac ar dasustebula.
mis mcvelebsa da TanmxlebiT ukvirdaT, rogor poulobda mamao sakuTar TavSi Zalas, gamklaveboda
udabnos simxurvales TiTqmis uWmel-usmelad. sxva
SemTxvevaSi mgzavrobis yvela tvirTs TviTon aiRebda
sakuTar Tavze. TiTqmis ubrad imyofeboda, xandisxan
Tu wamoiZaxebda gaurkvevel sityvebs. ama Tu im
enaze. iyo SemTxvevebi, roca xmamaRla fiqrobda,
magram vinaidan amalam ar icoda esa Tu is ena, ver
gebulobdnen mamaos fiqrTa Sinaarss. erTxel wamoscda mxolod qarTuli sityvebi:
- ex, saqarTvelo, saqarTveloo!
es iyo da es.
gamolaparakebisas mxolod mokle pasuxebs iZleoda. mas uguneboba ar etyoboda, mxolod fiqrobda
da ar undoda am fiqrSi xeli SeSloda yofiTi
garemoebebis gamo.
am mdgomareobaSi imyofeboda, vidre ar miaRwies
galileis zRvas. isini beTsaidasTan axlos SeCerdnen.
saRamo xani iyo. talRebis Sxuilma moandoma
zRvaSi gabanaveba. wyalSi Sesuli saamqveynos mobrunda da Sors gascura. roca napirze amovida,
ikiTxa:
- male mivaRwevT Tu ara wmida qalaqamdeo?
- ierusalimi ori dRis savalzeao, - upasuxes
nikifores.
- es galileis zRvaao?
daudastures.
- Cven bevri vimgzavreT, saSiSi gzebic gamoviareT.
axla tanze unda gamovicvaloT da arabi beduinebis samosiT SevimosoTo, - uTxra nikiforem mxleblebs.
maT erTmaneTs gadaulaparakes:
40
- nuTu arabuli enac iciso?
gaeRima mamao nikifores:
- arxeinad iyaviTo, - upasuxa maT, - imisaTvis,
rom mSvidobianad vimgzavroT qveynierebaze, saamisod yvelaferi vicio. isic, vis ra tyuili da vis
ra marTali vuTxra, raTa damxmareni da gulSematkivarni SevimatoTo.
ori dRe dayovndnen mgzavrebi galileis zRvis
piras. mere uceb aiyaren da Seusvenebliv dRenaxevarSi Cavidnen ierusalims.
qarTvelTa wiaRSi rom igrZnes Tavi, mamao nikifores hkiTxes misma mxleblebma:
- Rirso mamao, raze fiqrobdi mgzavrobis did
wilso?
macdurad gaxeda SemkiTxvels nikiforem da
Sescina saxeSi:
- vfilosofosobdi CemTviso, ase gza ukeT gaioldebodao.
ver gaigo im SemkiTxavma, rom pasuxis gamcemi
am SemTxvevaSi arc tyuoda da arc arafers malavda,
gansxvavebiT sxva uamravi SemTxvevisa.
- roca raimes dafarva minda, - ganmarta nikiforem, - verc saxeze, verc saqcielze ver Sematyob,
raime Tu maqvs dasafari da dasamalavi. am dros
eWvs arvis TvalSi ar aRvZravo. es wesi unda daimaxsovro da cxovrebaSi gamoiyeno.
ganuwyvetliv mohqonda mamao nikifores savanerSi
axal-axali ambebi saqarTvelodan, diliT uTenia
gadaicvamda an derviSis samoss, an beduiniviT Seimoseboda, an begebis aRkazmulobiT moirTveboda.
idumal gadioda monastridan da daRamebulze brundeboda. amalas berebis anaforebi gadaacva, raTa
taZarSi ar Seqmniliyo zedmeti uxerxuloba da
miTqma-moTqma. zogjer TviTonac loculobda, an
wignTsacavSi muSaobda dilidan daRamebamdis.
erTxel Sua locvis dros, roca sacecxluriT
Camouara taZars, raRac ucnaurma Zalam gaaCera.
mxolod gaCereba ar iyo es, ufro gaxevda gaognebisagan.
yvirili undoda, xmas veRar iRebda,
undoda TanmxlebTaTvis raRac eniSnebina,
sxeuli veRar daZra adgilidan.
- xom kargad xar, mamao?
- aqeT wamobrZandi, Tqveno Rirsebav, da dajeqio,
- SesTavaza mosveneba erT-erTma TanmxlebTaganma.
- arao, - aniSna.
- ra moxda, mamao? - gaumeora kiTxva.
iqve viRacam wyali miawoda. manac mosva wyali,
suli moiTqva da uTxra:
- rusTvelis freska!!! - gaxarebulma gadaxeda
TanmxlebT, - vi pove!!! misi kvali aq ariso!!!
arc erTma Tanmxlebma ar icoda, vin iyo rusTveli da ra mniSvneloba hqonda qarTvelobisTvis am
aRmoCenas. viRacam esec ikiTxa:
- vin aris rusTveli?
am kiTxvam kidev ufro gaaoca mamao nikifore:
- am dRes ori aRmoCena gavakeTeo, - Tqva man, erTi is, rom sulmnaTi rusTvelis kvals mivageni,
meore ki is, rom qveynad arsebobs iseTi qarTveli,
vinac ar icis rusTvelis vinaobao.
man, vinac ar icoda meWurWleTuxucesi SoTas
vinaobisa da damsaxurebis Sesaxeb, moibodiSa:
- esao-da, wera-kiTxva ar vici da mwerali saidan mecodinebodao.
mamao nikiforem daJinebiT hkiTxa:
- dai Tu gyavso?
- myavso, - upasuxa.
- gaTxoviliao?
dasturi uTxra Tavis daqneviT.
- mziTevi Tu gaataneTo?
- ra Tqma undao, - da TavisiT Camoyva daaxloebiT, rac axsovda.
wignebic axsena - oTxTavi, sagangebod misTvis
SekveTili gadamwerTaTvis,
- ...da kidev erTi, SairTa didi wigni, sagvareulo
wes-Cveulebisamebr Svilidan Svilze gatneuli mziTvad... da es wigni meoTxe Tu mexuTe Taobaa, rac
ojaxidan ojaxSi gadadis mziTvadao.
- swored am wignis damweria SoTa rusTvelio,
- ganumarta mamao nikiforem.
merme TviTon iTava am kacis ganswavla da jer
wera-kiTxva daaswavla, Semdeg ki monastris wignsacavSi daculi ,,vefxistyaosnis” xelnaweri misca
da uTxra:
- gaecanio.
manac karga xani moandoma wignis wakiTxvas.
rogorc gamoirkva, zogi ram scodnia ,,vefxistyaosnidan”, zogi ram pirvelad Seimecna. bolos sxvaTaSorisad hkiTxa mamao nikiforem:
- ganaTlebuli da warCinebuli ojaxis Svilad
gicnob, da asec aris. es rogor dagemarTa an Sen,
an Sens mSoblebs, wera-kiTxva rom ar dagaswavleso?
- eh, Rirso mamao, - Rrmad amoioxra am kacma, sulmnaTi mamai Cemi mudam-dRe svimon mefes axlda
laSqrobebSi. misi marjuene xeli yofila. mec saomrad mwvrTnida da rodesac qarTlis mefe imereTs
gadavida da zedized skandas, kvaras, kacxisa da
sviris cixeni aiRo da Semoudga quTaiTiss, mamaman
Cemman mefis dasturiT malemsrboli warmoagzavna
deda-cixeSi Cems wamosayvanad, dedas Cemsas SeuTvala `Cvenma memkvidrem sakuTari TvaliT unda ixilos
saqarTvelos gaerTianeba da amisTvis norCi mkla-
vic unda gasarjoso. swavla-kiTxvis dro ar ariso,
- wignad miswera, - amas mermec moeswrebao. marTlac
vin gadavidoda mamis-Cemis brZanebas. roca imereTs
gadamiyvanes, svimon mefes quTaTisi ukve aRebuli
hqonda da emzadeboda odiSs gasalaSqreblad, raTa
daetyvevebina manuCar dadiani da rostom imerTa
mefei. svimon mefisTvisac da mamis-CemisTvisac sabediswero brZola ofSkviTs gaimarTa. me mefis karavSi
vTvlemdi, roca mamai daiRupa. mis merme SeviZule
odiSelni da Tu vinme maTgani Semomegebeba, uTuod
Tavs wavacli.
merme iyo, sulmnaTma svimon mefem Cemze meurveoba
ikisra da gverdidan ar micilebda. ofSkviTs imerel
didaznaurTa Ralatis wyalobiT nawvnevi marcxiT
gaTamamebuli osmalebi lores cixiTgan gamovidnen
da Semoesien Cvens mamulebs. TurqTa SiSiT Cemi
ojaxi deda-cixiTgan tfiliss gaixizna, me ki isev
mefes vaxldi, taSirs rom miiWra da gandevna mamuliTgan SemoZalebuli mteri. arc maSin ecala vismes, CemTvis rom wera-kiTxva eswavlebina.
roca svimon mefe aleqsandre kaxTa mefesTan
erTad abas yaens eaxlen, raTa kavSiri SeekraT osmalo TaTris winaaRmdeg. mamobilma ispaans mec
wamiyvana. maCvevda samefo karze moqcevis wesebs,
magram wera-kiTxvas ara da ar maswavlida. samma
mbrZanebelma erToblivad wignebi misweres romis
paps, avstriis imperatorsa da espaniis mefes. wignebi
me gamatanes, aleqsandrem rom hkiTxa:
- riT endobi am ymawvilsao,
svimonma RimiliT miugo;
- nu SiSob, igi guladia, Tan wera-kiTxva ar
iciso. wignebs uvneblad Caabarebs Tav-Tavis patronsao, TviTon ar ecodineba wignebSi dawerili Sinaarsi,
iseo. merme mama-Svilurad momibrunda da miTxra:
- ar inaRvlo wera-kiTxva rom ar ici. merwmune,
Svilo, zogjer wera-kiTxvis ucodinroba sjobs
nakiTxobaso. yofila SemTxvevebi, minatria, neta
sulac ar mcodnoda wera-kiTxvao.
- nu fiqrob, patrono da mfarvelo Cemo, - vupasuxe mefes, - RmerTma rac mommadla da Sen ra
wyalobac moiRe Cemze, imis madlobeli varo.
gauxarda mefes Cemi pasuxi. wignebi da oqros
fulebiT savse xuTi-eqvsi qisa gadmomca, gamomayola
Tarjimnebi da mcire SeiaraRebuli amala da europas
gamistumra. sruli erTi weli movandome wignebis
patronTaTvis darigebas. arc papma da arc mefe-imperatorebma ar inebes sapasuxo wignebis mowera.
yvela maTganTan TiTo Tve vicdidi, iqneb raime
zepirad SeuTvalon wignTa pasuxado, magram ise
davtove maTi sambrZanebloebi, maT ara gaugiaT ra.
Sin rom davbrundi, vfiqrobdi, ra piriT Sevxvde
41
mefes-Tqo, man ki guliT gaixara Cemi dabunebis
ambavi rom Seityo. TavisTan mixmo. yvelaferi gamomkiTxa sapasuxo wignebis garda. viuxerxule da
vuambe mefes:
- ase iyo da ase-meTqi, mTeli Tve velodi paps,
merme gadavedi austrias, mis imperatorsac mTeli
Tve velodi, merme espanias geaxeli da mis mefesac
mTeli Tve velodi, pasuxi arc erTma maTganma ar
mogces-Tqo.
- nu fiqrob magazeo, - damiyvava mefem, - axla omi
gvaqvs osmalosTan. gors SemovewyveT da ukve europis gareSe viomebT, gadavdeniT mters qarTlis sanaxebiTgano.
merme iyo, gori aviReT da axali omi wamogviwyo
gadamTielma. merme naxidurTan davmarcxdiT da
facxiss xelmeored daatyveves svimon mefe. bolomdis vaxldi patrons. osmalebma SvidkoSkaSi rom
Caamwyvdies igi, iqac misi Wirisufali viyavi. TaTarma
viRac morigi xarWisgan naSob mefis Svilad CamTvala.
- guli ar mogivideso, - miTxra svimonma, - Tavi
rom daaRwio tyveobas, SenTvis ase ajobebso. roca
movkvdebi Cems cxedars gagayoleben da Senc samSvidobos gaaRwev da mec qarTul miwas mimabarebT.
meti ukeTesi madli ra ginda, rom hqna qveynad.
merwmune, aranaklebi sagmiro saqmea xrmal-faris
qnevaze micvalebulTa gapatiosnebao.
- rasa brZaneb, mefev batono, - vuTxari Tvalcremlianma, - yvelaferi ise iyos, rogorc genebos, oRond
ara sikvdili. Cven erTad davaRwevT Tavs am tyveobasao.
- asec iqnebao, - Semawyvetina sityva mefem, Cven orive erTad davaRwevT Tavs am tyveobas, oRond
Sen cocxali da me mkvdario. brZolebsa da tyveobebSi davuZlurdi. vici, rasac vambob, vgrZnob moaxloebul dasasruls, da mitomo.
am naTqvamidan erTi welic ar gasula, rom
yvelaferi ise moxda, rogorc svimon mefem dasaxa.
rom movi poveT simSvide tyveobaSi, sinanuliT miTxra
mefem:
- axla ki namdvilad gaswavlidi wera-kiTxvas,
magram amisaTvis araferi gagvaCniao.
- axla aRar dagvWirdeba wera-kiTxva-meTqi, davamSvide.
- arao, - mi pasuxa, - wera-kiTxva adamians yovelTvis sWirdeba. ubraod maSin gatyuebdi, radgan Sesaferisi mocaleoba ar gagvaCnda da Seni uwignuroba mWirdeboda, raTa europaSi guldamSvidebuls
gameSvi. axla vnanob da mapatie amis gamoo.
me ver vxvdebodi mefis am sityvebs, vidremde
Sen ar maswavle wera-kiTxva, Rirso mamao da vidremde ar veziare rusTvelis naqmns. guli ar momdis
42
mefeze, radgan qveynisTvis ase iyo saWiro, axla
kidev roca mSvidad varT, mxolod maSin viswavle
is, rac unda eswavlebinaT bavSvobaSio.
- ar ifiqro, - uTxra didi xnis dumilis Semdeg
mamao nikiforem, - rom Cven odesme damSvidebulni
viyoTo. axlac ki, samSoblodan moSorebiT, Tqven
ar iciT, Torem aqac ara var mSvidad, sul daviarebi
wmida qalaqSi da axal ambebs vgebulob saqarTvelosas, iq rom ver gavigebT, iseTsac - ra xdeba qarTvel
mefeTa sasaxleebSi, xalxSi ra ganwyobaa, vin upirebs iverias dalaSqvras da abas-yaenis laSqari
sad dgas da rasa iqmso. aseTebs bevrs gaigoneb, Tu
kargad miugdeb yurs aqaurobas. zogs TviTon moaqvs ambavi, zogic Sen unda gaigono, midge, modge
da ise. viTarebis gamokeTebis umal aqedan daviZrebiT da Sin davbrundebiTo.
vinaidan freskaze gamosaxuli rusTveli naxes
qarTvelma momlocvelebma, mamao nikiforem isic
ivarauda, saeklesio davTrebSic iqneb yofiliyo
moxseniebuli mgosnis saxeli da isev wignTsacavs
miaSura. yvela davTari da sigel-gujari gadaixila,
bolos aRapTa wignSi miagno meWurWleTuxucesi
SoTais kvals. isev mivida freskasTan, xmamaRla
waikiTxa:
`amis damxatavsa SoTas Seundvnes RmerTman.
amino.~
merme damarcvliT waikiTxa da xeli gaayola
freskis gverdiT dawerils:
`rusTveli.~
idga acremlebuli Rirsi mama monastris marjvniv
meore svetTan maqsime aRmsareblisa da ioane damaskelis did freskebs Soris Caxatul portretTan
da Cumad `sulTaTanas~ ukiTxavda `amis damxatavsa
SoTas~ da Sendobas uTvlida misi sulisaTvis
ufals.
monastris miRma qveynierebaze didi Zvrebi mzaddeboda.
erT dRes nikifore mousvenrad iyo.
sadRac gadioda,
mere brundeboda,
mere isev gadioda da
ase grZeldeboda ramdenime dRis ganmavlobaSi.
man mosveneba maSin dakarga srulad, roca meoTxe
Tu mexuTe dRes masTan Teimuraz mefis mstovari
Camovida.
- istanbulSi var da saswrafod Camodi. mxleblebi mand datove, vinmem rom raime ar ieWvoso, - ityobineboda mefe.
marTlac mamao nikiforem dauZaxa Tavis mxleblebs:
- sinais mosalocad mivyvebi antioqiel momloc-
velebs da ramdenime dRe ar viqnebio. aq melodeT
da erTi kviris Tavze Tu ar Camovedi, an ar mogawvdineT xma, uCumrad wadiT aqedan da daiSaleTo.
sxva araferi uTqvams mamao nikifores, arc misma
mxleblebma hkiTxes rame, azri ar hqonda, mainc mikib-mokibavda raRacas da simarTles misgan ver
gaigebdnen.
aravin icoda raze TaTbirobdnen nikifore irbaxi
da Teimuraz mefe istanbulSi, ra xlarTebs xlarTavdnen. erTi ki ambad gaigo mefisgan nikiforem,
osmalosTan kavSiris Sekvris wyalobiT ori-samiode
wlis win omi gaumarTes Saabass da lamis iyo ardebili aiRes.
- mZime mdgomareobaSi CavayeneT sparseTis Sahi,
magram SegveSinda, ardebilis aRebiT ziani ar mieyenebina abass dedis-CemisaTvis - qeTevanisaTvis da
CemTa SvilTaTviso.
es ambebi yurmokvriT ganagoni hqonda nikifores,
magram dawvrilebiT ara. igi axla mTelis arsebiT
erTveboda saqmeSi. CrdilSi jdomis dro wavida.
swrafi moqmedeba iyo saWiro. mefisgan davaleba
miiRo, ra Tqma unda samZimo da saSiSi, rogorme
unda daexsnaT abas-yaenis tyveobiTgan Teimurazis
deda da Svilebi ise, rom kvali ar daetovebinaT.
saamisod aZlevda ra am davalebas, Teimurazma kargad
icoda, rom SeuZlebeli iyo am davalebis Sesruleba,
magram mainc raRac imedismagvari hqonda. am ,,raRacas” TviT nikifore irbaxis gonebagamWriaxoba ganapirobebda.
- Cemo mefeo, - uTxra man, moismina ra mefis davaleba, - es sasowarkveTili kacis nabijiao. magram
rac ar unda moxdes, Sen mainc mefed darCebi. mTeli saqarTvelo da axla ukve europac qeTevan dedofals Sescqeris. yvela saswaulis molodinSia
da Cvenc Cvenis mecadineobiT ar unda wavuxdinoT
msoflios es molodini. Senic mesmis, magram es molodini ufro Rirebuli da faseulia, vidre Tqveni
deda-Svilobis grZnoba. garemoebaTa viTarebam dedofali zepirovnebad aqcia. Cemo mefeo da dedis
Rirseulo Svilo, Senc unda iqce zepirovnebad.
Tu ara ase, yeeni aqamdisac mouswrafebda sicocxles
rogorc dedofals, aseve ufliswulebs. abasi Tavis
tyveebs Tvals ar acilebs, es davalebas, ra Tqma
unda, arTulebs.
- Sen, Rirso mamao, SegiZlia uari miTxra am
davalebis Sesrulebaze, guli ar damwydeba. kargad
mesmis, amiT Sens Zvirfas sicocxles safrTxeSi
vagdeb, magram iveriaSi kaci ar meguleba SensaviT
rom Seasrulos es davaleba. amisda miuxedavad, me
imasac ar gamovricxav, rom Senac ver SesZlo es,
imdenad ucnauri kacia Sahio.
- rasa brZaneb, mefev batono, qeTevan dedoflisTvis Tavsac gavwirav, ra saTqmelia, CemTvis didi
pativicaa Cemdami esoden didi ndobis gamoCenao.
mamao nikiforem umal afrina Sikriki ierusalims.
jvris monasterSi darCenil Tavis amalas SeuTvala:
- Cum-Cumad datoveT saTiTaod monasteri. kavSirebi ar unda gavwyvitoT, raTa swrafad moviZioT
erTmaneTi. saWiroeba siswrafes iTxovs, magram auCqarebelso, - Tanac dasZina, - Cemi warmogzavnili kacis meSveobiT meqneba TqvenTan kavSiri. mas unda
uTxraT, vin rodis da sad waxvalT, sad daTqvamT
Sexvedris adgilso.
erTmaneTs gadaulaparakes:
- mamao nikifore sruliad SemTxveviTaa mRvdeli,
an arada mRvdlis anaforaSi gadacmuli jaSuSiao.
saWiro Tanxa yvela maTgans gadasca nikifores
kacma. isinic saTiTaod Cumad gai paren monastridan
ise, rom maTi wasvlis Sesaxeb aravis araferi Seutyvia. yvelaze bolos Sikrikma datova savane. mxolod
amis Semdeg mixvdnen berebi, rom mamao nikifore da
misi kacebi monastridan gaparulano. gadaamowmes
taZris qoneba, xom araferia moparulio. Semowmebis
Semdeg moaxsenes winamZRvars:
- yvelaferi adgilzeao. mamao nikifores da
mis kacebs araferi wauRiaTo...
- gamodis, viRacis mstovrebi iyvnen da ratomRac
Tavs afarebdnen Cvens monasterso. RmerTma uSveloT,
Tu sasikeTo saqmisTvis aqvT xeli mokidebulio, daloca taZris winamZRvarma da berebs daavala,
rogorc aqamomde iyo, ganegrZoT moRvaweoba.
bevri ram Seityo mamao nikiforem stambulSi
yofnisas. ambavi Camoitanes, abas-yeenma qarTlis mefe
svimons veqilad giorgi saakaZe dauniSneso. manac,
arc aciva da arc acxela, Semoiriga Tavisi metoqe
Tavadebi, Teimuraz mefesTan Tavisi kaci gamogzavna
stambuls, raTa erTiani ZaliT dasxmodnen Tavs
Saabass, an sulac SemoetyuebinaT qarTlSi da samudamod daetovebinaT iq. amas daemata erTi ucnauri
ambavic, romelmac mTeli qveyniereba moiara:
grZnobda ra abas-yeeni sagareo saSiSroebas, romelic gamowveuli iyo Teimurazisa da mourav-xanis
kavSiris SekvriT, avadmyofurad eWviani gaxda yvelaferze, sakuTar Svilebzec ki. albaT arc Tu usafuZvlod. igrZno SeTqmulebis niav-qari, sakuTari Svilebi xudabende-mirza da ismaeli-mirza daabnela. dabnelebulma xudabendem mamaze SurisZiebis mizniT
sakuTari Svili fatima Tavisive xelebiT daaxrCo.
usazRvrod uyvarda Sahs fatima da masTan bednierad grZnobda Tavs, mrisxanebisa Tu mwuxarebis
Jams fatimas ixmobda da masTan urTierTobiT iqarvebda dardebs. es siamovneba moaklo swored mamas
43
bnelma Svilma. amaze gaxelebulma abasma da imazec,
rom Teimuraz-xani ar cxreboda da jer osmaleTs
gadaixvewa da iqedan elCebi gagzavna ruseTs axladarCeul mefe miSka romanovTan, mousvenari Teimurazxanis Svilebi aleqsandre da levani daasaWurisebina
Tavis jalaTebs.
damwuxrda Teimurazi, bunebrivia bavSvebis gamotacebas azri aRar hqonda. erTis cxedari da erTic
Wkvaze gadamdgari daabrunes. axla saswrafod saWiro iyo qeTevan dedoflis daxsna, aravin icoda
rodis dadgeboda misi jeri. nikifores rCeviT Teimurazma iZulebiTi uari SeuTvala giorgi saakaZes
kavSiris Sekvraze da ise miawoda es uari mouravxans,
rom misTvisac gasagebi yofiliyo am uaris aucilebloba. Tanac Teimurazma SesTavaza saakaZes:
- kavSiri Sekar giorgi imerTa mefesTan. rac
ar unda iyos, pativmoyvare kacia da marto ar dagtovebs SaabasTan brZolaSio.
cota xanSi osmaleTSi Camoitanes ambavi - giorgi
saakaZe wvevia giorgi imerTa mefesa da levan dadianTanac stumrobdao. es ukanaskneli Seumowmebeli
ambavi iyo, magram amas arsebiTi mniSvneloba ar
hqonda.
axla saWiro iyo swrafad daexsna Teimurazs
Tavisi deda Sahis klanWebidan da merme ukve xelfexi
srulad gaexsneboda SurisZiebisaTvis. Tanac Tavs
damnaSaved Tvlida qeTevanis datyvevebaSi:
- marto ar unda gameSva dedofali sazRvarze
SahTan Sesaxvedrad. mcire amala ras gaawyobda
mravalricxovan jarTan.
datyvevebas gadarCenilebi uyvebodnen Teimurazs,
romao dedofali kaxeTis sazRvarze dadga da sparsulad Txova abass:
- omiT nu Semoxval Cvens qveyanaSio, Tu ram
ginda yovelisfers uomrad mogarTmevs mefe Teimurazio. amis Tavdebi me viqnebio.
gaeRima abass.
- nu javrob keTilo dedofaloo, mxolod wavinadireb kaxeTis tyeebsa da mindvrebSi da ukan davbrundebio. Sen ki Senis amaliT Sin mSvidobiT
gabrundio, Sahis ficiT Semogficav, rom marTals
mogaxsenebo.
Sahis ficiTa da pirobiT daimedebuli mSvidad
brundeboda dedofali sasaxleSi, rom uceb yizilbaSTa marbielebi wamogvewien da dedofali dagvityveves, Cvenc viSiSvleT xmlebi da gadawyvetili
gvqonda SevkvdomodiT dedofals, magram bevri maTgani
gawyvites, bevric ganaiaraRes da daatusaRes, xolo
vinc gadavrCiT uvneblad, tyes SevafareT Tavi da
saswrafod sasaxleSi gamoviqeciT, daWrilebi tyeSi
samalavebSi davtoveT. sul samma Tu oTxma kacma
44
davaRwieT Tavi uvneblad am Semosevis pirvel talRas.
amis Semdeg mefem laSqari Sekriba da dauxvda
abasis jarebs, merme damarcxebulma imereTs Seafara
Tavi.
axla sxva dro iyo. abass jer ar SeeZlo gaelaSqra kaxeTze, miTumetes ver xedavda saamiso
safuZvels. sparsi iq ukve imyofeboda, sxvafriv
Teimurazs ver gamoityuebda. qarTlSi svimoni ijda,
umwifara da mamamisiviT meryevi kaci. amisTvis mas
mourav-xani miuCina meurved. marTalia giorgi saakaZe
Sahis mzes ificebs, magram abasi arc mas endoba
bolomde. amisTvis mZevlad misi Svili hyavs da
mouravi ufro WkuiT iqneba. abasi mas rogorc
windaxedul kacs, ise icnobs. Teimurazi devnilobaSia. Tu raime safrTxes Seuqmnis mas dedamisic
aqve hyavs datyvevebuli. luarsab mefec aqvea TadarigSi. aseT Zvirfas saCuqrebs abasi xelidan, aba,
gauSvebs?! gaeRima Sahs ulvaSebSi, gawva muTaqaze
da Cilimi gaabola. erT xans dafiqrda, merme aniSna
msaxurebs, daira Semoitanes da siamovnebiT gaadevna
Tvali Tavis meramdeneRaca colis cekvas, eSxSi
rom Sehyavda Sahi misi TeZoebis moqnilad TamaSs da
moSiSvlebuli muclis talRiseburad alivlivebas.
is Rame arasodes daaviwydeba abass Tavisi vnebianobiT erTis mxriv da arasasiamovno ambebiT, meores
mxriv. meore dRes ambavi Camoutanes ganjidan dedofal qeTevanis adgilsamyofels miagnes gurjebma
da RamiT sasaxles dacemiano. cixis mcvelebis nawili gauwyvetiaT, nawili ki ganuiaraRebiaT, SeukoWavT da dilegSi CaumwyvdeviaT. mTeli cixe SeiTanTa
xelSi moeqcao. magram, hoi saocrebav, TviTon dedofali wasula uarze da tusaRobis adgili ar dautovebia. ase uTqvams:
- es Cemi tyveoba RvTis nebaa da sxva araferio.
me rom Tqven wamogyveT, xval Sahi jars gamogvakidebs
da iverias aaoxrebso.
bevri arwmunes dedofals, Sahs amisi Zala ar
gaaCnia amJamado, man ki mtkiced Seesityva:
- Tundac ase iyos. me es gansacdeli ufalma
momivlina da Tu misi neba iqneba, TviT abasi gamaTavisuflebso.
amis Tqmis Semdeg dedofalma maT ubrZana cixis
mcvelebi gaeTavisuflebinaT da TviTonac gasclodnen iqaurobas. asec moqceulano.
gabrazda abasi.
- vin iyvnen? - ikiTxa.
- derviSebis ZonZebSi Semosili Teimurazis mstovrebi iqnebodnen, aba, sxva vin unda yofiliyoo.
- ramdeni iyoo? - isev ikiTxa Sahma.
- aTiode kbilebamde SeiaraRebuli da iaraRis
kargi mxmarebelio.
abasi marto iman ki ar gaabraza, rom gurjebma
qeTevanis kvals miagnes da misi daxsna SesZles,
rom ara TviT dedoflis daJinebuli moTxovna,
aramed imanac, rom aTiode Tundac kbilebamde SeiaraRebulma kacma rogor SesZlo mTeli cixis
aReba, ise rom TviTon gamxdariyvnen yvelafris baton-patronni.
- aTiode kaci Tu amas moimoqmedebs, mTeli laSqari Tavrizamde ise Camova, erTxelac ar Seisvenebs
gzaSio.
mTels qveyanaSi dauwyes Zebna im aTiode SeiaraRebul derviSs, ganjas rom daecnen, qalaqma ki
winaaRmdegoba ver gaswia,
an iqneb ar gaswia?
- amisTvis calke vazRvevineb ganjis aTabagso, fiqrobda TavisTvis Sahi.
- axla ki dauyonebliv sruliad saidumlod
dedofali aSrifSi gadaiyvaneTo. imgzavreT Rame
da swrafad. aSrifSi Sesaferisi sasaxle moumzadeT
qeTevans da Tadarigi daiWireT kidev rom aRar
moagnon mas im derviSebma. calke gaarkvieT, ganjaSi
rogor miagnes dedofals, an qalaqSi vin icoda
dedoflis ambavi... dakiTxeT yvela - cixis mcvelebi, ganjelni, vaWrebi da sovdagrebi da es dakiTxva
ise unda awarmooT, rom veravinma veraferi ieWvos,
vis ra unda da ratom. uaxloes xanSi Sedegebi
macnobeTo, - brZana Sahma da usiamo ambis gasaqarveblad Triaqs mieZala da haramxanidan morigi coli
ixmo.
erTi xani mamao nikifore dedoflis mcvelebTan ase Tu ise mainc amyarebda kavSirebs xan qrTamiT,
xan motyuebiT,
xanac Tvalis axveviT,
esao-da, meqqeli mola var da xilva vixile
allahisa, iverieli dedofali unda movaqcioo. Tanac
yalbbeWdiani firmani uCvena: mbrZaneblis nebiT, roca
ki movidoda mola, yovelTvis unda SeeSvaT dedofalTan. isic ase axerxebda qeTevanTan TaTbirs, magram
cixis datovebaze isev uars ambobda tusaRi. Tu
manamdis SeiZleboda undoblobis gamo ar wahyoloda,
axla nikifores TviT Teimurazis wigni hqonda Svili emudareboda dedas, gahyoloda mis mier wargzavnil kacebs.
qeTevanma mamaos piriT SeuTvala Svils:
- me am wignis gareSec gendobodiT, radgan qarTvelebi iyaviT da, darwmunebuli var, cuds arras
SemamTxvevdiT da arc axla gaqvT avi gamiznuli,
magram, merwmune, es uflismieri gansacdeliao.
Nikifore yovelTvis gawbilebuli brundeboda
Tavis sadgomSi, magram mainc jiutad ganagrZobda
qeTevan dedoflis gadarwmunebas. gonios cixeSi
Teimuraz mefes ugzavnida wignebs, misganac Rebulobda axal-axal davalebebs.
erTxelac sruliad moulodnelad dedoflis
saTvalavi daekarga. igi aSrifidan saidumlod gadaeyvanaT, sad, arc man, arc aravin icoda. nikifores
iq yofna saSiSi xdeboda, radgan SahisTvis cnobili
gaxda misi adgilsamyofelica da saqmianobac; es
aSrifis cixionTa ganwyobiT daaskvna. cota xanSi
isic Seityo, rom Sahs ruseTis elCebi wveviano da
swored am garemoebam waaxdina saqme.
- yovelTvis arasaWiro dros modian es rusebi
da ufuWeben qarTvelebs saqmeso.
nikiforem imdeni hqna, rom rusTa molaparakebis
umTavresi mizani Seityo - isini iTxovdnen Sahisgan
luarsab mefis gaTavisuflebas, Tundac gamosasyidis
safasurad. axla ki mixvda nikifore, rom luarsab
mefis dReebi daTvliliao.
- am Rorebmao, - gaifiqra nikiforem, - luarsabs
xom gaufuWes da gaufuWes saqme, aRarc qeTevan
dedofals daadgeba ukeTesi dReo.
Sahi gansakuTrebulad frTxili gaxda qarTvelTa
mimarT, TiTqosda saTvalavidan gadakarguli luarsabi isev TvalsawierSi aRmoCnda da sul male
iranelma jalaTebma wamebiT amoxades suli ymawvil
mefes.
abas-yaens, marTalia, ar ewada ymawvilis mokvdineba, magram rusTa Carevam da elCobis donemde am
saqmis awevam afiqrebina Sahs:
- qarTveloba am molaparakebaTa miRma raRac
muxanaTobas ar mimzadebdeso.
saCqarod tyve luarsab qarTlis mefe jalaTebs
mSvildis sabeliT moaSTobina gulabis cixis dilegSi, Sirazs. sarCulad luarsabis mokvdinebas es
uxerxuli ambavi daudo, romelic kargad CarCa
gunebaSi erTxel nadimze miiwvia axovani ymawvili Sahma.
didmarxvis dReebi idga da abasma jereT Tevzi
SesTavaza,
piri ar daakara SeTavazebul kerZs.
abassac es undoda - iWvneulad hkiTxa colis
Zmas: - rad ar miirTmev Cems mowodebul Tevzsao,
iqneb fiqrob mowamluliao?!
- arao, - upasuxa luarsabma, - dRes TevziT gamatexvineb marxvas, xval xorcs SemomTavazeb, zeg
ki sruliadac sjulis Secvlas momTxovo.
- hoda, Seicvaleo, - viTomc aq araferio, uTxra
yaenma.
- mTeli qveyanac rom miboZo saCuqrad, Sens
brZanebas ver Sevasrulebo, - mtkiced upasuxa luarsabma.
45
arada misi dai da Sahis coli TinaTini araerTgzis urCevda Zmas:
- nu gamoideb Tavs, Torem SuriT aRavseb abass
da raRacas mogwevso.
sul male auxda dis naTqvami luarsabs. im sabediswero nadimze gabrazebulma Sahma stumris
dilegSi Cagdeba brZana. Svidi wlis ganmavlobaSi
hyavda gamoketili qarTlis mefe Saabass. rusis
Carevam daaCqara da daasrula luarsabis bediswera.
iqneb im mavnebel russac es es undoda?!
vin icis...
qeTevanic Sirazs gadaiyvana abasma. iq ufro
sandod eguleboda datyvevebuli, vidre CrdiloeTiT.
rogorc iqna nikiforem imamyuli-xanisgan saidumlod miiRo wigni, sadac ityobineboda dedoflis
adgilsamyofels. es imamyuli-xani undilaZeTa saxelovan gvars ekuTvnoda, ase-rigad rom iyo ganTqmuli
alaverdi-xanisa da misi Svilebis saxelebi rogorc
iveriaSi, aseve sparseTsa da mTels axlo aRmosavleTSi. RimiliT gaiqnia Tavi mamao nikiforem wignis
wakiTxvis Semdeg da Tavis TanmxlebT uTxra:
- didad ucnauri xalxi varT qarTvelebio...…
- raTao, - SeekiTxen Tanmxlebni.
- axla, am wignis damweri unda iyos gvarad
undilaZe da mravali warCinebuli qarTveli, romelTac eris da qveynis bedi arafrad uRirT, TavianTi
didgvarovnuli CamomavlobiT unda amayobdeno?!
mamao nikifores ar Camousaxelebia gvarebi, TumcaRa TanmxlebT undodaT gaegoT, Tu vis gulisxmobda Rirsi mama im avadsaxsenebel warCinebul qarTvelebSi. miuxvda moZRvari dausmel SekiTxvas, isariviT
rom trialebda maT TavebSi da cota xnis Semdgom
daumata naTqvams:
- romeli erTi CamovTvalo, romelma didgvarovanma ar gaisvara xeli qarTvelis sisxlSi da moRalatis sircxvileul lafSi ar amolafa sakuTari
sindis-namusi. samefo gvaridan daviwyoT Tundac da
ucixovno aznauriT davamTavroT. aba glexs raRa
unda mokiTxo, roca qveynis warCinebuli sazogadoeba
uamrav sisaZagles sCadiso.
isic uTxra TanmxlebT:
- rom ara imamyuli-xani, luarsab mefe raxania
mokvdinebuli eyoleboda abas-yaens, magram Tavs
zemoT Zala araao. manve gauxangrZliva sparseTSi
mSvidobianad yofna Teimurazis vaJiSvilebs, magram
am SemTxvevaSic gulboroti abasis nebam Seiwira
ufliswulebico. axla jeri qeTevan dedofalze
midga da vidremde maszed ar iZevs Surs, ver moisvenebso. amitom isev da isev imamyuli-xanis meSveobiT unda davarwmunoT dedofali gaqcevaSio.
imave RamiT daiZren qarTvelebi Sarazis mimar-
46
TulebiT. isev molebisa da derviSebis samosi gadaicves, usafrTxo rom yofiliyo mgzavroba. sami
dRis savali or dReSi dafares. dRiswul miadgnen
qalaqis galavans. kaci wargzavna imamyuli-xanTan
mamao nikiforem. icoda, sad unda moeZia da zustad
miaswavla misi adgil-samyofeli, qalaqSi rom ar
daewyo uTavbolo siaruli da kiTxva-gakiTxva. dRis
dasaliers mobrunda Sikriki imamyuli-xanisgan da
wigni moutana dabeWdili.
undilaZe ityobineboda:
- Sua RamiT cixions ecodineba Tqveni mobrZanebis
Sesaxeb da daubrkoleblad SemogiSvebs qalaqSio.
iseTi ieri miiReT, TiTqos daRlilebi xarT da esesaa SeisveneTo. qalaqis moedanze Cemi kaci dagixvdebaT da Tqvens sadgomamdis migiyvanT da moisveneT.
diliT salocavSi SevxvdeT da iZulebiT stumars
Segaxvedrebo.
mamao nikifore mixvda, rom `iZulebiT stumarSi~
imamyuli-xani qeTevan dedofals gulisxmobda.
saqme marTalac garTulebuliyo, sifrTxile iyo
saWiro, raTa Tavic ar daekargaT da iZulebiTi
stumris mdgomareobac ar garTulebuliyo. amitom
zedmiwevniT yvelaferi ise gaakeTes, rogorc xanma
moswera. Tanac Tavi daizRvia, gadaamowma piradad
qalaqis Sesasvlel-gasasvlelebi. gamoelaparaka cixions. abezrobda, merme Tavi rom moabezra, mcvelma
xmamaRla dauyvira:
- gamecale, abezaro derviSoo!
- vin aris da ra gayvirebso? - hkiTxa cixisTavma.
- erTi devriSia, imamyuli-xanTan mimaval meqqel
molas elodebao.
- ho, ho, vicio, gadaeci mag derviSs, dRes RamiT
unda CamobrZandes is meqqeli mola da Tu inebebs
SenTan Sexvedras, maSin SegiSvebT qalaqSio. imamyuli-xanma piradad mTxova meqqeli stumari ar daayovnoT, Senc icode da danarCenebic gaafrTxileo.
mamao nikiforesac es undoda. Sescina cixions
da manac dahpirda:
- xom gaige, ra Tqva ufrosmao. Camova amaRam
mola da Tu inebebs, maSin SegiSveb qalaqSio.
- axla SemiSvio, - daeRrija `derviSi~.
- xom giTxari, ar SeiZlebao, Zlivs gamovyareT
qalaqidan SenisTana usaqmurebi da axla Sen SegiSvao?!
- fuls mogcemo.
- saidan gaqvs folio?
- keTlma xalxma miwyalobao, - uTxra da ramdenime oqros drahma Soridan daanaxa.
- kargad manaxeo! - gaubrwyinda Tvalebi cixions.
- rom momparoo? - iWvneuli derviSis saxe
miiRo mamao nikiforem.
- allahsa geficebi, ar mogparav, mxolod CamogarTmevo, - CaixiTxiTa cixionma.
- Tu ar momparav, maSin mogcemo...
da `daimedebulma derviSma~ gauwoda fuli.
manac viTomc aqac araferiao, jibeSi Caiyara.
- aba, axla amoicani am drahmebSi, romeli iyo
Senio!
- es iyoo, - daado xeli ganurCevlad romeliRac
oqros monetas.
- arao, - uTxra cixionma, - es Seni fuli ar
iyoo, wadi axla, damekarge aqedano, - gamoekida
,,derviSs” cixioni.
isic ,,tiril-tiriliT” gaecala iqaurobas.
risi gagebac undoda, gaigo. derviSobanas TamaSi
imisTvis dasWirda mamao nikifores, rom yuradReba
gadaetana cixisTavs mis mier gaTqmuli ambisgan
da daviwyeboda isic, rom viRacas sWirdeboda am
ambis codna maSin, roca yvelaferi es sWirdeboda
iseT vinmes, romelTa saTvalavSi arc ki unda Cagdebuliyo.
marTlac, yvelaferi ise gakeTda, rogorc daTqmuli iyo. araviTari cdomileba. yvelaferma mSvidobianad Caiara. meore dResve Seaxvedra imamyulixanma nikifore beri dedofals.
karga xans isaubres, ra Tqma unda, ganmartovebiT, merme rodesac gaqcevaze midga saqme, mamao
nikiforem ixmo gverdiT oTaxSi myofi imam-yuli
xani da orTavem saTiTaod auxsnen Seqmnili viTarebis
saSiSroeba. isic dawvrilebiT gaandes dedofals,
Tu rogor gaiyvandnen mas samSvidobos, da rom
arc imamyuli-xansa da arc mis xelqveiTebs saSiSroeba ar daemuqreboda. saerTaSoriso viTarebac
uambes, arwmunebdnen, rom abas-yaeni saqarTveloze
ver wamova omiT da Tu wamova qarTvelebi saamisod mzad ariano, yoveli SemTxvevisTvis amas irwmuneba qarTlidan mosuli wyaroebio. giorgi saakaZe
tfilissa da qarTls meTvalyureobso.
- aki mourav-xani abasis kaciao.
- es zedapirulad Canso, - uTxra nikiforem qeTevan dedofals, - sinamdvileSi ki saakaZe xelsayrel
dros elodeba, raTa risxvad daeces sparsul garnizonebso.
- gasagebiao, - Tqva bolos dedofalma, - magram
isev da isev unda gagawbiloTo. axla rom Tqven
Tan wamogyveT, maSin me gaqceuli da ukeTes SemTxvevaSi TavSefarebuli viqnebi. axla ki Tavganwiruli
var qristesTvis da amas xedavs araTu sparseTi
da saqarTvelo, aramed europac. wina dReebSi iTxoves
abasisgan Cemi monaxuleba iezuitebma. Sahmac siamovnebiT darTo neba da miaswavla maT Cemi adgilsamyofeli. isinic mpirdebian usafrTxo adgilas ga-
dayvanas, magram icode, Rirso mamao, gaqceviTa da
Tavis SveliT fasi da Rirebuleba ekargeba araTu
qeTevan dedofals, aramed TviT Tavganwirvas, amdeni
xnis tyveobis xibls. iqneb TviT abassac undodes
Cemi gaqceva, igi xom wamdauwum miTvalTvalebs. an
gaqcevisas moakvdinebinebs Cems Tavs mdevrebs, an
samSvidobos gamacilebs. orTave SemTxveva misTvis
xelsayreli iqneba. amitom vamjobine lodini. rac
moxdeba, uflis nebiT moxdeba yvelaferio.
yvelaferi naTeli da gasagebi iyo nikiforesTvis.
sadgomSi misulma Teimuraz mefes wignad miswera,
rom dedofali ganwirulia da Saabas-yaeni mas Zalian male moakvdinebso.
jer wigni arc ki eqneboda Casuli Teimurazs,
rom abas-yaenma qeTevan dedofals rjulis Secvla
da colad gayola mosTxova.
mtkice uariT gamoistumra dedofalma Sahis
wargzavnilebi, mosafiqreblad droc ki ar daitova,
ise. male movida abasis brZaneba Sirazs:
- wamebiT moakvdineT qeTevanio, Tanac qalaqis
Sua moedanze, saqveynod, ar darCes arc erTi misi
momnaxulebeli am sanaxaobis unaxavado.
veRarasfers gaxda imamyuli-xani dedoflis gadasarCenad. Sirazidan gasasvleli karibWeni nikiforesTvisac daxuruli aRmoCnda. verc qrTamiT gaaRwia qalaqidan da verc motyuebiT. bolos cixionni
daemuqren kidec mokvdinebiT, ris Semdegac gawbilebuli moZRvari qalaqSi darCa, vidremde aResruleboda dedoflis wamebiT mokvdineba. im dRes, rodesac
nikifores sadgomSi samxedroebi Secvivdnen da ubrZanes moedanze gasvla, mixvda, rom es kaxeTis dedoflis ukanaskneli dRe iyo.
Tvals ver usworebda mamao nikifore eSafotze
asul dedofals. ixsenebda ociode wlis win koconze damwvar jordano brunos da Tvalebi ewvoda,
adarebda ra im Soreul evropiul da dRevandel
aziur dReebs erTmaneTTan.
Tu evropisTvis ganmanaTlebloba iyo codvis
matarebeli, aziisTvis rwmenis simtkice iyo borotebis wyaroT-saTave. Sedarebisas ganicdida adamianuri
gonis sibneles, sibnele rom warmoSobda simxeces... da fiqrobda:
romeli sibnele ufro bneli iyo sarwmunoebrivi Tu moazrovneobrivi.
rwmenis Secvlis moTxovniT evropaSi sikvdiliT aRar sjidnen,
arc aziaSi klavdnen Tavisuflad moazrovneebs...
magram iyo raRac auxsneli, rac erTica da meorec Tanabarzomierad miuRebeli iyo.
rac aklda evropas, is gaaCnda azias da
rac ar hqonda azias,
47
is momadleboda evropas... da mixvda,
rom yovelives saTave adamianis azrovnebis SezRudva iyo, romlis sapirispirodac
erTni RvTis erTgulebisTvis iRupebian,
meoreni ki RvTiT mimadlebuli samyaros SemecnebisTvis...
da es Semecneba imdenad srulmomcveli iyo da
farTo gaqanebisa, raRacnairad rom Semoefargla
es am axali azrovneba, ar daujerebdnen:
erTgan eretikosad monaTlavdnen,
meoregan ki WkuaSemcdar moxetiale moleqsederviSad.
erT SemTxvevaSi Tu koconze dawva ar ascdeboda,
meore SemTxvevaSi gardauvali gandevna mohyveboda
adamianTa yoveli sadgomidan,
uares SemTxvevaSi Caqolavdnen qvebiT.
gons maSin moego, roca yvelaferi damTavrebuli iyo. qalaqis moedanze idgnen TviTon da erTic
Tanmxlebi, romelsac mklavebis marwuxebSi moecia
igi, Tavad ki xrmlis vadaze eWira xeli da mis
amomarTvas lamobda. miixed-moixeda irgvliv da
moqalaqeni mas uyurebdnen. erTianad moeSva da moiTenTa. Tanmxlebmac gauSva xeli. xelis SeSveba da
miwaze mTeli sxeuliT dacema erTi hqna moZRvarma.
imave RamiT iezuitebma miakiTxes mamao nikifores, dedoflis cxedari unda gadmogvcen sparselebmao da Tqvenc SemogvierTdiTo.
- saidan iciT, Cven wamebuli dedoflis Wirisuflebi rom varTo? - daeWvebiT ikiTxa mRvdelma.
- mTelma qalaqma SegamCnia, Tqveno mowyalebav,
da Cven riT dagvrCebodi uyuradRebodo. iqamde,
Sahsac moxsenda Tqveni ambavio. amitom unda viCqaroT da cxedari mainc gavitacoT am dawyevlili
qalaqidano.
mamao nikifore mixvda, rom eseni sando xalxi
iyvnen. amitom daTqmuli adgilisken gahyva maT.
qalaqis ganapira sakmaod Camobnelebuli iyo, magram
landebiviT Candnen Sekrebili adamianebi. mamao nikiforem nabijs umata d aim landebSi Seeria. CiraRdnebi ar hqondaT, vinmes rom ar SeemCnia, imitom. mamao
nikiforem nabijs umata da im landebs Seeria.
CiraRdnebi ar hqondaT, vinmes rom ar SeemCnia.
mamao nikiforem italiel iezuitTa garda portugalieli berebic SeamCnia. ramdenime spars cixions
elaparakebodnen. erTi cixionTagani xmaze icno
nikiforem, derviSis samosiT morTuli rom gamoecxada qalaqis SesasvlelTan da meqqeli molas mobrZanebas rom eloda TiTqos. icoda, rom sibnelis,
gansxvavebuli mdgomareobisa da viTarebis gamo
ver Seicnobda cixioni mas, amitom Tamamad CaerTo
saubarSi. `meqqelma molam~ yvela ganacvifra enebis
48
codniT, cixionmac miaqcia yuradReba da xmaze Seicno is ,,moxetiale derviSi~. gauRima man mamao
nikifores da sparsulad mimarTa:
`mowyaleo derviSoo...”
yuri aarida am naTqvams, TumcaRa yuradRebidan
ar gamoparvia cixionis mimarTva da mas sparsuladve
upasuxa:
- axla amisi dro ar aris, unda viCqaroT da
gvami amaRamve unda gavitanoT qalaqidano.
cixionma uTxra Wirisuflebs:
- qalaqidan gagataninebT cxedars, magram misi
qveynidan gatana gagiWirdebaTo.
portugalielma berma Tqva:
- Cven gavitanT dedoflis cxedars qveynidan.
Sahisgan xelSeuxeblobis firmani gvaqvso.
- sparseTSi aseTi firmani Cvenc gvaqvso, - SeewinaaRmdega italieli iezuiti.
gaeRima evropelTa gulubryvilobaze spars cixions.
- mag firmanebsa da xidan mowyvetil foTlebs
erTi fasi aqvso, - uTxra maT da nikifores mimarTa,
- mowyaleo derviSo, gadauTargmneo.
manac gadauTargmna yvelas Tav-TavianT enaze
cixionis naTqvami da Tavisic daamata:
- roca qari mouberavso.
- maSin ra vqnaTo? - ikiTxes erTxmad dabneulma
evropelebma.
- nawil-nawil unda gavitanoTo, - dinjad da
mtkiced Tqva nikiforem.
sayovelTao dumilma kiTxvebiT savse eWvebi
gamoxata da ar iyo saWiro kiTxvis xmamaRla dasma, ise ganmarta yvelaferi mamao nikiforem:
- cxedari unda davanawevroT. davirigebT am nawilebs da qveynis sxvadasxva mxares wavalT, bolos
yvelani saqarTveloSi SevikribebiT, erTarsad SevaerTebT cxedris nawilebs da mere mivcemT miwaso.
- dedofali xom wmindaniao, qristianobisTvis
Tavdadebulio! - wamoiZaxa portugalielma berma.
- hoda, miT umeteso, - sityva SeaSvela iezuitma, - wmindanTa nawilebi xom mTels saqristianoSia
gabneulio.
da ase gadawyvites...
da asec moxda...
magram misionerebi ver Seelien wamebuli dedoflis wminda nawilebs da is indoeTidan espaneTamde
gaifanta.
erTi saswauli moxda qeTevanis wmida nawilebis
SemobrZanebisas - kaxeTis sazRvarTan qarTvelTa
mxedroba daxvda martvil dedofals. gzad alazani
unda gadaevloT. uceb Zlieri qariSxali amovarda
da erT-erTi wmida nawili mdinareSi Cavarda. mdi-
narem umal aRma iwyo dineba da wmida nawilic Tan
gaiyola.
amis Semdeg alazani xan aRma adis, xan daRma
da daatarebs wmida dedofals iveriaSi da es
gagrZeldeba manamdis, sanam sxeulis yvela nawili
erTad ar moiyris Tavs.
imasac amboben, rom mdinaris aRma dinebisas
qarTvelTa Soris iseTi kaci ibadeba, romelic dinebis aRma iwyebs svlas da Tavis ersac aiyoliebso.
aseT kacebs sulkalmaxas uwodebeno. isini dedoflis
wmida nawilebs mihyvebian da ersac aseve daatarebeno.
roca dineba isev daRma svlas iwyebs sulkalmaxa
mainc aRma miuyveba dinebas, magram es qveyana ise
pataraa, rom Tu ar dinebis siswrafe mas qveyniereba ar eyofa Semosavlelad da amitom dinebis
siswrafis Zalas isev qveviT qveyanaSi Camohyavso.
xolo dinebis daRma dinebisas qarTvelTa Soris
iseTi kaci ibadeba, romelic wyals mihyveba da misi
qveyanac wyals miaqvso. amitom aseT kacs erSi
sulwawymedils eZaxian da eridebian yovelis mxriv
mis gamefebas. metwilad amamluqeben dinebis daRmamavalobisas dabadebulebs. ganicdian da glovoben
mSoblebi gatacebul Svilebs, magram maTi momkiTxavi aravinaa. mainca da mainc ukeTes yofaSi aRmoCenilebi arc TviTon cdiloben daubrundnen mamapapeul fesvebs.
aris kidev ori ukiduresoba dinebisas - aRmavlobisa Tu daRmavlobis bolo wertilze misvlisa
da mdinaris SeCerebisa. amboben aseT dros iSviaTad
ibadeba bavSvi da Tu ibadeba, aravin icis vin aris
iso, arc misi bedis asaval-dasavali icis mainca
da mainc xalxmao, mxolod varaudebiT Tu SeiZleba
imsjelon ama Tu im kacis ganvlili cxovrebis
ucnaurobis mixedviT mdinaris romeli gaCerebis
wertilze daibada igi.
ra Tqma unda, SecdomiT, magram xalxSi daiareboda azri imis Sesaxeb, rom TiTqos nikifore irbaxi mdinaris daRmavlobis gaCerebisas daibadao;
ra Tqma unda, nikifore irbaxi aravin icis rodis
daibada;
ra Tqma unda nikifore irbaxi gacilebiT adre
daibada, vidre qeTevan dedoflis wmida nawili
alazans SeerTveboda;
ra Tqma unda, alazani dedoflis martvilobamdec
aRma-daRma ivlida;
ra Tqma unda, adamianebic mdinaris aRma-daRmavlobis niSniT daibadebodnen;
ra Tqma unda, yvelaferi erT-arsad Sejgufda
bolos da ase msjelobden dResac adamianTa bediRbalze.
iveriaSi dabrunebisTanave nikifore irbaxi da-
ibara Teimuraz mefem da evropaSi daavala gamgzavreba:
romis papTan da espaniis mefesTan wignebi gaatana,
maTTan erTad gzad romel qveyanasac gaivlida, im
qveynis mefe enaxa, Tu amas TviTonve CaTvlida saWirod da maTTanac gaemarTa molaparakebebi sparseTTan omSi daxmarebis Sesaxeb.
Tavi gaiqnia irbaxma iWvneulad:
- sad europa da misi monarqebi da sad saqarTvelo Tavisi mter-moyvriTo. europa Soriao. vidre
me iqamdis mivaRwev, aqedan qva qvaze da ambis gamtani
ar darCebao.
- uars meubnebio? - dananebiT hkiTxa Teimurazma.
- ra brZanebaa, Cemo xelmwifev, Tundac dResve
waval, magram europa yuris ZirSi araa. europaze
metad lixT imereTi da odiSi mogexmareba jariT,
sursaTiTa da fuliT. europas arodes cxela CvenTvis, Tavisi safiqraliT aris garTuli. sababi gnebavs? iqac luterianni aviwroveben laTianTa saqristianos, Tundac kalvinelni. espanias zRvis mflobeloba es-esaa waarTva angliam, didi armada ver mounelebia espanias da Cven gamogviwvdis xels?! anglia
gnebavT, imasac Tavisi safiqrali aqvs, Caketila
Tavis kunZulebze da aswlovani omis Semdeg cxvirs
aRar hyofs did miwaze, arc sxvas uSvebs Tavis
samflobeloebSi mainca da mainc. prusiaao da litva-polonelebma tevtonebs iseTi dRe ayares, jerac
ver mosulan gons. aqeT poloneTi frTxilobs,
Tavisi Tavi gasWirvebia, aravin icis ra dros wamoesxmeba Tavs ruseTi. ruseTi racaa, Senc kargad ici,
mefev batono.
- aba, saSveli ar aris?
- saSveli aris, rogor ara. sruliad europam
Cveni saWiroeba unda igrZnos. arc Cven unda viyoT
maTTvis ucxoni da arc isini - CvenTvis. mimosvla
meti unda gvqondes. Cvens enas yuri unda SeaCvion.
bevri misioneri unda Camovides saqarTveloSi, Cvenganac bevri unda wavides. europiuli TamaSi unda
viTamaSoT.
- ki, magram, gvaclis am europiul TamaSs sparseTi da osmaleTi?
- vidremdis sparseTi da osmaleTi erTmaneTSi
metoqeoben, Cven arara dagvemarTeba. osmalos cali
fexi evropaSi aqvs, meore aziaSi. gaxidulia or
samyaroSi TaTari rodosis kolosiviT. sparseTs
ki es nakluloba aqvs: savaWrod europaze gasasvlels eZebs; europa ki indoeTSi misasvlel gzebs
eZebs: xuTwliani SualediT espaniidan qristoforo
kolumbi gavida zRvaSi, portugaliiTgan ki vasko
da gama. orive eqspediciis mizani iyo indoeTSi
umoklesi gzis povna. erTma axali miwebi aRmoaCina,
meorem afrikas Semouara da wvaleb-wvalebiT, magram
49
manac miaRwia indoeTamdis. europas indoeTSi oqrouloba da auarebeli Zvirfaseuloba eguleba. indoeTis umoklesi gza europidan indoeTisken iveriaze
gadis, es Senc kargad ici, mefev batono. amitom es
unda gamoviyenoT europelTa mosaxiblad da ara
sparsTan omi da brZolao.
- ki magram, rogor unda movxibloT europa,
roca Cven Cveni Tavi gagvWirvebia. es gza xom saxifaToa yovelis mxriv. aTasi dabrkolebaa, vidremde
indoeTamde CaaRwev.
- amitom yvelafers omi ki ara, goneba sWirdebao,
- Seepasuxa nikifore.
- es rogoro? - sxartad hkiTxa mefem.
- sruliad ubralodo: sparseTs sWirdeba europa,
europas - indoeTi, Cven - mSvidoba. sparseTi europamde an Cveni gavliT unda mivides, an osmaleTis.
evqsinis pontis gaRmac osmaleTia. sakmarisia qarTul
sanapiroebze sparsuli xomaldebi gaCndes, wonasworoba Seicvleba zRvaze. amitom sparsTan omi ki
ara, dayvaveba da gonivruli urTierToba gvWirdeba.
Sen me pirvel yovlisa abas-yeenTan unda mgzavnideo.
masTan saqmis mogvareba niSnavs Cvens mSvidobas.
merme europasTanac meti saTqmeli gveqneba da isic
metad moixibleba CveniT da TviTon europa aiZulebs
osmaleTs indoeTSi mimosvlas ar SeuSalos xeli.
axla, marTalia, mogzaurobaTa TavdaviwyebaSi arian
gadavardnili europielni, magram male mixvdebian,
Tu ukve mixvedrilni ar arian, rom warmatebuli
mogzauroba araTu raimes aRmoCenaSi mdgomareobs,
aramed imaSi, Tu raoden dazogavs xarjebs am mogzaurobebisas, Torem axla samyaros oTxiv mxares rom
gamiSva, raRacas mec aRmovaCen. adamianebi karCaketilobidan samyaros ukidegano sivrceebs euflebian. Sen
rogor ggonia, mefev batono, sul ase gagrZeldeba?
- aRmosaCeni rom aRaraferi iqneba da uCvenodac
gaikvleven gzas, Cven raRa vqnaT mermeo?
- samwuxarod, Cvenc karCaketil cxovrebas veweviT, sparseTma da osmaleTma xrmals da miwas migvajaWva da vera vgrZnobT, ver vxvdebiT, rogor icvleba msoflio azrovneba. Sen axla mecnierobaSi
naxe, ra warmatebebs miaRwies europielma swavlulebma. CvenSi omi unda Sewydes da goneba davasvenoT
filakavaniT, mSvild-isriT, abjriT, xrmal-muzaradiT.
aReb-micemobis dro modis, Cvenc aReb-micemobaSi
unda gavsarjoT Cveni odiTi metoqeebi. iseTi ram
unda SevTavazoT maT, rac aqamomdis arodes unaxavT.
amisTvis europa gagvanaTlebs. amisTvis unda gamoviyenoT europa. viswavloT misgan, rac saswavlelia
da europiuli azrovnebiTa da msofl-WvretiT davelaparakoT maT. merme sparseTisTvisac mimzidvelebi
gavxdebiT araTu imisTvis, rom gadagvaSenos da ga-
50
dagvajiSos, aramed imisTvis, rom Cvenis wyalobiT
meti isargeblos im msoflio azrovnebidan. Cven
unda gavxdeT karibWe europasTan da es karibWe
Ria unda iyos maTTvis, Torem, erTi dRe iqneba, isini Semoamtvreven mas, rogorc cdilobdnen odiT.
iqamde, saomari iaraRebic metad daxvewili aqvs
europas, vidre sparseTs. esec unda viswavloT maTgan da davnergoT CvenSi. xrmalis dro midis, samagierod zarbaznebisa da Tofis dro modis. roca
SeviaraRdebiT mewinave iaraRiT, sparseTsac SeeSindeba Cveni da osmaleTsac. Amas ki dro moitans. hoda, europa rom gamowuravs indoeTs, iveriaSi fexi
mokidebuli eqneba ukve da Cvenc misi ganuyofeli
nawili viqnebiT. maTTvis Cveni dacva marto qristianuli Rirsebis ki ara saarsebo aucileblobidan
iqneba ganpirobebuli, Tu vinme odesme Sebedavs
Cvens SebRalvaso.
- lamazad bWob, Rirso mamao, magram es ki gaviwydeba, rom saqarTveloSi erTi mefe ar zis da
abas-yaens europaze gasasvlelad sul mcire sam
mefesTan da or mTavarTan mouwevs urTierTobao.
sxva rom ara, me sisxli mmarTebs da es daRvrili
sisxli ar momcems masTan Tavisuflad laparakis
saSualebas.
- me mesmis Seni, Cemo mwyalobelo xelmwifeo,
magram Senc unda Seismino Cemi. abass Seni didebuli
mSoblisa da Svilebis sisxlSi aqvs xeli gasvrili.
magram Sen xom mefe xar. Sen valdebuli xar pirad
grZnobebze amaRlde Seni eris sakeTildReod da
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi Sens dauZinebel mterTanac
unda gaaba urTierToba. iseT SemTxvevaSi, Tu Cven
irans europisken gavuxsniT gzas, misTvis umjobesi
iqneba xuT mefe-mTavarTan laparaks, erTs daelaparakos, xuT samefo-samTavros gadakveTas misTvis amjobebs erTi saxelmwifo gadakveTos. sparseTisTvis
aseTi saasparezo are hereTidan evqsinis pontamdis
gadaiWimeba da dRes rom iveriis gaerTianebis pirvel
mtrad gvevlineba, merme is gaerTianebuli iveriis
Tavgamodebuli damcveli gaxdeba, damcveli Tu ara,
qomagi da gulSematkivari mainc.
- bevri ram ar gesmis, Rirso mamao, saxelmwifoTaSoris urTierTobaSi, amitom girCev iseT sferoebSi nu SeiWrebi, ris Sesaxebac ara gagegeba ra. Sen
mxolod is aRasrule, rasac gibrZaneben. es aris da
es. Seni msoflWvretiT Cems miznebs amsxvrev. amitom
saxifaTocaa SenTvis akrZaluls miRma fiqric kio.
- drois sunTqvas ver grZnob, mefev batono, TavisTvis Cailaparaka nikiforem, - hoda, amis gamo
mtkiva gulio. me gana Sens neba-survils vewinaaRmdegebi, me msurs, rom Senma neba-survilebma saTanado
Sedegebi gamoiRoso. me kargad vicnob europas,
Senze kargad, Cemo mefeo. me xom europam gamomzarda.
me kargad maqvs Seswavlili sparseTica da osmaleTic. sparseTi aTaseuli wlebia Cveni mezoblebi
arain. avi Tu gvaxsovs magaTgan, kargic gvaxsovs.
osmaleTi ki imis Semdeg dagvimezoblda, rac bizantiam dakarga Tavisi xibli da gaqra kidec qveynierebis zedapiridan, Tanac ise gaqra, veraferi rom
ver aRadgens verasodes. metsac getyvi, iranze meti
mteri CvenTvis osmaleTia. arafers getyvi ruseTze,
is jer Zalas ikrebs sakuTar TavSi. Cvenis mecadineobiT Soridan gviTvalTvalebs, rogorc mxeci samomavlo nadavls, romelsac ori mtacebeli ver iyofs
da amisTvis erTmaneTs samkvdro-sasicocxlod gadakidebian, bolos es momlodine erTi zusti naxtomiT rom daepatronos yvelasfers. imedia, Cvens
sicocxleSi es ar moxdeba da Cveni Svilebis sicocxleSico. dadgeba dro, sparseTica da osmaleTic xvewna-mudaras dagviwyeben, oRond ruseTs Tavi daanebeT da nu gagvimezoblebT, samagierod rasac gvTxovT, yvelafers agisrulebT, warTmeulsac
ukan dagibrunebT da sxvasac bevrs gifeSqaSebTo.
isini kargad Sexedaven ruseTis mzard saSiSroebas, magram ukve gviani iqneba. Cven dawerili wigniviT saukuneebia gadagveSala es qveyana misdauneburad, magram jiuti uwignurebiviT SevCerebivarT
TvalebSi. ar gvinda misi wakiTxva da amocnoba,
erTmorwmuneobiT vibrmavebT Tvalebs, da mitom.
am ruseTis madis aRZvra isev da isev, mxolod
da mxolod Cveni miamituri bunebis brali iqnebao.
- Sen ratomRac Cems gamosajavreblad Cems
megobrebs esxmi Tavs da gaviwydeba ruseTi da osmaleTi Cveni mokavSireebi rom ariano, - iwyina Teimurazma ruseTis augad xseneba.
- es saubrebi Sors wagviyvans, sjobs isev europaSi mogzaurobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi ganvixiloTo, - Sewyvita Tavisi msjeloba nikiforem.
- ase sjobso, - daeTanxma Teimurazi da Seatyo
nikiforem, rogor gadauvida gacxareba mefes.
- Tu SesaZlebeli iqneba, ociode bavSvi Sekribe
Sens samefoSi da Tan gamayoleo. - rad gindao? ikiTxa Teimurazma.
- es bavSvebi adre Tu gvian gamamluqebisTvis
arian ganwirulni, ar ajobebs maT europis sxvadasxva
qveyanaSi mivaRebinoT ganaTleba da mere europiuli ganaTlebiT dagvibrundnen samSobloSio?!
- Cemo nikoloz, - mefem eriskacobis saxeliT
rom mimarTa mamao nikifores, amiT xazi gausva
misdami megobrul da Sinaurul damokidebulebas.
es igrZno nikiforem da Seemzada mefis enakvimatobis
mosasmenad da amanac ar daayovna, - europiuli ganaTlebiT Senc gvyofni da axla SenisTana ociode
kaci rom Camovides aq, xom gadaatriales es simwriT
Sekowiwebuli qveyanao. ise, simarTle giTxra, es
kargi azria. magram romis papTan rom Caxval, masTan
daayene es sakiTxic, aseve espaniisa da sxva qveynebis
mefeebTan. iqneb xarjebic maTve gaiRon. Cven ki
CvendaTavad ocsac gavgzavniT da ergassac, TavianTi
meTvalyureebianad. mTels europaSi gavabnioT es
bavSvebi da sxvadasxva xeloba, sxvadasxva xelovneba,
sxvadasxva mecnieroba SevaswavloT. marTlac, gamamluqebas europiuli ganaTlebis miReba ajobebs, ra
Tqma undao. am jerze veravis gagatan, Rirso mamao.
amazec dayabulda nikifore irbaxi, igi evropaSi
aucileblad gaarkvevs romel saswavlebelSi gaamwesebs qarTvel ymawvilebs, xarjebsac daTvlis da
warudgens xelmwifes. isic imTaviTve icis, es saxsrebi rogor moapovebinos gapartaxebuli qveynis xazinas. zogadad yvelaferi icis, mefe daugzavnis wignebs
mefeebs,
papebs,
kardinalebsa da
mTavrebs,
amis miRma man unda iRonos yvelaferi, evropas
daanaxos indoeTisken umoklesi gza. man isic kargad
icis, rom qveynierebaze axla zRviT mogzaurobis
droa damdgari aTasgvari dabrkolebisa da saSiSroebis miuxedavad. evropis gonierebas indoeTis gzebi
ki ara, ufrore zRvis dapyroba da damorCileba
sWirdeba. araferia, es saxadic gadauvlis evropas,
merme dawynarebul gunebaze ifiqrebs, igi daelodeba,
aucileblad daelodeba, evropaSi iqneba Tu saqarTveloSi, im nanatr dromde miva, roca am naswavli
ymawvilebiT gon-gaxsnili iveria aleqsandre makedoneliviT nanatr ocnebas daudebs safuZvels da
evropasa da azias erTmaneTTan daakavSirebs
ara omiT,
aramed mimosvliT,
gacvla-gamocvliT,
aReb micemobiT.
maSin iveria Tavis daniSnulebas i povis kacobriobaSio, - amas fiqrobda nikifore irbaxi evropis gzaze.
sxvas fiqrobda Teimurazi:
- Zlivas movicile es abezari mRvdelio, yvelaferSi cxvirs yofs, rac misi saqme araao. sada mcalian masTan bodiSoba, qveyanas unda mivxedo. mtrad
mosulia abasi, es ki masTan megobrobas mirCevso.
Slegia es sabralo xucesi, aba ra unda vuwodo
aseT kacsao. igi evropas kargad icnobs da iyialos
aqeT-iqiTo. Tu vinme mefeTagani gadaacdina Cvenda
sasargeblod, xom kargi, Tu arada erTxans Tavs
mainc damanebebs da TviTonac gaerTobao.
amas fiqrobda da Tan axali leqsis gamocxo-
51
bas Seudga, fiqrobda da werda maRal zneobriv
leqss, sparsul yaidaze moWrils da rusTvelurad
gawyobils.
am cxel gulze Teimurazs levan dadianma kaci
aaxla, TavisTan iwvevda odiSs, uTvlida mamidaisSvili biZaSvils:
- karga xania ar mstumrebixar, verc me gewvie
abasis gamo kaxeTso. es wlebi, vici, daZabuli gqonda,
amitom Tavi ganitvirTeo. arc me mqonda dalxeniT
saqme, magram Sengan gansxvavebiT Sin arc erTi
mteri ar mixteboda da Sinadve vagvarebdi maTTan
urTierTobebso. Sen ki deda-budianad agyara wyeulma Sahma da vis karzec xar dRes, xval isini
gagimterdebian da mere kidev sxvis karze xar
atuzulio. Camodi Cemsas, abasis jibrze icxovre
odiSs ramdeni xanic genebos. merme xelsayreli
dro ixelTe da daibrune Seni taxti. erTxel ase
vqeniT, maSin netarxsenebulma luarsabma ar dagvijera da gaiZvera Sadimans daujera. Tavic amitom
waago. iyav Cemsas. sasikeTo xmebic momdis qarTliTgan. wignSi amas ver getyvio.
ase iyo Tu ise, Teimurazs umal evropas wargzavnili nikifore gaaxsenda da ifiqra:
- levanTan stumroba imiTac iqneba sasargeblo,
rom am irbaxs mas gadavulocav da merme, ase
uqniaT, erTmaneTs Tavebi amtvriono. RvTis wyalobasaviT gamomegzavna levanis wignio. eWvsac veravin
aiRebs, TviTon levania Cemi stumrobis moTaveo. iq
davelodebi nikifores da vubrZaneb elCobis Sedegebi odiSs macnoboso. marTalia, levans raRac
gaTvla eqneba Cemi odiSSi stumrobiT, magram es
CemTvis meorexarisxovania. is CemTvisac xelsayrelad unda vaqcio. am damTxveul mRvdels rom Camovicileb, meti xeiri ra ginda rom iyos! iqneb
levansac moutanos xeiri nikiforemao.
devnil mefes wignis wakiTxvis Semdeg, ra Tqma
unda, saxe gaebadra, magram levanis Sikriks ubrZana
erTi dRiT moecada, vidremde odiSis mTavarTan
sapasuxo wigns gaatanda. es erTgvari TavpatiJi
iyo Teimurazisgan, magram sakmaod moxerxebuli da
saqmiani ieris SemZeni. Sikrikmac da levanmac kargad
icodnen, Teimurazi am mowvevas rom uyoymanod daTanxmdeboda. amisaTvis maspinZelma stumris misaRebad
windawinve Tadarigi daiWira da mefisTvis saTanado darbazi gamoyo.
arc Teimurazma,
arc levanma da
miT umetes arc nikifore irbaxma
ar icodnen, ra nayofieri gamodgeboda odiSis
ZlierebisTvis kaxeTis mefis stumroba.
arc is icodnen -
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arc stumarma da arc maspinZelma ra saCuqars umzadebda Teimurazi levans nikifores saxiT.
ase iolad icilebdnen Tavidan did kacebs patarpatara mefukebi da gonier kacebs xvdebodaT aseTi
saCuqrebi, magram am gonier kacebs Zalaufleba ar
hyofnidaT droulad da jerovnad gamoeyenebinaT
es didi kacebi qveynis sasikeTod.
mamai nikifore mudmivad werda wignebs Teimuraz
mefes, Tu ra gaakeTa, vis Sexvda, ra gadawyda, aseve
uxatavda evropuli cxovrebis zogad suraTebs.
werda
monarqebze da papebze,
mTavrebze da grafebze,
ministrebze da elCebze,
xatavda ama Tu im qveynis mdgomareobis suraTebs... da saerTo evropul ganwyobebsa da miswrafebebze. ris Semdeg ras apirebda, sad unda wasuliyo da vin unda enaxa ra mizniT.
werda
mniSvnelovansa da umniSvnelos,
mecnierul siaxleebzec, Tu ra gziT midioda
msoflio azrovneba.
wignebis dawerasa da gamogzavnas ver aswrebda, rom
axali iwereboda, Teimurazic kiTxvas ver audioda.
zogi ram gatacebiT CaikiTxa,
zogs zereled avlebda Tvals,
wignis zogierT monakveTs arc kiTxulobda, imdenad arasaWirod miaCnda mefes.
merme am wignTa kiTxvac mowyinda da ukve miwerilebi da axlad miRebulebi da momavalSi dasaweric Tavis guluxv maspinZels gadauloca wasakiTxad da gasacnobad, iqneb rameSi gamogadgeso,
TviTon ki Sah-abasTan TvalTmaqcuri SerigebiT iyo
dakavebuli da ispahans Tavis elCebs agzavnida.
levansac gaumxila ganazraxi, marTalia, dadianma
ar moiwona Teimurazis gadawyvetileba, magram imedi gamoTqva, rom kaxT-batoni moaxerxebda mosisxle
mterTan `Serigebas”. odiSis mTavarma icoda, rom
mourav-xani qarTlSi iyo da sarwmunod modioda
ambebi saakaZis idumali saqmianobis Sesaxeb. amitom
aridebda Tavis biZis-Svils naadrev dazavebas. ndobiT
masac ar endoboda bolomde, rom gaemxila sparseTTan moaxlebuli omis SesaZlebloba, arada awuxebda
Teimurazis siCqare.
- iqneb marTlac sazavod mieces qarTvelebs
saqme da warsdeqi merme Sen, rogorc ganze mdgomi
da ubralo mozave. sixaruliT migiRebs abasi, Tu
sazavod ar mogveca saqme. kaxeTi xom Senia da
RmerTma mogaxmaroso. Tu ar daganebes qarTvelebma,
qarTvelis damarcxebas ra unda?! - CaixiTxiTa
levanma da nikifores werilebis sakiTxavad wavida.
nikifore ki ityobineboda:
gemiT mSvidobianad vimgzavreT da neapolis navTsayudarSi gavCerdiT. me aq Camovedi, gemi ki genuaSi agrZelebda svlas. aq adgilobrivma abatma migviRo, gamoikiTxa Cveni Camosvlis mizezi da iverTa
mefis beWdiani wigni rom vuCveneT pontifikosisadmi miwerili, didad gaixara. samtrod mosulni
vegoneT Tavdapirvelad da mesame-meoTxe WiqaSi
gamogvityda:
- Tqveni wignebis CamorTmeva gvindoda, magram
vinaidan Tqvenc qristianebi xarT, saqristiano migiRebT rogorc mokeTe Zmebsao.
esec mkiTxa:
- ase zedmiwevniT rad iswavle italiuri enao?
- romSio, - vupasuxe.
ar moeloda am pasuxs, egona sadRac gadasakargavSi misioneris madliT viswavle enebi. merme ase
miTxra:
- me am xnis moviyare da sul Cems saabatoSi
var gamoketili. damijerebT, ori fexis gawvdomazea aqedan romi da jerac ar vyofilvar am maradiul qalaqSi. Tqven ki, Soreuli iveriis Svilo,
romSi yofilxarT ganswavlulio. ise aewyo Cemi
saqmeebi, am qalaqidan jerac ver gavsulvaro, arada, vin miSlis?!
- hoda, amaze kargi sababi ra geqneba, mowyaleo
mamao, wamogvyevi da Tavad wargvadgine romis papTano.
am winadadebaze didad gaixara abatma da Tavis
msaxurT mgzavrobisTvis mzadeba ubrZana. maT gaikvires, magram raxan masTan ucxoeli stumrebi
viyaviT, didmniSvnelovan saqmed CaTvales da facifuciT daiwyes mzadeba, Tan Woraobasac mihyves
xeli. erT RameSi ra ar viyaviT maT warmodgenaSi,
Tvla aRaraa. Cvens mosasvenebel keliaSi kargad
ismoda maTi saubrebi, radgan erT dros Cveni oTaxi da gverdiTa oTaxi erT darbazs warmoadgenda
da ratomRac calfa aguriT gayves da keliebad
gadaakeTes isini. albaT sagangebod gaakeTes ase,
ufro ioli rom yofiliyo miyuradeba. me Cems
qarTvel TanmxlebT vuTargmnidi maT naCurCuls,
isini ki Cumad xvixvinebdnen. erTis sityviT, im
RamiT gvianobamdis gagvarTves berebma. diliT adrianad gavemgzavreT romSi.
- erTi ram unda mogaxseno, mefev batono, agrZelebda sxva wignSi nikifore mRvdeli, - europaSi
amasobaSi lamisaa cxenze jdomas gadaveCvio. aq
miRebulia oTxTvaliT mgzavroba da es oTxTvala
isea mowyobili, rom cxeniT erTi dRis savals
sul raRac saaTsa Tu or saaTSi dafarav. erTgvari
marxilia, oTxTvalaze dadebulia msubuqad SeWe-
dili patara oTaxi or mxridan rbili savarZlebiT.
masSi sul mcire oTxi cxenia Sebmuli, Tu SeZlebul
kacs daemgzavrebi, rva cxenic SeiZleba iyos Sebmuli
or-or wyvilad. bunebrivia, rac metia cxeni, miT
meti aqvs siCqare am mowyobilobas. saamisod gzebic
mowesrigebulia, oRro-CoRro da ormoebi rom ar
Sexvdes mimavals. aseT dros gardauvali marcxi
elodeba mgzavrs. gadaxurulsa da cxenebs Soris
kaci zis da marTavs cxenebs. mas quCers uxmoben,
xolo am mowyobilobas kareta hqvia. metad kargi
ram aris es karetebi. asevea Ria karetebi, sazafxulod dadian imiT warCinebuli seniorebi, aba glexobasa da ubir xalxs vin miscems aseT fufunebas.
am karetebis naxazebs Camogitan da gaaxleb piradad,
mefev-batono. Cqarobs europa, aRar hyofnis europas europa da axlad aRmoCenil samyaroSi miuwevs
guli. ase amboben, iq el’doradoao. hoda, dadian
zRvaosnebi am el’dorados qveynebSi da mihyavs
xalxi da CamoaqvT qveynis ram, aqamdisin rom ar
uxilavs araTu europas, aramed aziasac da afrikasac.
es nakeTobebio, es mcenareulobebio, es qsovil-naWrebio, ra vici kidev ra ara... ambebic ucnauri CamoaqvT, gadaries pirdapir mTeli europa. piramidebiao,
amboben - piramidebi me egvi pteSi minaxavs. ara, iseTi araao, amboben, kibeebianiao. Tu RmerTma ineba, im
ucnauri piramidebis monaxuleba msurs. erTxel
ise aRmiwera es piramidebi mezRvaurma, sizmarSi
vnaxe. merme misi Canaxati gavakeTe da vanaxe mas.
- swored aseTiao. Sen saidan naxe es piramidao?
- mkiTxa, - nanaxi Tu gqonda, ratom malaparake amdenio.
gamecina. vuTxari:
- damesizmra-Tqo.
almacerad gamiRima, ar damijera. hoda, aseTi
europa, romelic gadasakargavSi, CvenSi rom ityvian
cxra mTasa da cxra zRvas iqiT, el’dorados qveynebs i pyrobs da imorCilebs, cxenze jdomas, bunebrivia, aRar dayabuldeba da male TviTmaval etlebsac gamoigoneben. Cemi aq ymawvilobaSi yofnisas
galilei gviambobda pirad saubrebSiLleonardo da
vinCis naxazebze. Turme mas hqonia orTqlis Zrava
daxatuli.
- hoda es Zrava am karetebze rom daayenoo, gvarwmunebda galilei, - es karetebi TavisiT ivlian
cxenebis gareSeo.
me maSin karetebic ki ar menaxa, rogori iyo da
es gonieri xalxi TviTmavlebze gvelaparakebodnen.
saocrebebi xdeba, mefev batono, europaSi. naTeli
goni imarjvebs TandisTanobiT yvela sferoSi.
RmerTo mapatie da nu Semrisxav, magram romis
papsac Seekveca sambrZaneblo. iqeT nemencur-prusiuli miwebi daakargvina luTerma, mogvianebiT kal-
53
vinelebma. britaneTis kunZulebi raxania gamosulia
laTinTa samwysodan. franciaSic ewadaT, magram
verras gaxdnen, TumcaRa iq iseTi kardinali mefobs,
romelic araTu romis paps, Tavis sakuTar mefesac
ar epueba da Tavis winadadebebs karnaxobs. armanus riSelie hqvia saxelad. hoda, masTan unda
gavmarTo molaparakebebi, franciis imedi Tu gvinda
gvqondes. erTi espaniaa darCenili, mtkiced roma
aqvs mokidebuli fexi laTinebs, eSiniaT granadis
emirati ar aRdges, qveyanaSi mravlad arian moriskebi,
da mitom. es moriskebi arabul-afrikuli warmoSobis
yofili muslimanebi arian, espania osmalos uRlisgan
ganTavisuflebis Semdeg rom daeria da gaaqristiana.
Tavis mxriv espanias Tvali uWiravs italiur
qveynebze da niderlandebis respublikaze. es respublika Turme yofila umefo mmarTveloba. RmerTma daifaros iveria da iveriis mefeebi respublikisgan. romi vidremde imperia gaxdeboda, respublika
yofilao, - ase miTxres patreebma. senats xalxi
irCevdao, saajo kari rom hqonda did daviT mefes
CvenSi, imdagvari, oRond umefod, an mefianad, roca
mefe emorCileba senats. CvenSi yovelTvis mefis
neba yovelgvar darbazze da saajo karze umtkicesi
iyo da hgies ukunisamde. ai, Tamar mefis dros rom
moisurva yuTlu arslanma karvis gamarTva, iseTi
mmarTveloba undaT SemoiRon mTels europaSi. amis
winapirobas TviT europieli mefeebi iZlevian TavianTi uzneobiT. espaniis habsburgebi, magaliTebr,
gadaekiden saRvTo romis imperias, eqiSpebian pirvelobisTvis erTmaneTs. nemencebi ise arian daqsaqsulni,
deda Svils ver aiyvans - zogi kalvinelia, zogic
luTereli, aqa-iq kaTolikobasac misdeven. yvelaferi
es damokidebulia ara mefeze, aramed grafebze, es
grafebi CvenSi rom mTavrebi arian, iseTi Zalaufleba
gaaCniaT. yvela erTad romis paps ewinaaRmdegeba,
ver uTmoben sasuliero sambrZaneblos, imis iqeT
ukve mefeebi batonoben. arc mefeebs awyobT mainca
da mainc Zlieri saeklesio xelisufleba. franciaSi,
erTxel ukve mogwere kardinali mefobs, roSelie.
masTan warvgzavne sarwmuno kacni da audiencia
viTxove. vgoneb, yvelafers kargi piri uCans. is
sarwmuno kaci espaniis mefis ambebsac Sematyobinebs: riT da rogor movinadiro Zlieri monarqis
guli (ase uxmoben mefeebs europaSi).
erTic kargi cnoba minda mogando, mefev batono,
gardasul saukuneebSi iyo aseTi kaci giutenbergi,
romelmac xataelTa wabaZviT manqana gamoigona da
wignebis beWdvas mihyo xeli. europaSi damkvidrda
wignTa beWdvis xeloba. liTonze asxamen aso-bgerebis nimuSebs, literebs uxmoben aseT patar-patara Camosxmul aso-bgerebs. mermeT asoTa amwyob-
54
ni sityvebs kreben. ukuRmiTaa Camosxmuli literebi,
waRmiT rom daibeWdos. mermeT am awyobil gverdebs
dazgaSi amagreben, saRebavs usvamen, masze deben
qaRalds an pergaments. dazga dawnexavs damagrebul
gverdebs da qaRalds erTmaneTze, merme aiReben
anabeWds da wignebad kraven. ase aseulobiT wignis
dabeWdva SeiZleba, gadamwerebi aRarcaa saWiro.
erTma aqaurma abatma SemomTavaza qarTulad romelsame wignis dabeWdva. Cemis azriT pirvelad rac
SeiZleba daibeWdos italiaSi, es sityvaT-cnobaria
italiuris TargmnebiT. laTinebic gaigeben yovelisfers da qarTvelTaTvisac xelmisawvdomi iqneba italiuri enis Seswavla da aq rom Camovlen saswavleblad ymawvilebi, gauioldebaT mecnierebaTa daufleba
italiuris codnis gamo. axla yvelafers vRonilob, iqneb vinme litografi vnaxo, qarTuli anbanis
literebi rom Camogvisxas da daamzados. franciskanelma berebma wigni maCuqes, leqsikons uxmoben,
sityvaTa-ganmartebania. amis magaliTebr unda davwero italiur-qarTuli leqsikoni. aqauri swavlulebic gamimarTaven xels. maT ician rogor unda
aigos sityvaT-ganmartebani. umTavresi monaxazebi
Semaswavles, ras unda mieqces yuradReba - aso-bgeraTa Tanmimdevrobas, advili saZebneli rom gaxdes,
Torem sityvebi aRireva da bevric gamogvrCebao.
erTni italiuris sityvebiT momamarageben, me qarTul
Sesatyvisebs mivuTiTeb. mermeT erTianad gadavxedavT
da wignad avawyobT mas. RmerTi mogvimarTavs xels.
ymawvilkacobaSi rom viyavi aq, europaSi saxelganTqmuli moleqsis Seqspiris nabeWdi wigni SeviZine
raRac-raRac danazogebiT. es Seqspiri iseTivea europisTvis, viTa qarTvelTaTvis rusTveli. oRond esaa,
rom Seqspiris wignebs aravin amziTvebs.
axla franciis kardinalTan wargzavnili kacisgan miviRe wigni. riSelie Turme daTanxmebula
CemTan audiencias. ra vqna, pontifikosTanac mqonda
aseTive audienciaze mowveva. aqauri patreebi mirCeven
saswrafod franciaSi gamgzavrebas.
- is ufro mniSvnelovaniao, - meubnebian, - papi
sad gageqcevao, riSelie ki metad TavkerZa kacia
da misi ugulebelhyofa SeiZleba Zvirad dagijdeso.
xelmwifeebs aukrZalavs SenTan urTierTobas da
sasaxleebic saguldagulod daixureba SenTviso.
amitom iCqare da daTqmuli dRisTvis mis TvalsawierSi iyavio.
dovlaTiani kacia riSelie, yvela qveyanaSi hyavs
Tavisi jaSuSi. SeiZleba iTqvas, mTeli Tu ara, naxevarze meti europa muWSi hyavs moqceuli. amitom
vCqarob da vwyvet am wigns. danarCens gzadagza
gacnobeb, Cemo keTilismyofelo xelmwifeo.
diax, mefev-batono, - agrZelebda sxva wignSi
ambebis Txrobas nikifore irbaxi, - Sevxvdi armanus
riSelies. didebuli apartamentebi aqvs parizis
SuagulSi, gareubnadac aqvs mamulebi. keTilganwyobiT mimiRo kardinalma. dawvrilebiT gamomkiTxa
iveriasa da iveriis mefeTa Sesaxeb. bevri ram Cveni
qveynis Sesaxeb TviTonac scodnia. wmida graalze
gamimaxvila yuradReba, ase miTxra:
- wmida graalisa da sauflo kvarTis mcvel
ers visi ra daxmareba gWiriaTo. erTxans europa
iveriis mefe-xucesma gadaarCina da gogsa da magogs
Seukra xel-fexi da Cvensken salaSqrod ar gadmouSva, imdenad mZlavri dartyma miayenao. aq menestrelebi masze sagaloblebs Txzaveno.
riSelies kargad scodnia abas-yaenis simxeceTa
ambebi.
- portugalielma berebma qeTevan dedoflis
wmida nawili aq moasvenes da mec pativi mqonda
mesa aRmevlina misi wmida sulisTviso.
ase rom, riSelie cudi sasaubro kaci ar aris,
TumcaRa masTan Sexvedra yovelTvis safrTxiloa,
ar ici ra udevs gunebaSi im wuTSi, da mitom. jariT daxmarebas rac Seexeba, amaze Tavi Seikava, jari aqac mWirdeba da sakmao raodenobisao. ymawvilTa
ganswavlaze ki sixaruliT damTanxmda, ase brZana
misma brwyinvalebam:
- Tu inebebs Tqveni xelmwife da ramdensac
inebebs, yvelas europis saukeTeso saswavleblebsa
da akademiebSi gavamwesebT da Tanxasac Tavidan
bolomde piradad me gaviRebo.
samxedro daxmarebisTvis ki wigni maaxla saSuamdgomlo espaniis mefesTan, Tu raime SeZleba eqneba,
or-sam korpus jarisas dagaxmarso.
riSeliem pativi damdo da wveuleba gamimarTa,
franciis mefec moiwvia liudoviko meaTsammete. am
wveulebaze velmoJebma mimabes, Tu rogor gadaarCina
xelmwife SeTqmulebas ingliseli avantiurist hercog bukingemisgan, romelic dedofals dauaxlovda
mefis taxtidan Camogdebis wadiliT. riSelies mokvdinebac ndomebia Turme. rom ara samefos pirveli
ministrisa da kardinalis mecadineoba, SeTqmulebi
sawadels miaRwevdnen. axla imdenadaa daculi kardinalis sicocxle da usafrTxoeba, rom amas mTeli
polki uzrunvelhyofs - polki jaris didi SenaerTia europiul enebze. isic miambes, rom riSeliem dedofalsac erT dros gadaafiqrebina da xeli
aaRebina SeTqmulebaze, ris gamoc liudovik mefis
gansakuTrebuli ndoba daimsaxura da amis Semdgomad eboZa pirveli ministris savarZeli. amJamad
mefe da kardinali la-roSelis alyas xelmZRvaneloben ukve meramdene Tvea. me espaniidan vadevneb
Tvals am alyas. mowinaaRmdege isev is TaRliTi
hercogia. riSeliem xerxi ixmara da damba aagebina
moalyeebs. amiT zRvidan Caketa kunZuli. es damba
erTgavri kedelia, aleqsandre makedoneli iyenebda
mas, Semoewyoboda ra auRebel cixe-galavnebs, dambebs
agebda da amis meSveobiT iRebdnen cixeebs. riSeliemac am xerxs mimarTa. amasobaSi kardinalma Tavisi
mstovari Seagzavna la-roSelSi da hercogi bukingemi moakvlevina. dReebis saqmea da la-roSeli
daecema. Tanac hugenotebsac CauvardaT kovzi nacarSi. egonaT aujanydebodnen pirvel ministrs, magram
iZulebuli gaxdnen sakuTar naWuWSi Caiketon. amiT
riSeliem espaniasac agrZnobina, rom francia amis
iqiT saerTaSoriso asparezze damoukidebeli moTamaSea da ara misi qveSevrdomi. Cvenc aseTi Zalis
wigni gagvatana espaniis mefesTan filipe meoTxesTan.
aqac TiTqmis igive mdgomareobaa, rac franciaSi. fili pe ymawvilia, mouSuSebeli, itacebs sasaxlis karis cxovreba, saxelmwifoze odnavadac ar
zrunavs. qveyanas grafi-hercogi gaspar olivaresi
marTavs - friad saSiSi pirovneba. riSeliesgan
gansxvavebiT igi mxolod Zalauflebis moxveWaze
fiqrobs da ara mis gamoyenebaze. imdenad gaumaZRaria
olivaresi, grafisa da hercogis wodebebi gaierTiana, CvenSi rom vTqvaT `Tavad-aznauri”, raRac amdagvari sWirs. riSelies wigni lamis Tavze damaxia,
magram didgvarovnulma wesierebam mainc Tavisi
Tqva. Tanac aqac, am gulgorozi graf-hercogis
sasaxleSic smeniaT da sakmaod safuZvlianadac
qeTevan dedoflis Sesaxeb. es rom Sevityve, olivaress vuTxari:
- me qeTevan dedoflis saxelovani Svilis Teimurazis elCi var-Tqo.
didad gaixara gasparma, guldasmiT momismina,
manac riSelies msgavsad jarze uari momaxsena,
ymawvilTa gawvrTnaze ki siamovnebiT damTanxmda:
- esao-da, Tu gnebavT, mTeli iveria CamodiT
CvenTan gindac iswavleT, gindac icxovreTo. Cvenc
xom iverielebi varT, oRond pireneebis iveriaao,
Tqven ki - kavkasiisao. es mTelma espaniam icis da
gulwrfelad moxarulni viqnebiT, Tu Tavs daaRwevT im kaciWamia sparsebsa da osmalebso.
xumroba megona, Turme gulwrfeli yofila. riSeliesgan gansxvavebiT, romelic mudam fxizlobs,
ZilSic ki, olivaresi mudam mTvralia, sifxizleSic
ki. erTica da meorec SesaSurad uZRvebian TavTavianT saqmeebs. marTalia, erTmaneTs ver itanen, magram
angariSs uweven erTmaneTsao. am didvezirTa paeqrobaSi gamoWyentilia TviT pontifikosi urbani.
isic raa, Tavis naTesavebzea gadayolili. laTinuri eklesiis sambrZanebloSi daxvavebulni arian
kardinalebad barberinebi -
55
aqeT es naTesavi,
iqiT is naTesavi.
axali Camosuli viyavi romSi, roca miqelanjelos mier oTxmoci wlis win damuSavebuli wmida
petres taZris mSenebloba dasrulda da papma sazeimo mesa gadaixada dasrulebul taZarSi. eniT auwereli didebulebaa. is TviTon unda naxo da ganicado sakuTari Tavica da mTeli samyaroc am
RvTaebriv taZarSi dgomiT.
pontifikoss saxeli da gavlena ar gaaCnia Tavis
mrevlSi. espaneli da austrieli habsburgebic ki
ver Seariga da omi ukve ramdeni welia gaWianurebulia da jer sadaa - arc Tavi uCans am europiul
oms da arc bolo. samagierod urban mervem ganaaxlaGgalileo galileisTan brZola (galileis Sesaxeb
bevri ram giambe tfilisSic da aqeT gamomgzavrebis
win quTaTisis cixeSic). hoda, am pontifikoss surs
gaimeoros i polito aldobrandinis, igive kliment
mervis codva, Cadenili jordano brunos da masTan
erTad mTeli moazrovne kacobriobis winaSe. es
enis gasatexi gvari imitomac damamaxsovrda ase
mwared, rom is Tavgasatexi beci iyo. es ricxviT
merveebi bediswerad aRimarTa msoflio gonze. axla
jeri galileo galileize midga. miuxedavad imisa,
rom urbanma gulTbilad mimiRo da mowafeTa saqmeSi
xeli gamimarTa, calybad jvarosnul omsac dampirda
sparsTa da osmalTa winaaRmdeg, igi Tu galileis
koconze dawvavs, araTu igi, mTlianad moazrovne
europa zurgs Seaqcevs laTinTa sarwmunoebas, isedac bevri moimdures sainkvizicio sasamarTloebiT.
es ukve yvelafris gvirgvini iqneba. mas Tu ara,
imedia diad inkvizitors mainc eyofa goniereba da
urbanis ugnurebas aacilebs eklesiasac da kacobriobasac.
kidev erTi ram unda mogaxseno, Cemo patrono,
sasamarTloTa msvlelobaze Tvalyuris sadevneblad italiaSi sagangebod Camovida niderlandis
respublikis elCi piter paul rubensi. me igi
espaniaSi gavicani. gasaocari mxatvaria. gulCaTxrobili kacia rubensi - coliSvili rom daRupvia,
mis merme elCobas mohyo xeli, franciaSic yofila,
prusiaSic, espaniis mefesTan molaparakebebs marTavda
imxanad. erTmaneTs davedareT olivaresTan Sexvedrisas. karg ganwyobaze iyo olivaresi maSin, aseve
warCinebuli espaneli mxatvari gagvacno - diego
velaskesi. erTmaneTSi saerTo ena mainc ver i poves
am orma didma mxatvarma. pirvelsave dRes wakamaTdnen ferweris sferoSi. TavianTi simarTlis dasamtkiceblad orivem erTdoulad gaakeTa Cemi da
olivaresis Canaxati - erTma erTi xelis mosmiT,
meorem didi dakvirvebis Semdeg, magram gasaocari
56
siswrafiT. gamogviwodes Tav-TavianTi namuSevrebi
da TavianTi mrwamsis damtkicebas Seudgnen. marTalia,
Cven bevri vera gavigeT ra, magram erTs rames namdvilad mivxvdi - isini TavianT saxels daimkvidreben
kacobriobaSi.
hoda, rubensi aq, romSi Camovida papaTan mosalaparakeblad, raTa galileis Tavdebad daudges mecnieris gasaTavisuflebad. is rom gavige, rubensi
roms ewviao, maSinve mis sadgoms mivaSure. gaixara
mxatvarma Cemi naxviT, gavaxsene espaniaSi dapirebuli, - qarTuli aso-bgerebis graviuris gakeTebas
dampirda da merme imis mixedviT Sen TviTon Camoasxmevine ostatebs literebio. gaeRima rubens.
- me rom am saqmisTvis ar Camovsulvar italiaSio!
iseTi saxe miviRe, Rimils sicili moayola da
dapireba mainc amisrula. axla wignad vkinZavT
italiur da qarTul sityvaTa ganmartebebis krebuls. rogorc ki davasruleb masze muSaobas, iqve
gamoveSurebi saqarTveloSi da ramdenime cal wigns
gaaxleb.
sacaa miiwureba Cemi misia europaSi da miT metad davrwmundi Cemi varaudis marTebulobaSi, mefev
batono. europa aRaraa iseTi, rac iyo adreul
saukuneebSi. mas muslimanuri saSiSroeba aRar emuqreba. mas SeuZlia Cvens mosisxlesac gaurigdes
raRacis sanacvlod da pirispir marto dagvtovos
uamrav mtrebTan ise, rom arc ki Sercxveba amisa.
europaca da msoflioc sabolood mainc mixvdeba,
rom omi maTi keTildReobis gamosavali araa. erTmaneTSi dRes mxolod imisaTvis omoben, rom xval
goneba daewmindos:
visac adre - miT ukeTesi,
visac gvian - ara uSavs, da
visac ara - miT uaresi.
europas gzebi sWirdeba sarfiani aReba-micemobisTvis. gza kidev Cven gvaqvs. ifiqre amazed, mefev
batono, da rac droulad dauzavdebi sparseTs,
miT male daiwyeba CvenTvis siaxleTa mTeli wyeba
sasiamovnoc da usiamovnoc. sasiamovno sasiamovnoa,
usiamovnos ki gonierebiT unda SevegeboT, raTa
veraferi dagvaklos axaldroebis siavem. wignis
beWdva warmatebiT dasrulda. yvelas madloba Sevwire, vinc mxarSi medga am xnis ganmavlobaSi da gamamarTvina wignis saqme. amaze kargi ra unda gamekeTebina europaSi. kmayofili var friad. marTalia,
polkebi da kohortebi ar momyavs sparseTisa da
osmaleTis dasarbevad, samagierod momaqvs wignebi,
romlebic nebismier imperias aaSenebs da daangrevs.
ymawvilebis europielad ganswavla - ai, Cemi momavali
iaraRi mterTanac da moyvaresTanaco, -
aseTi amaRlebuli ganwyobiT daasrula Tavisi
epistoleebi kaxeTis mefe TeimurazTan nikifore
irbaxma.
mas egona, mefe mTelis gulisyuriT kiTxulobs
Cems wignebso. miiCqaroda saqarTvelosken mogzaurobiT daqanculi da STabeWdilebebiT aRvsili beri
da gegmebs gegmebze awyobda. yvelaze Tamam miznebs
bolosken itovebda, radgan icoda, Teimurazi mSiSara iyo siaxleebis mimarT. isic icoda Tavdapirvelad riT unda daewyo, raTa mefe TviTonve gahyoloda am siaxleebs sixaruliT. modioda da rac
ufro uaxlovdeboda saqarTvelos sazRvrebs, miT
ufro metad ucemda guli.
mefe Teimurazi leon dadianTan eguleboda.
mas bevri ram smenoda odiSis mTavarze - kargic
da cudic, TumcaRa mas sakuTari azri ukve Seqmnili
hqonda masze da mis gacnobasac eswrafoda. leonTan
mas Tavisi miznebi hqonda da isic icoda ra SeeTavazebina da rogor SeeTavazebina. Tavis imedebsac
dadianze ufro amyarebda, vidre Teimurazze. leoni
mas gambedav da uSiS kacad miaCnda, romelic arafrisa da aravis winaSe qeds ar moixrida da ukanac
arafris gamo ar daixevda. nikiforesTvis es Tviseba iyo mTavari da gadamwyveti. nikifores leonSi xiblavda saqmis kaci. imis iqiT misTvis yvelaferi meorexarisxovani iyo. isic icoda, rom mefe
Teimurazi mas aucileblad Seaxvedrebda leons.
- iqneb leonsac amzadebs mefe CemTan Sesaxvedrado, - fiqrobda da am fiqrebSi verc ki SeamCnia,
rogor Semovida saqarTveloSi,
rogor daxvda mas dadianis kacebi da
rogor daadgnen levanis sasaxles.
dadianis kacebi sityvaZunwebi aRmoCndnen. nikiforem ifiqra, rom odiSelni yvelani aseTi jmuxebi
ariano, magram es azri maSin gauqarwylda, roca am
kacebma Tav-TavianTi soflebi gadaiares. sakmaod
mxiarulebi da enamoswrebulebi Candnen mTavris
kacebi. imaTma ra icodnen, Tu nikiforem zedmiwevniT icoda megruli sasaubro ena, masTan erTad
svanurica da afxazuric.
es levanis sagangebo davaleba iyo - rac ufro
pirquSad moaCvenebdnen damxvdurebi Tavs stumars,
miT ufro daZabuli iqneboda igi maspinZelTan Sexvedrisas. kiTxvebze civad da mokle pasuxebs iZleodnen:
- ar viciT,
- yvelafers naxavT,
- yvelafers gaigebT
da ase Semdeg.
rodesac SeuZRven sasaxleSi nikifores da namgzavrma megrulad miesalma odiSis mTavars, yvela
saxtad darCa, TviT levanic. meyvseulad mixvda
maspinZeli, rom mas ubralo mRvdelTan ar hqonda
saqme. im wignebs fsalmunebisa da Jamnis gamzuTxavi
ver dawerda.
imedebi gaucrua levanma nikifores Teimuraz
mefesTan dakavSirebiT. samagierod sakuTari Tavi
SesTavaza patronad. saubarSi isic daumata:
- wignebi, romlebsac Teimurazs werdi, yvela
wavikiTxe guldasmiT da msurs Seni miznebi Cems
samTavroSi ganaxorcielo. me dagexmarebi amaSi da
Tu ar vcdebi, Seni mizanic me unda viyoo. rac Sen
gsurs, imas verc Teimurazi ganaxorcielebs da
verc romelime sxva mefe. amas me Tu SevZleb mxolod. erTi meguleboda kidev - giorgi saakaZe, romelic osmaleTSi sikvdiliT dasajeso. amitom girCev,
CemTan darCe, arafers mogakleb, pativSi meyolebi,
oRond fexze damayenebine odiSi da Sens nafiqrsac
gaZlierebulni ganvaxorcielebT. siZliere marto
mravalricxovani jaris yolaSi araa. siZliere simdidreSicaa, ase ar iwerebodi europidgano?! Teimurazic Tanaxmaa me Segifaro da gi patrono. ai, misi
wignic, Sen dagitova wasvlis win. bazaleTis Semdeg
mTlad auvarda TavSi, sikvdilma erTbaSad ori
mteri Camoacila erTmaneTze miyolebiT - Saabasi
da mourav-xani. mas aRar scalia SenTvis da ukacravad, magram mainc unda giTxra, Seni Tavi me momigdoo.
ai, esec, - da gauwoda Teimurazis wigni, sadac mefe
nebas rTavda nikifores Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr
an darCeniliyo odiSs da leonis mfarveloba mieRo, an qveynierebis oTxsav mxares gza xsnili hqonda.
arc imas uSlida, masTan dabrunebuliyo, oRond aseT
SemTxvevaSi sasaxlisgan Sors unda daeWira Tavi.
levans egona, nikifores guli dawydeboda Teimurazis misdami damokidebulebis gamo, magram roca
gragnili daaxvia, anTebul buxarSi moisrola da
Tavi aswia, levanma usazRvro sixaruli waikiTxa
mis TvalebSi. amiT ukve darwmunda, ra kacTan hqonda
saqme da erTgvarad SeeSinda kidec, vaiTu mis siZlieres ver gauZlos mTavris sisusteebma da jerovnad
ver gamoviyeno es RvTis naboZi saCuqario.
- didi poetebi mxolod didebul Sairebs Txzaven
da isini did saxelmwifos ver aaSenebeno. xolo
ramdenad didi poetia Teimurazi, amis piruTvneli
Semfasebeli da damfasebeli droao, - Tqva nikiforem
da axal patrons mdablad daukra Tavi. merme megrulad mimarTa, - droa Tqveno brwyinvalebav, Tqveni adgil-mamuli SemoviaroT da SeviswavloTo.
- swavlisTvis mcire dro momiciao.
- oriod dRe odiSis SemovlisTvis savsebiT
sakmarisia swavlisTviso, - upasuxa nikiforem.
- ase cotao?
57
- Cven qarTvelebs didi dro vin mogvcao. didi
dro did poetebsa aqvT didi leqsebis sawerado.
orTaves gulianad gaecina.
umokles droSi levanma da nikiforem pirveli
gegma dasaxes - zRvasTan axlos mdinare engurze
gaaSenes savaWro cixe-qalaqi ruxi da am qalaqSi
Caasaxles goWouras brZolis alafad Cixoridan
da Cxaridan wamosxmuli somxebi da ebraelebi.
odiSSi gacxovelda aReb-micemoba, gaivso xazina avla-didebiT, mTeli qveynisa da mezoblebis
simdidrem erTad moiyara Tavi.
xalxi mimodioda.
odiSma saWiroebis funqcia SeiZina. mas ukve
angariSs uwevdnen osmaleTic da sparseTic. levanma
nikifores CagonebiT zarafxana gaxsna da fulis
moWra daiwyo iranuli monetebis wabaZviT. es saWiro
iyo Sahis yuradRebis misapyrobad. amis Sedegi iyo
is, rom nikifore saidumlod gaagzavna stambuls
da iq veneciis respublikis rezidents Sexvda, romelic sparseTis gavlenian pirebTan saqmiani da axlo
urTierToba hqonda. erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi arwmunebda nikifore irbaxi rezidents odiSisa da
zogadad saqarTvelos keTil-saimedoobaze. venecias
Tavisi moTxovnebi hqonda:
- odiSis ise gaZliereba moiTxova, rom danarCen
samTavro-samefoebze upirobo gavlena unda moepovebina;
- zRvaze gasasvlelis usafrTxoeba unda uzrunveleyo;
- osmaleTi unda Sesustebuliyo odiSsa da
mTels dasavleT saqarTveloSi.
merme kidev hqonda piradi miznebi, romlebic
uyoymanod unda daekmayofilebina odiSis mTavars.
marTalia, es Rirsebis Semlaxavic ki iyo, magram
didi saqmisTvis amasac unda gauZlos Zlierma
mTavarmao.
stambulSi yofnisas nikiforem sabaJoebis gaxsnis aucileblobazec esaubra veneciel rezidents
da amaSi marTlac daarwmuna, rom sabaJoebiT gacilebiT ioli sameTvalyureo iqneboda osmaleTis sazRvao floti.
- veneciis beWdiT evqsinis pontSi gamoCenil
xomaldebs xonTqari arras dauSavebso, - arwmunebda nikifore residents.
- mxolod im SemTxvevaSio, - CauWra saTqmeli
odiSis elCs rezidentma, - Tu es xomaldebi osmaleTis navsadgurebSi Sevao.
- amisaTvis qrTamebia saWiro Cvenis mxriv, sulTanTan molaparakebebi ki Tqvenis mxrivo.
- ra saWiroebisaTviso? - ikiTxa rezidentma, osmaleTi xom Tavs ar gesxmiT, Tqven xom damouki-
58
debeli mefeebi gyavT, fuls Tqvensas WriT, jari
Tqveni gyavT, damoukideblad abamT kavSir-urTierTobebs, visTanac moisurvebT, aba, SexedeT evropas ellada Caylapa piris pirvelsave gaRebisTanave,
zed makedonia miayola, rumineTi, bulgareTi, samxreT slavebi, xorvatebi, serbebi, slavTa sahercogo - ise SeWama, Tvalic ar dauxamxamebia. emuqreba
prusias, saRvTo romis imperias. SiSis zars scems
TviT veneciis respublikas... Tqven ki gsurT da
Cvenc mogviwodebT Cven-Cveni moqmedebebiT gavaRizianoT es daZinebuli drakoni.
- cdebi, Tqveno mowyalebavo, - Seawyvetina saubari
nikiforem, - am Cvenis nabijebiTa da mecadineobiT TviT
osmaleTic darCeba araTu kmayofili, mogebulic ki.
- mogebuli is axlacaa, raSi sWirdeba mas zedmeti Tavatkiveba iveriiTo? - ritorikuli kiTxva
dasva rezidentma.
- mxolod imisTvis, rom europaSi fexSedgmulma Cadrianma osmaleTma axal droebas fexi auwyos
da saSiSi aravisTvis gaxdes da aravin gaxdes
misTvisac saSiSi. europisken Cven Tu miviswrafiT,
osmaleTic igives akeTebs, cali fexi Sua Camodgmuli aqvs mand da amiT Tavisi eris gakeTilSobilebas cdilobs. europa kars uketavs, an mokrZalebuli RimiliTa da Tavaziani reveransebiT cdilobs ganeridos mas, Tavidan aicilos masTan urTierToba. Tundac imitom, rom sxva sarwmunoebisani arian. SeiZleba europisTvis xonTqarze ufro
saSiSi prelatebi iyvnen, magram amaze xmamaRla
aravin saubrobs, an Tu saubrobs, vai imas.
- kargia, Rirso mamao, mag azrebiT evropaSi rom
ar cxovrobTo, - gaeRima rezidents da amiT TavianTi
Sexvedris reziume moxaza.
ara gamovida ra am Sexvedridan, TumcaRa nikifores gadawyvetili hqonda levans yvelaferi gaekeTebina qveynis gaZlierebisTvis da gaerTianebisTvis.
sazRvao vaWrobam gacxovelebuli saxe miiRo.
osmaleTis Tvalis asaxvevad navsadgurobas mdinareTa SesarTavebi asrulebda, an xmeleTSi Rrmad
Sesuli samdinaro navTsayudelebi, xolo rac osmalTa sameTvalyureos warmoadgenda, eseni iyo foTi,
kemxeli - Turqulad yulevi, anaklia da tyayuru.
es ukanaskneli ise moxerxebulad iyo agebuli
zRvis sanapiroze, rom Tu ara sagangebod, ise verasgziT miagnebdi am qalaqs.
am navsadgurebidan qveyana maragdeboda:
mariliT, gamxmari TevziT,
xelosnobis sxvadasxva nawarmiT,
fufunebis sagnebiT,
qveynidan ki gahqondaT:
tilo, abreSumi, cvili, Tafli;
gahyavdaT tyveebi.
niCbiani navebi mdinareebs aRma miuyvebodnen qveynis Suagulisken da baJsac bolo navsayudelSi
ixdidnen. sabaJoebi gaemarTaT mdinare rionze quTaTisTan axlos, mdinare xobze TviT xobis monastris
siaxloves, mdinare moqvze merxeulTan. didi sabaJoebi WaladidSi, qariatasa da xorgaSi moewyoT. misionic xSirad mimodioda romsa da odiSs Soris.
sofel ganarjiaSi mTeli ubani gaSenda samisionero da mas wifurioni uwodes odiSelebma. nikifores
waqezebiT levanma axalis ZaliT daiwyo qalaqTa
Senebani da isic evropiuli gamocdilebiTa da
evropelTa monawileobiT.
sazRvaric myari hqonda levans Tavisi sambrZaneblosi dasavleTidan zRva da metad arasando osmalTa
samxedro xomaldebi icavdnen odiSs, TumcaRa, rusTa
xelmwifesTan SeTanxmebiT doneli kazakebi gamudmebiT arbevdnen Turqul flots, amis gamo osmalni
odiSisTvis ver iclidnen saTanadod, xolo levani
moxerxebulad gadi-gamodioda evqsinis pontze.
CrdiloeTiT levanis sambrZaneblos sazRvari
mdinare kelasuris marcxena napirze gadioda da
mihyveboda fanavis qeds. mas svaneTisgan egrisis
qedi yofda, enguris xeobiT ki sadadeSqelianos
gadascqeroda sofel xudonidan.
leCxumidan qvemoT cxeniswyali yofda modave
imereTsa da odiSs erTmaneTisgan, guriasTan sazRvari
ki mdinare rioni daadgina levanma, TumcaRa guriis
rionispira ramdenime sofeli hqonda an mitacebuli,
an saCuqrad miRebuli gagurielebis sanacvlod.
levanma odiSs axali sataxto qalaqi zugdidi
gaaSena - `sasaxle dadianTa, didSeni da palatebiani,
zRudegodoliani“. man mama-papiseuli WaqvijaSs zugdidi mxolod imitom amjobina, rom zRvam daikava
didi adgili qveynis yofa-cxovrebaSi. miTumetes
afsuebTan ganuwyveteli omebi aiZulebdnen dadians
mterTan axlos yofiliyo dasaxlebuli, raTa pirvelsave SesaZleblobisTanave erTi amosunTqviT Caeylapa yofili afxazTa samTavro gaafxazebuli afsua-gadamTielebianad. sazRvaric cvalebadi iyo Crdilo-dasavleTiT - an iyo zRuded kelasuri gamyofad odiS-afxazeTisa,
an kidev ufro CrdiloeTiT dioskuriasTan axlos. marTalia, afsuebma rbevebiT moaoxres miwebi
da mamulebi dioskuriidan hi piusamde (ese igi cxeniswylamde). ki, hqondaT leon-mTavris SiSi, TavianTi
da odiSelTa SesaZleblobebic kargad hqondaT gasigrZeganebuli da mxolod Camorbena-TareSebs kmayofildebodnen.
levanmac gaaZliera samTavros Tavdacva - qve-
yanaSi momravlda cixe-simagreebi rogorc raodenobiT, aseve siZlieriT ruxis, Waqvajis, Sxefis, xeTis, Tamakonis, lias,
jgalis, saTamaSias cixe-simagreebi;
cixeebi iyo unagiras qedzec guriisa da imereTis
sameTvalyureod;
garda kelarusis kedlisa, romelic siCqaris
gamo zog adgilebSi saZirkvlis gareSe, pirdapir
miwaze Sendeboda, afxazeT-odiSis gzebs CxorTolisa
da saTanjos cixeebi, engurze gadasasvlelebs ruxTan erTad ocarces cixec icavda (erTi marjvena,
meore ki marjvena mxridan). ruxSi mecixovneebs
zarbaznebic hqondaT. SekeTda kodoris, moqvis, RaliZgas, oqumis cixeebi.
levanis brZanebiT yvela Tavadi da aznauri valdebuli iyo Tavisi jariT daecvaT afxazeT-odiSis sazRvrebi morigeobiT. cixeebi levanma unagiras
qedzec ganalaga guriisa da imereTis dasarbevad.
arc svaneTs endoboda mainca da mainc odiSis
mTavari - maganas wyalgamoyof qedze Wyondidiseuli cixis axlo-maxlo omunes cixe aagebina,
Waniswylis xeobaSi layorias sayaraulo koSki,
jgalisa da Cqvaleris patara cixeebi.
zogierT cixesimagres mxolod TavSesafrad iyenebdnen. maT galavnebiT sazRvravdnen da tyeebSi
agebdnen. mSvidobianobisas es cixeebi carieldeboda.
dadianma kargad icoda brZolaSi zarbaznis
fasi, amitom safrangeTidan moiwvia zarbaznebis
ostati da ocdaaTi zarbazani Camoasxmevina, aseve
mravlad SeiZina Tofebi. frang ostats Segirdebad
miuCina odiSis gamoicdili meliToneebi da Seaswavla
zarbaznebis Camosxma. man SeaiaraRa Tavisi jari
da igi gawvrTna Tofis srolaSi mdgomare, mwoliare mdgomareobaSi, gaqceul cxenze jdomisas.
erTis sityviT, odiSSi vaglaxad verc erTi
urdo ver SemoiWreboda. cixe ar iyo darCenili
odiSSi zarbazani erTi ki ara, aTiode rom ar yofiliyo, meTofeebis aseuli rom ar mdgariyo TiToeul cixeSi.
qveyanaSi mSvidobam daisadgura, amoisunTqa glexma,
metadre baraqiani wlebi waewyo erTmaneTs. levanma eklesiebsac mixeda. Tavisi dovlaTis didi nawili
taZar-monastrebs Seswira. misi mecadineobiT moxates walenjixisa da xobis eklesiebi, aSenda korcxelis taZari. roca leon odiSis mefe `anakofiis
zRvidam mTamde aaSena zRude afxazTa gamousvlelobisTvis”, am kedlis mSeneblobaSi mas bediis, moqvisa
da drandis efiskofosebi exmarebodnen.
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi sparseTis moaxloebis
gamo mcxeTaSi saeklesio yofa-cxovreba myarad ar
idga. uxucesi sruliad iberiis unetaresi kaTali-
59
kosi da misi svita momxvdurTa gamudmebuli Tavdasxmis molodinSi iyvnen. xSirad ixiznebodnen da
wignebs mTaSi malavdnen. mcxeTis taxti am mxriv
moryeuli iyo da aravin icoda rodis daemxoboda,
an Tu ar daemxoboda, sabolood visi nebis gamtarebeli iqneboda, aravin icoda.
sxva mdgomareoba iyo dasavleT saqarTveloSi.
saerTo mZime viTarebis miuxedavad levanma odiSSi
saeklesio moRvaweobisTvis saukeTeso pirobebi Seqmna.
qveyana ase Tu ise gareSe darbevebisgan daculi
iyo. sagareo vaWrobis ganviTarebis wyalobiT odiSi
gamdidrda. simdidris didi nawili eklesiebs xmardeboda. dasavleT saqarTvelos anu umrwemes sruliad
iberiis uwmides patriarqs, imereTis araerTgzisi
darbevis Semdeg, levanma biWvinTaSi miuCina taxti
da biWvinTis mTavarefiskofosis tituli uboZa.
swored levanma aqcia biWvinTa saqarTvelos saeklesio suverenad.
nikifores rCeviT levanma ,,vefxistyaosani” waikiTxa da imdenad moixibla, rom mis karze moRvawe
wignTa gadamwer mamuka TavaqaraSvils gadaawerina
da daasuraTebina rusTveli, mowveul oqromWedlebs
ki oqroTi da patiosani qvebiT Seamkobina wignis yda.
arc amas dajerda nikifore - ierusalimis jvris
monasters aqamdis arsebuli yvela begara da vali
gaastumrebina levans. merme erT xans am monastris
efiskofosad wargzavna Tavisi marjvena xeli jvris mama, rogorc odiSSi uwodebdnen nikifores,
Tan daavala:
- Tu SesaZlebeli iqneba da amaze adgilobrivi
ber-monazvnebi dagTanxmdebian, iqneb Cemi da Cemi
colis nestan-darejanis freskebiT moaxatvinoT
wmida miwaze qarTuli salocavio.
yvelafer amas nikifore rusTvelTan siaxlovis
gamo akeTebda, da daTanxmda:
- ierusalimis patriarqs gamovTxov Tqvensa da
Tqvenis Tanamecxedris freskebso. mTels saqarTveloSi xom erTi Sen darCi mamulis meWirnaxuled
- luarsabi mokles, kaxeTi dai pyres da bedovlaTi
Teimurazi xan sad afarebs Tavs, xan sad. imereTs
aramtkice da unebisyofo patroni hyavs. mxolod
Sen Seqmeni am abrundul saukuneSi mtkice samefosamTavro da vis, Tu ara Sen, gekuTvnis freskis dawerao.
wignic aaxla leonma ierusalimis patriarqTan
da boloSi nikiforem daurideblad miawerina:
`xelmwifeTa xelmwife dadiani leon.”
wlebis Semdegac fiqrobda rostom-xani am ucnaur nikolozyofil nikiforeze da qarTvel mefeTa
uniaTobaze gadahqonda yovelJams yuradReba. rogor
SeiZleboda nikifore gyoloda sasaxlis karze da
60
igi odiSisaTvis migegdo. Teimurazma misi CamocilebiT kaxeTis samefo gaanadgurebina dauZinebel mters.
leonma gonivrulad gamoiyena es ucnauri kaci,
jvris mamis wyalobiT dadianma samTavro ki ara,
saxelmwifo Seqmna.
- bevri inatrebs aseT saxelmwifoso, - nanobda
rostom xani da gaixsena nikiforesTan erT-erTi
arasasiamovno Sexvedra, roca mRvdelma saqveynod
pirSi miaxala qarTlis mefes:
- Sen, goniero kaco, ase rom mogaqvs Tavi Senis
gonierobiT, is goniereba maSin gamoCndeboda, marabdis
velze giorgi saakaZesTan gveri-gverd rom gebrZola
da mis winaaRmdeg sparsTa kohortebs ar wahyolodio.
am braldebas xSirad ambobdnen rostomis misamarTiT, rac igi qarTlis mefed gaxda, magram siTamame
mxolod nikiforem gamoiCina da pirSi miaxala es
samduravi. maSin mas pasuxi ar hqonda jvris mamis
sayvedurze. axla, am mixrwnilebaSi mas SeuZlia
gamarTleba moupovos yvelafers - sikargesac da
siavesac. esaa rom, man saTanadod ver Seafasa Tavis
droze nikifores goniereba, Torem isini erTad
saarako saqmeebs gaakeTebdnen.
mxolod levanma gamoiCina is gonebagamWriaxoba, rasac sparseTis Sahis karze ase gulmodgined
swavlobda rostomi. iqneb gangebam imitom ar daanaxa mas es ucnauri beri, rom roca maTi cxovrebis
gzebi gadaikveTeboda, erTmaneTs aucileblad SeuSlidnen xels. viRac zedmeti iqneboda am TamaSSi.
savaraudod TviTon xosrov-mirza, radgan igi sparsulad iyo mowamluli, nikifore ki qarTulad, maTi
sarbieli ki qarTuli areali iyo da ara sparsuli.
evropiulobam mxolod xibli SesZina nikifores
qarTulobas da sxva araferi.
bevri ram naxa cxovrebaSi jvris mamam, iseve
rogorc rostomma - iqneb ufro metic
smenia, ganucdia, unaxavs, ukeTebia.
yovelisferSi erTi TaviT maRla idga nikifore am cxra aTeul wels mitanebul berw mefeze.
- levani da nikifore! - xmamaRla warmoTqva
rostomma, - albaT erTmaneTisTvis gaCndnen am qveynad
da am saukuneSio. erTxans dafiqrda da bolos
Tavisi nafiqri Tavissave gasagonad Tqva:
- me bewvis xidzec mivlia, danis pirzec, oRroCoRro gzebzec, Secdoma arsad damiSvia, magram
aseT Sedegs, rogoric levanma miaRwia nikiforesTan
urTierTobiT, ver SevZeli, miuxedavad imisa, rom am
gzaze bevri Secdoma dauSves levanmac da nikiforemac rogorc cal-calke, ise erTad.
* * *
erTi ucnauroba moxda imereTsa da odiSs Soris
aleqsandre imerTa mefis Zmis - mamukas datyveve-
bis gamo. mefem levanTan Tavisi Svili bagrati
gagzavna mosalaparakeblad. molaparakebis nacvlad
bagrat ufliswuli sapatio mZevlad daitova odiSis
mTavarma. quTaisSi bagratis asaval-dasavali ara
icodnen da icnobdnen ra levan dadians, kargs
arras elodnen misgan. sasaxleSi gamoitires kidec
ufliswuli. dedofali sayvedurobda qmars:
- dartymis qveS rogor daayene Seni Svilio.
ubiri xalxi bagratis waxdenas me damabralebs,
rogorc dedinacvalsa da taxtis mosurneso. axlave
aRvikazmebi da omiT waval odiSze, raxan Sen amisi
Zala ar Segwevso.
amis momsmeni Teimurazi kaxi-batoni da mamai
nestan-darejanisa - dedoflisa imerT qveynisa, meyvseulad CaerTo saubarSi da Svils dacxroma urCia.
imxanad rostom xanisgan damarcxebuli Teimurazi
quTaTiss iyo Sexiznuli da uTxra maspinZels:
- levani Cemi mamidais-Svilia, me mis ficx bunebas kargad vicnob, mendeT, me waval molaparakebaze
dadianTan, begrat ufliswuls gamovixsni tyveobidan,
Tu cocxalia. ase rom, Cemo Svilo, levanTan Sebmas
ar girCev, daundobelia odiSis mTavari. Cemi didi
xaTri aqvs, Cems xelSi gamoizarda, dedaCemma aswavla
wera-kiTxva, mamaCemma nadiroba da omi. papaCems
mcire-mcire laSqrobebSi dahyavda. axla masTan
Cemi kacia - nikifore irbaxi. mas wigni gavugzavne
Tqvenda ukiTxavad, vTxove emeTvalyura, raTa levans
araferi moewia bagratisTvis. pasuxmac ar daayovna.
nikifore mwers, did gancxromaSi hyavs levans bagratio. iqamde, Tavisi qaliSvilis - Zilisanis colad
SerTva SesTavaza. bagrats gulSi Cavardnia qaliSvili. ramdenime dRe inadireben da bagrats imereTis sazRvramdis TviTonve moacilebso. Amas mwers
nikifore irbaxi. Tu gnebavs, siZev-batono, vewvevi
levans da mSvidobas gamovTxov imereTisTviso.
marTlac gaemgzavra Teimurazi levanTan. didad gaixares biZaSvil-mamidaSvilebma erTmaneTis
naxviT. isadiles, ivaxSmes, bagrati moayvanina levanma, raTa darwmunebuliyo Teimurazi nikifores
wignis marTebulobaSi.
- eWvic ar meparebodao, - uTxra Teimurazma.
- eh, Cemo Zmao, imereTSi cudi TvaliT miyureben da is ki ar ician, raodeni sikeTe msurs me
araTu imereTisTvis, aramed mTliani saqarTvelosTvis, amaSi bagratic davarwmuneo.
merme mamuka batoniSvilze Camougdo Teimurazma sityva, mis xsenebaze niri ecvala levans.
- rogor fiqrob, Sen rom tyved Saabasi Cagavrdnoda, ase iolad gauSvebdio?!
- kargi, Tu Zma xar, sad urjulo abasi da sad
erTi sisxlisa da xorcis xalxi, sarwmunoebiTac
qristiani.
- ar ici Sen misi azrebi, Torem Seni xeliT
Caaklavdi mas im dilegSi, sadaca myavs damwyvdeulio. aseTi xalxi, rom icode, Saabasze uaresebi
arian. saSualeba rom misce, dedabudianad gaaCanagebs
mTels odiSs. me da nikiforem saxelmwifos davamgvaneT es mxare. Sen karga xania Cvensas ar yofilxar
da bevri ram ar ici. modi da aRmarTe xeli am rudunebiT aSenebul qveyanaze, xelebs wagamtvrev ZirSi,
Senc ki. ris fasad damijda aseTi Zlieri odiSi,
aravin icis ra sisxlis fasad,
ra wyeva-krulvis fasad,
ra uZilo Rameebis fasad,
ra umadurobis fasad,
ra cbierebis fasad,
ra sasikvdilo xifaTebis fasad.
arc erT batoniSvils ar avarevineb aq mdgomareobas! Tu dagvcalda me da nikifores, erTiani droSis
qveS gavaerTianebT iverias. ai, myavs imerTa ufliswuli, davuSave rame? piriqiT, zavisa da mSvidobis
niSnad damoyvreba SevTavaze. meti ra unda meqnao?!
Cemsa da aleqsandres Soris mSvidoba rom ar Camovardes, am ymawvils qals mainc ar davukaveb, miTumetes TviTonac mowadinebulia saamisodo.
- ras iTxov mSvidobis sanacvlodo?
- naxevar imereTso, - mtkice da daufiqrebeli
pasuxi misca levanma.
- es rogoro?
- axla kargad damigde yurio, - dinjad daiwyo
levanma, - Sen es naTqvami, Tu ginda, axirebad CaTvale, magram es axireba araa. axla daakvirdi - bagrati
imereTis taxtis memkvidrea. me Cemi Svilebidan
ori Tavidanve Camomaciles, erTi kuti daibada da
dabadebidan maleve mokvda, erTic dambladacemuli.
damrCa Zilisani, romlis memkvidrec misi qmari
iqneba, anu bagrati, anu rac me omiT ver SevZeli
mTeli aTwleulebis manZilze, imas SevZlebT mSvidobiT, qorwinebiT. amisTvis naxevari saxelmwifos
gaReba ar Rirso?!
- eh, levan, levan, raRacas muxTlob, magram me
jer amas ver migixvdi.
- raxan ver mimixvdi, Teimuraz, ese igi ar
vmuxTlob, RmerTmani.
- yvelaferi es nikifores oinebia, ara?!
- Tundac, magram gamarTlebuli da marTebuli
CemTvisac da aleqsandresTvisac. Tu rostomic
mxars damiWers da amaSi Cemi dai mariami Semiwyobs
xels, qarTlis sanaxebSic gadavinacvlebT da merme
saqarTvelos gaerTianebas aRaraferi daakldeba.
- kaxeT-hereTi?
61
- ai, es daakldeba da imedia keTilgonierebas
gamoiCen, Teimuraz-Cemo.
- Sors midixar, levan, RmerTmani!
- Sors mivdivar, Sors!.. - kveri daukra levanmac.
... da marTlac Sors wavida!..
* * *
romis paps Txovda erTguli nikifores piriT:
- iqneb odiSSi abreSumisa da Salis damzadebis
ostatebi gamomigzavnoT, raTa Cems xalxs Zafis
darTvisa da qsovis Tqveneuli xeloba Sevaswavloo,
saamiso dazgebs me TviTon Sevisyidi da Cemive
saxsrebiT wamoviRebo. am mrewvelobis elCebs miwiT
saxlebiTa da msaxurebiT uzrunvelvyof.
nikifores saswavleblad aTeuli rCeuli bavSvi
gaayola. sanam wargzavnilebi maradi qalaqs CaaRwevdnen, papi urbani gardaicvala da yvela aqamomdis
miRweuli SeTanxmeba haerSi gamoekida. axali pontifikosi - inokenti saqarTvelos Soreul qveynad
Tvlida da ar iwuxebda masze zrunviT Tavs. mxolod
damyoli RimiliTa da zerele locva-kurTxeviT
cdilobda abezari stumrisgan Tavis daRwevas.
daaswo levans urban pontifikosis nacvlad yovelTa Semusvrili sikvdili dauxvda taxtze damjdari.
o, rogor ar cdilobda odiSis mTavari rogorme
ar gadayroda gzaze am uCinar mxedars, magram
saqme gafuWda. levanma amas cxadliv Sexeda:
ironia?! ufro metic...
abuCad agdeba kacTa Sesaqmisa. gonebaSi imanac
gauelva levans, rom nikifore sadrac Seyovnda da
amis gamo sikvdils saSualeba mieca damjdariyo
Tavis taztze, yalioni gaebolebina da buxridan
TeTri kvamli amoeSva niSnad imisa, rom cxovreba
vatikanSi grZeldeba.
- etyoba, daberda nikifore da veRar gaTvala
raRac, rac saukeTesod gamouvida sikvdilso, TavisTvis msjelobda odiSis mTavari ruxis cixis
rux darbazSi, TviTon rom Caabnelebina msaxurT
sagangebod.
axali Zalisxmeva iyo saWiro, axali Taobis
prelatebi rom Semoebrunebina iveriisken da marto
locva-kurTxeviT ar Semofargluliyvnen.
- eh, sikvdilo, sikvdilo! - amoioxra levanma
da sikvdiliviT manac gaabola yalioni, oRond ruxi
feris kvamli amouSva piridan niSnad imisa rom
odiSSi cxovreba da simSvide mTavrdeba.
gaabola da gascqeroda ruxis cixis bastionidan
enguris xeobas.
gascqeroda da gaaxsenda kidev ufro adre rogor
daaswro mas sikvdilma da sayvareli coli nestandarejani waarTva. aqac cota daaklda levans ma-
62
Sinac, haqimebi moiyvana masTan, magram fexad daaswro sikvdilma da aqac dajda Tavis taxtrevanze
igi mTelis Tavisi didebulebiT. arada, mTels odiSs
ukvirda, da ara marto odiSs, ratom uyvarda es
aSari dedakaci ase gagiJebiT levans. vinc ki icnobda
WilaZis qals, ambobdnen:
- jadoqaria da viris tvini aWama, Tan raRac
momwamvleli eleqsirebi daurToo.
daemxo levani jer argaciebuli colis cxedars
da gulamoskvnilma daitira igi.
mxolod am suraTis mayurebelni mixvdnen, raoden
gamoucnobia siyvarulis Zala. veraviTari viris
tvini da eleqsirebi ver ganawyobdnen kacs amgvaris
ZaliT. ase siyvaruli mxolod saRi cnobierebiT
Tu moxerxdeboda mxolod. merme iglova da sikvdilis jibrze mTels samTavroSi daagzavna brZanebebi
eklesia-monastrebisTvis nestan-darejan dedofali
cocxlad moexsenebinaT meuRlesTan erTad da am
brZanebis piruTvnelad Sesruleba daavala isev da
isev jvris mamas. xani rom gamoxda hkiTxa levanma
nikifores:
- rogor asrulebs samRvdeloeba Cems brZanebaso?
- ra giTxra, mowyaleo xelmwifeo leon, yvela
eklesiaSi aResruleba dedofal nestan-darejanis
sajanmrTelo paraklisi da Jamis wirvebze xelmwife
leonTan erTad diliTac moixsenieba rogorc cocxali.
- kargad gicnob, nikifore, me Sen, am naTqvamSi
an raRacas malav, an raRaciT ukmayofilo xar.
- sworad SeginiSnavs, leon batono, ra mogaxseno da, ukmayofilo ki var.
- riT xar ukmayofilo, Rirso mamao? - aseTi
locvebi dedofals ar waadgeba, es mxolod Sens
suls amSvidebs. damSvidebuli leon dadiani ki
Cems gagebaSi mxolod mkvdaria.
- maSin Sen TviTon aRavline Cemi da Cemi colis
sajanmrTelo locva da mermeT paraklisi gadauxade
nestan-darejansao. amiT sikvdils davamarcxebo.
- rogorc mibrZaneb, ise moviqcevi, magram es
icode, rom sikvdils mxolod qriste amarcxebs an
qristeTi gajerebuli kaci.
- hoda, iloce CemTvis qristeTi rom gavjerde.
da nikiforem daiwyo locva:
`mermeca gevedrebi keTilmorwmunisa da RvTivdaculisa xelmwifisa da didisa Tavadisa odiSisa
leonisa da mxevlisa misisa dioflisa nestan-darejanisa, simtkicisa, Zlevisa, mSvidobisa, janmrTelobisa da cxovnebisaTvis, mitevebisa codvaTa maTTvis, raTa ufali RmerTi Cueni, umetesad Seewios
da waremarTos maT yovelsa Sina da daumorCilnes
queSe ferxTa maTTa yovelni mterni da mbrZolni,
miec maT dawynarebuli cxoreba da Cuenca maTTan
erTad vcxovrobdeT.
- amin! - daadastura locva levanma, pirjvari
gadaisaxa, jvars emTxvia da moemzada TanamecxedrisaTvis `sulTaTanas” aRvlenis mosasmenad. nikiforemac mSvidad aRavlina dedoflis panaSvidi. am panaSvidis Semdeg yvela eklesiisTvis moxsna is uxerxuli davaleba, riTac odiSis mTavari avaldebulebda
mRvdelTmsaxurT micvalebuli moexsenebinaT rogorc cocxali.
erT-erTi panaSvidis dros levanma TvalnaTliv
dainaxa sikvdili, rogor ijda Tavis taxtrevanze,
uyurebda levans da gulianad ecineboda, radgan
sikvdils ar uyvars iseTi adamianebi, romelbic mas
angariSs ar uweven da TavkerZani arian. amaT dasasjelad da Wkuis saswavleblad hadesis ufliswuli
yvelafers akeTebs cinizmis mTeli gamovlinebiT.
isinic, visTvisac keTdeba es, kargad xedaven da
grZnoben amas. levanmac Sexeda maSin sikvdils da
SurisZieba gadawyvita, magram rogor, es ar icoda.
sanam sikvdilze fiqrobda, ZilSi isev misi xarxari Semoesma. uceb wamoxta, ara SeSinebuli, aramed
gaognebuli. Sua Rame iyo. saZineblidan darbazSi
gavida, ifiqra:
- aqedan xom ar Semomesma es araadamianuri sicilio?
ukan gabruneba daapira, av sizmrebs miabrala
yvelaferi, gverdze samjer gadaafurTxa da miaZaxa
samgzis:
- fui eSmakso! - da pirjvari gadaisaxa.
Sebruneba ver moaswro, rom isev is sicili Semoesma. adgilze gaxevda levani, odnavi SiSi Seepara sxeulSi, magram gons moego, ar ekadreboda mas
- odiSis mZleTa mZle mTavars, levans raRac ucnaur
sicilze SeSineba.
- viRac mTvrali guSagi iqneba, gza rom abnevia
da Tavi veRar aaqvs xelSi.
darbazidan gavida. iq sruli siCume iyo.
Cavida kibeebze. iq Ramis guSagi marTlac idga
da darajobda sasaxlis simSvides.
- axla Sen gaicineo? - hkiTxa iWvneulad levanma.
- rasa brZaneb, mefev-batono, sicils rogor
gavbedavo, Tanac RamiT, Tanac marto, sasaxles xom
Zinavs...
- ara, ara... - gaifiqra levanma, - es kaci nasvami
ar Cans, sakuTari Tavi rom ver aiyvanos xelSi.
arc Wkua-Semcdarsa hgavs, ise saRad mi pasuxa.
- axla Sen sicili ar gagigonia?
- ras brZanebT, levan batono, sasaxleSi sruli
siCumea. daZinebiTac ar damZinebia, raime rom gamomparvoda. guSin saRamos Semdeg vfxizlob, Cemo xel-
mwifev.
es Tqva Tu ara guSagma, isev Semoesma levans
is araadaminauri sicili. xma dilegidan modioda.
- arc axla gagigia rameo?
guSagi uxerxulobisgan SeiSmuSna.
- kargi, kargi wamomyevio, - ubrZana da dilegisken
miuTiTa.
guSagma iqve dakidebuli CiraRdani Camoxsna
da gza gainaTa. cota xanSi siCume mxolod dilegis
rkinis karis Wrialma daarRvia. kidev erTxel Semoesma levans xarxaris xma.
- axla, axlao? - hkiTxa Tanmxlebs.
- arc axlao... - uxerxulad SehRima saxeSi
guSagma.
es SeRimeba aRizianebda dadians.
- damidasture mainco! - gaRizianeba kiloSic
daetyo, - Tundac momatyue, magram damidasture!
amis Tqma moaswro da isev Semoesma sicili.
Tavis mkveTri moZraobiT da misken uceb SemoxedviT
mixvda guSagi da uTxra gauxedavad.
- ki, axla Semomesmao.
ise ucabedad Tqva, rom levans gaeRima da uTxra:
- araferic ar gsmenia... da Tu tyuils ityvi,
ise mainc Tqvi, vinme rom daajeroo.
mere xmas gahyva da mamuka ufliswulis sakanTan
miiyvana sicilma. saswrafod gaaRebina guSags kari.
TviTon SeanaTa CiraRdani dilegSi da tusaRi mkvdari
aRmoaCina. kuTxeSi ki daliWze sikvdili isvenebda.
- Cemi xeliT migaRrCobo! - mivarda levani sikvdilTan, magram sikvdils mxolod gaecina.
es iyo da es.
sul bolos ki sikvdilma ukanaskneli Svilic
moukla da sakuTari Tavi daanaxa kidev erTxel.
gamwarda levani. aRaraferi SearCina arsTa ganmrigem mrisxane mTavars.
yvelaferi xelidan ecleboda. Zlivs Sekowiwebuli odiSi upatronod da umemkvidreod rCeboda.
sikvdili ki sul ufro da ufro gamaRizianeblad eTamaSeboda mas.
ra undoda, ar icoda,
arc TviTon mas, arc sikvdils.
raRac auxsneli xdeboda mis garSemo. yovelTvis
erTi wuTiT agvianebda levani, samagieod fexad
aswrebda mas sikvdili. erTxel isic ifiqra:
- davumegobrdebi da iqneb amiT mainc damanebos
Tavio.
ar gamovida, swored am fiqrisas gadmolaxes
kelasuris kedeli afsuebma da rbeva dauwyes odiSs.
mswrafl amxedrda levani da zogi moTareSe amowyvita, zogic ki gadareka odiSis sazRvariTgan... da
ise gadareka, rom karga xani dasWirdebodaT gadar-
63
Cenilebs, survili rom mosvlodaT odiSze xelaxali galaSqrebis. maSinac sikvdilma Seaxsena Tavi,
levanma ki ver moaswro misTvis eTqva:
- davmegobrdeTo, - ise gaqanda momxvdurTa dasaxvedrad.
aqac erTi wuTi da erTi nabiji daaklda.
axla?
axla aRaraferi darCa - aRarc nabiji da aRarc
qveynierebis dasasrulamdis savali.
yvelaferi damTavrda.
sikvdilsac es undoda da kmayofilma uTxra
levans: - axla ukve Cemi wasvlis droao, - Tqva,
xelebi daiferTxa da wasvla daapira.
levanma SeaCera:
- moicao!
sikvdili Semobrunda.
- ra gindao? - hkiTxa.
- ase iolad Tavs ver daaRwev Cemgano.
gaeRima sikvdils. xeli Caiqnia da kedlisken
gabrunda gasauCinareblad. am dros levanma iqve
dadebul laxts daavlo xeli da simwrisgan mTelis ZaliT TavSi ixeTqa.
sikvdili gaSeSda.
igrZno, rom levanma Tavi moikla, TumcaRa igi
jer kidev fexze idga da gaxeTqili Tavidan tvinis
naglejebi da sisxli mimofantuliyo oTaxSi.
es levanis sikvdili iyo da levanma amiT Tavisi
sikvdili mokla.
marTlac Sors wavida levani amjerad mousavleTSi.
misi ukanaskneli sityvebi iyo:
- yvelaferi oxrad damrCao, - Tqva da usulod
daemxo Svilis cxedars.
- meco, - daudastura sikvdilma da ukvalod
gaqra.
mswrafl moedo levanis sikvdili mTels qveyanas.
viRac glovobda da gaiZaxoda:
- ra gveSvelebao!
viRacas gauxarda da SvebiT amoisunTqa:
- gveSvelao!
levanis sikvdilis ambavi imave saRamos Camovida
quTaTisis sasaxlemdis. mixrwnilobaSi myofi aleqsandre gancvifrda, raRac didi lodi mowyda gulidan. man didi metoqe dakarga, riTac imerTa mefe
sicocxles ixangrZlivebda. ar egona aleqsandre
mefes levans Tu miekareboda sikvdili. sul ambobda:
- sikvdils levanisi eSinia, daaSina dadianma
igi, da mitomo.
imave saRamos gaudga zugdidisken gzas, Tan
jari iaxla, raTa daerbia Tavisi mtris bunagi.
levanis sicocxleSi rac ver moaxerxa, misi sicoc-
64
xlis mere mainc SesZlo fexi daedga odiSis mamulze
Tavisuflad, ise, rom sadRac Cirgvebidan mzakvrulad
ar wamoepareba levan dadiani. ra Tqma unda, eSinoda
iskander-xans, rogorc mas osmaleTSi uwodebdnen.
eSinoda imisa, rom levanis sikvdilis ambavi satyuara
ar yofiliyo Tavad dadianis mier mofiqrebuli.
misgan yvelaferi iyo mosalodneli. magram odiSis
siRrmeSi rom Sevidnen da soflebis rbevas aravin
gamoqomagebia, mere mixvda, rom levani marTlac mkvdari iyo. ase mimoarbia damwuxrebuli odiSi aleqsandre imerTa mefem da rogorc ki zugdidis sadadiano sasaxleSi Sevida, mokrZalebiT moixada qudi
da Rirseuli mowinaaRmdegis cxedars samefo pativi
miago. dakrZalvac mefuri gadauxada levan dadians.
yvelaferi airia odiSSi levanis Semdeg. misi
xelmonakidebic ki saeWvo xdeboda axali mTavrisTvis. yvelgan SeTqmuleba elandeboda vameys. ase
ambobda:
- meore levanis landi ar masvenebs am sasaxleSi,
unda davangrio zugdidi da Tavidan avaSenoo.
isev `meore”, da ara `pirveli”, an `erTaderTi”.
am axirebas mswrafl Seasrulebda, rom ara jvris mamis gafrTxileba:
- xalxs gadaimtereb vamey-batonoo.
- es vin ariso! - daiRriala gacecxlebulma da
karis-kacs ubrZana, SeTqmuli nikifore mRvdeli
dilegSi gamoemwyvdia.
SeSinda karis-kaci.
- es rogor vqnao?
brZanebis SeusruleblobisTvis sakuTari xeliT
waacala Tavi karis-kacs. mere TviTon waavlo xeli
qeCoSi da Tavad Caamwyvdia bnel dilegSi sagangebod
yaraulebi miuCina.
- uTvalTvaleT, naxeT, ras izams es ucnauri
moxucio.
bnelSi Camwyvdeulma gaixsena Tavisi patronebi
leoni da Teimurazi. inana kidec:
- rad ar davujere Teimuraz mefes da Tan ar
gavyevi ruseTso. aki miTxra, levanis Semdeg aq Sen
aRar dagedgomeba da CemTan wamodi, damexmare rusebTan molaparakebaSi.
isic inana nikiforem Teimurazs rom upasuxa
da amiT gaanawyena Tavisi yofili patroni.
- Sen Tu ruseTSic mimatoveb da merme ra vqna
me im wyeul da civ qveyanaSio.
araferi upasuxa Teimurazma, ar ganawyenebula,
mxolod wavida moskovs daxmarebis imedad.
ixsenebda evropas prelatebsa da mefeebs,
grafebsa da kardinalebs.
- ra cxovrebagamovlilma sad amovyavi Tavi da
sad vamTavreb cxovrebaso?! - esec inana.
rusTvelis freska dalanda im sibneleSi.
erT saRamos, saqme rom ara hqonda ra, vameyma
ikiTxa: - rasa iqms is damTxveuli moxucio?
- araferso, - miuges, - zis TavisTvis da sakuTar
Tavs sxvadasxva enaze elaparakebao.
- qarTulad ar elaparakebao? - yurebi cqvita
vameyma.
- SeiZleba elaparakeba, magram maSin, roca Cven
ar vusmenT.
- hoda, ganuwyvetliv usmineT. hkiTxeT, ra unda,
ras iTxovso.
ramdenime xnis Semdeg dabrundnen vameyTan cixianni da moaxsenes:
- jvris mama galileis Wogrits iTxovso.
- rogor Tu Wogrits da rogor Tu galileiso?
sadac gindaT, eZebeT, i poveT da miutaneT, gavigoT,
erTi, ra aris es galileis Wogritio.
marTlac eZebes, eZebes da i poves mxolod erTi
gragnili italiur enaze Sedgenili. miiwvies misionerebi da gadaaTargmnines. Turme es romSi Catarebuli kongresis sxdomebis Sedegad gacemuli sinamdvilis mowmoba iyo, romliTac romis wmida eklesia nikifore irbaxs cnobda iverTa mefis Teimurazis
elCad da Suamdgomlobda espaneTis mefesTan pontifikosis saxeliT, raTa monarqs yovelgvari daxmareba gaewia qarTvelTa samefos elCisTvis.
- es gasagebia, magram galileis Wogriti?
hoda, am Wogritis ZiebaSi kidec miicvala dilegSi gamomwyvdeuli megrelTa jvris mama. yuris
mgdeblebma vameys aseTi ambavi moaxsenes:
- vamey-batono, Sen rom dagvabare, uyuradeT
jvris mamas qarTulad Tu ityvis ramesao, mogaxseneb:
nikiforem erTaderTxel Tqva qarTuli sityvebi
da isic sikvdilis wino.
- rao, ra Tqvao? - daekarga moTmineba vameys.
- ase Tqva: me davbrundebi am abrundul saukuneSio.
- marTla? - miamiturad ikiTxa vamey-mTavarma da
ubralod gaecina.
* * *
hoda, levanisa da yvelafris Semdeg aleqsandre imerTa mefis xeldasxmiT odiSSi gadadianda
vamey li partiani. amiT gaanawyena odiSis mTavris
taxtis dasakuTrebisTvis mebrZoli levanis Zmiswuli liparit ieses Ze. vameyiT ukmayofiloni liparitis garSemo dairazmen da imereTis mefes omi gamoucxades. bunebrivia, vameyma daxmarebisTvis aleqsandres mimarTa. manac swrafad Sekriba laSqari da
li paritsa da mis momxreebs daeria banZasTan. amis
Semdeg aleqsandres did xans aRar ucocxlia. moas-
wro ra guriaSic Tavisi kacis - demetre simonisZis
gagurieleba, li partTan erTad levanis mier gurielad dasmuli qaixosros damarcxebis Semdeg, suli
ganuteva.
marTalia, qaixosro osmalos wyalobiT mainc
dabrunda gurielad, magram imerTa mefis mier mosyiduli maWutaZis wyalobiT daacxres samaradJamod
qaixosro - dasvenebis dros misda moulodnelad
ganisvena. am dasveneba-gansvenebisTvis maWutaZes Tavadoba uwyaloba TviTon gansvenebisTvis gamzadebulma
aleqsandrem.
erTis sityviT, yvelaferi airia levanis sikvdilis Semdeg. daiwyo sikvdilTa mTeli wyeba:
tfiliss gardaicvala cxra aTeul wels gadacilebuli rostom xani. bevri ijavra rostomma oriod
wlis win rom kaxeTi CamoarTves. siberec Tavisas
Svreboda da maleve gardaicvala. bedis dacinva am
sikvdilSi is iyo, rom misi cxedrisTvis saqarTveloSi ar moiZebna adgili da misi anderZisamebr dakrZales sparseTSi, qalaq yumSi, Sah abas I-is gansasveneblis gverdiT.
memkvidred Tavdapirvelad imerTa mefis giorgis
vaJi mamuka hyavda dasaxelebuli, magram levani
rom gajiqda da ar gaaTavisufla tyveobidan mamuka,
rostomma muxranbatonTa saxlSi daiwyo Svilobilis
Zebna. sabolood vaxtangze SeaCera Tavisi arCevani
da swored igi avida mamobilis taxtze vaxtang
V-is, igive Sahnavazis saxeliT.
Sahnavazic maleve CaerTo qarTul Sida samzareuloSi: dasavleT saqarTveloSi yvelaferi airia
levanisa da aleqsandres sikvdilis Semdeg. TviT
aleqsandres sicocxleSic imereTs misi coli nestan-darejani ganagebda - zurab aragvis erisTavis
naqvrivali. bagrat ufliswuls ar Seargo mefoba
dedinacvalma, Tavdapirvelad mas colad mihgvara
Teimuraz kaxT-batonis SviliSvili da Tavisi Zmis
Svili, Semdeg ki sulac daabrmava da taxti CamoarTva. nestan-darejani colad imereTis bagrationTa
gare warmomadgenels vinme vaxtang WuWunaiSvils
gahyva da imereTis mefedac igi gamoacxada. imerelma
didgvarovnebma aqeT vamey dadianTan afrines kaci,
iqiT Sahnavazsa da axalcixis faSas sTxoves daxmareba. Sahnavazsac da vameysac swored es undodaT.
erTi dasavleTidan, meore ki aRmosavleTidan SeiWrnen
imereTSi da taxtis mimtaceblebi Sei pyres. WuWunaiSvili daabneles da aslan axalcixis faSam Tan
waiyvana, nestan-darejani ki Tavad-aznaurebs SemoakvdaT xelSi. vameyma isargebla SemTxveviT da Tavi
imereTis mefed gamoacxada. qarTlsa da odiS-imereTis samefos Soris sazRvarad mdinare bujiswyali
dadves. merme Sahnavazs ar moewona vameyis gamefe-
65
ba da odiSze gailaSqra. dadiani ojaxianad gadaixvewa. qarTlis laSqari mtkiced idga levanis mier
agebul yvela qviTkirian qalaqSi. Sahnavazma levanis
Zmiswuli Samadavle levan III-is saxeliT gaadadiana,
vameyi ki svaneTSi moakvdines, misi ojaxi ki mZevlad
Caigdo xelT erTguli mstovrebis wyalobiT.
da kidev:
jer Zmazed, mermeT qmarzed damwuxrebul mariam
dedofals, romlisTvisac rostom mefis sikvdili
ukve meore daqvriveba iyo, xeli TviT Saabas meorem
Txova. dedofals mtkiced hqonda gadawyvetili
uari eTqva urjulosTvis da Tanac qristianuli
wesi ar aZlevda amis uflebas. bolos moifiqra:
nawnavebi SeiWra da abass gaugzavna, araferi
SeuTvala, ise. daxeda Tu ara mTlad gaWaRaravebul
nawnavebad dawnul Tmebs, mixvda dedoflis SemonaTvali. bevri ki smenoda mis silamazeze, RvTismosaobaze, kdemamosilebaze, gonierebaze, yvelafris
miuxedavad moxuci coli ar surda. amitom brZana,
colad gahyoloda qarTlSi misi gansvenebuli qmris
memkvidres Sahnavazs. Sahis rayamis mixedviT am
qmedebiT mariami qarTlis dedoflobas SeinarCunebda
sikvdilamde.
- amisTvisac madlobao, - Cailaparaka TavisTvis
mariam dedofalma da mesame saqorwilo mzadebas
Seudga. dabolos: am svegamwyral Teimurazsac daadga
rogorc iqna saSveli da mainc i pova Tavisi saboloo
navsayudari.
rom daebeda sxvis kardakar wowiali, arc sibereSi moklebia es `siamovneba”. levanis sikvdilma
mas quTaTisSi mouswro. erTxans rostom xanisgan
gawbilebuli imereTs afarebda Tavs, odiSSi ar
Cavida, radgan levani rostomis mokavSired eguleboda. ijda quTaTisSi, majamur leqsebsa Txzavda da uqimerionis sasaxles aivniTgan gadascqeroda rionis Sxuils.
uceb bagratis taZris zarebis rekva Semoesma.
es iseTi dro iyo, roca taZrebSi dasrulebulia
RvTismsaxureba. Gaifiqra:
- mteri xom ar moadga quTaTisis cixesao.
am dros masTan miiWra gaxarebuli maspinZeli
da miaxara levanis sikvdili.
Teimurazis Tvalwin gadairbina levanis cecxlovanma da mousvenarma bavSvobam, maTi bednieri dReebi TavianTi papis aleqsandres karze. yvelaferi
warmoudga Tvalwin, rac guls dawyvetda devnil
mefes. swored levanis dakrZalvis dRes mas idumal daukavSirdnen kaxeTiTgan uCumrad gadmosuli biZina ColoyaSvili da Zmebi qsnis erisTavebi.
kaxeTi axsenes da dakrZalvidan meore dRes daTqves ajameTis tyis piras Sexvedra.
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Teimurazma mousmina Salva da elizbar erisTaveebs, Tu ra xdeboda kaxeTSi. bolos biZinam
sTxova, emeTaura mefes am ajanyebisTvis, Tanac daamata, eSuamdgomla imerTa mefesTan, maSveli jariT daxmareboda. guls garedan moismina Teimurazma mgznebare qarTvelTa saubrebi.
- meTaurobaze ra mogaxsenoT da aleqsandre
mefesTan giSuamdgomlebTo.
uSuamdgomla, magram ise uSuamdgomla, rom imerTa mefe mixvda Teimurazis zerele damokidebulebas
da manac erT yurSi SeuSva naTxovni, meoredan ki
gauSva. Teimurazs xom moskovs eCqareboda.
sakuTar Tavs uelCa da vidremde rusTa xelmwife moskovis `aruJeinaia palataSi” miiRebda taxtwarTmeul kaxT-batons,
fSav-xevsur-mTiulni da adgilobrivi kaxelebi
Tavs daesxnen baxtrionSi Tavmoyril yizilbaSebs da musri gaavles mters.
baxtrionidan miadgnen alaverdis cixes da iq
uaresi dRe ayares gadamTielebs. Tavi ise gamoiCines
zezvai gafrindaulma,
nadira xoSaraulma da gogolaurma,
rom maTTvis matianeebSi adgili ar aRmoCnda
da mxolod zepirsityvierebam Semoinaxa maTi saxelebi da sagmiro saqmeni.
qarTvelebi ki am dros erTmaneTSi imereTsa da
odiSs ver iyofdnen. saamisod ki sakmao adgili
iyo matianeSi.
ase, Tu ise - Teimurazi gawbilebuli dabrunda
saqarTveloSi; - da meramdened.
iqeT daqvrivda,
aqeT berad aRikveca.
`daSTa cixesa Sina skandas friad upovari.~
egona, amiT amoiwureboda misi amqveyniuri xetiali, magram Sahnavazis imereTSi laSqrobisas mefeyofili beri qarTlis mefes tyved Cauvarda. manac
Sahis brZanebiT datyvevebuli moxuci sparseTs
gahgzavna. erTis sityviT, astrabadSi CasvlisTanave es martvili mefec gardaicvala. mas verc rwmena
Seacvlevines da verc sparseTis siZulvili. giaurma
sparseTis miwa ar indomao.
- hoda, mivceT gurjebs da rac undaT, is uqniaT
TavianT mefesao.
da gadaces Teimurazis gvami qarTvelebs. igi
kaxeTs Camoasvenes da alaverdSi dakrZales.
am abrundebian saukuneSi ,,dabadebula sulxansaba-orbeliani qarTulis qoronikons tmv (1658),
oktonbers kd (24), rom laTinurad oTxi noenberi
iqneba `dResa kviriakesa, Jamsa SuaRamisasa.~
dasawyisi `mamuli~ N13,
gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi
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